| LRR domains |
interact directly with |
effectors |
|
| pathogenic effectors targeting ROS scavenging proteins |
causes |
suppression of plant immunity |
|
| Avr9B |
triggers |
Cf-9B-independent cell death response |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| p35S:PB1CP-3xHA lines |
showed no difference in bacterial growth of |
Pseudomonas syringae pv cilantro (Pci) 0788-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Colletotrichum higginsianum |
relies on |
penetrating plant cell wall and invaginating into cell |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pathogens |
utilize diverse strategies including secretion of varied effectors |
subversion of plant defense responses |
|
| CfCE54 |
does not trigger strong response upon co-expression with |
Cf-9C |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| pathogen taxon |
explains variation in |
effects of AMF inoculation on aboveground plant pathogens |
|
| Fulvia fulva strain P31 |
causes disease on |
MM-Cf-9 plants |
Fulvia fulva; Solanum lycopersicum |
| fungal effector AvrPiz-t |
exploited |
ROD1-CatB mechanism |
|
| meta-analysis and glasshouse experiments |
emphasize |
importance of biological context in understanding how aboveground pathogens respond to AMF inoculation |
|
| Avr9B |
triggers |
chlorosis and/or small patch of cell death |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| changes in secondary chemicals and foliar nutrition |
may be |
possible explanation for inhibitory effect on necrotrophic pathogens |
|
| TW65_01570 |
is not recognised by |
Cf-9B |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) |
invades |
tomato plants through vascular bundles |
Solanum lycopersicum; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici |
| young Nicotiana benthamiana plants |
are highly susceptible to |
Agrobacterium tumefaciens |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| Ogliarola salentina cultivar |
is highly susceptible to |
Xylella fastidiosa infection |
Olea europaea |
| Avr9B-like proteins from S. lycopersici and P. fuligena |
trigger |
strong cell death response in absence of Cf-9B in N. benthamiana |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| intrinsic properties of host plants, AMF, and plant pathogens |
may shape |
disease impact across ecosystems |
|
| sequence modifications in secreted pathogen proteins |
circumvent |
host defense responses |
|
| fungal sRNAs |
can act as potent virulence factors by infiltrating the host and suppressing |
plant disease resistance responses |
Botrytis cinerea |
| repeat region of Avr9B |
is not required for |
Cf-9B-dependent and Cf-9B-independent responses in N. tabacum |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| Glomus |
had stronger negative effects on |
pathogens |
|
| infected roots |
produces |
toxins that cause foliar (SDS, AT1G14750) |
Glycine max |
| Alternaria citri |
produces polygalacturonase that acts as virulence factor in interaction with |
citrus |
Citrus spp. |
| directed growth along the vasculature |
could enable |
pathogen isolates to move systemically through the vasculature of the plant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pathogen effectors |
promote |
pathogen nutrition acquisition and reproduction |
|
| repertoire of effectors present in a pathogen |
largely defines |
compatibility with host genotype |
|
| virulence toward Rpv3.1 |
was associated with |
deletion of g164 and g165 |
Plasmopara viticola; Vitis vinifera |
| PB1CP |
negatively regulates |
resistance against Colletotrichum higginsianum |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Aboveground pathogens |
primarily affect |
photosynthesis |
|
| inoculation with mixture of AMF species |
may have different effect on pathogens than |
inoculation with single AMF species |
|
| arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation |
negatively affects |
aboveground plant pathogens |
|
| CfCE54 from strain 0WU |
triggers |
Cf-9B-dependent cell death response |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| AvrPiz-t exploitation of ROD1-CatB mechanism |
promotes |
pathogen virulence |
|
| arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation |
did not affect |
biotroph-mediated diseases |
|
| Arabidopsis thaliana / Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis) pathosystem |
is used as |
model system for studying plant-pathogen interactions |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Botrytis cinerea |
| secreted version of Avr9B with repeat region deleted |
maintained ability to trigger |
Cf-9B-independent chlorosis/cell death and Cf-9B-dependent cell death response |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| AMF inoculation |
