| cycads |
produce |
monocolpate pollen grains that are spheroidal and/or boat-shaped |
|
| pollen production |
was not affected in |
(GOM8, RHD3, AT3G13870) −/− (RL2, AT5G45160) +/− plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| callose wall |
was completely degraded in |
wild-type anther stages 8 to 10 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tapetum |
is |
innermost layer of the anther wall |
|
| SET DOMAIN GROUP 2 (ATXR3, SDG2, AT4G15180) |
is involved in |
pollen vegetative cell function |
|
| (ATPIN8, PIN8, AT5G15100) |
is functionally active only during |
male gametophyte development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| anther tapetum |
helps control |
microspore release |
|
| pollen development regulation |
is |
nonlinear regulation pathway |
Hordeum vulgare |
| NRL8/ (SETH6, AT2G47860) |
is involved in |
pollen germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| glutathione |
has additional role for |
pollen germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) mutant |
shows severely affected |
pollen exine formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) microspores |
degenerated |
|
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) microspores |
were completely degenerated at |
anther stage 12 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| primexine |
was not present outside |
(AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) microspore cell membrane |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtRPL10C |
is important in |
mature pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| abnormal tapetal cell enlargement |
is quite similar to |
low temperature-induced effects on anther development |
Oryza sativa |
| GA-deficient mutants |
display |
aborted pollen development |
|
| in the majority of cases |
peripheral puncta were not observed until |
after the cytokinesis was completed |
|
| rmd mutants |
display |
aborted microtubule arrays |
Oryza sativa |
| RMD |
has |
critical role in pollen development |
Oryza sativa |
| defects in tapetal genes |
are often associated with |
defective pollen cell wall formation and male sterility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Bennettitales |
have cones that produce |
monocolpate grains |
|
| CMS line |
has |
male-sterility-inducing cytoplasm |
|
| knockout of (ACBP4, AtACBP4, AT3G05420) (ACBP5, AtACBP5, AT5G27630) and (ACBP, ACBP6, AtACBP6, AT1G31812) |
resulted in reduced |
pollen grain numbers |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mass of wall materials |
was left behind in |
anther locule |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Osalkbh5 mutant anthers |
contain |
no viable pollen |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| GA-deficient mutants |
display |
abnormal enlargement of tapetal cells |
|
| GA 1 |
gradually decreases during |
pollen development |
Oryza sativa |
| cv Nipponbare anthers under LT conditions |
are smaller and abnormally curved due to |
hypertrophy of tapetal cells |
Oryza sativa |
| Nicotiana homologs of (AtRDR6, RDR6, SDE1, SGS2, AT3G49500) |
were found to be expressed in |
dehisced, dry pollen |
Nicotiana |
| membrane-bound AGPs |
participate in |
pollen tube guidance |
|
| anther tapetum |
provides essential components for |
pollen wall formation |
|
| other factors |
regulate |
gene networks for pollen development |
|
| externally applied polyclonal antibodies that inhibit (APY1, ATAPY1, AT3G04080) (apyrase 1) and (APY2, ATAPY2, AT5G18280) (apyrase 2) activity |
rapidly inhibit |
pollen tube growth |
|
| CMS line |
contains |
CMS-causing gene |
|
| (AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) expression level |
decreases after |
anther stage 8 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Rf gene |
restores |
male fertility |
|
| (GOM8, RHD3, AT3G13870) (RL2, AT5G45160) plants |
produce |
no viable pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CMS line |
cannot produce |
functional pollen |
|
| maize TaMS1 orthologues |
cannot rescue fertility in |
wheat |
Zea mays; Triticum aestivum |
| HvTDF1 |
is specifically expressed during |
pollen development |
Hordeum vulgare |
| pollen grains of (ACBP4, AtACBP4, AT3G05420) (ACBP5, AtACBP5, AT5G27630) (ACBP, ACBP6, AtACBP6, AT1G31812) triple mutant |
exhibit |
irregular exine arrangement |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis (ATHAP3, ATNF-YB1, HAP3, HAP3A, NF-YB1, AT2G38880) mutant |
exhibits |
defective pollen tube growth at the stigma |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtHDA7, HDA7, AT5G35600) oe mutant |
does not affect |
pollen viability |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PIN proteins |
can play important roles during |
male gametophytic development in all plants |
|
| (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) and downstream target genes |
appear essential for |
pollen grains maturation |
Hordeum vulgare |
| delayed developmental progression |
inevitably still results in |
pollen degeneration |
Hordeum vulgare L. |
| recognizable apertures |
were not present in |
the stronger alleles (cals5-2 and cals5-3) |
|
| pollen cell wall biosynthesis |
is completed |
flower stages 11 and 12 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mutations in (PIRL1, AT5G05850) (PIRL3, AT1G12970) and (PIRL9, AT3G11330) |
affect |
pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PMES, AT4G10050) and PMEIs |
are highly expressed in |
pollen |
|
| AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 16 (ARF16, AT4G30080) transcripts |
display reduced expression in |
tricellular and mature pollen |
|
| Nicotiana homologs of (AGO1, AtAGO1, ICU9, AT1G48410) |
were found to be expressed during |
germination and tube growth |
Nicotiana |
| such as the ontology of biological process in hvtdf1-2 stage 8b vs WT stage 8b |
the processes relating to |
pollen exine formation, pollen wall formation and gametophyte development and sporopollenin biosynthetic process were enriched |
Hordeum vulgare |
| at least one functional OAS-TL isoform |
is essential for |
proper function of the male gametophyte |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| threshold level of AtRPL10 activity |
is required for |
proper pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| callose |
can be found in |
pollen mother cells |
|
| whether presence of ER next to the aperture membrane sites |
is functionally significant for |
aperture formation |
|
| (LRX8, AT3G19020) |
is |
T-DNA insertion line from SALK library |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (NIP7;1, NLM6, NLM8, AT3G06100) |
is suggested to be essential for |
structural development of the pollen exine cell wall |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| B nutritional defects in reproductive growth |
are consistent with |
defects observed in pollen formation in nip7;1 plants |
|
| pollen developmental phenotypes |
are likely associated with |
NIP7;1 function within tapetal cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sporopollenin |
is synthesized and secreted by |
tapetum |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pollen tubes |
had undergone |
pollen mitosis II |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| endogenous gibberellic acid (GA) levels |
were measured in |
developing anthers |
Oryza sativa |
| GA 20 |
increases at |
trinucleate pollen stage |
Oryza sativa |
| rmd mutants |
have |
decreased pollen activity |
Oryza sativa |
| mutations in (TPLATE, AT3G01780) /TSET components |
caused |
pollen developmental defects |
|
| nip7;1 pollen under normal-B conditions |
exhibits |
