| RNAi lines and edited pPLAIIγ lines |
show increased |
aborted seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nrt1.6–3 mutant plants |
display |
strong seed abortion phenotypes under regular and HN conditions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ZmRCL1 mutation |
leads to |
underdeveloped endosperm |
Zea mays |
| ABA-GE levels |
substantially increase during |
specific seed developmental stages |
|
| developing IKU2-OE seeds |
have slightly higher |
protein content until 19 DAF (d after flowering) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) activity for seed development |
can also be exerted in |
embryo |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| overexpression of (SHB1, AT4G25350) gene |
was found to result in increase in |
seed size, weight, and oil content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| differentially expressed probe sets |
were selected from |
complete seed development |
Medicago truncatula |
| embryogenesis and early maturation phase |
is marked by overrepresentation of functional classes related to |
growth and metabolic activities |
Medicago truncatula |
| eIF4E1-OE plants |
show significantly higher |
yield per plant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| temporal shifts in sugar transporter type profiles |
are shared between |
Gramineae permanent endosperms and Fabaceae and Brassicaceae embryos |
Gramineae; Fabaceae; Brassicaceae |
| abscisic acid (ABA) |
is involved in |
seed dormancy |
|
| DEK58 mutation |
causes |
embryo lethality |
Zea mays |
| (GOM8, RHD3, AT3G13870) −/− (RL2, AT5G45160) −/− plants |
had |
no seed production |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| endosperm in mutant ovules of heterozygous (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) plants |
finally dries out and forms |
extremely small, infertile seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE1 line |
has total fatty acid content indistinguishable from wild type at 7 DAF but higher at 11, 15, and 19 DAF |
seed fatty acid accumulation during development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| total weight of seeds per plant |
is reduced |
in IKU2-OE plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| global regulatory network |
is composed of |
large core module with 16 transcription factors and 292 putative target genes |
Medicago truncatula |
| loss-of-function allele of MSP1 |
leads to |
seed abortion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TGS1, AT1G45231) mutants |
can achieve |
viable seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MINISEED3 (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) |
is involved in |
regulation of seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phe1-7 mutant |
slightly reduces |
seed length |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phe1-7 mutant |
strongly reduces |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| starch |
accumulates in |
early phase of seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mutants |
have elevated |
starch content at 19 DAF (d after flowering) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Medicago truncatula seed development |
is divided into |
late maturation |
Medicago truncatula |
| 29 out of 32 Medicago truncatula putative (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) targets |
were significantly down-regulated in |
Mtabi3 mutant |
Medicago truncatula |
| oastlAC B +/+ mutant |
shows number of fully developed seeds decreased by more than 85% compared to |
wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) expression |
restored at least partially |
seed size |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| overexpression of (ATHD2A, HD2A, HDA3, HDT1, AT3G44750) |
severely affected |
seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| volume of oil bodies (V OB) |
increased during |
embryo growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ACPs as a class |
increase over |
early development |
Glycine max |
| GA signaling pathway |
is pivotal in |
seed germination |
|
| phe1-7 mutant |
shows |
residual (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| heterozygous IKU2-OE1 line |
has siliques thicker than |
Col-0 empty vector control siliques |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| oastlAB C +/− mutant |
shows number of fully developed seeds at 38% of |
wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Tnt1 element in CT4:33 |
possibly landed in |
gene essential to embryo/seed development |
Solanum chacoense |
| mutations in Fertilization-Independent Endosperm1 (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) |
cause |
reduced seed size |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Oryza sativa |
| OPM activity |
interacts with |
known pathways influencing seed size |
Hordeum vulgare |
| AMF inoculation with Glomus etuniacatum |
in nutrient-poor soils associated with |
more seeds per fruit |
Abutilon theophrasiti |
| At later stages of seed development (16 to 29 DAP) |
had |
scale leaf primordia and compound leaf primordia developing on the embryo axis |
Pisum sativum |
| nitric oxide (NO) |
mediates |
seed germination |
|
| dek58 mutant |
exhibits |
defective kernel and embryo-lethal phenotype |
Zea mays |
| phe1-1 mutant |
slightly reduces |
seed width |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) mutant |
reduces |
total fatty acids |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| glycinin promoter |
is active during |
mid to late phase of seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| maternal effect of (IKU2, AT3G19700) overexpression in heterozygous siliques |
affects |
nontransgenic progeny |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| large core module |
includes most of |
late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) probe sets |
Medicago truncatula |
| (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) regulons in Arabidopsis |
include |
late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Dior Kelley |
performed |
genetic screen to identify 'big seed' mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| urb2 mutant |
shows |
retarded seed development |
Zea mays |
| (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) transcript |
accumulates in |
dry seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed endosperm |
is |
triploid tissue with two maternal and one paternal genomes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| HAIKU2 (IKU2, AT3G19700) |
is expressed in |
developing endosperm during the early stage |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| homozygous mutant seeds of (SHB1, AT4G25350) loss of function allele |
are |
smaller |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mini3-3 mutant |
reduces |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| starch degradation |
is retarded in |
(AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) mutant seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fie-11 mutant |
has drastically reduced amounts of |
TAG molecular species |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MINI3-OE line |
has seed size very similar to |
Col-0 empty vector control |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| heterozygous IKU2-OE1 line |
has siliques thicker than |
homozygous IKU2-OE1 line siliques |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| overexpression of (IKU2, AT3G19700) |
resulted in decrease in |
total amount of seeds per plant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| iku2-4 mutant |
produces |
smaller seeds with reduced weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cofactors levels |
were quantified over |
development |
Glycine max |
| inhibition of phosphorylation of OsbZIP10 precursors by OsPP2C51 |
