| Fn3 domain in GH3 β-xylosidase |
might be involved in |
anchoring enzyme on large polymeric substrates and thermostability |
|
| RhNAC100-Enhanced GFP fusion protein localization to nucleus |
supports |
theory that RhNAC100 is a transcription factor |
|
| six convergent shifts in FT |
were located in |
critical sites that may influence enzyme function |
|
| N. benthamiana ortholog of (PBS1, AT5G13160) (PGSC0003DMP400014933) |
does not substitute for |
Arabidopsis (PBS1, AT5G13160) when conducting transient expression assays |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| Slr1064 |
needs to bind to membrane to perform |
its function |
Synechocystis |
| artificial excision of (ATSYP132, SYP132, AT5G08080) (DDP1, PTM, AT5G35210) region |
severely interfered with |
normal (ATSYP132, SYP132, AT5G08080) activity |
Oryza sativa |
| distinct or overlapping patterns of gene expression and subcellular localization |
could be further investigated to explore |
functional divergence or redundancy of MCTP members |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NRC-like helper NLRs |
if form complex with Rx1, might be |
candidates for which sequestering in nonfunctional complex would affect resistance |
|
| expression of this mutant |
does not |
affect other resistance proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| glycine to charged residue substitution in BUZZ catalytic domain |
might affect |
catalytic properties of BUZZ |
Brachypodium distachyon |
| AtRPL10B expressed under (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) promoter |
showed complementation with |
slower growth rate than (GAL1, GALK, AT3G06580) promoter |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| function of RhNAC100m |
supposed to be |
identical to RhNAC100 |
|
| rhd3-1 point mutant |
exerts dominant-negative effect on |
RHD3-like (RL) proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtRPL10B-GFP fusion protein |
is functional in |
Arabidopsis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ZmRCAα protein |
contains |
two conserved ATP-binding domains |
Zea mays |
| intron-containing mRNAs for OsNF-YA4 and OsWRKY55 |
exert function similar to |
protein encoded by CS transcript |
|
| mutated versions of (ALMT12, ATALMT12, QUAC1, AT4G17970) ALMT13 and ALMT14 |
are |
nonfunctional in triple mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| residual levels of mutated (GOM8, RHD3, AT3G13870) in -1 |
may have |
dominant-negative effect on Arabidopsis development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PnTGS1 proteins |
complementation in yeast ∆tgs1 mutants expressing |
full-length and truncated PnTGS1 proteins |
Paspalum notatum |
| artificial excision of (ATSYP132, SYP132, AT5G08080) (DDP1, PTM, AT5G35210) region |
has |
dominant-negative effect |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) proteins |
are functionally equivalent to |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| RALPH effector BEC1054 in Bgh |
was shown to have |
ribosomal RNA-binding capabilities |
Blumeria graminis |
| C terminus of SKRP |
is critical for |
function of SKRP |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| UspA proteins in plants |
little functional information on |
prior to this study |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| G-to-A mutation at codon 246 in (AtSAMS3, MAT4, MTO3, SAMS3, AT3G17390) |
is different from |
(AtSAMS3, MAT4, MTO3, SAMS3, AT3G17390) mutation in ATP binding site |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (OHP, OHP1, PDE335, AT5G02120) and (OHP2, AT1G34000) |
do not functionally complement |
each other |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| loss-of-function mutants of Arabidopsis (RPS2, uS2C, ATCG00160) with alterations in CC domain |
suppress |
activity of wild-type (RPS2, uS2C, ATCG00160) expressed in same Arabidopsis background |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| weaker activation observed for LG3 |
suggests |
more divergent binding properties |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| coexpression of CC, CC-NB-ARC, NB-ARC, or LRR with full-length Rx1 |
leads to |
dominant negative suppression of Rx1-mediated resistance and cell death |
|
| LRR domain |
is important for |
LRX function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| truncated Rx1 protein lacking CC domain |
was functionally complemented by |
coexpressed full-length Gpa2 protein |
|
| activity of chimeric Mi constructs |
was suppressed only by |
N-terminal domain originating from same Mi protein as LRR in chimeric construct |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| PrxQA localization pattern in stromules |
suggests |
unexpected function of PrxQA in stromules |
Physcomitrella patens |
| G-to-A mutation at codon 246 in (AtSAMS3, MAT4, MTO3, SAMS3, AT3G17390) |
occurs in |
conserved amino acid involved in binding Met |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Homo sapiens |
| RanGAP2-bound and free pools of Rx1 in cell |
differ in |
activity or stability |
|
| Arabidopsis homologs of mitochondrial GrpE co-chaperone and (HSP70, AT4G16660) |
apparent co-expression suggests |
similar functional relationship |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| functions of mucin-like proteins in insects |
are largely |
unknown |
|
| SNP −85A/G and 4.5-kb insertion |
substantially affect |
functions of BrpHL1b in Bre |
Brassica rapa |
| much smaller segments of CC of Rx1 |
are still |
functional in trans with NB-ARC-LRR |
|
| kinase surface domain |
is not involved in |
ATP binding |
Hordeum vulgare |
| similar autoactive mutant of resistance protein Rpi-blb1 from Solanum bulbocastanum |
is not |
suppressed by LRR of Prf |
Solanum bulbocastanum |
| IDS1 protein amount |
increases |
IDS1 enzyme activity |
Picea glauca |
| NB domain |
when tested for dominant negative activity, did not have |
suppressive effect on Rx1-mediated resistance |
|
| not all Pm3 variants that interact |
have |
suppressive effect |
Triticum aestivum |
| key individual residues in these channels |
determine |
important properties of channels |
|
| (PCK2, PEPCK, AT5G65690) |
has |
pleiotropic activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| these proteins |
may have |
some function independent of cytokinin |
Oryza sativa |
| self-association |
is required for |
functioning of several other CC- and TIR-NB-LRR proteins |
|
| mutation in 12th repeat of LRR of (EMB3113, PRPS5, RPS5, SCA1, uS5c, AT2G33800) |
inactivates |
(EMB3113, PRPS5, RPS5, SCA1, uS5c, AT2G33800) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| modifications occurring in the ER |
are required for |
functionality of signal proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Substitution E572K in (EMB3113, PRPS5, RPS5, SCA1, uS5c, AT2G33800) |
surprisingly also |
suppresses subset of other NB-LRRs in Arabidopsis not limited to CC-NB-LRR proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| insertion in the D-loop of NBD1 |
might interfere with |
nucleotide binding |
Zea mays |
| CC-NB-ARC of Pm3 proteins |
in contrast to what we observe for |
Rx1 |
Triticum aestivum |
| dominant negative activities |
can be |
informative on functional mechanisms of protein |
|
| residues in helix 4 of CC required for interaction with (RANGAP2, AT5G19320) |
are also required for |
suppressive effect of CC |
|
| FLS2-epitope fusions |
have been assumed to be |
functional |
|
| (GAUT13, AT3G01040) and (GAUT14, AT5G15470) |
share overlapping function with |
(GAUT12, IRX8, LGT6, AT5G54690) |
|
| (AtGRF7, GRF7, AT5G53660) and (AtGRF9, GRF9, AT2G45480) |
may be equivalent to |
other GRFs, at least at the protein level |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATEXO70H4, EXO70H4, AT3G09520) function |
is highly specific |
(ATEXO70H4, EXO70H4, AT3G09520) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATCBL2, CBL2, SCaBP1, AT5G55990) |
rely on PAT10 for |
functionality |
|
| Citrine insertion |
does not obstruct |
