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protein modification

10063 relationships annotated with this phrase. Showing first 500 of 10063.
Source entity Relationship Target entity Species
351 total N-glycosylated proteins 42.7% had two or more N-glycosylation sites Colletotrichum graminicola
RePRPs do not contain sequences for farnesylation and prenylation Oryza sativa
FtsZ of MCs-producing cyanobacteria may have been modified to prevent MC-LR from competing for GTP site
target proteins with key roles in GPI-anchor modification hold key roles in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor modification pathway Colletotrichum graminicola
sulfide may react with metal centers of metalloproteins
protein kinases (PKs) and protein phosphatases (PPs) play opposite roles in phosphorylation and dephosphorylation
OsNF-YA4-IR1 and OsWRKY55-IR are predicted to be less ubiquitinated than their full-length counterparts Oryza sativa
ML3-related ML6 was identified unequivocally in initial MS analysis following HSN purification Arabidopsis thaliana
mature MmNec3 protein has potential N-glycosylation site at Asn90 Melianthus minor
protein extracts from isogenic Col-0 and (TOL2, AT1G06210) /3/5/6 plant lines expressing GFP-tagged (PYR1, RCAR11, AT4G17870) revealed increase in the ubiquitination of GFP:PYR1 in (TOL2, AT1G06210) /3/5/6 plant extracts Arabidopsis thaliana
PP2C can directly dephosphorylate nonkinase target proteins
major lipid droplet protein (MLDP) lacks putative conserved site for palmitoylation Dunaliella bardawil
Myeloid differentiation factor-2-related lipid-recognition domain protein (ML3, AT5G23820) is NEDD8-modified protein Arabidopsis thaliana
proteins with more than 10 oxidation sites include FtsH proteases, monoxygenase, ATPase, and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase Solanum tuberosum
AvrPphB effector from Pseudomonas syringae undergoes self-cleavage process to expose myristoylation and palmitoylation motif Pseudomonas syringae
carotene globule protein (CGP) has predicted palmitoylation site on Cys-13 Dunaliella bardawil
photorespiratory enzymes can be modified by oxidative posttranslational protein modifications (PTMs)
(ATWRKY53, WRKY53, AT4G23810) may be phosphorylated by (ARAKIN, ATMEKK1, MAPKKK8, MEKK1, AT4G08500) Arabidopsis thaliana
small fraction of (ML3, AT5G23820) is (ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) modified Arabidopsis thaliana
second residue was Gly some sequences had Met removed but others did not variable Met cleavage with Gly at position 2 Solanum tuberosum
NAP1-family proteins are known to be regulated by prenylation Arabidopsis thaliana
acetylated proteins outside the nuclei have been identified in Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea Fusarium oxysporum; Botrytis cinerea
Myeloid differentiation factor-2-related lipid-recognition domain protein (ML3, AT5G23820) is ubiquitin-modified protein Arabidopsis thaliana
identified glycoproteins were involved in protein O-glycosylation Colletotrichum graminicola
dephosphorylation of kinases by PP2C influences kinase function
AvrB induce phosphorylation at Thr166 of (AtRIN4, RIN4, AT3G25070)
HopZ5 acetylate Thr166 of (AtRIN4, RIN4, AT3G25070)
(ATWRKY53, WRKY53, AT4G23810) may be modified by ubiquitination by E3 ligase (UPL5, AT4G12570) Arabidopsis thaliana
enrichment of (ML3, AT5G23820) in purifications of (ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) conjugates may be reason for identification of (ML3, AT5G23820) in proteomics studies Arabidopsis thaliana
AvrRpm1 induces ADP-ribosylation on 10 other (NOI, NOI4, AT5G55850) proteins Arabidopsis thaliana
SUMOylation of CaAITP1 is reversible process Nicotiana benthamiana
Δ9Bg_9562 has deletion of 9 aa at N-terminal (potential T3SS signal)
CaTrailin3 contains either extensive post-translational modifications and/or supramolecular complexes Craspedostauros australis
N-glycosylation can coordinate glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor modification Colletotrichum graminicola
MYC-ML3 fusion protein is detected in two prominent forms of approximately 32 and 44 kD Arabidopsis thaliana
potato mitochondrial proteome was extensively searched for different types of PTMs Solanum tuberosum
CaTrailin4 contains either extensive post-translational modifications and/or supramolecular complexes Craspedostauros australis
Lysine acetylation (Kac) plays key role in interactions with binding partners
AtFNR isoforms lack evidence for in vivo glycosylation Arabidopsis thaliana
N-alpha-acetylation of FNR is the modification resulting in appearance and N-terminal blocking of acidic forms Arabidopsis thaliana
cysteine 34 of TrxB was replaced by serine residue Synechocystis
AvrRpm1 induce phosphorylation at Thr166 of (AtRIN4, RIN4, AT3G25070)
SDE2 is conserved ubiquitin-like protein in eukaryotes
GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) could be released from membrane after cleavage by specific phospholipases
505 proteins contained at least one type of oxidative modification Solanum tuberosum
rPPDK1 showed normal LD pattern of PPC phosphorylation Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi
Thr-168 in (ATLFNR1, FNR1, LFNR1, AT5G66190) is putatively phosphorylated phosphorylation Arabidopsis thaliana
basic AtFNR1 has acetylated only Lys-321 Arabidopsis thaliana
AtFNR2 (Lys-330) acetylation occurs on conserved Lys residue in the same 3D position near the active site Arabidopsis thaliana
functional significance of these modifications on chloroplast proteins in general, and specifically on AtFNR obviously requires further research Arabidopsis thaliana
identified proteins in potato tuber mitochondria harbor posttranslational modifications Solanum tuberosum
NEM-biotin derivatization tags proteins that were initially glutathionylated
N-alpha-acetylation (Nα-acetylation) is addition of acetyl group to N-terminal amino acid
N-terminal trimming is one of multiple regulatory levels of AtFNR Arabidopsis thaliana