promotes |
plant seed germination |
|
| VIVIPAROUS1 (VP1) mutant |
displays |
reduced sensitivity to ABA during seed development |
Zea mays |
| phe1-1 mutant |
strongly reduces |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) mutant |
contains increased amount of |
sucrose (Suc) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) overexpression |
results in increase in |
seed size |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| truncated versions of napin promoter |
made possible |
separation of effects of (AtLEC1, EMB 212, EMB212, LEC1, NF-YB9, AT1G21970) overexpression |
Brassica napus |
| use of truncated versions of glycinin promoter |
can result in generation of |
transgenic IKU2-OE plants which produce larger seeds without reduction of total seed yield per plant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed abortion rate in (AtHSBP, HCR2, HSBP, AT4G15802) KO mutant |
is higher than |
seed abortion rate in QK mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gene expression during seed germination |
was compared with |
gene expression during seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| abscisic acid (ABA) |
is involved in |
seed germination |
|
| mini3-1 mutant seeds |
contained less |
glucose (Glc) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE line |
has glucose content similar to |
wild type at all time points |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nontransgenic segregants of IKU2-OE1 line |
have length similar to |
large fluorescent (heterozygous) seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) expression |
is also low in |
homozygous IKU2-OE siliques |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fie-11 mutant |
is |
seed development gene mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| germination capacity |
was acquired from |
16 days after pollination onward |
Medicago truncatula |
| (AtHDA7, HDA7, AT5G35600) oe mutant |
shows similar |
silique fertility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AT.EIF4E1, CUM1, EIF4E, eIF4E1, AT4G18040) mutants |
show reduced |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtMYB55, MYB55, AT4G01680) |
is |
expressed during embryogenesis and germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| At 12 DAP |
had |
PsPALM1a, PsPALM1b and (UNI, AT1G61180) gene expression detected in the embryo |
Pisum sativum |
| ABA accumulation |
occurs during |
seed maturation |
|
| seed development in Arabidopsis |
is organized into |
two phases |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FIE-OE line |
has total protein similar to |
wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE2 line |
has total fatty acid content indistinguishable from wild type at 7 DAF but higher at 11, 15, and 19 DAF |
seed fatty acid accumulation during development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phe1-1 homozygous seeds |
have |
slightly reduced weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phe1-6 homozygous seeds |
have |
slightly reduced weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MtABI4 transcription factor |
is highly connected with |
desiccation tolerance (DT) probe sets |
Medicago truncatula |
| MtHSF transcription factor |
is highly connected with |
late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) probe sets |
Medicago truncatula |
| Medicago truncatula basic leucine zipper transcription factors |
are highly connected with |
P50 probe sets |
Medicago truncatula |
| double knockout of (ATHSP17.4, HSP17.4, AT3G46230) and (AT-HSP17.6A, HSP17.6, HSP17.6A, AT5G12030) |
leads to |
seed abortion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phenotypic similarity between (AtHSBP, HCR2, HSBP, AT4G15802) KO and QK mutants |
suggests |
HSFA1s and (AtHSBP, HCR2, HSBP, AT4G15802) may function in concert in seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed maturation-repressed genes (reactivated during germination) |
are, in contrast, mostly specific to |
either radicle (RAD) or micropylar and chalazal endosperm (MCE) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtMAX2, MAX2, ORE9, PPS, AT2G42620) transcript |
was abundant in |
dry seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATZFP2, ZFP2, AT5G57520) |
has expression in |
developing seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fertilization-independent embryo and endosperm formation |
occurs in aposporous female gametophytes soon after |
egg differentiates and fusion of two polar nuclei in central cell occurs |
Hieracium spp. |
| (SAUR62, AT1G29430) /75 RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown line |
produces |
aborted seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seeds |
undergo dehydration upon |
maturation |
|
| seed-specific genes |
are enriched for H3K27me3 after |
germination |
|
| LEC genes |
play a role in |
morphogenesis phase of seed development |
|
| decrease in number of ovules |
could explain |
seed drop observed during crossing |
Brassica rapa |
| iku2-4 mutant |
reduces |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phe1-6 mutant |
slightly reduces |
seed length |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) mutant |
reduces |
total fatty acids |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fatty acid content |
increased from approximately 0 to approximately 5 µg per seed in |
wild-type seeds during development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sucrose (Suc) accumulation |
accumulated in wild type from approximately 0.2 µg per seed at 7 DAF to approximately 0.4 µg per seed at 19 DAF in a linear way |
wild-type seeds during development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| small increase in expression of (IKU2, AT3G19700) in maternal tissue |
may have positive effect on |
development of seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phe1-7 homozygous seeds |
have similar |
length and width to wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| embryogenesis module |
corresponds to |
embryogenesis |
Medicago truncatula |
| seed metabolism at 56 and 66 days after sowing (DAS) |
mainly characterized by |
processes involved in seed storage |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (AtHSBP, HCR2, HSBP, AT4G15802) knockout mutant |
showed |
seed abortion phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| embryo sac (ES) collapse before fertilization |
contributes to |
seed failures in Athda7-2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed coat |
protects |
embryo |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ACP, ACP1, AtACP1, AT3G05020) profile |
varied considerably between |
R5 and R6 stages of development |
Glycine max |
| reduction in seed weight of seed development mutants |
is mainly based on |
reduction in oil |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) mutant seeds |
have sucrose content similar to |
wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) expression |
is found in |
young ovules after fertilization and in the endosperm of developing seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE plants |
produced seeds with increase in |
size, weight, and oil content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| global regulatory network |
is composed of |
smaller core module with 6 transcription factors and 76 putative targets |
Medicago truncatula |
| MtHSF transcription factor |
connects |
P50 probe sets cluster |
Medicago truncatula |
| oil production rate |
increased sharply at |
11 days after pollination (DAF) (U-shaped embryo stage) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| coi mutants |
show no significant difference in single-plant yield compared to |
WT plants in the field |
Oryza sativa |
| angiosperm seeds |
share |