protein activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| helper NLRs |
might have taken over |
role in signaling from Rx1 that autoactive CC domains of MLA-like proteins possess |
|
| Bs2 |
shows |
similar dependence on NRCs as Rx1 |
|
| different C-terminal domains of different TOLs |
contribute to |
distinct localization and function |
|
| (PP7L, AT5G10900) mutant phenotype |
may be due to |
ectopic activity of (MAIL3, AT1G48120) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CaDeSI2 localization in nucleus and cytoplasm |
indicates |
CaDeSI2 plays roles in both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| differentially abundant proteins |
were enriched in |
Gene Ontology (GO) term Intrinsic Component of Membrane |
Oryza sativa |
| three conserved histidine motifs in membrane-bound FA desaturases |
are required for |
catalytic activity |
|
| difference in subcellular localization of (ATBPM1, BPM1, AT5G19000) and (ATCUL3, ATCUL3A, CUL3, CUL3A, AT1G26830) |
imply |
potentially unrelated functions of (ATBPM1, BPM1, AT5G19000) when deprived of (ATCUL3, ATCUL3A, CUL3, CUL3A, AT1G26830) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (VUP1, AT3G21710) and its close homologs |
may act as |
regulatory proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plant lipoate-protein ligases lacking C-terminal domain |
are not |
bifunctional |
|
| SNP in fgt2-1 |
causes amino acid exchange from leucine to phenylalanine at position 44 of |
(APD9, FGT2, AT5G66080) /P2C79 protein |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| point mutation Leu51Arg in AQP5 |
converted |
AQP5 from a water channel to an anion channel |
|
| absence of NLS2 in GmPRR3b H6 |
may reduce but not abolish |
biological activity of GmPRR3b H6 |
Glycine max |
| at least four or more transmembrane domains |
are required for |
functional transport protein |
|
| site-directed mutagenesis studies |
indicate |
indel does not account for lack of catalytic activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SPA family members ( (SPA1, AT2G46340) to (SPA4, AT1G53090) ) |
exhibit |
partially overlapping functions and differential pattern of expression |
|
| GmPRR3b H6 |
has |
moderate activity in comparison with GmPRR3b H4 |
Glycine max |
| substitution of (CLE7, AT2G31082) signal peptide with rice signal peptide |
attenuated |
overexpression phenotypes of (CLE7, AT2G31082) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Gnd protein |
might have |
moonlight function |
Synechocystis |
| proteins |
carry out |
most biological activities |
|
| disrupting either the ubiquitination of, or ubiquitin binding by, (TOL6, AT2G38410) |
affected |
localization and function of the protein |
|
| missing amino acid residue 125A |
is |
dispensable for (HEMG2, MEE61, PPO2, AT5G14220) function |
Hordeum vulgare |
| Mi-ASP2 |
may have an additional role in |
plant cell |
|
| overexpression of AFP fusion proteins |
might affect |
native function of the fusion protein |
|
| dimer |
is |
structure basis for nucleating and bundling activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| S328 |
is |
necessary for (ATEXO70A1, EXO70A1, AT5G03540) function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OFP3-Flag fusion proteins |
are functional in |
plants |
Oryza sativa |
| (AtCLE6, CLE6, AT2G31085) and (CLE7, AT2G31082) proteins with substituted signal peptides |
attenuated ability to |
substitute for (AtCLV3, CLV3, AT2G27250) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TOL6:ubq I44A:Ven construct |
completely restored the ability to function like |
wild-type TOL6:Ven |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TOL6:ubq I44A:Ven |
was not compromised in |
functionality |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GFP-Mp myosin XI-tail |
acts as |
dominant negative |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| glycolytic enzymes |
are |
well-known examples of moonlighting proteins |
|
| similarities between diatom Lhcx and LhcSR proteins |
is based on |
assumption of direct activation of Lhcx proteins |
|
| PfLCAT-PLA |
may have |
currently unknown physiological functions in non-seed tissues |
Physaria |
| 3D structure of signaling peptides and effectors |
is important for |
functions of (ASL29, LBD27, SCP, AT3G47870) and Alt-A1 effectors |
|
| intron-encoded proteins (IEPs) |
contain |
maturase domain |
|
| N-terminal acidic domain |
is directly involved in |
functional specialization among (ATTOC159, PPI2, TOC159, TOC160, TOC86, AT4G02510) family receptors |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| kelch motif-containing superfamily members |
have |
diverse activities |
|
| repetitions in C-terminal region of (AtDRB1, DRB1, HYL1, AT1G09700) |
suggest |
functionality of C-terminal region |
|
| function of (ADT5, AT5G22630) in the nucleus |
is currently |
unknown |
|
| ribosomal protein-defective mutants |
highlight |
extra and unique functions of ribosomal proteins |
|
| ubiquitin-binding domain-containing proteins and their potential post-translational modifications |
illustrates how |
ubiquitin receptors can control cellular functions |
|
| oligosaccharides released from AGPs |
might execute |
function of AGPs |
|
| C-terminal truncation mutants (Δ9 and Δ33) in yeast Mrs6p (REP) |
are viable and only marginally affected |
in function |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| non-vesicular ER to Golgi transfer of PtdIns |
does not reflect |
critical (ATSEC14, SEC14, AT4G39180) activity in vivo |
|
| phosphorylation potential of C-terminal region |
suggests |
functionality of C-terminal region |
|
| Ala111Thr substitution between the Clipper and Sahara 3771 HvCBL4 proteins |
is located outside of regions expected to participate directly in |
homodimerization, Ca2+ binding, N-myristoylation, S-acylation, or binding to a (ATSOS2, CIPK24, SNRK3.11, SOS2, AT5G35410) homologue protein |
Hordeum vulgare |
| transplastomic tobacco line HisBjCHI1-4 |
has chitinase activity of |
0.028 U μg−1 min−1 |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| G225 of GhECR2 |
was shown to be essential for |
GhECR2 activity |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| (AHG1, AT5G51760) and (AHG3, ATPP2CA, PP2CA, AT3G11410) |
have |
overlapping and distinctive functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| V352E substitution |
may confer |
protein stability or stimulate (ACS2, AT-ACC2, AT1G01480) catalytic activity |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| G40 residue in (FLA19, AT1G15190) |
has |
indispensable roles in the normal function of FLA19s in plants |
|
| RALPHs lack of RNase activity |
may suggest |
structural scaffold role |
|
| sequence modification to S-subunit residues |
far from catalytic sites on L-subunit have pervasive effect on |
kinetic properties of enzyme |
|
| I231 of GhECR2 |
was shown to be essential for |
GhECR2 activity |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| native folds |
are required for |
activity of some (ASL29, LBD27, SCP, AT3G47870) |
|
| sugar chain modification |
may directly affect |
protein function |
|
| (TOL6, AT2G38410) mislocalization |
results in |
overall loss in functionality |
|
| high sequence similarity (92%) |
suggest |
potential for redundant substrates |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ferredoxin affinity of p FNR |
changes with |
different N-terminal start points |
Triticum aestivum |
| WUS-box |
is essential for |
all activities of (PGA6, WUS, WUS1, AT2G17950) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATIREG3, FPN3, IREG3, MAR1, RTS3, AT5G26820) |
was previously reported as |
MULTIPLE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE 1 (ATIREG3, FPN3, IREG3, MAR1, RTS3, AT5G26820) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Frq1 |
is |
essential Pik1 co-factor |
|
| all subunits of plant AGPase |
are required for |
normal enzyme function |
|
| (SPPA, SPPA1, AT1G73990) structure |
suggests that |