characteristic reticulate pattern of the external tectate exine cell wall |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| microarray-based analyses of Arabidopsis pollen development |
indicated |
progressive transcriptional shut-down of sRNA pathways |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGO10, PNH, ZLL, AT5G43810) (PINHEAD ZWILLE) |
expression ceases between |
pollen mitosis I and pollen mitosis II |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| callose defects |
can affect |
pollen wall formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| low temperature (LT) exposure |
induces abnormal enlargement of |
anther wall cells |
Oryza sativa |
| cv Nipponbare anthers under LT conditions |
are smaller and abnormally curved due to |
drastic reduction in number of pollen grains |
Oryza sativa |
| (ATCHX21, CHX21, AT2G31910) (ATCHX23, CHX23, AT1G05580) double mutant pollen grains |
germinated |
pollen germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| A9pr: (INP1, AT4G22600) -YFP lines |
contain |
pollen grains without apertures or with short apertures |
|
| bzip60-1/17/28 +/− heterozygous triple mutant flowers |
have |
anthers that had no visible pollen on their surface |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 10 (ARF10, AT2G28350) |
is enriched in |
sperm cells |
|
| gamyb mutants |
display |
aborted pollen development |
|
| low temperature (LT) treatment |
leads to |
drastic reduction in mature pollen |
Oryza sativa |
| In the absence of the (INP1, AT4G22600) function |
the distinct membrane ridges were no longer recognizable |
membrane ridges |
|
| rmd mutants |
display |
smaller pollen grains |
Oryza sativa |
| expression of genes involved in GA biosynthesis |
were measured in |
developing anthers |
Oryza sativa |
| low temperature (LT) in slr1-d mutants |
induces |
severe decrease in number of sporogenous cells |
Oryza sativa |
| double mutant kin17-1 spl7-2 |
displays |
pollen inviability |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (INP1, AT4G22600) |
gets delivered to |
cell surface |
|
| tapetal cell contents |
become associated with |
outer coat of mature pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SAUR75, AT5G27780) mutant pollen grains |
showed |
typical trinucleate pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| extracellular Calmodulin (CaM) |
regulates |
pollen tube growth |
|
| defects in autophagy |
result in |
abnormal pollen morphology |
Oryza sativa |
| programmed cell death (PCD) |
is important for |
pollen development |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| RBOH1-RNAi-DWF:OE plants |
show compromised |
pollen viability |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (BZR1, AT1G75080) regulation of Carbon Starved Anther (CSA) |
modulates |
sugar partitioning required for pollen development |
Oryza sativa |
| (PNT1, AT5G22130) mutant |
showed defect of |
pollen viability |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pollen sensitivity to copper deprivation and excess |
is evidenced by |
pollen production and viability data |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATGSL10, CALS9, GSL10, gsl10, AT3G07160) mutants |
are defective in |
pollen mitotic division |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Ca 2+ |
is a crucial player in |
pollen grain (PG) germination |
|
| nip7;1 pollen under limiting-B conditions |
over 60% exhibited defects in |
morphology of the exine cell wall and in cellular shape |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RPL12B |
is expressed in |
mature pollen grains, in vitro pollen tubes, and in vivo-grown pollen tubes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| extracellular Calmodulin (CaM) |
regulates |
pollen germination |
|
| Nicotiana homologs of (ASU1, ATDCL1, CAF, DCL1, EMB60, EMB76, SIN1, SUS1, AT1G01040) |
were found to be expressed in |
dehisced, dry pollen |
Nicotiana |
| (AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) anthers |
had no |
pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| simultaneous application of GA 3 and sucrose (Suc) |
substantially improves |
restoration of pollen development and seed set |
Oryza sativa |
| tripartite localization of (INP1, AT4G22600) puncta |
is highly reminiscent of |
positions of the three Arabidopsis apertures |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MMC and not the tapetal cells |
is |
the sporophytic source of the (INP1, AT4G22600) product |
|
| pollen germination and pollen tube growth of rmd-1 mutant |
are hypersensitive to |
LatB treatment |
Oryza sativa |
| importance of directed boron (B) transport |
is underscored by |
reproductive development |
|
| tapetum undergoes programmed cell death |
occurs |
flower stages 11 and 12 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LOC_Os06g05260 |
is highly expressed in |
rice pollen |
Oryza sativa |
| nip7;1 mutant pollen grains |
show decreased |
viability |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tassel-less maize NIP |
provides boric acid for |
reproductive development |
Zea mays |
| Ory s 23 |
is |
abundant pollen-specific candidate transcript |
Oryza sativa ssp. japonica |
| Nicotiana homologs of (AGO1, AtAGO1, ICU9, AT1G48410) |
were found to be expressed in |
dehisced, dry pollen |
Nicotiana |
| In other cases, (INP1, AT4G22600) lines had nearly finished forming in some microspores in a tetrad, but not in their sisters |
was observed |
in tetrads |
|
| anther development and pollen microsporogenesis |
are particularly sensitive to |
boron (B) limitation |
|
| Arabidopsis PIRL family members |
are implicated in |
pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| arrested gametogenesis in PIRL6-KD pollen |
occurred in some cases as early as |
microspore stage |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sRNA genes |
show progressive loss during |
pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sporopollenin |
is the major part of |
pollen exine |
|
| (ATCKX1, CKX1, AT2G41510) gene overexpression |
leads to |
male sterility |
Zea mays |
| abnormally increased ROS levels |
causes |
premature tapetal programmed cell death (PCD) |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis BR-insensitive mutant bin2-1 |
shows |
decreased pollen viability |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| abnormal PCD |
was also observed in |
WT |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| sticky generative cell (SGC, AT4G18530) mutants |
analysis of |
(SGC, AT4G18530) gene function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SGC, AT4G18530) mutant pollen grains |
are grouped into seven types |
limpet-like, binucleate, single nucleate, burst limpet-like, burst binucleate, burst single nucleate, and dead pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (NPC2, AT2G26870) and (NPC6, AT3G48610) mutants |
showed reduced |
rate of pollen germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| presence of normal cell wall |
is necessary for |
aperture formation |
|
| LOC_Os10g40090.1 |
is |
highly up-regulated protein in pollen |
Oryza sativa |
| double mutant with both (ATNTRA, NTR2, NTRA, AT2G17420) and (ATNTRB, NTR1, NTRB, AT4G35460) genes inactivated |
shows |
pollen with reduced fitness |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transmission electron microscopy (TEM) |
showed |
poorly developed outer (sexine) exine cell wall in the mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 16 (ARF16, AT4G30080) transcripts |
show high expression in |
unicellular and bicellular microspores |
|
| their formation |
requires the presence of |
(INP1, AT4G22600) |
|
| mutant PGs |
have |
cytoplasm remaining in the mutant PGs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtPAT10, PAT10, AT3G51390) |
functions in |