protease (LON1, LON_ARA_ARA, AT5G26860) may be hypothesized to affect proline accumulation at posttranslational protein modification level Arabidopsis thaliana
sHSP22 is ubiquitination target Arabidopsis thaliana
posttranslational modifications alter protein properties
posttranslational modifications are mostly reversible, target-specific, and rapidly affect protein stability, activity, or intracellular localization
ATP/ADP translocator (AAC1, AT3G08580) undergoes Lys acetylation
immunoblotting with anti-phospho-PPC antibody was used to investigate phosphorylation state of PPC Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi
lipidation is a common (DDP1, PTM, AT5G35210) occurring in a number of type III effectors of bacterial pathogens
posttranslationally modified forms may result from phosphorylation Arabidopsis thaliana
AtFNR isoforms contain multiple alternative amino termini Arabidopsis thaliana
N-terminal peptides representing the N α-acetylated AtFNR2 (FNR2a) started with Ala, Ile, or Gln Arabidopsis thaliana
conserved Lys-175 in AtFNR1 was acetylated Arabidopsis thaliana
removal of Met can be related to length of side chain of second amino acid in sequence Solanum tuberosum
505 proteins with oxidative modifications gave total of 2,471 sites of modification Solanum tuberosum
high frequency of Met sulfoxidation is in accordance with several reports that found sulfur amino acids to be more sensitive to oxidation by ROS
Lys-321 in acidic and basic AtFNR1 is acetylated acetylation Arabidopsis thaliana
Lys-96 and Lys-330 in acidic and basic AtFNR2 are acetylated acetylation Arabidopsis thaliana
Asn deamidation (188 proteins) was detected in 188 proteins Solanum tuberosum
rNAD-ME1 had clearly reduced degree of dark phosphorylation of PPC Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi
oxygen-dependent oxidation of transcription factor proteins is catalyzed by PLANT CYS OXIDASE (PCO)
these proteins are likely N-glycosylated Arabidopsis thaliana
type III effector AvrPto of Pseudomonas syringae was phosphorylated when expressed in plant leaves
prenyl motif (C152VVM155) in NbHIPP26 was altered by replacing Cys-152 with Gly Nicotiana benthamiana
CP43 is N-alpha-acetylated N-alpha-acetylation
Rubisco large subunit is N-alpha-acetylated N-alpha-acetylation
Met sulfoxidation, Pro oxidation, and Lys hydroxylation are most abundant types of PTMs in proteome Solanum tuberosum
additional bands in 2D isoelectric focusing/SDS-PAGE may just represent monomers that differ in charge due to posttranslational modification Arabidopsis thaliana
plant cell wall proteins are glycosylated proteins with highly repetitive sequences
interaction with TGB1 negates or reverses NbHIPP26 lipidation Nicotiana benthamiana
newly accessible thiols are derivatized by NEM-biotin
NO can activate through metal nitrosation
ATP SYNTHASE epsilon SUBUNIT (ATPE, ATCG00470) is N-alpha-acetylated N-alpha-acetylation
putative phosphorylated Thr residues in the N terminus of (ATLFNR1, FNR1, LFNR1, AT5G66190) are present in N terminus of (ATLFNR1, FNR1, LFNR1, AT5G66190) Arabidopsis thaliana
AtFNR isoforms form acidic and basic forms with different pI values Arabidopsis thaliana
Acetylation and methylation of chloroplast proteins have been identified recently chloroplast proteins Arabidopsis thaliana
Rubisco undergoes Lys acetylation
high light intensity and the resulting damage to the D1 protein lead to phosphorylation of D1, D2, and CP43 Arabidopsis thaliana
N α-acetylation is one of multiple regulatory levels of AtFNR Arabidopsis thaliana
regulation of AOX activity is mediated by posttranslational pathways
N α-acetylation occurs preferentially at Ala, (REM11, VAL, AT5G60140) Ile, Ser, and Thr Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
results in Supplemental Table S5 confirm specificity of Met cleavage based on second amino acid Solanum tuberosum
pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (E1 α- and β-subunits) are examples of highly abundant carbonylated proteins Solanum tuberosum
GRMZM2G099648 is ubiquitin ligase Zea mays
NAP1-family proteins are known to be regulated by polyglutamylation Arabidopsis thaliana
all membrane-bound AtFNR forms possess acetylated Lys residues Arabidopsis thaliana
protein oxidation in potato mitochondrial proteome was specifically focused on in this study Solanum tuberosum
peripheral pool of LHCB1 possesses high level of Lys acetylation
NAD is substrate in protein de-acetylation reactions
two forms with different pIs of AtFNR1 and AtFNR2 indicate posttranslational modification Arabidopsis thaliana
LHC proteins present in the PSII supercomplexes are less acetylated
carbonylated proteins include both high- and low-abundance proteins spanning variety of metabolic pathways Solanum tuberosum
highly abundant carbonylated proteins (abundance from −2.99 to −1.56 [log10 (dNSAF)]) had up to 50 oxidation sites mapped to single protein, Gly dehydrogenase Solanum tuberosum
GPI anchor cleavage releases arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs)
NAD is substrate in poly-ADP-ribosylation reactions
NO can activate through S-nitrosylation
phosphorylation-induced conformational changes presumably led to reduced RNA-binding
various LHC proteins undergo Lys acetylation
side chain is large (Arg, Asn, Asp, Glu, Ile, Leu, or Lys) leads to Met is retained Solanum tuberosum
additional bands may reflect posttranslationally modified forms of introduced protein Arabidopsis thaliana
55-kDa protein is post-translationally modified Hordeum vulgare
AvrBsT acetylate Thr166 of (AtRIN4, RIN4, AT3G25070)
CaAITP1 undergoes SUMOylation Capsicum annuum
AI cell shares enrichment of terms with SO cells Hieracium praealtum
hindering the formation of hydrogen bonds depends on position of the Lys residue within the protein
POLTERGEIST has membrane anchoring through palmitoylation
POLTERGEIST-LIKE has membrane anchoring through palmitoylation
feruloylated glycoproteins correspond to minor cellular component Triticum aestivum
RCS such as hydroxynonenal (HNE), acrolein, and malondialdehyde establish covalent bonds
GIGANTEA (GI) interaction with SPY may modulate O-fucosylation of DELLA proteins