exerted contrasting effects on |
different viruses |
|
| wheat blast disease |
is caused by |
M. oryzae |
Triticum aestivum; Magnaporthe oryzae |
| Cf-9B-independent cell death response triggered by Avr9B in N. benthamiana |
is not dependent on |
(EVR, SOBIR1, AT2G31880) |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| p35S:PB1CP-3xHA lines |
showed no difference in bacterial growth of |
Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pto) DC3000 COR− |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mechanisms underlying host range |
are not exclusive from |
qualitative resistance and quantitative resistance mechanisms |
|
| WT-GmBIR1 overexpression |
significantly increases |
plant susceptibility to SCN |
Glycine max |
| structural variations at avrRpv3.1 locus |
result in |
breakdown of Rpv3.1 resistance |
Plasmopara viticola; Vitis vinifera |
| MdLRP14 -OE |
exhibits smaller |
lesion areas upon V. mali infection |
Malus domestica |
| CfCE54 |
is |
Avr9B |
Fulvia fulva |
| effector proteins from avrRpv3.1 locus |
can effectively induce |
Rpv3.1-dependent cell death |
Vitis vinifera |
| Higher nitrogen (N) content in plant tissues |
suppresses |
necrotrophs such as Alternaria spp. and Fusarium spp. |
|
| necrotrophic, soil-borne fungal and oomycete pathogens |
represent |
most pathogens driving conspecific negative density dependence |
|
| rice blast disease |
is caused by |
M. oryzae |
Oryza sativa; Magnaporthe oryzae |
| g166h |
exhibited |
more consistent induction of cell death across experiments |
Vitis vinifera |
| GmBIR1 |
is upregulated in |
soybean cyst nematode (SCN) infection sites |
Glycine max |
| plant pathogens |
requires circumvention of |
host defense responses |
|
| effector proteins |
modulate |
host immune responses |
|
| RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG D (ATRBOHD, DELT1, RBOHD, AT5G47910) |
plays an important role in |
resistance against Colletotrichum higginsianum |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| positive effect of AMF inoculation through enhancing plant nitrogen acquisition |
may counterbalance |
negative effect of AMF inoculation through enhancing SA-dependent responses |
|
| PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 3 (CYP71B15, PAD3, AT3G26830) |
expression is required for |
oligogalacturonide (OG)-induced protection against Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| further validation studies |
could reveal |
more plant genes that have a greater effect on quantitative resistance |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| leaf shape |
influences |
disease progression |
|
| pb1cp mutants |
showed no difference in bacterial growth of |
Pseudomonas syringae pv cilantro (Pci) 0788-9 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protection response induced by elf18 |
examined against |
Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pathogen life history |
explains variation in |
effects of AMF inoculation on aboveground plant pathogens |
|
| delayed papilla formation |
results in |
increased Bgh infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fungal pathogen |
remains in |
infected roots |
Glycine max |
| variation in lesion eccentricity trait |
is highly dependent on |
interaction of plant and pathogen genotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Cotton Verticillium wilt |
is caused by |
Verticillium dahliae |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| lesion eccentricity |
is controlled by |
variation in both pathogen and host genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lesion color |
is a potentially key aspect of |
plant-pathogen interaction for vegetable and fruit crops |
|
| sprayed inoculations |
revealed interactions between the lesions such that |
outgrowth was limited |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| T-DNA insertion line SALK_090245C |
is susceptible to |
Phytophthora sojae |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Puccinia striiformis |
uses similar strategy to |
break down wheat resistance |
Triticum aestivum; Puccinia striiformis |
| specific spore concentration |
allows for |
high efficiency of lesion establishment with modest outgrowth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| bacterial suspensions at 5 × 10^4 cfu ml^−1 Pst |
is used for |
in-planta growth assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato strain DC3000 (Pst DC3000) infection |
modulates host responses through |
coronatine (COR) and the action of numerous type III effectors and programmed cell death responses |
|
| pathogen genotypes B05.10 and Supersteak |
show negative correlation between |