male gametophytes |
|
| (NIP7;1, NLM6, NLM8, AT3G06100) |
may play an analogous role to |
tassel-less maize NIP |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Zea mays |
| GA 19 |
increases at |
binucleate pollen stage |
Oryza sativa |
| low temperature (LT) in slr1-d mutants |
induces |
hypertrophy of tapetal cells |
Oryza sativa |
| NIP7;1 plasma membrane protein |
is localized in |
anther tapetum of stage 9 and 10 flowers |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LOC_Os04g45180 |
is highly expressed in |
rice pollen |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis thaliana |
undergoes pollen mitosis II in |
anther |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Nicotiana homologs of (AtRDR6, RDR6, SDE1, SGS2, AT3G49500) |
were found to be expressed during |
germination and tube growth |
Nicotiana |
| exogenous gibberellin (GA) with sucrose application |
substantially improves |
extent of normal pollen development |
Oryza sativa |
| GA 9 |
increases at |
binucleate pollen stage |
Oryza sativa |
| (INP1, AT4G22600) |
is produced by |
microspore mother cell (MMC) |
|
| RMD abundant expression in pollen grains and pollen tubes |
is consistent with |
defects of the anther and pollen in rmd mutants |
Oryza sativa |
| (NIP7;1, NLM6, NLM8, AT3G06100) |
plays a role in |
pollen cell wall development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Ory s 1 beta-expansin |
is |
abundant pollen-specific candidate transcript |
Oryza sativa ssp. japonica |
| gid1-8 mutant |
exhibit |
severe disruptions of pollen development at low temperature (LT) |
Oryza sativa |
| pollen grains from transformants expressing H2B-GFP |
contain |
two putative sperm nuclei and a vegetative nucleus |
Oryza sativa |
| LRX proteins |
have a proposed role in |
pollen grain (PG) formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (LRX10, AT2G15880) |
is |
T-DNA insertion line from SALK library |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AP-3 loss-of-function |
did not affect |
pollen development |
|
| pollen viability staining with fluorescein diacetate |
showed higher incidence of |
nonviable nip7;1 pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tassel-less mutant |
was found to be the result of the loss of function of |
boric acid transport NIP II protein |
Zea mays |
| RNA interference knockdown of NpGUT1 expression in flower buds |
results in |
male sterility |
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia |
| (SAUR62, AT1G29430) 75 and RNAi plants |
exhibited |
impaired pollen germination and pollen tube growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LOC_Os08g44660 |
is highly up-regulated in |
rice pollen |
Oryza sativa |
| Nicotiana homologs of (AGO4, OCP11, AT2G27040) |
were found to be expressed during |
germination and tube growth |
Nicotiana |
| callose defects |
can affect |
pollen viability |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| DEFECTIVE IN EXINE FORMATION1 (DEX1, AT3G09090) |
is involved in |
pollen exine formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wild-type flowers |
show |
equal amounts of pollen per anther |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Taken together, these observations |
indicate that |
the normal formation of the cell wall is a necessary prerequisite for the correct formation of (INP1, AT4G22600) lines at specific membrane domains |
|
| defective nip7;1 pollen |
includes |
regions of poorly formed exine cell wall with occluded lacuna |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| developing male gametophytes |
are very sensitive to |
RNAi constructs |
|
| individual microspores |
underwent |
pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| INAPERTURATE POLLEN1 (INP1, AT4G22600) assembly |
occurs after |
meiotic cytokinesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| either the signals necessary for the formation of (INP1, AT4G22600) puncta and lines |
are not present at the periphery until |
after the completion of meiotic cytokinesis |
|
| In many cases, microspores with only one or two (INP1, AT4G22600) spots |
were observed |
in tetrads |
|
| While performing 3D reconstructions of the INP1-YFP-expressing tetrads |
we noticed that in many tetrads microspores had |
triangular outlines, with plasma membrane anchored at three positions corresponding to the positions of (INP1, AT4G22600) lines |
|
| (SAUR62, AT1G29430) mutant |
had fertilization defect attributed to |
pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| various pollen development processes |
were influenced in |
(AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| defective nip7;1 pollen |
includes |
breaks in the exine reticulate structure |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mature tricellular pollen grains |
are generated |
flower stages 11 and 12 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NIP7;1 expression during stages 9 and 10 |
suggests that it functions as |
tapetal boric acid channel necessary for pollen cell wall development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| u-ATP9 gene expression |
leads to |
pollen abortion |
|
| dim mutant |
shows decreased |
pollen viability |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (BZR1, AT1G75080) mutant |
shows decreased |
pollen viability |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (AtMYB103, ATMYB80, MS188, MYB103, MYB80, AT5G56110) |
is activated during |
late tapetal development |
|
| BR-deficient mutant (CBB3, CPD, CYP90, CYP90A, CYP90A1, DWF3, AT5G05690) |
produces |
defective pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BR |
promotes |
degradation of tapetum during pollen development |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| BR-deficient mutant d^im |
shows |
poor pollen viability |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| proper timing of tapetal degeneration |
is critical for |
microspore development |
|
| RBOH1-dependent ROS |
play a role in regulating the expression of |
key pollen development genes |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| abnormal pollen without exine |
supports the importance of |
tapetum PCD for pollen development |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| T-DNA-inserted allelic mutants |
show the same range of mutant pollen phenotypes as |
sgc-1 mutant pollen phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| INP1-YFP punctate signal |
first appears in |
haploid tetrad-stage microspores |
|
| DMC1pr T1 lines |
produce |
93% oval pollen and 7% spheroidal pollen |
|
| the outer wall |
was still recognizable in |
the two weaker alleles |
|
| (NIP7;1, NLM6, NLM8, AT3G06100) |
promotes |
boric acid uptake, presumably for the synthesis of pectins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| screened pollen allergens |
were identified as candidates based on |
high up-regulation and expression in pollen |
|
| rapid and unidirectional changes in cell fate |
occur over |
two mitotic divisions |
|
| Pollen sacs of Lasiostrobus |
produce polysaccate grains that are inaperturate, which differs from |
pollen of Skyttegaardia nagalingumiae |
|
| tapetum |
directly communicates with |
developing pollen grains |
|
| material delivery from tapetal cells to anther locule |
fails to occur in |
Hvtdf1-2 mutant |
Hordeum vulgare |
| delayed tapetal programmed cell death (PCD) |
leads to |
decreased male fertility |
|
| defects in DWARF (DWF) |
result in |
decreased pollen viability |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Superoxide anion levels |
are much lower in |
CR-slida lines |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| proper SlIDA signal |
is required for |