incorporation of ferulic acid was into protein fraction
GIGANTEA (GI) is proposed to regulate PIF4 through post-translational mechanism
Arabidopsis FC lyase undergoes post-translational N-glycosylation Arabidopsis thaliana
glycosylation can participate in post-translational modification (PTM) networks
(TOL6, AT2G38410) is ubiquitylated in vivo ubiquitylation of (TOL6, AT2G38410) Arabidopsis thaliana
XA21 is glycosylated glycosylation Oryza sativa
peptide mimics exploiting host secretory machinery reach intended apoplastic destination and garner plant-specific glycosylation patterns
Golgi apparatus serves as central site of protein glycosylation
SPY may induce O-fucosylation of GIGANTEA (GI) protein
animal catalase forms adducts with 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)
ubiquitination affects protein activity
post-translational modification (PTM) cascade in plants has outcome opposite to post-translational modification (PTM) cascade in animal systems
(APD9, FGT2, AT5G66080) is attached to the plasma membrane through lipid anchoring
GII b subunit affects (EFR, AT5G20480) protein levels and size
(RAB, RBE, AT5G06070) C-terminus contains prenylatable cysteines
recognition of plant CLAVATA3/embryo surrounding region (CLE) peptides by cell-surface receptors (CSRs) relies on host post-translational modification (PTM)
SUMOylation affects protein-protein interactions
tunicamycin (Tm) inhibits N-glycosylation of neosynthetized proteins
Gln cyclization to pyro-Glu is detected in all FNR forms Arabidopsis thaliana
all complexes contained alternatively trimmed N termini of AtFNR Arabidopsis thaliana
Lys acetylation was recently detected in chloroplast proteome
protein extracts are initially heavily alkylated with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM)
glycosylation is prevalent in apoplast
(BAF60, CHC1, SWP73B, AT5G14170) modulates posttranslational modification Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATOFP3, OFP3, AT5G58360) localization may be directed by phosphorylation Oryza sativa
signalling proteins are enriched in lipid-modified proteome
disappearing peptide corresponded to amino acid sequence CVESGGPEPGVGCAGR Azolla filiculoides; Nostoc PCC 73102
63 proteins from cell cultures are candidates for S-nitrosylation Arabidopsis thaliana
transposon becoming part of mRNA can change potential post-translational modification sites
post-translational protein modification proteins are upregulated at 15 days after anthesis (DAA) Triticum aestivum
MAPs occur widely in chloroplast
NO plays diverse roles in modifying the structure and activity of multiple different enzymes
respective enzymes for tubulin modification have not been identified conclusively in plants
sumoylation of (AtSTOP1, STOP1, AT1G34370) may depend on a prior post-translational modification that does not occur when STOP1 is expressed in E. coli Escherichia coli
deregulated sumoylation of (AtSTOP1, STOP1, AT1G34370) alters pool of active (AtSTOP1, STOP1, AT1G34370) Arabidopsis thaliana
protein ubiquitination proteins levels decrease during grain filling Triticum aestivum
phosphorylation-dependent SUMO modifications are reported in animal cells
secreted peptide hormones undergo post-translational modification
Ala residue in (FLA19, AT1G15190) is considered crucial functional site that may transfer to Ser/Thr/ (REM11, VAL, AT5G60140) for the glycosylation of subsequent Hyp residues
addition of 948.8-Da azido-ATP-biotin moiety to PEROXIDASE 52 (PRX52, AT5G05340) accounts for noticeable slight shift in molecular weight of Western blot signal Arabidopsis thaliana
reactive electrophile species (RES) can chemically react with proteins
seed extracts incubated with excess of iron (Fe 2+ ) in presence of thiol reductants showed 42 kDa GmFAD7 protein band increased dramatically Glycine max
Chimeric fusion PiII–ScSuc2 is known to be N-glycosylated
redox conditions from thiol groups affected distribution and conformation of GmFAD7 proteins Glycine max
sequestration of metals by 100 mM EDTA reduced considerably amount of 42 kDa GmFAD7 protein fraction Glycine max
reported size difference between unmodified and modified NifH in Gleothece is considerably larger than mass difference identified in Azolla cyanobiont Gleothece; Azolla filiculoides
sumoylation of (AtSTOP1, STOP1, AT1G34370) may depend on prior post-translational modification
SUMOylation has been found to be involved in modulation of protein-protein interactions
iron (Fe 2+ or Fe 3+ ) promoted 42 kDa GmFAD7 protein band accumulation Glycine max
classical AGPs often contain GPI lipid anchor Oryza sativa
phosphorylation of TST2;1 may improve vacuolar sucrose loading
appearance of 42 kDa GmFAD7 protein band seemed to be accompanied by decrease in 80 kDa protein complex Glycine max
reduction in PP1 and PP2-dimer quantities indicates disappearance of water-soluble forms Cucurbita maxima
N-Tyr incorporation into extreme C-terminus of α-tubulin probably disturbs tyrosination/detyrosination cycle of α-tubulin
OsWRKY62.1 contains putative C-terminal sumoylation site Oryza sativa
detyrosinated tubulin and tyrosinated tubulin co-exist in vivo cells under normal conditions
lineage-specific expansion (LSE) is particularly evident in relation to gene families involved in protein modification
spots #7 and #65 apparently result from different post-translational modifications of the same gene products Arabidopsis thaliana
ubiquitination occurs in eukaryotic cells
NO can interact with thiol groups
mass difference would allow identification and location of modification Azolla filiculoides
myristoylation plays pivotal role in stabilizing protein conformation
truncation of GFP upon secretion results in a lack of fluorescence
phosphorylation of RGPs reduces self-glycosylation
ARF family of small GTPases were first identified as ADP ribosylation factors
predicted protein encoded by RNase Phy3 gene is probably N-glycosylated Petunia hybrida
az36 may represent modified, probably inactive, form of NifH Azolla filiculoides