only one of the catalytic domains is active |
|
| (ATSAGT1, GT, SAGT1, SGT1, UGT74F2, AT2G43820) |
has |
multiple sites of action inside the cell |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plant targets of RKN candidate effectors |
suggest a role inside |
plant cells |
|
| p FNRI KKVS |
has |
highest catalytic efficiency of four p FNR isoforms |
Triticum aestivum |
| ability of enzyme to move and change shape |
might be important in |
holding ferredoxin substrate |
Triticum aestivum |
| increase in thylakoid membrane-associated Rubisco activase (TM–RCA) under conditions without heat stress |
indicates |
TM–RCA may have other unrecognized functions besides protection |
|
| distinct subcellular localization patterns |
might account for |
distinct functions of (ARAC4, ATRAC4, ATROP2, ROP2, AT1G20090) and (ARAC3, ATROP6, RAC3, RHO1PS, ROP6, AT4G35020) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Egl-27 and MTA1 |
are functionally |
redundant |
Caenorhabditis elegans |
| (FMO GS-OX1, AT1G65860) |
is still functional after fusion with |
YFP |
|
| differences in phenotype |
must be caused by |
the expressed protein |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| carbohydrate moiety of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) |
is crucial for |
functional diversity of AGPs |
|
| TRXz redox activity |
may be |
dispensable |
|
| post-translational modifications |
may not influence |
(CCT, CRP, MED12, AT4G00450) functions |
|
| (AtVIP1, SUE3, VIP1, AT1G43700) |
is |
VIRE2-INTERACTING PROTEIN1 (AtVIP1, VIH2, VIP1, AT3G01310) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| N-terminal flap (and its length) |
plays an important role in |
holding ferredoxin substrate |
Triticum aestivum |
| MPR1 |
might serve |
some physiological function |
|
| type V barley |
is likely to be affected in |
(PPO, TOPP2, AT5G59160) activity |
Hordeum vulgare |
| transplastomic tobacco line HisBjCHI1-4 |
shows greater than 2-fold increase in |
chitinase activity |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| increase in Trx activity at 14 days of treatment |
implied that |
PsTrx o 1 is active in this condition |
Pisum sativum |
| aberrant tertiary structure |
causes |
inactivity |
Pisum sativum |
| transglycosylase enzymatic (XET) activity and xyloglucan hydrolase activity (XEH) |
are not correlated with |
protein structure |
|
| electronegative surface of CrTRXz |
supports |
important function for type-z physiological functions in plants |
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii |
| BjCET3 and BjCET4 |
may have |
similar functions in the plant |
Brassica juncea |
| molecular mechanism of action of AGPs |
is still |
elusive |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| p FNRI SKKQ |
has half the catalytic efficiency of |
p FNRI KKVS |
Triticum aestivum |
| (ATPUMP1, ATUCP1, PUMP1, UCP, UCP1, AT3G54110) homologues ( (ATUCP2, PUMP2, UCP2, AT5G58970) and (UCP3, AT1G14140) in mammals, plant ) |
have physiological role that |
continues to be a matter of intense debate |
|
| (EMB2444, JANUS, AT2G18510) kinases (JAKs) |
have |
two-faced function |
|
| (SPT, AT4G36930) |
may often have |
redundantly acting partners |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CCT, CRP, MED12, AT4G00450) motif |
is |
critical functional domain for transcription factors |
Oryza sativa |
| aberrant basal behavior of FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (ATFLS2, FLS2, AT5G63580) C1132,1135 S mutant |
does not exist when compared with |
FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (ATFLS2, FLS2, AT5G63580) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| purified SIE141 |
determined to be biologically active in |
co-incubation with (ATCDSP32, CDSP32, TRXL1, AT1G76080) in enhancing oxidoreductase activity |
|
| cyclophilins |
encode |
unique functions |
|
| Met-309 to Ile substitution |
could not explain |
altered kinetic phenotype |
|
| cloned FA |
encodes |
functional protein |
Capsicum frutescens; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| C-terminal half of R2R3-MYB proteins |
confers |
specific biological functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| galectin/galactose-binding domain |
can be found in |
a number of glycosyltransferases |
|
| FDM1-reporter relocation |
coincided with |
defects in additional members of gene family |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plant PP2C isoforms |
are associated with |
diverse functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Oryza sativa |
| SNP at position 618 in Ghd7 |
is located in |
(CCT, CRP, MED12, AT4G00450) motif |
Oryza sativa |
| Topo6B |
has |
conserved ATP binding and hydrolysis domains |
|
| seedlings from all three different seed classes of (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) homozygous mutant |
lack |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis ACBPs with similar subcellular localization and binding affinities |
may share |
overlapping roles |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| predicted domains |
were |
functional |
|
| ARM repeat domain |
could represent |
structural or protein interaction domain unique to the functions of plant and protozoan FU proteins |
|
| structural disorder of RNA chaperones |
is considered to be important for |
RNA chaperone function |
|
| loss of mid-SUN proteins |
cannot be functionally compensated by |
Cter-SUNs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PAP10, TRX P, TRX z, AT3G06730) |
stands out from |
other TRXs that appear to have at least overlapping functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| present data |
do not rule out |
function for (ATIPT1, IPT1, AT1G68460) in the cytosol and mitochondria |
Physcomitrella patens |
| differences in protein interaction strength |
have bearing on |
functional significance of protein complexes in planta |
|
| (FER, AT3G51550) |
can adopt |
at least two active configurations |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| R588 residue |
is not part of |
QXXRW motif (791–795 in OsCesA9) |
Oryza sativa |
| grass CCR proteins |
possess |
NADPH binding site |
|
| alternative splicing |
regulates |
enzymatic characteristics |
|
| AtRPL10B expressed under GDP promoter |
showed complementation with |
lower growth rate than endogenous (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) protein |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| DAGK fusion proteins |
retained |
activity |
Escherichia coli |
| RING FINGER OF SEED LONGEVITY1 (RSL1)/RING FINGER ABA-RELATED (RFA) E3 ligases family |
show |
distinct functions |
|
| glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring |
is crucial for |
protein function |
|
| PUB-ARM proteins |
may possess |
plant-specific functions |
Marchantia polymorpha |
| secreted 8CM |
is sufficient for |
HyPRP1 functions |
Capsicum annuum; Nicotiana benthamiana |
| novel roles of prolyl isomerases |
are unrelated to |
heat-shock response |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Vitreoscilla VHb |
may substitute the function of |
endogenous hemoglobins (Hbs) |
hybrid aspen |
| RfCTD |
is essential for |
proper functioning of (RPF2, AT1G62670) (NAD6, ATMG00270) protein in mitochondria |
|
| SDE2-UBL |
plays regulatory role in |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Homo sapiens |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe; Homo sapiens |
| DAGK fusion proteins |
remain |
functional |
|
| carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM) |
enable |
substrate selection and localization |
|
| AtRPL10C expressed under GDP promoter |
showed complementation with |
lower growth rate than endogenous (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) protein |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| complex interaction and heterologous γ subunit function |
does not require |
GBD |
|
| VirE2-GFP11 |
is functional like |
VirE2 |
|
| ANU10:GFP fusion protein |
retains sufficient activity to |