broadly similar developmental pattern |
|
| real-time and in planta imaging of sugar pool sizes and transport fluxes in developing seeds |
technical challenges require resolution |
understanding sugar loading in developing seeds |
|
| Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) |
is one of |
plant species that produces myxospermous seed |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) mutant alleles |
contain decrease in |
α-linolenic acid (18:3) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) overexpression |
results in increase in |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seeds of heterozygous IKU2-OE plant |
contain embryos of different sizes |
embryo size variation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| increase in oil |
became visible as early as |
7 to 11 DAF (d after flowering) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TGS1, AT1G45231) heterozygous and homozygous plants |
showed |
high proportions of aborted seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| oil levels |
were quantified over |
development |
Glycine max |
| (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) mutant |
slightly reduces |
total protein content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) |
was overexpressed in |
transgenic Arabidopsis plants under control of seed-specific glycinin promoter |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Glycine max |
| developing (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) seeds |
have similar |
Suc content to wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed size |
is correlated with |
abundance of (IKU2, AT3G19700) transcript during seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Medicago truncatula seed development |
is divided into |
seed filling |
Medicago truncatula |
| sgpPLAIIγ lines |
show reduced seed sets by |
seed production |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (NFD6, AT2G20585) |
is required for |
normal seed development and maturation |
Ipomoea purpurea |
| PsPALM1a, PsPALM1b and (UNI, AT1G61180) gene expression |
was detected in the embryo when |
cotyledons are expanding |
Pisum sativum |
| second phase of seed development |
is characterized by |
embryo growth and expansion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE line |
increases seed weight by approximately 30% |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MtAP2/ (ATERF13, EREBP, ERF13, AT2G44840) transcription factor |
connects |
late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) and desiccation tolerance (DT) probe sets cluster |
Medicago truncatula |
| A subunit genes of (PP2A, AT1G69960) |
have highest transcript levels in |
developing rape seeds |
Brassica napus |
| (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) (ABI4, ATABI4, GIN6, ISI3, SAN5, SIS5, SUN6, AT2G40220) and (ABI5, AtABI5, DPBF1, GIA1, AT2G36270) |
control |
seed maturation |
|
| most of these genes |
were highly expressed in |
developing seeds of transgenic rice, especially TDC and T5H in HFL1 rice |
Oryza sativa |
| extensive membrane remodeling |
occurs during |
seed maturation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RNAi-1 mutant |
showed |
fewer seeds per silique |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ABA |
regulates |
seed germination |
|
| expression cluster 3 |
shows transcript expression specificity in |
micropylar endosperm |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seeds derived from (TGS1, AT1G45231) FGs |
showed |
variety of defects, including mixed cellular identities in fertilization products |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phe1-7 mutant |
is derived from |
(AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) mutant alleles |
contain increase in |
palmitic acid (16:0) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE line |
has seed width similar to |
control |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| number of seeds per silique |
remained unchanged |
in IKU2-OE plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) regulon promoters |
were enriched for |
RY element-like (RYL) motifs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ovules |
exert maternal influence on |
seed size |
|
| (AT.EIF4E1, CUM1, EIF4E, eIF4E1, AT4G18040) mutants |
show reduced |
yield per plant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| endosperm organisation of plasma-membrane influxers and effluxers |
is |
more complex spatiotemporal |
Fabaceae; Brassicaceae |
| seed |
accumulates |
large amounts of starch |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) overexpression |
results in increase in |
oil content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Medicago truncatula seed development |
is divided into |
pod abscission |
Medicago truncatula |
| (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) regulons in Arabidopsis |
include |
seed storage proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (COI1, AT2G39940) mutants |
have higher grain weight than |
WT plants |
Oryza sativa |
| selfed pPLAIIγ diploid mutant lines |
show significantly reduced |
seed sets |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sgpPLAIIγ line #4 |
shows significantly increased proportion of |
aborted seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| grain size |
is influenced by |
spikelet hull growth |
|
| soybean events carrying transgenic alleles |
were examined for effects on |
metabolism |
Glycine max |
| this latter point |
likely limits |
extent of changes to storage reserve composition observed here |
Glycine max |
| heterozygous (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) mutants |
develop endosperm in ovules carrying maternal fie allele without fertilization, leading to |
abortion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed coat |
is derived from |
inner and outer integument cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) |
expression is strongly suppressed in |
(AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) homozygous mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) mutant |
shows tendency to increase |
α-linolenic acid (18:3) content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) mutant |
slightly reduces |
total protein content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| aborted (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) mutant seeds |
has oil content extremely low at around 0.05 µg per seed |
oil content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE line |
increases seed length by approximately 20% |
seed length |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE line |
has total protein similar to |
wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FIE-OE line |
has sucrose content similar to |
control |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) seeds |
have reduced |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) lines |
have slightly reduced |
protein content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transient starch accumulating during Arabidopsis seed development |
localizes to |
embryo |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OVULE PECTIN MODIFIER 1 (OPM1) |
is absent from |
seed |
Hordeum vulgare |
| embryo-specific overexpression of Fertilization Independent Endosperm (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) |
has no influence on |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MINISEED3 (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) |
is expressed in |
developing endosperm during the early stage |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) |
is |
seed development gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MtABI5 transcription factor |
is highly connected with |
desiccation tolerance (DT) probe sets |