identity of disappearing peptide was confirmed by analysing modified and non-modified protein spectra of NifH of Nostoc PCC 73102 Nostoc PCC 73102
ADP-ribosylation of Rhodospirillum has been shown to be located on Arg101 Rhodospirillum
several explanations may exist for absence of modified peptide in mass spectra Azolla filiculoides
NifH protein modification in cyanobacteria is shown for first time to be localized within 13 amino acid sequence SGGPEPGVGCAGR Azolla filiculoides
post-translational modification may cause opposite expression patterns of Msr-A isoforms Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
transition metals mediate protein tyrosine nitration in vivo
selective nitration of tyrosine depends on protein structure, nitration mechanism, and environment
glutathione functions as substrate for glutathionylation of target proteins
N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is attached by SECRET AGENT (SEC) Arabidopsis thaliana
mass differences between observed and theoretical Mr may be due to post-translational modifications during senescence Petunia×hybrida
acid invertases (Ac-Invs) are glycosylated proteins
redox proteomics is determined by post-translational modifications to proteins
protein tyrosine nitration is nitric-oxide-mediated post-translational modification
plant (ATRBR1, RB, RB1, RBR, RBR1, AT3G12280) proteins are controlled by phosphorylation
polysaccharide chains of AGPs could be deglycosylated by glycosidases
small amount of recombinant (AtPAO5, PAO5, AT4G29720) protein is ubiquitinated ubiquitination Arabidopsis thaliana
lipoxygenase is homologous to proteins demonstrated to undergo carbonylation
NifH modification in unicellular cyanobacterium Gleothece was proposed to be modified by several palmitoylations or palmitoylation in combination with other modifications Gleothece
one or two tyrosines in proteins become preferentially nitrated tyrosine nitration
phloem protein 2 (PP2)-dimer in treated samples quantity is strongly reduced water-soluble form of PP2-dimer Cucurbita maxima
Phosphorylation on serine, threonine, and tyrosine is protein modification
HvCBL4 has Cys2 that would be N-myristoylated Hordeum vulgare
hypusinated (ATELF5A-1, EIF-5A, EIF5A, ELF5A-1, AT1G13950) is active form of (ATELF5A-1, EIF-5A, EIF5A, ELF5A-1, AT1G13950)
high-throughput proteomic analysis is used to study post-translational modifications of proteins
histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) modify histones and non-histone proteins
nitration of Tyr448 would disrupt NAD site
nitric oxide (NO•) reacts with haem-containing proteins
peptide corresponding to same part of protein disappeared in modified protein Azolla filiculoides; Nostoc PCC 73102
candidate modification could be confirmed by chemically de-modifying the protein Azolla filiculoides
nitration and inactivation by peroxynitrite of glutathione reductase similar observations have been made in different studies
peptides common to bands of both 21 kDa and 30 kDa sizes indicate differences in glycosylation Fragaria nubicola; Fragaria viridis
catalytic domain of GsCBRLK contains one potential N-myristoylation site Glycine soja
nitric oxide (NO•) reacts with thiol groups
SAHH is candidate for both S-nitrosylation and tyrosine nitration
modification of extreme C-terminus of α-tubulin by reversible enzymatically catalysed addition and removal of tyrosine is well-characterized post-translational tubulin modifications (PTMs)
S-nitrosylation of APX is reversible post-translational modification
(DHS, EDA22, AT5G05920) catalysis results in formation of deoxyhypusine
some observed modifications in the Rubisco large subunit (LS) and small subunit (SS) have common features with other co- and post-translationally modifying enzymes
tyrosine nitration (Tyr nitration) occurs under physiological conditions
nitration of tyrosine is selective process
breaking of equilibrium results in increase in nitrated SAHH and inactivation of its activity
high molecular weight proteins in recombinant AtPAO5-6His preparations are absent in control preparations from wild-type plants Arabidopsis thaliana
N-Tyr incorporation into proteins causes changes in enzymatic activity
mature RM1 does not have lysine residues Oryza sativa
(ATGSTF2, ATPM24, ATPM24.1, GST2, GSTF2, AT4G02520) (ATGSTF3, GST16, GSTF3, AT2G02930) and (ATGSTF5, ATGSTF8, GST6, GSTF8, AT2G47730) are likely to be substrates of (ATMSRB7, MSRB7, AT4G21830) Arabidopsis thaliana
tubulin–tyrosine ligase (TTL) is antagonist of tubulin–tyrosine carboxypeptidase (TTC) eukaryotes
peptide mass spectra of trypsin-digested unmodified and modified NifH were compared to identify nitrogenase modification Azolla filiculoides
NifH modification of Azolla cyanobiont has mass of 300-400 Da Azolla filiculoides
variation in pI within each group resulted from carbamylation of lysine residues Vitis vinifera
Tyr434 supported as phosphorylation target
post-translational modifications such as glycosylation may cause higher experimental molecular weight than expected molecular weight Oryza sativa
limited proteolysis of soybean (ATLOX1, LOX1, AT1G55020) generated 60 kDa fragment with enhanced activity and membrane binding ability Glycine max
protein ubiquitination (GO:0016567) was only present in treatment with 0.5 μM Rose Bengal (RB) Arabidopsis thaliana
post-translational modifications (PTMs) can influence stability and structure of microtubules
palmitoylation (238 Da) is usually observed only on lysine and N-terminal cysteine after cleavage of signal peptide
(PXY, TDR, AT5G61480) mutant exhibits altered expression of genes associated with posttranslational modification Oryza sativa
all receptor kinase (RK) superfamily members appear to be S-acylated
ATP synthase is homologous to proteins demonstrated to undergo carbonylation
miraculin was identified as modified protein not previously shown to be targeted by nitration in plants Citrus species
nitration of Tyr448 is consistent with observed inhibitory effect
ps (ATTOC34, OEP34, TOC34, AT5G05000) is similarly regulated by phosphorylation Pisum sativum