ROS to mediate PCD during anther development |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| callose wall |
could guide |
exine formation |
|
| residual callose between the microspores in (AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) |
blocks |
normal exine formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MMD1pr: (INP1, AT4G22600) -YFP and DMC1pr: -YFP plants |
exhibit |
long apertures restored |
|
| Expression of (INP1, AT4G22600) in tapetum |
does not effectively restore |
normal apertures |
|
| in those plants |
instead of having triangular outlines, tetrad-stage microspores would look |
rectangular |
|
| pollen cell wall formation |
is a spatially and temporally regulated process that involves |
synthesis, secretion, and assembly of various components, including callose, a microfibrilar primexine template, the elaborate reticulate outer exine wall, and the inner pectocellulosic intine |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RNA inhibition of OsSWEET11 (also called Os8N3 or Xa13) in rice |
resulted in |
male sterility |
Oryza sativa |
| petunia (Petunia hybrida) NEC1 mutation |
resulted in |
male sterility |
Petunia hybrida |
| DMC1pr:INP1-YFP construct |
significantly outperforms |
tapetum-specific A9pr-driven construct in restoring apertures |
|
| genetic defects that lead to poor exine formation |
are associated with |
male-sterile phenotypes |
|
| genetic defects in primexine formation |
are associated with |
poor anchoring of sporopollenin substrates, disruption in exine patterning, and sterility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 10 (ARF10, AT2G28350) |
is not completely down-regulated in |
mature pollen |
|
| extracellular hydrolysis of sucrose |
plays critical role in |
pollen development |
|
| BR-deficient mutant d^im |
shows reduced |
pollen viability |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| RBOH1-RNAi-DWF:OE2 plants |
show significantly reduced |
pollen germination |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| CYP724B1 RNAi plants |
show |
pollen grain abortion |
Oryza sativa |
| OsMED14_1 knockdown plants |
show |
defective microspore development |
Oryza sativa |
| OsMED14_1 and (PXY, TDR, AT5G61480) interaction |
can regulate |
microspores by affecting auxin |
Oryza sativa |
| double mutant of (RbohH, AT5G60010) and (RbohJ, AT3G45810) |
severely impaired |
pollen tube growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SlIDA |
is simultaneously expressed in |
tapetum and microspore |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (AtSWEET8, RPG1, SWEET8, AT5G40260) |
may also function in |
pollen nutrition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| brassinolide |
could restore |
defects in pollen grain development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| knocking out SlIDA |
leads to |
dysfunction in the tapetum PCD |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| IP3 signaling |
influences |
pollen tube elongation |
|
| DWF-overexpressing plants DWF:OE2 |
shows increased |
pollen viability |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| programmed cell death (PCD) |
is important for |
tapetal degradation |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| C23-hydroxylated BR precursors |
could restore |
defects in pollen grain development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pollen development |
is regulated by |
transcription factors (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) (AMS, AT2G16910) (MS1, AT5G22260) and (AtMYB103, ATMYB80, MS188, MYB103, MYB80, AT5G56110) |
|
| rgxt4 male gametophyte defective 4 (MGP4, AT4G01220) mutant plants |
show |
reduced pollen tube growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genetic lesions of (SGC, AT4G18530) |
cause |
(SGC, AT4G18530) mutant pollen phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATGSL08, ATGSL8, CHOR, ET2, GSL08, GSL8, MAS, AT2G36850) CalS10 |
is involved in |
microspore division |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis (AtPME48, PME48, AT5G07410) pollen grains |
show delayed |
germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (RFL24, AT5G41170) |
promotes |
pollen abortion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pollen of OsNF-YB9-OEs |
showed significantly reduced |
pollen viability |
Oryza sativa |
| AtLHT4 |
mediates uptake of |
amino acids and peptides into pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pollen development |
is highly sensitive to |
perturbations of mitochondrial respiratory function |
|
| A9:u-ATP9 lines |
have abnormalities in |
pollen grain morphology |
|
| (MON1, AT2G28390) mutant |
exhibits |
delayed tapetal programmed cell death (PCD) |
|
| BZR1-overexpressing plants BZR1:OE |
shows increased |
pollen germination rate |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Sl08g062780 |
is homologous to |
(AMS, AT2G16910) |
Solanum lycopersicum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATOPT1, OPT1, AT5G55930) |
is expressed in |
germinating pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tapetum |
plays key role in |
male fertility |
|
| transgenic proSGC-H2B-mRFP1 plants |
showed fluorescent signals absent at microspore stage but beginning to appear in generative cell at |
early bicellular stage |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| normal vegetative growth and striking pollen defects observed in (SGC, AT4G18530) mutants |
suggests that SGC function is |
dispensable in sporophytic tissues but critical for pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| bnb1 bnb2 generative cells |
fail in expression of |
germline-specific marker (ATMGH3, HTR10, MGH3, AT1G19890) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nutrient retrieval from locular fluid via transporters |
represents |
the strongest sink in floral development prior to fertilization |
|
| reduced accumulation of starch and increased accumulation of soluble sugar |
leads to |
premature spore degeneration |
Triticum aestivum |
| Arabidopsis strong BR-insensitive mutant bri1-116 |
displays |
significantly reduced pollen grain numbers |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtRbohE, RBOHE, AT1G19230) |
affects |
timing of tapetal PCD |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (RbohH, AT5G60010) and (RbohJ, AT3G45810) double mutants |
show |
reduced fertility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| knocking out SlIDA |
decreases |
tip-localized ROS level |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| pollen-specific SKS-like protein (PSP231) |
is absent at early stages of |
pollen development |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| another TLP (AT1G75050) |
is one of 20 TLPs annotated by TAIR and appears predominantly expressed in |
microspores and bicellular pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATPROT1, PROT1, AT2G39890) mutants |
show no change in |
pollen amino acid content |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phytohormonal regulation |
plays critical role in |
pollen development and environmental adaptation |
|
| rice plants with knock-down of BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1, AT1G75080) |
show defective |
pollen maturation |
Oryza sativa |
| BR-deficient mutant d^im |
shows |
partially malformed pollen grains |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| delayed tapetal PCD |
leads to |
male sterility |
Oryza sativa |
| OsMED14_1 knockdown |
produces pleiotropic effects such as |
reduced pollen fertility |
Oryza sativa |
| significant downregulation of cell wall and pollen tube functions |
explains |
low yield of pollen grains and abnormal growth of pollen tubes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| appropriate ROS signals |