Medicago truncatula |
| coi mutants |
have larger grain length and width compared to |
WT plants |
Oryza sativa |
| ZmBELL10-OE plants |
exhibit increased |
kernel size |
Zea mays L. |
| paternal (TGS1, AT1G45231) alleles |
do not rescue |
defects in (TGS1, AT1G45231) /+ seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GLABRA2 (GL2, AT1G79840) |
is critical for |
seed mucilage biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GRMZM2G120575 |
is |
causal gene for the dek58 seed-defective phenotype |
Zea mays |
| (AtGATL5, GATL5, AT1G02720) expression |
is highest in |
7-DPA siliques |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5, AtABI5, DPBF1, GIA1, AT2G36270) |
is mainly expressed in |
seeds |
|
| (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) and (IKU2, AT3G19700) pathway |
has unknown |
exact mechanism and downstream factors |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mini3-1 mutant |
is derived from |
(ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MtAP2/ (ATERF13, EREBP, ERF13, AT2G44840) transcription factor |
connects |
P50 probe sets cluster |
Medicago truncatula |
| hull tissues (lemma and palea) |
provide physical constraints to limit |
seed size |
|
| seed coat |
protects |
embryo |
|
| (FAR1, AT5G22500) transcript |
accumulates in |
dry seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fie-14 mutant |
is derived from |
(FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) mutant alleles |
contain decrease in |
linoleic acid (18:2) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FIE-OE line |
has seed size very similar to |
Col-0 empty vector control |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| increased seed size phenotype |
is observed only in |
heterozygous IKU2-OE seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nucellus |
has impact on |
grain size |
|
| late embryogenesis in seed plants |
is an example of |
new developmental context for desiccation tolerance mechanisms |
|
| (AtMYB55, MYB55, AT4G01680) |
shows |
strong negative correlation with (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) during seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AAP2, AT5G09220) seeds |
show decrease of |
protein content |
|
| (XXT5, AT1G74380) expression |
is also high at |
initial stages of seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| carbon flow from glutamine via malate |
occurs into |
fatty acid biosynthesis |
Glycine max |
| embryo-specific overexpression of Fertilization Independent Endosperm (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) |
has no influence on |
seed size |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| overexpression of HAIKU2 (IKU2, AT3G19700) |
results in seeds with increased |
seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| increased Suc content in (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) seeds |
can be explained by |
decreased sink strength associated with reduced conversion of Suc into fatty acids |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Medicago truncatula promoter sequences |
revealed presence of |
at least one RYL or one GBL motif |
Medicago truncatula |
| AtME4 and AtME2 genes |
are highly expressed during |
phase R6 of seed development |
Glycine max |
| ZmTFCB driven by 35S promoter |
did not completely rescue |
aborted seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phe1-1 mutant |
is derived from |
(AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) mutant |
shows tendency to reduce |
linoleic acid (18:2) content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) gene |
is expressed in |
preglobular embryo and in the endosperm during early development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rpl27ac-2 and rpl27ac-3 mutant siliques |
have reduced number of |
seed |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cuticular structures on developing embryo |
are important to |
prevent organ fusion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transgenic rice seeds expressing bacterial (DHPS, HPPK, AT1G69190) |
morphological changes were observed in |
transgenic rice seeds |
Oryza sativa |
| type I MADS-box genes |
are preferentially expressed in |
seed |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| water stress during flowering and grain filling periods |
results in severe reduction in |
seed quality |
canola |
| arabinose |
accumulates in pronounced manner during |
seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cell proliferation |
was active during |
10–20 DAF (days after flowering) |
Brassica napus |
| coi1b mutants |
have higher grain weight than |
WT plants |
Oryza sativa |
| 585 kb highly differentiated region on chromosome 6 |
contained |
nuclear fission defective 6 (NFD6, AT2G20585) and NAC transcription factor 25 (anac025, NAC025, NAC25, AT1G61110) genes |
Ipomoea purpurea |
| derepression of the maternal (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) allele in polycomb group (PcG) mutants |
is believed to cause |
endosperm overproliferation and seed abortion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mini3-1 mutant |
reduces |
seed width |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| starch degradation in mutant seeds |
was retarded |
starch metabolism |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MINI3-OE line |
has sucrose content similar to |
control |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE line |
has starch content strongly increased at 7 DAF to 8 to 10 µg per seed |
starch accumulation at early seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transgenic LEC1-overexpressing rapeseed plants |
produce larger seeds without |
detrimental effects on plant development |
Brassica napus |
| gene regulatory network of developing M. truncatula seeds |
visualized the presence of |
tightly coregulated modules of gene expression |
Medicago truncatula |
| different seed compartments |
control |
seed germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| oleosin proteins |
are involved in |
total lipid and protein accumulation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| endosperm-associated cuticle |
is localized to |
outer side of mature endosperm |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mature endosperm-associated cuticle |
is of |
maternal ii1 cellular origin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| dark-brown HFL1 seeds |
had slight increase in |
chalkiness |
Oryza sativa |
| maternal (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) mutation |
improves |
fertility in species crosses |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Arabidopsis arenosa |
| embryo proliferation in the second phase |
is accompanied with |
accumulation of seed storage compounds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IKU2-OE line |
has sucrose accumulation pattern opposite to starch |
sucrose and starch metabolism |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IKU2, AT3G19700) expression |
is silenced in |
homozygous IKU2-OE seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wrinkled1 mutant |
shows reduction in oil accumulation accompanied with retardation in |
starch degradation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) expression |
is detected in |
endosperm and embryo until the globular stage |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATWRKY10, MINI3, WRKY10, AT1G55600) expression |
is absent from |
heart stage embryos |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| oastlAC B +/− mutant |
shows number of fully developed seeds decreased by more than 85% compared to |
wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| histone (H2B, HTB2, AT5G22880) monoubiquitination (H2Bub) |
affects |