large proportion of Azolla cyanobiont NifH protein appeared to be modified Azolla filiculoides
in-solution digestion would allow for determination of exact difference in mass between modified and non-modified protein Azolla filiculoides
plant (ATELF5A-1, EIF-5A, EIF5A, ELF5A-1, AT1G13950) is post-translationally hypusinated hypusination
PP2C can dephosphorylate kinases
tubulin–tyrosine-ligase (TTL) catalyzes incorporation of N-Tyr into extreme C-terminus of α-tubulin
rice seedlings and tobacco suspension culture cells were grown in the presence of 3-nitro-l-tyrosine (NO2-Tyr) Oryza sativa; Nicotiana tabacum
excess copper exposure causes disruption of protein functions due to copper-binding to sulphhydryl groups
(ML3, AT5G23820) had also been found by others in similar attempts to identify novel (ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) conjugates Arabidopsis thaliana
phosphatases and protein dephosphorylation have received less attention than protein kinases and phosphorylation
classical AGPs have presence of glycosylphosphoinositol (GPI) in the hydrophobic C-terminal region
(ML3, AT5G23820) is NEDD8-conjugated and ubiquitin-conjugated protein Arabidopsis thaliana
menaquinone-4 (vitamin K2) serves as enzymatic co-factor
released glycoprotein can be subject to further processing
genes important in protein modification are significantly overrepresented among upregulated genes after dehydration
hydrofluoric acid treatment removes glycan moieties Craspedostauros australis
Lysine acetylation (Kac) plays key role in protein stability
RePRPs are not likely to have hydrophobic C-terminal sequence for GPI anchor addition Oryza sativa
cadmium binds to sulfhydryl residues of constituent proteins or enzymes
spots 1401 and 1402 represented same protein Salicornia europaea
post-translational modifications of (AGO1, AtAGO1, ICU9, AT1G48410) may play role in regulation of (AGO1, AtAGO1, ICU9, AT1G48410) activity Arabidopsis thaliana
covalent changes from post-translational modifications may result in loss or gain in protein function or no change in function
GPI anchor is cleaved, followed by covalent linkage to sugar moieties within cell wall
tubulin–tyrosine ligase (ALNS, TTL, AT5G58220) preferentially uses tubulin dimers as substrate
G-domain of ps (ATTOC159, PPI2, TOC159, TOC160, TOC86, AT4G02510) is efficiently phosphorylated phosphorylation
peptide of same mass disappeared in modified NifH of Nostoc PCC 73102 Nostoc PCC 73102
modification of arginine would block trypsin cleavage Azolla filiculoides
S-nitrosylation can change the function of many proteins
protein band 41 was repressed by chemical treatments in the absence of salt stress in roots Citrus species
tubulin is homologous to proteins demonstrated to undergo nitrosylation
Type I ROPs C termini are posttranslationally modified on the surface of the ER Arabidopsis thaliana
14 leaf proteins sensitive to both nitration and nitrosylation without being carbonylated were identified in leaves Citrus species
oxidation of methionine is protein modification
S-acylation is catalyzed by protein S-acyl transferases
fls2c/proFLS2:FLS2 C1132,1135 S Arabidopsis plants showed no increase in S-acylation following flg22 treatment Arabidopsis thaliana
carbohydrate moieties of AGPs might be released via cleavage by specific enzymes
AtPES contains potential sumoylation site (LKKE) Arabidopsis thaliana
ROS-induced oxidative post-translational modifications (Oxi-PTMs) alter protein structure
difference in gel migration between GluD1aNip and GluD1aW2 is most likely not due to post-translational modification Oryza sativa
Tyr448 is proposed as target for nitration
phloem protein 1 (PP1) in treated samples quantity is strongly reduced water-soluble form of PP1 Cucurbita maxima
nitric oxide (NO) mediates post-translational modifications (PTMs)
post-translational modifications (PTMs) increase functional diversity in microtubule population
oxidized methionine (MetO) can alter protein conformation
partial N-alpha-acetylation (Nα-acetylation) was attributed to shift in pI Arabidopsis thaliana
mitochondrial precursor protein pF 1 β has not been shown to be phosphorylated
recombinant (AtPAO5, PAO5, AT4G29720) protein may suggest is not ubiquitinated monoubiquitination Arabidopsis thaliana
conserved N-glycosylation site is present in AtFNR1 and AtFNR2 Arabidopsis thaliana
acetylation of Lys residues results in mass gain of 42.0105 D Arabidopsis thaliana
N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) alkylation blocks all free thiols
GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) are associated with pollen membranes by GPI anchoring Arabidopsis thaliana
glycosyl hydrolases can affect Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) function
otubain proteins are known to possess deubiquitination activity
N-Tyr was incorporated into extreme C-terminus of α-tubulin
Lys-trimethylation increases mass by 42.0471 D Arabidopsis thaliana
AtFNR1 (Lys-321) acetylation occurs on conserved Lys residue in the same 3D position near the active site Arabidopsis thaliana
N-terminal myristoylation is (DDP1, PTM, AT5G35210) reported of late
(AtRIN4, RIN4, AT3G25070) is modified by AvrB
ubiquitin (Ub) is founding member of small protein modifiers
malonylation is lysine modification Oryza sativa spp. japonica
(DDP1, PTM, AT5G35210) databases integrate various (DDP1, PTM, AT5G35210) types
GPI anchor proteins are abundant in plants
deamidation is protein modification
higher levels of neddylated (ATCUL1, AXR6, CUL1, ETA1, ICU13, AT4G02570) in substrate-bound SCF suggests substrate-E3 interactions may trigger neddylation
(PHT4;6, AT5G44370) likely functions in protein N-glycosylation Arabidopsis thaliana
NAD+-dependent malate dehydrogenase activity changes upon Lys acetylation
many proteins identified with uncleaved N terminus were OMM proteins, including porins, or components of respiratory complexes in IMM Solanum tuberosum
YFP-SS4C protein did not yield multiple, slow-migrating bands
active heterodimeric enzyme catalyzes similar protein modification reaction Arabidopsis thaliana