complement anu10-1 mutant phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Tyr224 |
reveals the essential role of |
this tyrosine |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtERF#092, ERF1, ERF1B, AT3G23240) binding partners |
determine |
(AtERF#092, ERF1, ERF1B, AT3G23240) function |
|
| Tyr207 |
suggests |
important role |
|
| some Arabidopsis ACBPs |
perform |
distinct cellular functions in vivo |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BnaGLN1.2 and BnaGLN1.3 protein |
conserves |
K49 and A174 residues |
Brassica napus |
| SlCDF genes |
display |
additional functions |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| closely related WRKY proteins such as (ATWRKY18, WRKY18, AT4G31800) (ATWRKY40, WRKY40, AT1G80840) and (ATWRKY60, WRKY60, AT2G25000) |
have revealed |
cooperative effects of functional interactions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| truncated protein |
could retain |
some enzymatic function |
Zea mays |
| FDM reporter proteins |
provides evidence for |
distinct roles of FDM proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TaNPSN11/TaSYP132 interaction |
suggests |
functional differences among NPSN members |
Triticum aestivum |
| C terminus of (MSL3, AT1G58200) |
is required for |
function separable from MS-ion-channel activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| engineering increasingly positive charge into (OPS, AT3G09070) phosphosite |
creates progressively more active |
(OPS, AT3G09070) variants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| water permeability |
is only one of |
multiple functions of AQPs |
|
| AtMRI R240C structural variant |
functions as |
overactive protein version |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| truncated product of 69 000 kDa |
may still demonstrate |
partial activity |
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii |
| truncated (ATTOP6B, BIN3, HLQ, HYP6, RHL3, TOP6B, AT3G20780) protein |
has |
mutation of a highly conserved aliphatic residue in the ATP-binding site |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transport |
is |
third largest functional category of triticale stigma proteins |
Triticale |
| This situation |
suggests that |
this variant may interfere weakly with endogenous LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) protein |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis (AKIN10, KIN10, SnRK1, SnRK1α1, SNRK1.1, AT3G01090) regulatory subunit gamma (KINγ; (KING1, KINgamma, AT3G48530) ) |
was not shown to complement |
yeast (ATSNF4, KINbeta-gamma, SNF4, AT1G09020) γ subunit mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| βγ subunit |
functionally complements |
yeast γ subunit (ATSNF4, KINbeta-gamma, SNF4, AT1G09020) mutant |
|
| GOLD but not the CC domain in p24δ5 |
required for |
effect of p24δ5 on steady-state localization of ERD2a and on secretion of HDEL ligands |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| GT14 family |
currently little functional knowledge regarding |
in plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| altered secondary or tertiary structures of (ZAR1, AT3G50950) protein |
could affect |
protein functions of (ATSS1, SS1, AT5G24300) and (ATNS1, NS1, OVA8, AT4G17300) alleles |
Zea mays |
| distinct but somewhat overlapping nature of both structure and expression |
would make it possible for |
complex functional interactions among closely related WRKY proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (FDM1, IDNL1, IDP1, AT1G15910) relocation to cytoplasm |
is further suggestive of |
essential role for cytoplasmic FDM localization |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ASR1-family proteins |
probably have |
dual functions as chaperones in cytosol and transcriptional regulators in nucleus |
|
| (EMB2279, EMB88, SOT5, AT1G30610) encoding the 978-amino acid polypeptide |
is |
functional |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (OHP, OHP1, PDE335, AT5G02120) and (OHP2, AT1G34000) |
have |
distinct functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| role of CC in Rx1 |
is probably |
relatively small |
|
| two proteases ( (CLPR4, HON5, AT4G17040) and (FTSH2, VAR2, AT2G30950) ) |
function |
independently |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| heterologous γ subunit function |
depends on |
highly conserved CBS domain |
|
| one truncating (PGRL2, AT5G59400) mutation |
rendered |
PGR5-LIKE2 (PGRL2, AT5G59400) function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rhm1-2 and rhm1-3 alleles |
have |
compensatory effects on (ATRHM1, RHM1, ROL1, AT1G78570) function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| the D1 domain in Arabidopsis |
is dispensable for |
AtBASL function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PRT1, AT3G24800) |
is |
one of two characterized RING-domain proteins with functional requirement for RING domain |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phosphorus |
is necessary for |
enzyme activation |
|
| (RCA, AT2G39730) sensitivity |
is conferred by |
two Cys residues in the carboxy terminus of the α-isoform |
|
| remaining protein sequence |
is important for |
full protein function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SNP and resulting substitution of Asp with Gly in coiled-coil domain |
caused |
loss of ATPase activity in (PAS2, PEP, PEPINO, AT5G10480) |
Cucumis sativus |
| each sampled species |
is likely to have |
at least one fully catalytic ClpP subunit |
|
| TILLING point mutations |
may not fully disrupt |
protein function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YFP or CFP tag |
may interfere with |
HEMERA (HMR, PAP5, PTAC12, TAC12, AT2G34640) function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 8CM-containing proteins |
include those with |
lipid transfer function |
|
| START domain proteins |
show overlap between |
developmental and disease-related gene functions |
|
| mis-regulated proteins in clpR4-3 |
are mainly enriched in |
protein folding and degradation, PSII biogenesis, plastid gene expression, oxidative defense, carbohydrate metabolism |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| novel forms of a protein |
have |
new functions |
|
| closely related WRKY proteins such as (ATWRKY18, WRKY18, AT4G31800) (ATWRKY40, WRKY40, AT1G80840) and (ATWRKY60, WRKY60, AT2G25000) |
have revealed |
antagonistic effects of functional interactions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RING-finger domain in STF family proteins |
is unclear whether critical for |
mobility properties and opposite symbiotic functions |
Glycine max |
| individual cyclophilins |
was found to be |
not essential |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| CPA2 |
is |
dispensable for growth and virulence in the presence of Cpa1 |
Cryptococcus neoformans |
| tomato LeSNF4 γ-like subunit |
did complement |
yeast (ATSNF4, KINbeta-gamma, SNF4, AT1G09020) γ subunit mutant |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| GBD |
may have |
plant-specific functions |
|
| mutations in helicase motifs I and Ia |
abolish |
ATPase activity |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| number of interacting partners of OsSUV3 |
suggests that OsSUV3 might be involved in |
diverse cellular activities |
Oryza sativa |
| octuplet mutant lacking all eight cyclophilins |
showed little or no evidence for |
functional redundancy |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| amino-terminal region in some BBK proteins |
is shown to have |
functional role |
|
| the inability to self-associate |
leads to |
a non-functional protein |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 22 unique mis-regulated proteins in 47-2 |
function in |
same processes as described for (CLPR4, HON5, AT4G17040) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| truncated β3 protein |
is functional in |
yeast cells |
|
| cysteine residue C187 |
is important for |
enzyme activity |
Euonymus alatus |