seed dormancy |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| volume of oil bodies (V OB) in ole1ole2ole4 mutant |
reached average of |
2.5 µm³ at 11 DAF |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ii1 maternal cells |
are located on outer side of |
developing endosperm cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| high-Lys transgenic rice |
plant performance and seed germination were unchanged between |
wild type |
Oryza sativa |
| (MUCI70, AT1G28240) and (GAUT11, AT1G18580) |
were transcribed in |
developing Arabidopsis siliques from 3 to 10 (DPA, AT5G02470) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| absence of (EMB173, FIS1, MEA, SDG5, AT1G02580) and (FIE2, FIS2, AT2G35670) orthologs in rice |
suggests that |
repression of central cell nuclei mediated by FIS complex in Arabidopsis does not operate in rice |
Oryza sativa; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtLHP1, LHP1, TFL2, AT5G17690) |
role in repression of seed-specific genes remains to be determined |
seed-specific genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| overexpressor or mutant lines and wild type |
did not show significant differences in |
germination rates after 2 to 4 d of incubation with excess (ATBHLH029, ATBHLH29, ATFIT1, BHLH029, FIT, FIT1, FRU, AT2G28160) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi |
does not produce |
viable seed |
Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi |
| M2 ears |
were screened for |
dominant seed mutant phenotypes |
Zea mays |
| ostga10 mutant |
exhibits |
lower seed set |
Oryza sativa |
| 35S-15 and GR-14 transgenic lines |
showed comparable appearance to |
wild-type dehulled mature seeds |
Oryza sativa |
| BADC proteins |
play role in |
normal seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 67% of genes from set that were down-regulated during seed maturation |
showed |
inverse expression pattern (were induced) during germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (HSA32, AT4G21320) and (ATHSP101, HOT1, HSP101, AT1G74310) interplay |
takes place during |
seed development |
Oryza sativa |
| DEX itself |
hardly affects |
germination of control seeds |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| oil body accumulation pattern in double mutants |
changed especially after |
9 DAF |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nitric oxide (NO) |
is involved in alleviation of |
seed dormancy |
|
| abscisic acid (ABA) |
plays critical roles in |
seed germination |
|
| germination |
is more sensitive to |
cyclopropane fatty acid (CPA) accumulation than seed maturation |
|
| seed-specific expression of feedback-insensitive (DHPS, HPPK, AT1G69190) and AK |
resulted in |
wrinkled seeds |
Glycine max |
| autonomous pseudoseeds |
result from |
nucellar cell proliferation |
Oryza sativa |
| endosperm |
provides nutrients to |
embryo |
|
| abscisic acid (ABA) |
promotes |
synthesis of seed storage proteins |
|
| environment, such as temperature, during grain filling |
differs among |
caryopses from the same panicle |
Oryza sativa |
| siliques from (SAUR75, AT5G27780) mutant pollination |
showed |
aborted seeds dispersing randomly from the top to the base |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genes expressed only in developing seeds |
are expressed during |
specific phase of seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gibberellin (GA) |
plays a significant role in |
seed development |
|
| genes that exhibit seed-specific expression |
are preferentially de-repressed in the presence of |
uniconazole |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed maturation |
involves |
gradual desiccation process |
|
| Brassica napus seeds |
reach approximately 45% lipid content after |
maturation |
Brassica napus |
| SDG728 RNAi plants |
had |
reduced seed size and weight |
Oryza sativa |
| (AAP1, AtAAP1, NAT2, AT1G58360) |
has function in |
seed loading |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fiber |
accounts for |
45% of total seed biomass at maturity in AD genome species |
|
| different plant strategies in response to water stress |
resulted in several similar outcomes when comparing |
equal seed weights |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| structure at surface of ii1 cells during globular and heart stages |
has inverted electron density relative to |
structure at endosperm surface in mature seeds |
|
| CR-slida CRISPR-Cas9 gene knockout lines |
show 86%, 70% and 79% reduction in |
seed number |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SEED STORAGE ALBUMIN1 (AT2S1, SESA1, AT4G27140) |
was |
down-regulated in cer9-2 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| germination of (AtROS1, DML1, ROS1, AT2G36490) /DEL seeds of lines 4 and 11 |
was strongly delayed on DEX medium compared to |
non-DEX medium |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| free Lys content in 35S-15 and GR-14 lines |
showed similar decrease as |
wild-type rice |
Oryza sativa |
| different grains of the same plant |
experience diverse environmental conditions during |
seed development |
Oryza sativa |
| severe defects in pollen tube growth |
result in |
reduced seed set |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (GAUT11, AT1G18580) |
showed dramatic increase in expression at |
7 (DPA, AT5G02470) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| siliques from (SAUR62, AT1G29430) mutant pollination |
showed |
aborted seeds dispersing randomly from the top to the base |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) seeds |
exhibit |
viviparous germination |
|
| seed development signals |
play a role in |
increase of lignocellulosic biomass in (ATGRP8, CCR1, GR-RBP8, GRP8, RBGA6, AT4G39260) ProSNBE lines |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| decline of free Lys from 10 to 15 DAF |
might be related to |
expansion via deposition of storage proteins in developing seeds about 12 DAF |
Oryza sativa |
| time and processing of grain filling |
can be quite different among |
caryopses from the same panicle |
Oryza sativa |
| (SAUR62, AT1G29430) /− is a knockdown mutant and (SAUR75, AT5G27780) /− is a knockout mutant |
might explain |
impaired seed development observed only with wild-type pollen on (SAUR75, AT5G27780) /− but not (SAUR62, AT1G29430) /− and RNAi pistils |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| water stress during flowering and grain filling periods |
results in severe reduction in |
seed yield |
canola |
| LEC genes |
act early in seed development during |
morphogenesis |
|
| de-repression of seed-specific transcripts |
includes |
all three LEC genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wild-type plants |
show less than 2% seed abortion compared to |
heterozygous (ATOBGC, ATOBGL, CPSAR1, EMB269, EMB3138, Obg A-2, OBGC, OBGL, AT5G18570) mutant plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cuticle |
continuing development could be inferred from continuous presence of |
dense particles in ii1 cell walls |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PAC, AT2G48120) treatment |
does not rupture |
testa or endosperm |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| abscisic acid (ABA) |
plays critical roles in |
seed maturation |
|
| emb2279-2 heterozygote siliques |
contained about 25% of the seeds that were |
albino and aborted |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PHERES1 repression |
occurs during |
gametophyte and endosperm development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| initiation of the synthesis of storage substances |
results in decreased |
cell division |
Brassica napus |
| reduced IAA levels in de-B18 mutant |
is attributed to |
altered cellular morphology of BETL and reduced seed mass |
Zea mays |
| flange wall ingrowths |
are present by |