are essential for |
pollen development |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| male germ unit |
arranges physical linkage between |
two sperm cells and vegetative nucleus |
|
| (SGC, AT4G18530) function |
relates largely to |
C-terminal region and/or protein structure influenced by C-terminal region |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATOPT5, OPT5, AT4G26590) |
expression has only been detected in |
pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| six master transcription factors |
were downregulated in the stamen of |
RBOH1-RNAi lines |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (AtRbohE, RBOHE, AT1G19230) knockout |
results in |
aborted male gametophytes |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| reduced fertility |
is caused by |
pollen tube defect |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| morphological screen |
led to the isolation of |
sticky generative cell (SGC, AT4G18530) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SGC, AT4G18530) gene suppression of callose deposition |
ensures |
timely internalization, proliferation and differentiation of generative cell |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mutant generative cells |
become pressed against pollen wall with profound callose signals at |
late bicellular stages |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Paraffin section analysis of anthers of ghfla19-1 and WT at different developmental stages |
revealed |
main defects of ghfla19-1 occurred after tetrad pollen stage |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| potassium gradients |
play crucial roles in |
pollen grain development |
|
| calcium gradients |
play crucial roles in |
pollen grain development |
|
| rep-1/rep-2 plants |
a significant fraction (30%) of pollen grains were |
shrunken and did not contain DNA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LePRK1 |
is |
pollen-specific receptor-like kinase |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| disruption of (SETH6, AT2G47860) |
greatly affected |
pollen germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATGPAT6, GPAT6, AT2G38110) |
plays key roles in |
pollen exine development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| reactive oxygen species (ROS) |
mediate |
programmed cell death (PCD) in the tapetum |
|
| Arabidopsis (BES1, BZR2, AT1G19350) |
regulates |
male reproductive organs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| defects in BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1, AT1G75080) |
result in |
decreased pollen germination |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Superoxide anion levels |
increase considerably to peak at |
mitosis stage in WT |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (GCTLP1, AT5G02140) protein |
colocalizes with |
(SGC, AT4G18530) protein |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| generative cell internalization and differentiation |
occurs during |
pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Nin88 |
is expressed in |
developing microspores |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| (BZR1, AT1G75080) mutant |
show |
partial pollen malformation |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| proper timing of tapetal degeneration |
is critical for |
male fertility |
|
| male gametophyte (pollen) |
contains |
two non-motile sperm cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| callose dissolution in generative cell wall |
enables |
internalization of generative cell |
|
| sgc-2 (SALK_036363), sgc-3 (SALK_118919) and sgc-4 (SALK_070805) |
differ only in severity of |
mutant pollen phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SGC, AT4G18530) |
suppresses |
callose deposition in nascent generative cell |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsCrRLK1L11 (Os05g20150) |
has potential role in |
mature pollen development |
Oryza sativa |
| generative cells in (DUO1, AT3G60460) pollen |
failed to enter |
pollen mitosis II at G2-M transition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mpk6-1 open flowers |
had |
clearly visible pollen grains on anthers |
|
| tes-3 pollen tubes |
contain |
more than two sperm pairs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GUS signal |
was not detected in |
other cell types of transgenic anthers |
Nicotiana tabacum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| overexpression of GhADF7 gene |
significantly reduced |
pollen fertility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) |
is strongly expressed in |
maturing tomato microspores |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| water stress (WS) treatment in Rupali cultivar |
decreases by 50% |
pollen viability |
Cicer arietinum |
| many (but not all) plants |
have |
plastids excluded or degraded during formation of pollen |
|
| leakiness of induction |
leads to |
pollen production to some extent |
|
| AG peptide-encoding genes in anther |
imply important functions in |
pollen development |
Oryza sativa |
| mutant pollen from RNAi lines |
display |
complex and persistent callose walls |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| abnormal spores with micronuclei |
indicate |
disruption of spindles and phragmoplasts in TMBP200-deficient microspores |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| structure of pollen pectin |
may influence |
pollen release from quartet state |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pollen fertility |
decreases with an increase in |
allelic interaction of F1 pollen sterility loci |
Oryza sativa |
| pollen fertility |
decreases with increase in |
pollen sterility gene interactions |
Oryza sativa |
| proline |
accounts for |
60–65% of free amino acid pool |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| exogenous brassinolide (BL) |
being able to promote |
pollen tube elongation |
|
| OsMST7 expression |
occurs after |
tapetum layer has degraded |
Oryza sativa |
| silencing of Os8N3/OsSWEET11 |
results in |
low pollen viability |
Oryza sativa |
| RBOH1-mediated ROS |
directly trigger |
degradation of tapetal cells |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| RBOH1-RNAi transgenic plants |
show delayed |
tapetal programmed cell death |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| abnormal tapetal cells of the (AMS, AT2G16910) mutant |
caused |
pollen sterility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| increased BR and (BZR1, AT1G75080) activity |
accelerated |
tapetal degeneration |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| P (AtNPC4, NPC4, AT3G03530) :GUS |
activity observed in |
pollen sac tissues |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| carbon starved anther mutant |
highlights |
importance of carbohydrate supply and hexose transport during pollen development |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis strong BR-insensitive mutant bri1-116 |
displays |
slightly decreased pollen viability |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CR-slida lines |
show disrupted |
tapetum degeneration and PCD |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| genetic regulation underlying generative cell internalization after pollen mitosis I |
is |
unexplored area |
|
| monosaccharide transporters |
are important for |
pollen development within anther tissues |
|
| BR-mediated RBOH1 expression and ROS accumulation |
could promote |
tapetal PCD process |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) cascade |
has been reported to function in |
pollen tube elongation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATPROT1, PROT1, AT2G39890) |