| STD1 kinesin motor domain |
contains |
three well-conserved ATP binding sites |
Oryza sativa |
| recombinant protein GST-DRIF1 |
was |
functional |
Escherichia coli |
| MAIN-LIKE1 (MAIL1, AT2G25010) |
is |
plant-specific aminotransferase-like protein with plant mobile domain |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| serine residue S253 |
is essential for |
EaDAcT activity |
Euonymus alatus |
| single or double amino acid residues |
differed between |
GSTs with low and high activity |
Vitis vinifera; Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana; Petunia hybrida |
| full length of (NRPB1, RNA_POL_II_LS, RNA_POL_II_LSRNA_POL_II_LS, RPB1, AT4G35800) CTD |
function is unknown in |
plants |
|
| (AT-NHX1, ATNHX, ATNHX1, NHX1, AT5G27150) proteins bearing deletions of the CBD |
were unable to suppress |
sensitivity of the (AT-NHX1, ATNHX, ATNHX1, NHX1, AT5G27150) mutant to HygB |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| deletion of 16 amino acids (194–209) including the last 4 amino acids of PAP/5A core region |
completely abolished |
nucleotidyl transferase activity of (HESO1, AT2G39740) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATSYP73, SYP73, AT3G61450) fusion |
is |
functional |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| conserved sequence motifs |
are |
critical as protein domains |
Zea mays |
| (BZR1, AT1G75080) 2K/R-GFP |
was acting in |
dominant-negative manner |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protein in Mp spl1-35 GOF |
was likely |
functional transcription factor |
Marchantia polymorpha |
| phenotypes conferred by N-terminally tagged SAUR19–24 fusion proteins |
are the result of |
gain-of-function activity conferred by the tag |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protein–protein interactions |
will validate |
hypothesis about class II TPS protein function |
Zea mays |
| COMATOSE (ABCD1, ACN2, AtABCD1, CTS, PED3, PXA1, AT4G39850) transporter |
requires both halves for |
function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| loss of SBP domain |
abolishes |
transcription factor function |
Marchantia polymorpha |
| group I family of plant formin proteins |
could act in parallel mechanism to |
NET1 and NET2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rhm1-2 and rhm1-3 missense mutants |
may have |
antimorphic activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| three of six convergent shifts in FT |
were in |
active sites or binding sites |
|
| WW domain of (TGS1, AT1G45231) |
suggests |
other unknown activities |
|
| composition of individual complexes |
bestows |
functional flexibility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lack of HisPheAsp motif in expansin-like (AtNPF6.3, ATNRT1, B-1, CHL1, CHL1-1, NPF6.3, NRT1, NRT1.1, AT1G12110) protein |
might indicate that it |
functions differently than α-expansins and β-expansins |
|
| multiple C2 domains in MCTPs |
may be cooperative to play |
important role in mediating MCTP interaction with target protein(s), their subcellular localization, and subsequent biological effects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| local disruptions of CC structure |
were tested for impact on |
interactions of CC with NB-ARC-LRR and (RANGAP2, AT5G19320) and functionality of Rx1 |
Solanum tuberosum |
| suppressive activity by CC domain |
appears |
specific |
|
| loss-of-function mutants of (RPS2, uS2C, ATCG00160) with changes in nucleotide-binding site |
do not |
display suppressive effect |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| family of EF hand Ca-binding motif containing calmodulin-like (CML) proteins |
are of |
unknown function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YISY motif |
is |
characteristic essential for RALF activity |
|
| AtRPL10B-GFP fusion protein |
can complement |
(RPL10B, uL16y, AT1G26910) mutant plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| qSW5 / GW5 |
encodes |
calmodulin-binding protein |
Oryza sativa |
| GBD (glycogen-binding domain) in AMPK |
has been evaluated for |
function |
|
| promoter swap experiment with (112A-2A, EMB30, GN, GNOM, MIZ2, VAN7, AT1G13980) and (ERMO1, GNL1, AT5G39500) |
revealed that |
(112A-2A, EMB30, GN, GNOM, MIZ2, VAN7, AT1G13980) can substitute (ERMO1, GNL1, AT5G39500) functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| E domain |
is not thought to have |
catalytic function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| four amino acid residues involved in Ca2+ binding in classical calpains |
are essential for |
(ATDEK1, DEK1, EMB1275, EMB80, AT1G55350) in vivo function |
|
| disruption of conserved R3 domain and bHLH-interaction motif in AhMYB2.2 |
might impair |
function of AhMYB2.2 isoform |
Amaranthus hypochondriacus |
| difference in size (179.24 kDa vs 111 kDa) and amino acid sequence between NlVgC and LsVgC |
may explain |
difference in functions of NlVgC and LsVgC |
|
| mature peptide of NCR341 |
cannot substitute for |
NCR343 |
Medicago truncatula |
| PI4Kβs |
could have |
other kinase activity independent of PI4K activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activity of IDRs |
positively correlated with |
net charge |
|
| (ATIRE1-2, AtIRE1A, IRE1-2, IRE1A, AT2G17520) and (ATIRE1-1, AtIRE1b, IRE1, IRE1-1, IRE1B, AT5G24360) |
have |
functional endonuclease domains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtRPL10A expressed under (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) promoter |
showed complementation with |
slower growth rate than (GAL1, GALK, AT3G06580) promoter |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| three independently confirmed proteins (OMT, GXM, HMT) |
has not been yet functionally characterized in |
barley |
Hordeum vulgare |
| rhm1-2 and rhm1-3 |
encode |
defective enzymes that can interfere with function of other UDP-rhamnose synthases through heterodimerization |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATCBL3, CBL3, AT4G26570) |
rely on PAT10 for |
functionality |
|
| suppression of autoactive Prf variants |
is |
specific |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ABC1, ABCI8, ATABC1, ATNAP1, LAF6, AT4G04770) ;3T |
plays dominant role over |
wild-type (ABC1, ABCI8, ATABC1, ATNAP1, LAF6, AT4G04770) proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intron-encoded proteins (IEPs) |
contain |
endonuclease domain |
|
| N-terminal region of GIGANTEA (GI) |
is critical for |
GIGANTEA (GI) function |
|
| different proteins from AhMYB2 isoforms |
could add |
functional variation |
Amaranthus hypochondriacus |
| association of (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) with nuclear proteins |
suggests |
at least one of the (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) isoforms could have an extraribosomal function in the nucleus |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtRPL10C expressed under (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) promoter |
showed complementation with |
slower growth rate than (GAL1, GALK, AT3G06580) promoter |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| HopF4a |
further lacks a functional catalytic triad from peptide sequence alignments and appears to be an enzymatically |
nonfunctional member of the HopF family |
Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae |
| F116 of 1-FFT in chicory |
was located in |
active site in β-propeller domain |
Cichorium intybus |
| antibacterial activity of the candidates |
can be ascribed to |
intrinsically disordered regions |
|
| DTN1 252L |
has remarkably decreased FBA activity compared with |
DTN1 252P |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) proteins |
can complement |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae conditional lethal mutant in the (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| VmSpm1 |
contains |
Inhibitor_I9 domain |
Valsa mali |
| presence of all six universally conserved amino acids in U-box domain of MpPUB9 |
implies |
functional importance |