lesion size and eccentricity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ACD6, DEG16, AT4G14400) |
is the only gene associated solely with |
lesion greenness |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| understanding the complete network of genes that are critical for this interaction |
requires |
a diverse range of strategies |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plant glutaredoxins (GRXs) |
were recently shown to be involved in |
plant/pathogen interactions |
|
| treatment with oligogalacturonides (OGs) |
prompts (primes) tissue to |
produce camalexin either more rapidly and/or at higher levels in response to Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| unidentified Guy11 effector(s) |
may be secreted to |
rice cells |
Oryza sativa; Magnaporthe oryzae |
| bacterial diseases such as bacterial blight of rice |
tend to be more serious in |
tropical Asia |
Oryza sativa |
| diverse field infection strategies of this pathogen |
means that |
there is no single optimal system to find the important genes |
|
| Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola (Psm) |
is |
pathogen used in in-planta growth assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Botrytis cinerea |
produces polygalacturonase that acts as virulence factor in interaction with |
tomato |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Guy11 strain |
has evolved successful machinery to |
ward off the host defense and invade its host |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
| success of the pathogen in the host-pathogen interaction |
would depend on |
combination of the ability to infect local tissue and to move rapidly to distal tissue |
|
| Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) |
is |
pathogen used in in-planta growth assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| atl31-1 atl6-1 double knockout mutant |
causes increased susceptibility to |
Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| miR319-mediated silencing of OsTCP21 |
reveals |
common host resistance-suppressing strategy employed by various pathogens |
|
| color and shape of the developing lesion |
is genetically determined by |
variation in the host and in the pathogen and the interaction of genetic variation in the two organisms |
|
| most studies of quantitative resistance |
omit |
lesion shape and color |
|
| all anp mutants |
exhibited |
basal susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea similar to wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PHYE, AT4G18130) |
plays a role in |
lesion size |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| eccentric lesions |
tend to be |
smaller |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) avrRpt2 |
is |
pathogen used in in-planta growth assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| correlation between OsTCPs and ROS |
is also observed in |
rice infected by Guy11 |
Oryza sativa; Magnaporthe oryzae |
| sulfur transporter |
functions specifically in |
lesion size |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| single and double anp mutants |
were not protected by |
treatment with oligogalacturonides (OGs) or elf18 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| all three ANPs |
are required for |
elicitor-induced protection against Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| heritability of lesion eccentricity for plant-pathogen interaction |
is |
11.1% |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| most studies of quantitative resistance |
focus on |
pathogen biomass or lesion size measurements |
|
| protection response induced by oligogalacturonides (OGs) |
examined against |
Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (COI1, AT2G39940) |
is associated with |
lesion greenness |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (LecRK-IX.2, AT5G65600) mutant plants |
are equally susceptible to |
Pst (ΔavrPtoB) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Zea mays (maize) |
interacts with |
aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) |
Zea mays |
| defective protection in anp mutants |
was rescued in |
complemented (ANP3, AtANP3, MAPKKK12, NP3, AT3G06030) mutants expressing wild-type copy of gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lesion size trait |
is genetically determined by |
variation in the host and in the pathogen and the interaction of genetic variation in the two organisms |
|
| pathogen and MG132 co-treatment mixture |
is immediately infiltrated into |
Arabidopsis leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gene-for-gene resistance |
will lead to |
compatible or incompatible interaction |
|
| differentially phosphorylated proteins in WT-GmBIR1 and KD-GmBIR1 |
achieve mostly unique downstream signaling in |