15 days after anthesis |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| seed coat |
utilizes |
dry weight |
|
| free amino acids (FAAs) |
play important roles in |
seed desiccation |
|
| water stress |
inhibits |
cell division in endosperm cells |
|
| nitric oxide (NO) |
is involved in promotion of |
seed germination |
|
| (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) mutant |
results in |
reduced seed dormancy |
|
| (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) (ABI4, ATABI4, GIN6, ISI3, SAN5, SIS5, SUN6, AT2G40220) and (ABI5, AtABI5, DPBF1, GIA1, AT2G36270) transcription factors |
positively regulate expression in |
seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| embryo |
is surrounded by |
single-cell endosperm layer |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cuticle |
acquires globular organization during |
globular and heart stages |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsFDML1 transcripts |
are not detected in |
10-d-old ovary |
Oryza sativa |
| FIS2–MEA complex |
presumably affects |
other, as yet unidentified, genes involved in seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (EMB173, FIS1, MEA, SDG5, AT1G02580) |
functions specifically in |
seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| de-repression of (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) |
is likely to contribute to |
seed abortion phenotype of (EMB173, FIS1, MEA, SDG5, AT1G02580) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| majority of genes induced in seed maturation and subsequently removed during germination |
are shared by |
micropylar and chalazal endosperm (MCE) and radicle (RAD) (72%) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| exogenous L-NMMA |
decreased |
germination in wild-type seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| germination process |
accumulates delay of approximately 2 to 3 days in |
(ATRAPTOR1B, RAPTOR1, RAPTOR1B, AT3G08850) mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transcript elevation of genes involved in serotonin biosynthesis |
existed only at |
medium and late stages in developing seeds of transgenic rice but not in early stage |
Oryza sativa |
| (AGL23, AT1G65360) |
functions in |
female gametophyte and during seed development |
|
| SAMS protein |
is absent in |
dry mature seed |
Medicago truncatula |
| activation of (CHD3, CHR6, CKH2, EPP1, GYM, HRB2, LWR1, PKL, SSL2, AT2G25170) after germination |
is insufficient to repress expression of |
seed-associated traits |
|
| (OLE1, OLEO1, AT4G25140) mutant |
is |
major oleosin found in developing seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed storage proteins |
were |
down-regulated in cer9-2 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fusion of central cell and sperm nuclei |
produces |
endosperm |
|
| Atgint1 seeds |
were slightly but significantly larger than |
wild type seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LEAFY COTYLEDON 2 (AtLEC2, LEC2, AT1G28300) |
is |
key transcriptional regulator of seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SAUR62, AT1G29430) mutant |
showed higher seed abortion rates than |
wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed germination |
is |
transition state between quiescent embryo and photosynthetically active plant |
|
| abscisic acid (ABA) |
plays crucial role in |
embryo development |
|
| (FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) |
functions in |
regulating seed development following fertilization |
Hieracium piloselloides |
| HvTrxh1 |
was observed in |
dissected endosperm of mature barley seeds |
Hordeum vulgare |
| LORELEI |
functions in |
early seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| largest decreases in seed weight |
occurred in |
lines that accumulate the most cyclopropane fatty acid (CPA) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cuticle |
is associated with |
endosperm outer cell wall |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gaps at micropylar and chalazal poles |
might play role in |
seed development and seed germination |
|
| segregation of endosperm color among HFL mature seeds |
might be considered a response to |
environmental factors |
Oryza sativa |
| (AGL23, AT1G65360) |
expressed predominantly paternally within |
endosperm after fertilization |
|
| loss of activity of any of the four FIS complex genes |
results in |
overgrowth of fertilized endosperm |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| chromatin-associated factors |
restrict expression of |
seed-specific genes |
|
| (GAUT11, AT1G18580) |
has a role in |
seed wall composition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 794 proteins from B. napus developing seed |
provide resource linking |
transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory network of seed development |
Brassica napus |
| AtLPLA |
is strongly expressed during |
embryo development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| single-cell endosperm layer |
is surrounded by |
seed coat (testa) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| electron-lucent and electron-dense layers of cuticle |
thickened significantly by |
mature embryo stage |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cuticle |
is fully associated with |
endosperm cell wall |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pyramid HFL1 rice (35S-15/GR-14) |
had dehulled seeds with |
dark-brown endosperm phenotype |
Oryza sativa |
| (BADC1, BLP3, AT3G56130) (BADC3, BLP2, AT3G15690) double mutant |
shows significant decrease in |
weight per seed |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| EMBRYO SURROUNDING FACTOR1 (ESF1) |
regulates |
nutrient transfer into embryo |
|
| chromatin remodelers |
are required for repression of |
seed expression programs |
|
| (ATELP, ATELP1, ATVSR1, BP-80, BP80, BP80-1;1, BP80B, GFS1, MTV18, VSR1, VSR1;1, AT3G52850) (AtVSR2, BP80-1;2, VSR1;2, VSR2, AT2G30290) (BP80-2;1, MTV2, MTV4, VSR2;1, VSR4, AT2G14720) (BP80-3;2, VSR3;2, VSR5, AT2G34940) (BP80-3;3, VSR3;3, VSR6, AT1G30900) (BP80-3;1, VSR3;1, VSR7, AT4G20110) single mutants |
show no obvious difference in |
seed germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cuticle |
became more frequently associated with endosperm cells than ii1 cells at |
heart stage |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed coat defects of (TT1, WIP1, AT1G34790) and (ATCHS, CHS, TT4, AT5G13930) mutants |
are maternally derived |
maternal origin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tight association between dark-brown color emerging and Lys accumulation |
occurred at |
late stage of endosperm development in HFL rice |
Oryza sativa |
| endosperm appearance in harvested seeds from HFL lines |
is quite different and color is |
segregated |
Oryza sativa |
| hybrid endosperm |
harvested at |
five days post pollination |
Oryza sativa |
| phenotype of (AGD1, VAL1, AT5G61980) (HSI2-L1, HSL1, VAL2, AT4G32010) seedlings |
bears striking similarities to |
phenotype of (CHD3, CHR6, CKH2, EPP1, GYM, HRB2, LWR1, PKL, SSL2, AT2G25170) seedlings |
|
| HvTrxh1 |
was observed in |
aleurone layer of mature barley seeds |
Hordeum vulgare |
| female gametophyte of HSFA1 QK mutant |
associated with higher |
seed abortion rate |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (OLE1, OLEO1, AT4G25140) protein |
is detected following |
OLE5 protein |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (VUP1, AT3G21710) promoter |
drives expression in |
developing seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| endosperm |
nourishes |
developing embryo and seedling |
|
| endosperm cuticle |
is produced by |
maternal inner integument 1 layer |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| abscisic acid (ABA) |
inhibits |
seed germination |