Marchantia polymorpha |
| μ2-YFP fusion protein |
was |
functional |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PEROXIDASE36 (PER36, PRX36, AT3G50990) amino acids |
have been partially identified |
responsible for interaction within the wall domain |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Gene Ontology enrichment analysis |
showed |
proteins were mainly related to translation, stress response, transport, and protein metabolic process |
Oryza sativa |
| intron-encoded proteins (IEPs) |
contain |
reverse transcriptase domain |
|
| UP9C |
may function in |
non-nuclear cellular compartments |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| presumed catalytically inactive isozymes |
can similarly have retained |
unsuspected catalytic side-activities in other families |
|
| I44A mutation in ubiquitin chimera |
completely restored the ability to function like |
wild-type TOL6:Ven |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (WTG1, AT5G53080) gene |
encodes |
unknown protein with a predicted otubain domain |
Oryza sativa |
| plant M3 peptidases |
have |
unknown cellular functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| N-terminal protein region of (PLDrp1, AT5G39570) |
points to |
important function encoded in the N-terminus |
plant kingdom |
| site-directed mutagenesis |
identified |
various amino acids essential for acetyltransferase activity of Ea DAcT |
Euonymus alatus |
| conserved functional domains described for euAP2 transcription factors |
include |
two EAR motifs |
Prunus persica |
| other family members of (FTIP1, MCTP1, AT5G06850) |
may have evolved to function in antagonistic manner to |
(FTIP1, MCTP1, AT5G06850) |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Cucurbita moschata |
| heterologous γ subunit function |
depends on |
pre-CBS domain |
|
| calpains in Chlorophyta |
have no functional information available |
functional characterization |
|
| (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) YG protein |
is functional in the absence of |
NA-PP1 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| island domain of (AtRLP10, CLV2, AT1G65380) |
is dispensable for |
(AtRLP10, CLV2, AT1G65380) function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| calmodulin (CaM) |
has no |
enzymatic activity |
|
| SAR DIX domains |
can substitute for |
(DVL2, RTFL19, AT3G02493) DIX |
|
| interactor |
has |
additional independent functions |
|
| some of the identified tomato SlCDFs, like SlCDF3 |
might have |
additional functions in tomato |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| truncated (ATPDK1, PDK1, AT5G04510) protein with a disrupted PH domain (0–408 aa) |
keeps |
most of its functionality |
|
| higher (ATCOP1, COP1, DET340, EMB168, FUS1, AT2G32950) protein levels in det1-1 mutant |
are associated with |
diminished (ATCOP1, COP1, DET340, EMB168, FUS1, AT2G32950) function in decreasing (HY5, TED 5, AT5G11260) abundance |
|
| persulfidation-induced protein structural change |
may relate to |
physiological phenomena |
|
| D/En regions of (nMAT3, AT5G04050) and (nMAT4, AT1G74350) |
contain amino acid alterations expected to inactivate |
endonuclease activities |
|
| (CLPR4, HON5, AT4G17040) protein |
is |
partially functional in (SOT7, AT1G28170) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CLPR4, HON5, AT4G17040) and (PSB29, THF1, AT2G20890) |
function in |
distinct manner |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| HSP90.3 and (ATHS83, AtHsp90-1, ATHSP90.1, HSP81-1, HSP81.1, HSP83, HSP90.1, AT5G52640) |
are |
redundant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mutations in helicase motifs I and Ia |
abolish |
helicase activity |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| deletion of end of repeat 1 and beginning of repeat 2 in M protein |
leads to |
loss of function of M protein |
|
| functional redundancy |
exists among |
Arabidopsis RING-domain proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| deletion of AGP domain |
may be |
destructive to the whole protein |
|
| Medicago MtSNF4b γ-like subunit |
did complement |
yeast (ATSNF4, KINbeta-gamma, SNF4, AT1G09020) γ subunit mutant |
Medicago truncatula |
| REP C-terminus |
could be involved in |
other functions than (RAB, RBE, AT5G06070) prenylation |
|
| Manganese (Mn) |
is a cofactor of |
cellular proteins |
|
| (ABCE2, ATRLI2, RLI2, AT4G19210) (RNase L inhibitor 2) |
is |
ATP binding cassette-type ATPase |
Cardamine hirsuta |
| (RbohH, AT5G60010) and (RbohJ, AT3G45810) |
have |
partially redundant functions |
|
| variants with combinations of residues in (AtTN10, TIR, TN10, AT1G72930) and NB domains |
exhibit |
reduced activity |
|
| series of BTB proteins |
has been identified and characterized with functions associated with |
multiple biological processes |
|
| (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) proteins |
may have |
extraribosomal functions in the nuclei |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| multiples of an epitope tag |
are more likely to disrupt |
protein function |
|
| truncated LRX proteins with only parts of the LRR domain |
are very likely to be |
nonfunctional |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| S4 and W90D |
appear to have |
different effects on functionality of Rx1 |
|
| TOL6–ubiquitin fusion |
altered |
protein functionality |
|
| WG7 |
encodes |
CW domain-containing zinc finger transcription factor |
Oryza sativa |
| transgenic module |
did not contain |
any enzymatic activity |
Hordeum vulgare |
| SOUL heme-binding proteins in higher plant and algal plastoglobules |
have |
unknown function |
|
| both parts of NCR343 |
contain motifs that are indispensable for |
its functions |
Medicago truncatula |
| protein encoded by Os06g0138200 |
is predicted to contain |
2OG-Fe (II) dependent oxygenase domain |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| S1 and Z3 mutations |
have little effect on |
functionality of full-length Rx1 protein |
|
| CC S1 |
still exhibits |
pronounced suppressive effect indistinguishable from wild-type CC |
|
| ribosomal proteins |
are considered |
housekeeping proteins |
|
| NDH-associated nuclear-encoded proteins |
may function as |
auxiliary proteins |
higher plants |
| autoactive variants of tomato NB-LRR Prf |
are suppressed when |
LRR of Prf is coexpressed |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| N-terminal half of LRR |
is |
crucial in suppression |
Triticum aestivum |
| AtRPL10A expressed under GDP promoter |
showed complementation with |
lower growth rate than endogenous (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) protein |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| Tyr-308 in pea FNR |
was rotated into conformation that allows |
NADP+ binding |
Pisum sativum |
| nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase proteins |
functions of these proteins are even less understood than |
UspA domain proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| coexpression of CC domain of Bs2 |
does not |
affect activity of Rx1 |
|
| GTPase activity of (GOM8, RHD3, AT3G13870) proteins |
was measured |
|
|
| OsLPLA and AtLPLA |
suggest |
similar catalytic features |
Oryza sativa; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Substitution E572K in conserved third LRR of (EMB3113, PRPS5, RPS5, SCA1, uS5c, AT2G33800) |
inactivates |
Arabidopsis CC-NB-LRR (EMB3113, PRPS5, RPS5, SCA1, uS5c, AT2G33800) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| truncated protein sequestering binding partners in complex |
results in |
complex that is not signaling competent |
|
| cysteine residue C293 |
is important for |
enzyme activity |
Euonymus alatus |
| SOS2-∆308 |
is |
SOS3-independent form of kinase |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| chemically synthesized polypeptides |
possess |
biological activities |
|
| (AAD6, FTM1, HUP7, SAD6, AT1G43800) protein |
neither rescued growth of nor altered unsaturated FA profile in |