WT-GmBIR1 and KD-GmBIR1 response to SCN infection |
Glycine max |
| m6A-associated genes |
related to |
plant-pathogen interaction |
Arachis hypogaea |
| MdLRP14 -RNAi |
exhibits significantly larger |
lesion areas upon V. mali infection |
Malus domestica |
| brassinosteroids (BRs) |
favoured |
fungal infection |
Oryza sativa |
| transgenic lines overexpressing (MIR398B, AT5G14545) |
show hypersensitivity to |
avirulent strain Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 hrcC− |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| atl31-1 single knockout mutant |
does not cause increased susceptibility to |
Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| active infections |
can affect |
many different traits within the plant host |
|
| acarbose co-infiltration in cpr6 mutant |
results in approximately 400% increase in |
bacterial growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| plant stress caused by pathogens |
reduces |
agricultural yields |
|
| genes with PAV variations |
were dramatically enriched in |
plant–pathogen interaction pathway (related to disease resistance; ko04626) |
Boehmeria nivea |
| Leptospaeria maculans |
is |
causal agent of foliar disease of oilseed rape |
Leptospaeria maculans |
| fungal pathogens |
repeatedly defeat |
crop resistance |
|
| pathogenic microbes |
have threatened |
plant survival |
|
| co-infiltration of acarbose and Pseudomonas syringae |
results in |
more prominent growth of bacteria |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| antisense-mediated transcriptional silencing of cell wall invertase (cwInv) |
does not interfere with |
growth of fungal pathogen |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| calcium-dependent protein kinase |
upregulated in |
field non-acclimation (F-NA) sample |
|
| gibberellin (GA) treatment |
enhanced resistance in a concentration-dependent manner |
fungal infection resistance |
Oryza sativa |
| approximately 100 rice MR genes conferring resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae |
confer resistance to |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
Oryza sativa |
| secreted effector proteins |
dampen |
plant defense responses |
|
| acarbose co-treatment in (ATICS1, EDS16, ICS1, SID2, AT1G74710) mutant |
results in approximately 600% higher bacterial growth compared to |
bacteria-alone treatment in (ATICS1, EDS16, ICS1, SID2, AT1G74710) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| P. syringae type III effectors and phytotoxin coronatine |
can augment |
COI1-dependent pathway in plants |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| (LecRK-IX.2, AT5G65600) mutant plants |
are more susceptible to |
Pst |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| calcium-binding protein |
upregulated in |
field non-acclimation (F-NA) sample |
|
| down-regulation of endogenous invertase inhibitor |
occurs during |
pathogen infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cell death role in plant-pathogen interactions |
depends on |
both the pathogen and its stage of growth |
|
| Gh_A12G0912 |
is induced by |
Pseudomonas syringae effector AvrB |
Gossypium hirsutum; Pseudomonas syringae |
| rice NB-LRR-type proteins |
play important roles in resistance to |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
Oryza sativa |
| acarbose-mediated increase of susceptibility |
is mediated by |
SA-independent mechanism |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| up-regulation of cell wall invertase (cwInv) |
occurs during |
plant-pathogen interactions |
|
| competition between (LecRK-IX.2, AT5G65600) degradation and AvrPtoB phosphorylation |
exists |
in plant-pathogen interaction |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pseudomonas syringae growth |
can be monitored in agromonas assay using |
both infiltration and spray inoculation |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| plant-pathogen interaction |
involves |
molecular mechanisms of infection and defence |
|
| direct manipulation of PM H+-ATPase activity by pathogens |
suggests |
PM H+-ATPases perform multiple roles in susceptible and resistant interactions |
|
| phenotypic assays |
involved |
infection assays with different strains of the plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| nitrile moiety |
can create |
a different covalent modification of both cysteine and serine residues |
|
| mock inoculations with water |
is control for |
pathogen infiltration assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| relationships among cytoskeleton, endomembrane system, and pathogens |
could lead to |
new approaches to engineer broad-spectrum pathogen resistance |
|