(GUN4, AT3G59400) acts on posttranslational level
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase was identified as modified protein not previously shown to be targeted by nitration in plants Citrus species
(ATGSTF2, ATPM24, ATPM24.1, GST2, GSTF2, AT4G02520) and (ATGSTF3, GST16, GSTF3, AT2G02930) may be direct substrates of (ATMSRB7, MSRB7, AT4G21830) Arabidopsis thaliana
Acetylation on protein N-termini is protein modification
aconitate hydratase is homologous to proteins demonstrated to undergo carbonylation
sucrose synthase was identified as modified protein not previously shown to be targeted by nitration in plants Citrus species
34 exclusively carbonylated proteins in leaves were identified among 92 carbonylated proteins in leaves Citrus species
12 proteins with all post-translational modifications in roots mainly included proteins with chaperone function, energy, amino acid metabolism, transport ATPases, signal transduction and defense Citrus species
two NON-EXPRESSOR OF PR GENES 1 (ATNPR1, NIM1, NPR1, SAI1, AT1G64280) cysteine mutants had constitutive (ATNPR1, NIM1, NPR1, SAI1, AT1G64280) monomer accumulation
TaADF7 protein contains phosphorylation site Triticum aestivum
ROS-induced oxidative post-translational modifications (Oxi-PTMs) alter protein function
ELONGATION FACTOR-Tu RECEPTOR (EFR, AT5G20480) -GFP undergoes elf18-induced increase in S-acylation Nicotiana benthamiana
FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (ATFLS2, FLS2, AT5G63580) Cys1132 and 1135 are sites of ligand inducible S-acylation
tubulin diversity may be further enhanced by post-translational modifications
DTT (dithiothreitol) disrupts disulfide bonds inside or between proteins
OPDA reacts with protein thiols
PTMcode is (DDP1, PTM, AT5G35210) database
OsC6 lacks GPI-anchor Oryza sativa
endogenously S-nitrosylated proteins in Arabidopsis contain cysteine S-nitrosylation site Arabidopsis thaliana
ubiquitination includes activation
enolase is homologous to proteins demonstrated to undergo carbonylation
intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are frequently enriched in posttranslational modification
sorbitol dehydrogenase was identified as modified protein not previously shown to be targeted by nitration in plants Citrus species
22 leaf proteins overlapped among carbonylation, nitration and nitrosylation were identified in leaves Citrus species
SUMOylation is able to alter protein biochemical activities and interactions
PLANT U-BOX12/13 ( (AtPUB12, PUB12, AT2G28830) /13) action may be required for S-acylation to occur
actin is homologous to proteins demonstrated to undergo nitration
common targets of the three post-translational modifications in leaves included enzymes involved in photosynthesis, energy, defense, amino acid metabolism, cytoskeleton and secondary metabolite biosynthesis Citrus species
spots 1401 and 1402 have same molecular mass but different pI values Salicornia europaea
Rubisco large subunit is homologous to proteins demonstrated to undergo nitration
phosphoglycerate kinase is homologous to proteins demonstrated to undergo nitrosylation
cell-surface proteins (such as receptors) in animals and plants are often glycosylated
(APD9, FGT2, AT5G66080) and PLDα2 can be phosphorylated in vivo phosphorylation
phosphorylation levels of (ACS2, AT-ACC2, AT1G01480) show no differences between mutants and WT Solanum lycopersicum
20S proteasome is homologous to proteins demonstrated to undergo nitration
prohibitin was identified as modified protein not previously shown to be targeted by nitration in plants Citrus species
GLRG_07478 (E3QN96) was N-glycosylated at 10 sites Colletotrichum graminicola
sulfite likely affects proteins by opening S-S bridges in their structures Solanum lycopersicum
proteomic analysis identified a large number of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) Solanum tuberosum
GPI anchor can be cleaved arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs)
predicted targeting peptide of ThrRS–dTP contains four predicted phosphorylation sites
SUMOylation affects subcellular localization of proteins
small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (ATSUMO1, SUM1, SUMO 1, SUMO1, AT4G26840) upregulated by high nitrogen availability at 21 days post-anthesis (DPA) grain development
N-terminal acetyltransferase (Nat) transfers to N-terminal amino acid of target protein
deacetylases remove acetyl modifications
GRXs modulate target protein activities by S-deglutathionylation reactions or reduction of protein disulfide bonds
similar cooperative regulatory mechanisms may modulate diverse cellular processes other than innate immunity
(ATDET1, DET1, FUS2, AT4G10180) could promote CSN-mediated cycles of (ATCUL4, CUL4, AT5G46210) neddylation/deneddylation
post-translational modification of Mn transporters is poorly understood in comparison with post-translational modification of transporters for other microelements such as Fe and Zn
S-nitrosylation can activate or deactivate protein activity
genes in G–G chromatin loops were enriched in protein modification Cichorium intybus
(ML3, AT5G23820) can interact with (ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) and ubiquitin Arabidopsis thaliana
algal PINs lack canonical phosphorylation sites
N-linked protein glycosylation involves N-glycosidic bond
SRN2 has putative GPI anchor residue at C-terminal end Colletotrichum orbiculare
RePRPs are glycosylated in Pro-rich domain Oryza sativa
persulfidation modifies large number of proteins
rice RePRPs are glycoproteins Oryza sativa
(ML3, AT5G23820) interactions with (ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) and ubiquitin in yeast two-hybrid system may be the result of conjugation between bait and prey fusion proteins Arabidopsis thaliana
subcellular redistribution of (IYO, AT4G38440) in transition cells may require posttranslational modifications Arabidopsis thaliana
iodoacetamide is used to alkylate cysteine residues
noncovalent interactions of (ML3, AT5G23820) with (ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) may be reason for identification of (ML3, AT5G23820) in proteomics studies of (ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) conjugates Arabidopsis thaliana
GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) released from membrane become free proteins
D2 is N-alpha-acetylated N-alpha-acetylation
acidic AtFNR1 spot has acetylated Lys-175 and Lys-321 Arabidopsis thaliana
AtFNR isoforms contain conserved N-glycosylation site (Asn-Ala-Thr) Arabidopsis thaliana
plants growing under photorespiratory or nonphotorespiratory conditions show differences in PTMs, such as persulfidation and sulfenylation
other motifs accounted for about one-eighth of all N-glycosylation sites Colletotrichum graminicola
bacterial effectors induce post-translational modifications
AvrRpm1 induces ADP-ribosylation on (AtRIN4, RIN4, AT3G25070) Arabidopsis thaliana
Proteolytic removal of His-tag with factor Xa did not affect enzyme activity of MtNFH1 Medicago truncatula
O-glycosylation of RePRPs could be important for RePRP function Oryza sativa
isoleucine can functionally mimic acetylated threonine
N-terminal acetylation status of OsHYPK in (NAA10, AT5G13780) RNAi plants was reduced to 66.7% compared with 80.6% in wild type reduced N-terminal acetylation of OsHYPK Oryza sativa
sesquiterpenes and triterpenes are required for prenylation of proteins
nonhistone proteins are frequently acetylated
Lysine acetylation (Kac) plays key role in catalytic activity
(ML3, AT5G23820) was identified as putatively NEDD8-modified protein Arabidopsis thaliana
membrane-bound arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) have GPI anchor
protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) have crucial roles in regulating fungal development and virulence Fusarium graminearum
modification and binding of ubiquitin-related proteins to (ML3, AT5G23820) may be suggestive for regulatory interplay between modifier proteins Arabidopsis thaliana
SR protein abundance is substantially regulated by post-translational modifications
O-glycosylation is important protein post-translational modification conserved from bacteria to humans
AvrAC uridylates (APK2A, Kin1, PBL2, AT1G14370)
plant protein phosphorylation has been extensively studied from the perspective of protein kinases (PKs) and phosphorylation
all known GPI-anchoring proteins have hydrophobic C-terminal sequence
(ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) (NEURAL PRECURSOR CELL-EXPRESSED, DEVELOPMENTALLY DOWN-REGULATED PROTEIN8) is ubiquitin-like protein
ubiquitin-conjugated form of (ML3, AT5G23820) does not appear to be neddylated Arabidopsis thaliana
dioxygenase activity of recombinant PCO directly catalyzes Cys-sulfinic acid of synthesized short peptide covering residues 2–11 of ERFVII
CPKs are usually involved in phosphorylation
IP/MS assay verified OsHYPK A2P is not acetylated Oryza sativa
phosphorylation affects RNA-binding properties of (AtC3H66, TZF9, AT5G58620)
InLYP1 may have lipid-binding modification Arabidopsis thaliana
RePRPs fit with GPI-anchoring protein criteria Oryza sativa
OsIAA3(P58L) has single amino acid substitution from Pro to Leu at position 58 Oryza sativa
ubiquitinated forms of (ATFLS2, FLS2, AT5G63580) are almost undetectable in untreated control plants Arabidopsis thaliana
some GPI-APs are further processed through proteolysis
SKU5-SIMILAR (SKS) proteins have GPI anchor
SUMOylation involves SUMO (SMALL UBIQUITIN-LIKE MODIFIER)
(CLE1, AT1G73165) and CLE-RS2 (CLE-RS2 is a post-translationally arabinosylated glycopeptide derived from the CLE domain) undergo post-translational regulation Arabidopsis thaliana
cluster mainly composed by vascular tissues is defined by functions related to ubiquitination Pinus pinaster
mutations in GSNOR1/ (ADH2, ATGSNOR1, GSNOR, HOT5, PAR2, AT5G43940) cause proteome-wide increased S-nitrosylation Arabidopsis thaliana
Met residue removal exposes Cys residue
posttranslational modifications (PTMs) include phosphorylation
bacterial acetyltransferase effector HopZ5 directly modifies (AtRIN4, RIN4, AT3G25070) T166 with acetyl moiety Pseudomonas syringae
thousands of itaconation events have been identified in macrophages
parthenolide can deplete detyrosinated form of α-tubulin Nicotiana tabacum
K63 polyubiquitinated pool of (ATIRT1, IRT1, AT4G19690) is also phosphorylated Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATRBOHD, DELT1, RBOHD, AT5G47910) is regulated by nitrosylation Arabidopsis thaliana
small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (ATSUMO1, SUM1, SUMO 1, SUMO1, AT4G26840) downregulated by high nitrogen availability at 28 days post-anthesis (DPA) grain development
(SIM, AT5G04470) 'VIDL' between positions 256 and 259 had highest prediction score at 38.183, which reached maximum prediction score within peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase (PPIase) peptide sequence
a small fraction of a given protein is SUMOylated
SNOWY COTYLEDON4 (SCO4, AT5G60750) is hypothesized to be required for critical protein modifications within chloroplasts Arabidopsis thaliana
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) achieves primary biological function through post-translational modifications of proteins
S-nitrosylation causes alterations in subcellular localization
posttranslational modifications (PTMs) include N-myristoylation
OsHYPK A2P mutant is predicted non-acetylated N-terminal amino acid Oryza sativa
N-glycosylation directly targeting ER chaperone protein CgCNX1 regulates protein glycosylation Colletotrichum graminicola
posttranslational modifications are crucial for function of BBX proteins
Jab1/MPN domain metalloenzyme (JAMM) motif is critical for COP9's (ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) isopeptidase activity
AGP domain is core protein backbone for the linking of glycosylated side chains by Hyp residues
proper GPI processing relies on C-terminal hydrophobic residues
S-nitrosylation is enzyme-independent protein modification
sumoylation of (AtSTOP1, STOP1, AT1G34370) is hypothesized to be a signal for ubiquitination of (AtSTOP1, STOP1, AT1G34370)