yeast mutants and Escherichia coli cells |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Escherichia coli |
| ATP binding by (PBS1, AT5G13160) |
is essential under native protein levels but can be bypassed by |
overexpression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| specific ER localization of sHSP22 |
confers to sHSP22 |
unique functions distinct from other cytosolic sHSPs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| complex N-glycans |
are |
prerequisite for the in vivo activity of many therapeutically interesting proteins |
|
| extensin domain of (LRX11, AT4G33970) |
is required for |
protein function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sulfur (S) |
is an important component of |
prosthetic groups |
|
| (AT-SYR1, ATSYP121, ATSYR1, PEN1, SYP121, SYR1, AT3G11820) and (ATSYP122, SYP122, AT3G52400) |
have |
strong redundancy from a general point of view |
|
| S121 and S280 of TaPIP2;10 |
are |
crucial residues |
Triticum aestivum |
| C-terminal fusion proteins of (REIL1, AT4G31420) and (FZF, REIL2, STCH4, AT2G24500) |
failed to be introduced into the mutant due to |
known requirement of an unaltered and intact C terminus for yeast Rei1 function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| atTic55-II |
does not resemble to degree that would lead to expect functional redundancy with |
AtPTC52 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CC-NB-ARC of Pm3 proteins |
does not |
suppress activity of full-length proteins |
Triticum aestivum |
| PHBs (prohibitins) |
play |
important and diverse biological functions |
|
| salivary gland proteins |
have functions including |
binding, catalytic activity, and secretion |
|
| suppressive activity of wild-type CC compared to S1 and S4 mutants |
makes clear that |
suppression does not act via intramolecular interaction |
|
| (FAR2, MS2, AT3G11980) |
dampens |
TaRomo1 activity |
Triticum aestivum |
| C-terminal sequences of RxLR effectors |
rarely contain |
motifs that would suggest a known biochemical function |
Phytophthora |
| SOK5-YFP bearing a mutant KEY motif (E356Q/E359Q) |
shows no detectable changes in |
localization or biological activity |
|
| SAR DIX |
is functionally equivalent to |
(DVL2, RTFL19, AT3G02493) DIX regarding biochemical properties and signaling activity |
|
| two amino acid changes in missense mutations |
may suppress function of |
(RFL24, AT5G41170) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| glycine residue G55/G53 |
is critical for |
proper function of both proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (VPS26A, AT5G53530) and (VPS26C, AT1G48550) |
have relatively low amino-acid sequence similarity |
redundant functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| direct targets of itaconate |
are |
proteins involved in essential processes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nontraditional nuclear localizations of metabolic enzymes |
implies |
previously unidentified functions beyond established catalytic roles |
|
| both pools of (HMR, PAP5, PTAC12, TAC12, AT2G34640) |
are essential for |
(HMR, PAP5, PTAC12, TAC12, AT2G34640) function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| multiple AtSnRK1 complexes with various αβγ subunit combinations |
may be involved in |
various functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cobs |
contain |
putative carbohydrate binding domains |
|
| acidic region of AK-6B |
is essential for |
nuclear localization, transactivation and induction of hormone independence in tobacco |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| structural flexibility |
could have similar advantages for |
fungal and oomycete antimicrobials |
|
| specific proteins in stromule microcompartments |
serve |
specialized functions |
Physcomitrella patens |
| A1ATs |
are |
molecular mouse traps |
|
| FP-tagged (AHA2, AtHA2, HA2, PMA2, AT4G30190) proteins |
signals likely reflect |
in vivo behavior of H+ -ATPase molecule |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| single-nucleotide polymorphisms or insertions/deletions in coding regions |
may affect |
gene function |
|
| induced in trans interactions |
explain why |
coexpressed wild-type versions of domains transcomplement loss-of-function phenotype |
|
| identification of methionine sulfoxide reductase partners |
will help to gain insight into |
physiological roles of methionine sulfoxide reductases |
|
| single amino acid substitutions in the coiled-coil motif |
greatly changed |
ATPase activity |
|
| hypophosphorylated Serrate (SE) variants |
could readily rescue |
se-1 phenotypes |
|
| (TIE1, AT4G28840) (TIE2, AT2G20080) (TIE3, AT1G29010) and (TIE4, AT2G34010) |
may have |
similar biochemical functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| site-directed mutant H382A |
abolishes complementation by |
pPMR5::PMR5-GFP construct |
|
| effector proteins in dot-shaped and filamentous structures |
remains to be established whether |
effector proteins are functional while in such structures |
|
| hyperphosphorylated Serrate (SE) variants |
could not readily rescue |
se-1 phenotypes |
|
| structural flexibility |
may facilitate |
translocation, function, and evasion of recognition of bacterial effectors |
|
| changes in amino acid sequence |
can affect |
activity of effectors in insects and pathogens |
|
| presence of unspliced transcript encoding truncated protein |
interferes with |
function of full-length protein |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| 113-amino acid protein size |
might imply |
protein structure or size requirement for function of executor proteins |
Oryza sativa |
| CrIRE1 |
might also have |
additional functions |
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii |
| analysis of (CLPP1, PCLPP, ATCG00670) acceleration |
has provided evidence of |
retained functionality at the protein level, even for one of the most extreme cases of (CLPP1, PCLPP, ATCG00670) divergence |
|
| non-functional TaMs5-D allelic form |
is predicted to encode |
non-functional protein |
Triticum aestivum |
| altered amino acid caused by rl mutation |
may be essential for |
CsPID function in cucumber |
Cucumis sativus |
| interference with assembly of SE-scaffolded macromolecule complexes |
compromised |
Serrate (SE) functions |
|
| (ATCOP1, COP1, DET340, EMB168, FUS1, AT2G32950) protein levels |
do not simply correlate with |
(ATCOP1, COP1, DET340, EMB168, FUS1, AT2G32950) activity |
|
| D364 and N364 in PPKL1 |
suggests |
competition relationship between D364 and N364 |
Oryza sativa |
| isolated mutations |
may have |
negative impact on protein activity and/or dimerization |
Glycine max |
| (ATCOP1, COP1, DET340, EMB168, FUS1, AT2G32950) |
is |
one of two characterized RING-domain proteins with functional requirement for RING domain |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (MAP18, PCAP2, AT5G44610) function via PtdIns(4,5)P2-binding activity on plasma membrane |
can be distinguished from |
(MAP18, PCAP2, AT5G44610) function via ROP2-binding activity by its dependence on N-myristoylation |
|
| putative protein encoded by grik1-2 allele |
retains |
some level of activity |
|
| (AtBCS1, AtOM66, BCS1, OM66, AT3G50930) ( ) |
encodes |
AAA ATPase |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| specific biochemical function of N receptor interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) in the chloroplast |
remains |
unknown |
|
| CRL4 |
encodes |
protein highly homologous with Arabidopsis (112A-2A, EMB30, GN, GNOM, MIZ2, VAN7, AT1G13980) |
Oryza sativa; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cop1-4 mutant |
combines |
loss-of-function phenotypes due to missing C-terminus |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| VirE2 fusion |
is functional like |
wild type |
|
| subcellular localization of RKN candidate effectors when overexpressed in plant cells |
suggests a role inside |
plant cells |
|
| TaMS1 |
encodes |
GPI-anchored nsLTP |
Triticum aestivum |
| physical interactions between group Q UGTs and other proteins |