|
| master regulators |
promote |
developmental program of seeds |
|
| second male gamete and diploid central cell fusion |
develops into |
triploid endosperm |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATNTRA, NTR2, NTRA, AT2G17420) (ATNTRB, NTR1, NTRB, AT4G35460) mutant |
shows |
slightly wrinkled seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SOD isoform |
is exclusively identified in |
endosperm |
barley; Hordeum vulgare |
| parental fad2fae1 seeds |
weighed |
20.0 ± 1.24 µg |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PIFs (PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS) |
repress |
seed germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TIP3 isoforms expression |
is restricted to |
seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activation of (CHD3, CHR6, CKH2, EPP1, GYM, HRB2, LWR1, PKL, SSL2, AT2G25170) prior to germination |
is sufficient to repress expression of |
seed-associated traits |
|
| (AGD1, VAL1, AT5G61980) (HSI2-L1, HSL1, VAL2, AT4G32010) double mutant |
shows accumulation of |
triacylglycerol |
|
| ABA |
establishes |
desiccation tolerance |
|
| neutral invertase |
was isolated and expression pattern analysis showed expression is |
significantly increased during seed development |
|
| oil content |
increased sharply at |
11 days after pollination (DAF) (U-shaped embryo stage) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| triple mutant plants |
displayed |
markedly reduced seed set |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| QPM mutant maize |
endosperm was hardened |
endosperm |
Zea mays |
| (BADC1, BLP3, AT3G56130) (BADC2, BLP1, AT1G52670) double mutant |
showed significant decrease in |
desiccated seed weight |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) mutants |
germinate only after |
embryos mature |
|
| de-repression of LEC genes |
contributes substantially to generation of |
pickle root phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FIS genes |
are expressed in |
endosperm |
|
| immature siliques of heterozygous mutant plants |
contain approximately 25% white seeds |
white seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (GAUT11, AT1G18580) |
is shown to be involved in |
production of Arabidopsis seed testa cell wall and mucilage |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| outer seed coat cuticle |
is associated with |
water desiccation tolerance |
|
| dso-4 genotype |
exhibits |
seed fusion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| heritability of TS–GUS reactivation |
is highly sensitive to resetting at |
another stage of plant development during seed aging |
|
| altered BETL morphology in de-B18 mutant |
is due to |
greatly reduced ZmPIN RNA localization in BETL |
Zea mays |
| cotton transfer cells (TCs) |
are characterized by |
flange and reticulate wall ingrowths (WIs) forming sequentially during development |
Gossypium species |
| different plant strategies in response to water stress |
resulted in different outcomes at |
whole-seed level |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| electron-lucent material |
corresponds to |
cuticle |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| emb-type mutations |
mainly affect |
embryo |
Zea mays |
| oil body (OB) size |
decreases during |
seed maturation |
|
| expression pattern of (AtMAX2, MAX2, ORE9, PPS, AT2G42620) in dry seed and imbibition stages |
was similar to |
expression pattern of (AT3, ATEM1, EM1, GEA1, AT3G51810) a gene highly expressed in seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ii1 cells |
undergo programmed cell death during |
final steps of testa maturation |
|
| cuticle |
could play role in preventing fusion between |
endosperm and integumental cells |
|
| developing seed at 10 DAF |
had limited number of differential metabolites (DMs) detected in |
transgenic rice compared with wild type |
Oryza sativa |
| sHSPs |
are involved in |
seed maturation |
|
| 1:3 segregation ratio of aborted to normal seeds |
mimics |
defective kernel phenotype of maize (ASG6, CRK2, AT1G70520) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Zea mays |
| (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) |
is expressed throughout |
maturation phase |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fie-11 mutant |
is derived from |
(FIE, FIE1, FIS3, AT3G20740) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL37, PHE1, AT1G65330) |
was overexpressed in |
transgenic Arabidopsis plants under control of seed-specific glycinin promoter |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Glycine max |
| IKU2-OE seeds |
have reduced |
Suc content at 7 DAF (d after flowering) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seed developing |
has not finished at |
19 DAF (d after flowering) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SERK) |
acts as positive regulator of |
seed development program |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| proteomic composition |
was preserved under |
most severe water limitation treatment (10% PC) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 35S:STK plants |
show wider seed area compared with |
wild-type and (AGL11, STK, AT4G09960) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cuticle |
is transferred to |
endosperm around the heart and torpedo stages of embryo development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cv Nipponbare under LT conditions |
has significantly reduced |
seed-setting percentage |
Oryza sativa |
| excess sugars |
are known to inhibit |
seed germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) (ABI4, ATABI4, GIN6, ISI3, SAN5, SIS5, SUN6, AT2G40220) and (ABI5, AtABI5, DPBF1, GIA1, AT2G36270) |
regulate |
overlapping subsets of seed-specific genes |
|
| free Lys level in wild-type rice |
was reduced to very low level after |
seed maturation |
Oryza sativa |
| seed abortion and reduced seed set |
was not observed in |
wild-type siliques |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| endosperm and nucellar cells in fertilized seeds |
have |
distinct border |
Oryza sativa |
| ATP-dependent remodelers |
restrict expression of |
seed-specific genes |
|
| (LEA, AT2G21490) (Late Embryogenesis Abundant) genes |
named for |
abundant expression in desiccating seeds |
|
| two barley Trx h isoforms |
might be regulated differently and have |
seed tissue-specific functions |
Hordeum vulgare |
| loss of (ATOBGC, ATOBGL, CPSAR1, EMB269, EMB3138, Obg A-2, OBGC, OBGL, AT5G18570) |
causes |
seed lethality |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SALT-OVERLY SENSITIVE 5 (FLA4, SOS5, AT3G46550) |
is highly expressed at |
4 days post-anthesis (DPA) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ii1 primary cell wall |
is in continuity with |
cuticle and endosperm cell wall |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lrx mutants |
show |
reduced seed set |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ectopic expression of an enzyme that inactivates GAs |
leads to |
seed abortion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) |
is required at later stage than |
LEC genes |
|
| genes that exhibit seed-specific expression |
are preferentially de-repressed in the absence of |
PICKLE (CHD3, CHR6, CKH2, EPP1, GYM, HRB2, LWR1, PKL, SSL2, AT2G25170) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protein translation |
was heavily inhibited at |
17–21 DAF stage |
Brassica napus |
| (ATTPS2, TPS2, AT1G16980) |
is expressed in |
seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| VfAAP1 |
has function in |
seed size |
Vicia faba |
| overexpression of (BZR1, AT1G75080) |
enhanced |
seed number |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| expression levels of Chr4.2307.KCS, Chr4.2308.KCS, and Chr4.2311.KCS |