| acarbose effect in (ATICS1, EDS16, ICS1, SID2, AT1G74710) mutant |
is similar to |
acarbose effect in wild-type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AlphaFold 3 added functionality |
will prove useful to unravel |
extracellular plant-pathogen interactions |
|
| land plants |
face |
microbial pathogens |
|
| FLS2-flg22-BAK1 complex |
is |
resolved extracellular complex |
|
| genetic dispensability of (AXR1, AT1G05180) and (AXR2, IAA7, AT3G23050) in (CHS2, RPP4, AT4G16860) resistance |
suggests that |
SCF-mediated ubiquitination does not play a major role in restriction of biotrophic pathogens |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| invading pathogens |
may actively promote expression of |
negative regulators through the action of certain secreted effector proteins |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| agromonas method |
quantifies |
Pseudomonas syringae growth |
Nicotiana benthamiana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| Passalora fulva |
is |
causal agent of foliar disease of tomato |
Passalora fulva |
| mobile RNAs |
form key components of |
plant responses to pathogens |
|
| non-vascular/non-seed bryophytes |
is used to address |
fundamental questions on plant health |
|
| salicylic acid (SA) application |
promoted |
pathogenicity of a necrotrophic fungal pathogen |
|
| CERK1-chitin complex |
is |
resolved extracellular complex |
|
| (ATICS1, EDS16, ICS1, SID2, AT1G74710) mutant |
shows higher bacterial growth when treated with acarbose and |
Pseudomonas syringae |
|
| Maize Rxo1 |
confers resistance to |
Burkholderia andropogonis |
Zea mays |
| Zymoseptoria tritici |
is |
causal agent of foliar disease of wheat |
Zymoseptoria tritici |
| dn-OPDA treatment |
inhibited |
pathogenicity of a necrotrophic fungal pathogen |
|
| agromonas assay |
allows the study of |
available repertoire of Pseudomonas syringae mutants and strains |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| secondary metabolite toxins |
play a role in triggering |
plant defence responses |
|
| plant molecules and processes |
can be co-opted to |
promote infection |
|
| Mycosphaerella fijiensis |
is |
causal agent of foliar disease of banana |
Mycosphaerella fijiensis |
| rice |
is pathosystem with |
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae |
|
| MR genes |
confer resistance to |
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) |
Oryza sativa |
| Botrytis cinerea infection |
was followed by viewing |
disease symptoms |
|
| levels of secondary metabolites in cluster C |
were either not affected or decreased during |
infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| effector proteins |
modulate |
plant innate immunity |
|
| plant pathogenic fungi |
cause |
crop diseases |
|
| complex signaling networks |
result in |
susceptibility or resistance |
|
| combination of substrate identification approaches and genetically encoded sensors |
enables answering of questions regarding |
role of pathogen apoplastic proteases in shaping plant–pathogen interactions |
|
| single-cell RNA sequencing |
has been applied to study |
Arabidopsis thaliana infections with Colletotrichum higginsianum |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Colletotrichum higginsianum |
| transformants A22c11, A22c12, and A22c18 |
caused |
hypersensitive response on Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 similar to isolate A22 |
Leptosphaeria maculans; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plants |
face |
diverse microbial pathogens |
|
| gene-for-gene recognition |
results in |
incompatible interaction |
|
| Small molecules in the apoplast |
are abundant in |
apoplast |
|
| single carbon or oxygen modifications to a core terpene |
alter |
effector regulation |
|
| chloroplasts and peroxisomes |
gather near |
haustorium upon P. infestans infection |
|
| (ATSAGT1, GT, SAGT1, SGT1, UGT74F2, AT2G43820) and (ATRAR1, PBS2, RAR1, RPR2, AT5G51700) |
do not help to restrict |
necrotrophic fungal infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATSGT1B, EDM1, ETA3, RPR1, SGT1B, AT4G11260) mutant |
correlates with increased colonization of |
leaves compared to wild-type Col-0 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genetic additivity of (ATSGT1B, EDM1, ETA3, RPR1, SGT1B, AT4G11260) axr1-3 mutants |
points to |
minor but detectable contribution of (AXR1, AT1G05180) to oomycete resistance |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| constitutive overexpression of (ATWRKY48, WRKY48, AT5G49520) |
manifests as |
development of disease symptoms |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| P. syringae type III effector |
can compromise |