could be explored in future to determine |
function of surface regions of UGTs in forming metabolons and producing flavonoid glycosides |
|
| truncated (ATSNAK2, GRIK1, AT3G45240) expressed in -2 mutant |
could provide |
residual (ATSNAK2, GRIK1, AT3G45240) function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| functional specificity |
is |
to a large extent independent of DNA-binding specificity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| immunophilins |
were originally isolated as |
immunosuppressive drug receptors |
|
| ionic cellular distribution |
is critical for |
protein activity |
|
| full-length (APP1, AT5G53540) overexpression |
confirms special functional characteristics of |
active form rather than membrane-tethered form of (APP1, AT5G53540) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L10 (RPL10, RPL10A, SAC52, uL16z, AT1G14320) |
has additional extraribosomal functions |
extraribosomal functions |
|
| proline to threonine substitution in Kasalath NOMT |
is the main cause of |
lower enzymatic activity of NOMT in Kasalath |
Oryza sativa |
| GSNOR1 C10S mutation |
does not have detectable effect on |
enzymatic activity |
|
| regulatory properties of the α-form (RCA, AT2G39730) in maize |
may differ from |
regulatory properties of (RCA, AT2G39730) in other species |
Zea mays |
| AtFNR1 and AtFNR2 |
have |
partly redundant function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cargo-dependent AGO sub-cellular localization hypothesis |
may be applicable to |
other AGOs |
|
| GAFP1 |
has been demonstrated to be |
mannose-binding lectin |
|
| single amino acid exchange |
leads to |
drastic change in substrate specificity |
|
| amino acid substitutions at the predicted substrate binding sites |
suggest |
potential divergence in enzyme efficiency |
|
| amino acid substitutions in Group 5 proteins |
might result in |
inability to bind glucose or ATP |
|
| correct glycosylation pattern |
may contribute to |
functioning of the mature protein |
|
| version with non-functional ubiquitin tag |
behaves like |
wild-type version of (TOL6, AT2G38410) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis thaliana AN (AtAN) |
does not exhibit |
dehydrogenase activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Lz region of LOB domain in LBD gene family |
is critical to |
specific function of LBD |
|
| oligomeric forms larger than hexamers |
are proposed to be |
inactive in ATP hydrolysis |
|
| TOL6:ubq I44A:Ven construct |
was not compromised in |
functionality |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PUB family proteins |
have roles in |
self-incompatibility, hormone responses, defense and abiotic stress responses |
|
| potato R3a resistance protein |
becomes |
nonfunctional |
Solanum tuberosum |
| suppressive effect of Rx1 CC |
is set apart from |
suppression of autoactivity of chimeric Mi constructs by coexpressed N-terminal SD domain |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| substitution of (AtCLE6, CLE6, AT2G31085) signal peptide with rice signal peptide |
attenuated |
overexpression phenotypes of (AtCLE6, CLE6, AT2G31085) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtNPC4, NPC4, AT3G03530) S-acylation |
determines |
(AtNPC4, NPC4, AT3G03530) function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Reversibly Glycosylated Protein (RGP, RGP3, AT3G08900) |
may carry out |
more than one function |
|
| (AtATL78, ATL78, PRU2, AT1G49230) |
is |
E3 ligase localized to plasma membrane |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SOSEKI DIX |
is functionally equivalent to |
(DVL2, RTFL19, AT3G02493) DIX regarding biochemical properties and signaling activity |
|
| moonlighting proteins |
are |
proteins with multiple independent functions |
|
| plant-specific functions |
could be compromised in |
rep-1 line |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GEF catalytic activity of (112A-2A, EMB30, GN, GNOM, MIZ2, VAN7, AT1G13980) on membrane |
is regulated by |
conserved Sec7 domain |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (MDKIN2, AT2G22610) function |
will be related to |
cargo or protein binding ability |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| type II ROPs |
are unlikely to |
substitute for (ARAC4, ATRAC4, ATROP2, ROP2, AT1G20090) in plp-3 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| single aminoacid substitution in Fas1-2 domain in sos5-1 allele |
disrupted FLA4 function to the level of |
knock out allele sos5-2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nuclear localization signal (NLS) |
is unnecessary for |
phenotypic complementation of the an mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| glucose sensor function of Arabidopsis (ATHXK1, GIN2, HXK1, AT4G29130) |
can be uncoupled from |
catalytic activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| point mutation Asn60Gly in AQP6 |
converted |
AQP6 from an anion channel to a water channel |
Homo sapiens |
| conserved PSPG motif |
plays critical role in |
direct interaction with UDP-sugar donor |
Strobilanthes cusia |
| substitution of CLE signal peptides with rice GRP signal peptide |
affected |
gain-of-function phenotypes of some CLE proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SPY catalytic activity |
is important for |
SPY function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cop1-6 allele |
has |
residual (ATCOP1, COP1, DET340, EMB168, FUS1, AT2G32950) action |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATFTSZ2-1, FTSZ2-1, AT2G36250) and (FTSZ2-2, AT3G52750) proteins |
were reported to have biochemically equivalent functions within |
FtsZ2 pool |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| each of the seven histidines in (FAD4, FADA, AT4G27030) |
are |
essential |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| mutation L776H in the (ATHAK5, HAK5, AT4G13420) protein |
earlier shown to be |
important for functional expression of (ATHAK5, HAK5, AT4G13420) in yeast |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| N-glycans |
are responsible for |
stability and biological activity of glycoproteins |
|
| (ZAR1, AT3G50950) resistosome |
does not mean that |
all CNLs function as calcium channels |
|
| N terminus of (ATPRMT3, PRMT3, AT3G12270) |
is required for |
biological functions of (ATPRMT3, PRMT3, AT3G12270) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AhHMA4 protein |
might exhibit reduced activity in |
tobacco |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| UBD-mutated (TOL6, AT2G38410) allele |
exhibits |
altered localization and complete loss of functionality |
|
| evolutionary conservation of dual targeting of Fum |
suggests |
important conserved moonlighting function of cytosolic Fum in eukaryotes |
eukaryotes |
| C terminus of (AVB1, IFL, IFL1, REV, AT5G60690) (specifically, the Per-ARNT-Sim-like MEKHLA domain) |
is particularly important in regulating |
(AVB1, IFL, IFL1, REV, AT5G60690) activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BPH-secreted proteins |
have not yet been experimentally determined in function |
functions of majority of BPH-secreted proteins |
Nilaparvata lugens |
| multiple C2 domains in (FTIP1, MCTP1, AT5G06850) |
have revealed |
specific roles of each C2 domain in (FTIP1, MCTP1, AT5G06850) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| systematic analysis of 16 genes in the entire Arabidopsis MCTP family |
reveals |
potential functional divergence or redundancy of MCTP members |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CC S4 and CC-NB-ARC S4 constructs |
lost |
ability to suppress activity of full-length Rx1 |
|
| amino acid residue at position 101/107 |
may have |
functional significance |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (AtWTF1, WTF1, AT4G01037) and (emb1692, LEFKO, AT5G62990) |
are not |
redundant in terms of functional properties |
|
| (NTRC, AT2G41680) |
is |
enzyme able to act as NTR/TRX system in single polypeptide |
|