were indeed significantly upregulated from |
85 DAF to 100 DAF |
Acer truncatum |
| temporary accumulation of starch |
is helpful as |
sink organ |
Brassica napus |
| high expression of auxin-related genes |
indicates that auxin may have possible roles in |
17–21 DAF developmental processes |
Brassica napus |
| AN1 |
is involved in |
seed coat morphogenesis |
Petunia hybrida |
| reduced cell size in endosperm |
causes |
miniature seed phenotype |
Zea mays |
| flange wall ingrowth density in Gossypium hirsutum at 20 DAA |
is higher than |
flange wall ingrowth density in Gossypium arboreum |
Gossypium hirsutum; Gossypium arboreum |
| (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) mutants |
show |
larger seed phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| microspore defects |
can lead to |
reduced seed set rate |
|
| MADS29 |
is expressed in |
early seed stages |
Oryza sativa |
| seed number and weight |
are not predetermined upon bolting and can be altered in response to stress |
water stress at almost any stage during seed setting |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PBAA relative composition |
is rigorously maintained |
under any water stress condition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis thaliana mature seed |
contains |
embryo |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LeLID1 |
contributes to |
seed germination |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Rubisco small subunit-encoding gene |
was not changed during |
seed development |
Brassica napus |
| (AtbZIP, bZIP, AT1G68880) family |
participate in |
seed maturation |
|
| cell wall invertase (CWIN) activity |
rate-limits |
seed development |
|
| anti-159 plants |
house smaller-sized seeds reduced in number compared to |
wild-type plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TIP3;1–YFP |
is abundant and fluoresces brightly in |
dry seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ccc triple mutant seed germination failure |
may be due to |
embryo lethality |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| knockout alleles of (ATSUC5, SUC5, AT1G71890) |
are slightly delayed in |
embryo development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| timing of endosperm cellularization |
is directly linked to |
seed size |
|
| redundant role of (ATBET11, ATBS14A, BET11, BS14A, MTV15, AT3G58170) and (ATBET12, ATBS14B, BET12, BS14B, AT4G14455) |
suggested by |
fertilization failure and seed developmental abortion in double mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| double-fertilization event |
leads to formation of |
diploid embryo |
|
| Differences in TE and imprinted genes expression between endosperm domains |
were observed between |
endosperm domains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Failure in parental genome dosage regulation |
results in |
defective endosperm development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| expression cluster 1 |
shows transcript expression specificity in |
seed coat |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| B. napus ESTs |
were detected as differentially expressed at |
15 and 25 DAF (days after flowering) |
Brassica napus |
| 50% decrease in lipid content of the seed |
is reduced along with |
embryo development |
Brassica napus |
| starch synthesis blocked in the embryo |
results in impaired |
formation of the embryo as a sink tissue |
Brassica napus |
| cruciferin |
is |
major storage protein of Brassica napus seeds |
Brassica napus |
| ZmTar1 gene |
shows highly divergent (antagonistic) response at |
12 and 16 days after pollination (DAP) |
Zea mays |
| homozygous recessive mn1 mutant |
is seed-specific and bears |
one-fifth the weight of normal Mn1 seed at maturity |
Zea mays |
| entire complement of TIPs |
has been characterized |
Arabidopsis seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| immature seeds |
were separated from |
silique coats |
Brassica napus |
| SDG728 RNAi plants |
displayed |
reduced seed size and seed weight phenotype |
|
| (ATOPT3, OPT3, AT4G16370) |
has function in |
seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 8–12 days after pollination (DAP) stage |
coincident with |
early peak in IAA levels |
Zea mays |
| CYP724B1 RNAi plants |
show |
reduced seed size and weight |
Oryza sativa |
| seed weight in OsMED14_1 RNAi plants |
is lighter by up to 33% reduction compared with |
wild-type seeds |
Oryza sativa |
| alteration in seed weight |
can be traced to |
changes in seed filling rate |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| proteomic rebalancing phenomenon |
has been previously reported in |
seed storage protein (SSP) mutants of soybean, corn, barley, and Arabidopsis |
|
| (ASK1, ATSKP1, SKP1, SKP1A, UIP1, AT1G75950) seeds |
are |
1.4-fold bigger than WT seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| VfPTR1 expression |
occurs at later stages of seed development compared to |
amino acid transporter VfAAP1 |
Vicia faba |
| (AQP1, ATTIP2;1, DELTA-TIP, DELTA-TIP1, TIP2;1, AT3G16240) |
is expressed in |
outer integument of seed coat |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (GAMMA-TIP2, SITIP, TIP1;2, TIP2, AT3G26520) ;2–YFP and (PAT24, TIP1, AT5G20350) ;1–RFP |
have mutually exclusive expression patterns in |
seeds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rigorous maintenance of PBAA relative composition |
strongly suggests that |
PBAA composition plays a key role in seed survival under any water stress condition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ZmDREB2A mRNA accumulation in zygotic embryos |
increases dramatically during |
seed maturation from 21 to 35 DAP |
Zea mays |
| DREB/CBF |
play roles in |
seed development |
|
| testa |
surrounds |
embryo |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| organic N compounds |
are utilized for |
biosynthesis of storage compounds |
|
| silencing of Lin5 expression |
reduced |
seed number |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| miniature1 (mn1) seed mutant |
leads to pleiotropic changes including altered |
sugar levels |
Zea mays |
| reticulate wall ingrowth density in Gossypium hirsutum at 20 DAA |
is higher than |
reticulate wall ingrowth density in Gossypium thurberi |
Gossypium hirsutum; Gossypium thurberi |
| fiber |
accounts for |
40% of total seed biomass at maturity in A genome progenitor |
|
| (GAMMA-TIP2, SITIP, TIP1;2, TIP2, AT3G26520) ;1 (AQP1, ATTIP2;1, DELTA-TIP, DELTA-TIP1, TIP2;1, AT3G16240) |
is excluded from |
embryos |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| spikelets in OsMED14_1 RNAi panicles |
remain green during |
seed maturation |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis thaliana mature seed |
consists of |
external dead seed coat |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AAP8, ATAAP8, AT1G10010) mutant |
shows reduction in |
seeds per silique |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| exogenous supply of hexoses |
was unable to recover |
miniature seed phenotype |
Zea mays |
| T1 seed from single copy suppression lines |
showed 20–27% reduction in average seed weight compared with |
wild-type plants |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| early embryogenesis stages |
occurs during |
1 to 4 days after fertilisation (DAF1−DAF4) |
Xerophyta humilis |
| (ACBP4, AtACBP4, AT3G05420) |
functions in |
seed development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GmEXPB2 overexpression line 1 |
produced |
10.0% increase in 100 grain weight |
Glycine max |
| differences in proteolysis during seed development |
explains |
low correlation between alpha and beta chains |
Medicago truncatula |
| endosperm associated with maternal-filial boundaries |
is linked with |
nutritional dynamics |
|
| mature seed |
contains |
fully formed embryo |
|