mediates uptake of |
amino acids and peptides into pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tapetal cells |
undergo |
programmed degeneration process |
|
| Petunia hybrida (PDC2, AT5G54960) null mutants |
show |
altered growth of pollen tubes |
Petunia hybrida |
| mutation in RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1 ( (AtSWEET8, RPG1, SWEET8, AT5G40260) or ) |
leads to |
post-meiotic abortion of the pollen microspores |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATOPT2, OPT2, AT1G09930) |
was found to be expressed in |
pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| delayed tapetal programmed cell death (PCD) |
leads to |
abnormal pollen coat formation |
|
| middle and later period of uninucleate microspore stage (MLUM) |
is characterized by |
anthers of 4.5–5.0 mm in length |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (PXY, TDR, AT5G61480) |
regulates |
microspore development |
Oryza sativa |
| many (ASK1, ATSKP1, SKP1, SKP1A, UIP1, AT1G75950) pollen grains |
either failed to germinate or germinated but produced |
morphologically abnormal pollen tubes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| dysfunction in the tapetum PCD |
causes |
failure in microspore development |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| proper tapetum PCD and degeneration |
is required for |
extracellular sculpting of the pollen grains |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| knocking out SlIDA |
caused |
pollen abortion phenotype |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| AXS expression |
elimination leads to |
collapsed and sterile pollen |
|
| AtLHT5 |
is expressed in |
germinating pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ABORTED MICROSPORES (AMS, AT2G16910) |
is required for |
tapetal development |
|
| failure in pollen tube elongation |
results in |
no seed set |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BZR1-deficient mutant |
shows suppressed expression of |
pollen development-related transcription factors |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| pollen viability in OsMED14_1 RNAi plants |
is decreased by up to 45% compared with |
wild-type |
Oryza sativa |
| (GCTLP1, AT5G02140) protein |
is |
putative (SGC, AT4G18530) interactor |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RFP signals in transgenic proSGC-SGC-mRFP1 plants |
remained confined to |
germline cells, including later generative cells and sperm cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sgc-3 / − homozygous plants |
produce |
34.5% normal pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| multiple layers of single cells |
sequentially die during |
specific phases of pollen development |
|
| profiles of gene expression and protein localization for (GCTLP1, AT5G02140) |
are consistently similar to |
those of (SGC, AT4G18530) during pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SGC, AT4G18530) protein |
localizes in |
Golgi apparatus |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| suppression of callose deposition in the generative cell |
is necessary for |
generative cell internalization and differentiation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| isolation of (GCTLP1, AT5G02140) |
will help explore |
genetic mechanism of generative cell internalization |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| single nucleate sgc-1 mutant pollen grains |
do not seem to be developmentally arrested microspores but rather are |
fused single nucleate pollen formed when wall between vegetative cell and generative cell is ruptured |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| callose |
is present at marked levels in approximately 60% of pollen populations in |
sgc-1/– mutant plants at tricellular and mature pollen stages |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sgc-1 mutant pollen grains |
display substantially altered expression patterns of |
cell fate markers |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PSP231 |
binds to |
GhRBPL1 |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| (ATMGH3, HTR10, MGH3, AT1G19890) |
is one of direct targets of |
(DUO1, AT3G60460) transcription factor |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| expression signal of GhFLA19s |
was only detected in |
pollen intine for stages from late uninucleate to maturation |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| RESTRICTED TO NUCLEOLUS 1 (REN1, AT4G24580) |
is required for |
regular pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| failure of anther dehiscence |
causes |
pollen release failure |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1 ( (AtSWEET8, RPG1, SWEET8, AT5G40260) or ) |
mutation in |
drastic reduction in male fertility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NADPH oxidase-derived ROS |
are crucial for |
optimal timing of tapetal programmed cell death (PCD) |
|
| BR-deficient mutant d^im |
shows increased frequency of |
malformed pollen grains |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| tapetal PCD process |
is closely related to |
pollen development |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| genes Sl08g062780 and Sl10g006880 |
were not downregulated in |
RBOH1-RNAi lines |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| pollen viability in different genotypes |
confirmed |
segregation and fertility results |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PEANUT1 |
is important for |
pollen viability |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| assembly of (INP1, AT4G22600) into puncta and lines |
occurs at |
tetrad stage |
|
| pollen microsporocytes |
occur during |
flower stage 9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| strategic pollen patterning |
is governed by |
flawless genetic program |
|
| generative cell |
gives rise to |
twin sperm cells |
|
| present study |
specifically advances knowledge of |
callose suppression in generative cell |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pdat1-2 and dgat1-4 mutants |
show affected |
germination rate |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| homologs of (ACBP4, AtACBP4, AT3G05420) and (ACBP, ACBP6, AtACBP6, AT1G31812) in cotton |
were expressed at |
low levels in CCRI9106 anthers |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| in vitro pollen germination |
only a slight effect in |
the rep-1/rep-1 line |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| length of the germinated pollen tubes |
was measured |
after 16 h of in vitro growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RMS gene expression in pollen |
is necessary for |
pollen abortion in rice CMS-CW context |
Oryza sativa |
| tetraspore (ATNACK2, NACK2, TES, AT3G43210) mutants |
produce |
coenocytic pollen |
|
| SWEET transporter proteins |
participate in |
pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsINV4 expression |
coincides with |
expression of OsMST8 and OsMST7 |
Oryza sativa |
| carbohydrate accumulation and metabolism |
plays critical role in |
pollen development and environmental adaptation |
|
| tapetal enlargement and delayed degeneration of tapetal cells |
leads to |
male sterility |
|
| overexpression of CYP724B1 |
promotes |
grain yield |
Oryza sativa |
| defects in DWARF (DWF) |
result in |
decreased pollen germination |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| BZR1-overexpressing plants BZR1:OE |
shows increased frequency of |
normal oval-shaped pollen grains |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| BR-deficient mutant d^im |
shows |
low pollen germination rate |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| defective microspore development in OsMED14_1 RNAi plants |