ADP-ribosylation activity is reminiscent of protein poly(ADP-ribosy)lation (PARylation) by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs)
proteins expressed in vivo have post-translational modifications Arabidopsis thaliana
major lipid droplet protein (MLDP) lacks putative conserved site for prenylation Dunaliella bardawil
SRN proteins expressed in transient expression system were predicted to be modified posttranslationally Cucumis sativus
N α-acetylation of proteins is major posttranslational modification (PTM) taking place in eukaryotes
clock proteins have multiple layers of post-translational modifications (PTMs)
RCS such as hydroxynonenal (HNE), acrolein, and malondialdehyde react with nucleophilic groups in biomolecules
ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is subject to several forms of post-translational modification (PTM)
phosphoglycerate kinase activity changes upon Lys acetylation
N α-acetylation occurs preferentially at Ala, (REM11, VAL, AT5G60140) and Ser Arabidopsis thaliana
interaction with TGB1 disturbs or disrupts NbHIPP26 lipidation Nicotiana benthamiana
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) catalyses transfer of ADP-ribose groups from NAD to nuclear protein acceptors
identified glycoproteins were involved in GPI anchor modification Colletotrichum graminicola
N-glycosylation directly targeting ER chaperone protein CgCNX1 regulates protein processing Colletotrichum graminicola
2-hydroxyisobuturylation is lysine modification Oryza sativa
AtFNR isoforms lack evidence for in vivo phosphorylation Arabidopsis thaliana
basic AtFNR1b spot contains none or very few N-alpha-acetylated peptides Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATFTA, FTA, PFT/PGGT-IALPHA, PLP, AT3G59380) (α-subunit of protein farnesyltransferase) is common subunit shared by farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase type I Arabidopsis thaliana
critical conserved residues some of which are modified by phosphorylation Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana leaf-type FERREDOXIN-NADP+ OXIDOREDUCTASE (FNR) isoforms exist as two distinct forms with different isoelectric points Arabidopsis thaliana
dithiol–disulfide exchange reactions participate in post-translational modification of proteins
N α-acetylation has been described in nucleus- and chloroplast-encoded plastid proteins
acetylation of Lys-321/330 is plausible to affect enzyme activity Arabidopsis thaliana
D1 is N-alpha-acetylated N-alpha-acetylation
similar N-terminal peptides were also identified in nonacetylated forms Arabidopsis thaliana
in vitro phosphorylation of pea FNR has been detected Pisum sativum
351 total N-glycosylated proteins 57.3% had only one N-glycosylation site Colletotrichum graminicola
GPI anchor is added to C terminus of protein
(ATRUB1, NEDD8, RUB1, AT1G31340) and ubiquitin modification and interactions with (ML3, AT5G23820) are very intriguing Arabidopsis thaliana
signal proteins involved in pollen tube guidance require modifications occurring in the ER Arabidopsis thaliana
all membrane-bound AtFNR forms show no reliable detection of methylation Arabidopsis thaliana
posttranslational modifications induce changes of metabolic activities
second amino acid is Ala, Gly, Pro, Ser, or Thr leads to removal of initiating Met by Met aminopeptidase Solanum tuberosum
Met was removed when second side chain was Lys, Ala, Pro, Ser, Thr, or (REM11, VAL, AT5G60140) and not removed when it was Lys, Asn, Asp, or Gln Solanum tuberosum
phosphorylation of NON-EXPRESSOR OF PR GENES 1 (ATNPR1, NIM1, NPR1, SAI1, AT1G64280) did not increase proportionally to increase in NON-EXPRESSOR OF PR GENES 1 (ATNPR1, NIM1, NPR1, SAI1, AT1G64280) monomers in low R:FR
corresponding residue in AtFNR2 was not acetylated Arabidopsis thaliana
Met sulfoxidation followed by Pro oxidation (either hydroxylation or carbonylation) and Lys hydroxylation Solanum tuberosum
many low-abundance proteins (−4.65 to −3.0 [log10 (dNSAF)]) also showed large number of oxidation sites, up to 25 sites Solanum tuberosum
lipoic acid (LA) is covalently attached to ε-amino group of lysyl residue
acetylation of Lys-175 in AtFNR1 and lack of acetylation in AtFNR2 could confer distinguishing features between the isoforms Arabidopsis thaliana
arabinogalactan proteins are highly glycosylated proteins
ATP synthase undergoes Lys acetylation
rNAD-ME1 had constitutive (PPDK, AT4G15530) phosphorylation throughout 24-h cycle Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi
chloroplast proteins are modified by phosphorylation
phosphorylation tends to occur in disordered regions of CELLULOSE SYNTHASE A (CESA) protein
phosphorylation in N-terminal region of CELLULOSE SYNTHASE A (CESA) alters interactions of cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs) with proteins anchoring them to cytoskeleton
level of ubiquitylated species did not differ among WT, (APG7, ATAPG7, ATATG7, ATG7, PEUP4, AT5G45900) (AtNBR1, NBR1, AT4G24690) and double mutants under non-stressed conditions
Acetylation of Lys was not found to be light responsive
acetylation of Lys residues is one of multiple regulatory levels of AtFNR Arabidopsis thaliana
two mitochondrially encoded proteins were identified with intact N termini Solanum tuberosum
rPPDK1 had phosphorylation level of PPC very similar to wild type Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi
YFP-GS protein exhibits multiple and/or smeared bands
AI cell shows enrichment in GO terms associated with ribosome biogenesis, translation, protein modification, intracellular transport, substrate-specific transporters, ion channel activity, kinase activity, and DNA replication Hieracium praealtum
NAP1-family proteins are known to be regulated by phosphorylation Arabidopsis thaliana
Lys acetylation (Lys acetylation) is modification of side chain amino group of Lys residues
acidic AtFNR1 and AtFNR2 spots contain N-alpha-acetylated peptides Arabidopsis thaliana
posttranslational N-alpha-acetylation (Nα-acetylation) targets mature nucleus-encoded chloroplast proteins
Lys acetylation occurs in nonhistone proteins