can be presumably attributed to |
defect in pollen viability |
Oryza sativa |
| (PXY, TDR, AT5G61480) mutation |
hampers |
microspore development |
|
| pollen mitosis I |
plays vital roles in |
pollen development |
|
| in vitro pollen germination |
found a considerable decrease in |
pollen germination in the REP/rep-2 and rep-1/rep-2 lines |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| in vivo experiments |
will test whether it is possible to |
influence course of pollen development |
|
| (PG45, PGA4, AT1G02790) promoter |
is highly active in |
mature pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plant species that shed bicellular pollen |
undergo Pollen Mitosis II in |
growing pollen tube |
|
| two pollen mitoses (PMI and PMII) |
occurred |
normally |
|
| (PXY, TDR, AT5G61480) mutant |
developed |
abnormal epidermis |
Oryza sativa |
| (PXY, TDR, AT5G61480) middle layers |
were still |
clearly visible |
Oryza sativa |
| (ATMGT5, MGT5, MRS2-6, AT4G28580) function |
is essential for |
pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Interference with invertase activity by expressing a proteinacious inhibitor under the control of the anther-specific invertase promoter |
results in |
block during early stages of pollen development |
|
| anther-specific cwINVs |
have been investigated in |
model plants N. tabacum, S. lycopersicum, and A. thaliana |
Nicotiana tabacum; Solanum lycopersicum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| recombinant RNase genes (RNase T1 and barnase) within the tapetal cells |
prevent |
pollen formation |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| (ATWRKY34, MSP3, WRK34, WRKY34, AT4G26440) |
is detected in |
mature pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 147 MPG-specific genes |
are |
putative downstream genes of MIKC* transcription factors |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pectin methylesterase |
activity is essential for |
pectin degradation and release of single pollen from quartet state |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtLHT4 expression |
is localized to |
tapetum |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATPROT1, PROT1, AT2G39890) |
is highly expressed in |
mature pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtSWEET8, RPG1, SWEET8, AT5G40260) expression |
occurs during |
male meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATOPT8, OPT8, AT5G53520) |
was found to be expressed in |
pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| early uninucleate microspore stage (EUM) |
is characterized by |
anthers of 3.5–4.5 mm in length |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| ROS levels |
increase from |
tetrad stage to mitosis stage in WT |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| abnormal tapetum and pollen PCD |
has also been found in |
Le RBOHE1 loss of function mutant |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| limpet pollen (lip) mutant |
dehisces pollen grains with |
generative cells remaining at pollen wall |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mutants defective in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerol (TAG) |
showed |
defective pollen tube growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| proton gradients |
play crucial roles in |
pollen grain development |
|
| OCL1 overexpression line K6 |
had |
low pollen set |
Zea mays |
| Euphorbia dulcis |
has |
tricellular pollen at dehiscence |
Euphorbia dulcis |
| premature breakdown of the tapetal cell layer in Ogu-INRA rapeseed plants |
occurs as in |
Ogura radish plants |
Brassica napus; Raphanus sativus |
| plastids in sterile tapetum at mid-microspore stage |
have almost no |
low-electron dense inclusions |
|
| light differences between fertile and restored samples |
can be considered as |
insignificant for pollen development and fertility |
Brassica napus |
| pollen wall formation |
showed |
intine and deposition of exine incomplete |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| suppression of NtCP56 |
resulted in defects in |
pollen grain development |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| reduced seed set in OsCYT-INV1 mutant |
was due to |
low fertility of its pollen |
Oryza sativa |
| Pectin methylesterases (PMEs) |
are involved in |
pollen tube growth |
|
| PwTUA1 |
is effectively induced by |
boron (H3BO3 concentration, 0.1%) |
Picea wilsonii |
| threshold for significant responses to applied ATPγS in Col-0 pollen |
was about 2-fold greater than in |
WS pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tetrads of (AtHMGR1, HMG1, HMGR1, MAD3, AT1G76490) -1 hmg2-1/hmg2-1 qrt1-1/qrt1-1 triple mutants |
produced |
two normal and two shrunken pollen grains |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| M1 [Sha]Cvi plants heterozygous for mutation in (RFL24, AT5G41170) (R/r) |
expected to produce |
two kinds of pollen grains: (RFL24, AT5G41170) pollens would die but pollens would live |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| silencing of Lin5 expression |
reduced |
pollen viability |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| DEFECTIVE IN TAPETAL DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION 1 (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) |
is required for |
tapetal development |
|
| exogenous brassinolide (BL) application |
enhances |
pollen germination ability |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| BR signaling |
promotes |
programmed cell death (PCD) |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| RBOH1-RNAi-DWF:OE and RBOH1-RNAi-BZR1:OE plants |
show |
reduced pollen fertility |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| binding of (AtRALF4, RALF4, RALFL4, AT1G28270) /19 or (RALF34, RALFL34, AT5G67070) to the receptor complex |
leads to |
opposite outcomes for pollen tube integrity |
|
| lack of increase in ROS levels |
occurs earlier than |
PCD dysfunction |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| RG-II-borate complex formation |
is suggested to be involved in |
male gametophyte development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SGC, AT4G18530) gene |
is broadly expressed but is germline specific during |
pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| yeast two-hybrid screen with (SGC, AT4G18530) bait |
identified |
thaumatin-like protein (GCTLP1, AT5G02140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genes related to pollen maturation and accumulation of starch and lipids in pollen grains |
were severely affected in |
CCRI9106 |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| higher expression of (RFL24, AT5G41170) during early pollen development |
results in |
sterility caused by (RFL24, AT5G41170) Cvi-0 allele |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| polygalacturonase (PG) genes |
function in |
microspore separation |
|
| mutant pollen grains |
viability was not affected |
pollen viability |
Oryza sativa |
| pollen tube length |
showed no differences between wild type and mutant |
in vitro pollen tube growth |
Oryza sativa |
| SEC31A-mCherry and SEC31B-GFP |
exhibit lower co-localization rate in |
growing pollen tubes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| primexine |
exists only briefly |
transient nature |
|
| pollen development |
ends at |
dehiscence of anthers when mature pollen is released |
|
| Class II TUAs |
includes |
PtTUA6 |
Populus tremuloides |
| PwTUA1 overexpression |
increases length of pollen tubes growing for 24 h |
pollen tube length |
Picea wilsonii |
| phosphate |
could not inhibit |
pollen germination |
|
| AMPs |
does not inhibit |
pollen tube elongation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ATPγS |
significantly inhibits |
pollen tube elongation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| shrunken pollen grains |
correspond to |
pollen grains of (AtHMGR1, HMG1, HMGR1, MAD3, AT1G76490) (HMG2, HMGR2, AT2G17370) genotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsSUT1 expression |
shows clear staining in anther wall and pollen at |
stage II and later |
Oryza sativa |
| OsMTD2 homozygous knockout mutant |
exhibits |
male sterility |
Oryza sativa |
| genes cited above (CML genes) |
have already been shown to be upregulated during |
pollen germination and/or pollen tube growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis gene homologous to downregulated annexin 5 gene (Solyc04g008270) |
was shown to be involved in |
pollen development and pollen tube growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MARIS (MRI) |
is required for |
pollen tube tip growth |
|
| TE-derived phased-secondary siRNAs (phasiRNAs) loading activity |
is essential for |
viability of maize pollen |
Zea mays |
| decrease in tube length for pollen derived from rep-1/rep-1 plants |
was found |
in rep-1/rep-1 mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| DNA methylation pattern |
is pre-established immediately after |
asymmetric division |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| no pollen grain alive in WT plants |
observed in |
[Sha]Cvi (RFL24, AT5G41170) mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| [Sha]Cvi |
observed that pollen abortion occurred progressively between |
first and second mitoses |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| germline-preferential thaumatin-like protein 1 (GCTLP1, AT5G02140) |
is putative interactor of |
(SGC, AT4G18530) gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| homozygous (SGC, AT4G18530) -1/− and -3/− mutant plants transformed with vector expressing wild-type under native promoter (proSGC- ) |
T1 progeny containing transgene showed approximately 14.4–81.6% and 5.0–69.0% of sgc mutant pollen phenotypes at mature pollen stage, reflecting significant recovery from |
90.7–97.0% and 62.6–72.1% observed in sgc-1/− and sgc-3/− mutant plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| dihydroflavonol 4-reductase-like1 ( (DRL1, TKPR1, AT4G35420) ) |
exhibited |
normal expression |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| pollen from mutant 942 |
showed |
lower pollen fertility compared with WT |
Oryza sativa |
| Os04g45010 gene encoding (PLIM2b, AT1G01780) |
was preferentially expressed in |
mature pollen grains |
Oryza sativa |
| loss-of-function of (ATRBL10, ATRBL14, RBL10, RBL14, AT3G17611) |
causes |
altered pollen morphology |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| flavonol diglucosides |
are essential for |
maintaining pollen fertility |
|
| (POL, AT2G46920) IV-dependent 21/22-nt siRNA biogenesis |
occurs during |
pollen development |
|
| ROS-mediated PCD in the tapetum |
leads to |
degradation of tapetal cells |
|
| rice mads3-4 mutant |
shows abnormally increased |
ROS levels |
Oryza sativa |
| SlMYB26 |
is homologous to |
(ATMYB26, MS35, MYB26, AT3G13890) |
Solanum lycopersicum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| degradation of the tapetum by maintaining an appropriate ROS homeostasis |
is essential for |
pollen fertility |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| transgenic line expressing lumenal domain of (ATSUN2, SUN2, AT3G10730) |
is reminiscent of |
defective nuclear movement phenotype of pollen tubes in wifi mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pollen grains in Solanaceae and Liliaceae |
are released from anther when they contain |
two cells: vegetative cell and generative cell |
|
| genes for enzymes expressed in stamen but not in uninucleate microspore and binucleate pollen |
hold clues to |
unique molecular processes in sporophytic tissues compared to gametophytic tissue |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Taz1 |
is required for |
male fertility |
Petunia |
| number of Si and Sj alleles at different loci in autotetraploid hybrids |
increased, pollen fertility decreased significantly |
pollen fertility |
Oryza sativa |
| 74 pectin lyase/pectin methylesterase inhibitor genes |
were found to be |
downregulated |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| Os08g37570 gene encoding (SPL11, AT1G27360) |
was preferentially expressed in |
mature pollen grains |
Oryza sativa |
| OsCrRLK1L11 (Os05g20150) |
is |
pollen-specific gene |
Oryza sativa |
| Mature pollen grains of WT, rep-1/rep-1, and REP/rep-2 plants |
were almost exclusively |
trinuclear |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| again suggesting sporophytic influence on pollen fitness by truncated REP present in the rep-1 mutant |
is supported by |
the observed pollen tube length defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CHH methylation |
underwent overall increase during |
sperm cell (SC) lineage development |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| ProPG45:GUS reporter lines during anther and pollen development |
show GUS signals first detected in |
tapetum at uninucleate and bicellular stages |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transposon expression |
occurs primarily in |
vegetative cell nucleus |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pollen grains |
are surrounded by |
exine |
|
| Honys and Twell (2004) data |
are useful for detection of |
genes expressed in microspores and binucleate pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tapetum |
contains |
aggregated lipid globules with high and medium levels of electron density |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| heterozygous (ATMGT5, MGT5, MRS2-6, AT4G28580) mutant flowers |
contain approximately 50% collapsed pollen grains at |
stages close to maturation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsPBP1 |
is down-regulated by |
pollination |
|
| flavonols |
is taken up and modified by |
developing gametophyte |
|
| GhADF7 gene expression |
is |
anther-specific |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| pollen viability in WW Almaz |
was |
82.3±5.2% |
|
| curved cell wall |
separates |
smaller germ cell and larger vegetative cell |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| S-locus supergene |
controls |
pollen size |
|
| (CDC2, CDC2A, CDC2AAT, CDK2, CDKA1, CDKA;1, AT3G48750) mutants |
produced |
only one generative cell-like gamete instead of two sperm cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intine of the microspore |
became obvious at |
vacuolate microspore stage |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tes-3 mutant |
is compared to |
tes-4 allele |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tes-3 pollen tubes containing more than two sperm |
occurs at frequency of |
35% |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMGT5, MGT5, MRS2-6, AT4G28580) gene |
is essential for |
pollen development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RUPTURED POLLEN GRAIN1 (AtSWEET8, RPG1, SWEET8, AT5G40260) |
is required for pollen fertility by controlling |
pollen wall development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| altered flavonoid profiles in anthers |
are probable cause of |
fft-1 pollen and fertility phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtADF8 |
may be |
pollen-specific protein |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pollen viability in WW Rupali |
was |
79.4±3.1% |
|
| pollen degradation in male-sterile plants |
was detected by |
acetocarmine staining |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| pollen gametophytic pathway |
is |
differentiation system |
|