defense-related callose deposition in the host cell wall |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| powdery mildew fungi |
induce re-organization of |
host cell architecture and physiology |
|
| RXEG1-XEG1-BAK1 complex |
is |
resolved extracellular complex |
|
| Fusarium oxysporum or Verticillium longisporum |
might synthesize |
jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) or JA-Ile mimic |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali strain (ALT1, AT1G35290) |
causes |
Alternaria leaf spot |
Malus domestica |
| Verticillium dahlia |
causes |
economically important wilt disease in several crops |
Verticillium dahlia |
| terpenes |
likely have |
different mechanistic targets |
|
| effectors |
are powerful tools to modulate |
plant defence and developmental processes |
|
| seedlings on chemical-free MS plates |
are inoculated with |
Pseudomonas cucumerina suspension or water |
|
| certain virulence factors from the bacterial pathogen |
promote |
parasitism |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| salicylic acid (SA) |
accumulates in |
compatible interactions |
|
| fully expanded leaves (+3 leaves) |
are more susceptible to |
Alternaria alternata |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| +3 leaves |
are more susceptible to |
Alternaria alternata |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| glucose transport |
is enhanced after infection |
wheat–powdery mildew interaction |
Triticum aestivum; Blumeria graminis |
| Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 polymutants |
can be tested in |
agromonas assays |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| positive contribution of auxin signaling to defense against necrotrophic fungi |
may render this pathway vulnerable to |
manipulation by pathogens |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| metabolite profiling method |
was used for |
Arabidopsis leaves infected with Pseudomonas |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| MS medium-grown plants |
were inoculated with |
Botrytis cinerea |
|
| wild-type virulent and avirulent Pst DC3000 strains |
enhance |
(ATWRKY48, WRKY48, AT5G49520) expression |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| vascular wilt diseases |
occur in |
a wide range of host crops |
|
| invertase activity |
is increased in |
plant–biotroph interactions |
|
| soil-grown plants |
were inoculated by drop inoculation with |
5 μl of 4 × 10^5 spores ml^-1 Pectobacterium cucumerina suspension |
|
| increase in hypersensitive response |
was associated with |
increase in fungal biomass |
Leptosphaeria maculans; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| type III effector proteins from P. syringae |
suppress |
hypersensitive cell death of plant host cells |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| Pst DC3000 hrcC mutant strain defective in the type III secretion system |
did not enhance |
(ATWRKY48, WRKY48, AT5G49520) expression |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| Hyaloperonospora parasitica isolate Emwa1 |
was used for |
plant inoculation |
|
| flavonoids |
contribute to |
plant defence |
Fragaria × ananassa |
| Arabidopsis |
is |
non-host for Phytophthora infestans |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| seven MR genes (Xa1, Xa3/Xa26, xa5, xa13, Xa21, xa25, and Xa27) against Xoo |
indicate |
functional diversity in rice–Xoo interactions |
Oryza sativa |
| disease-causing microbes |
have evolved to coopt |
cytoskeleton and endomembrane |
|
| Arabidopsis thaliana |
can be |
useful model for the study of plant-pathogen interaction in a Rosaceae plant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lesion areas in leaves of transgenic line |
were statistically significantly larger than |
lesion areas on parental leaves |
Fragaria × ananassa |
| inoculation of Arabidopsis with grey mould fungus Botrytis cinerea |
resulted in |
necrotic lesions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a mutants |
can be tested in |
agromonas assays |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| plant microbiome structure changes upon infection |
may reflect |
changes made to habitat by pathogen |
|
| Nucleic acids in the apoplast |
are present in |
apoplast |
|
| strong up-regulation of VvSWEET4 |
upon infection with |
B. cinerea |
Vitis vinifera; Botrytis cinerea |
| production of SA precursors |
is major function of PAL in |
resistance of Arabidopsis to Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rar1-10 mutant |
shows similar reduction in plant fresh weight to |
wild-type Ler upon Pseudomonas cucumerina infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| disease rating scale |
includes |
severe tissue maceration |
|
| disease rating scale |
includes |
necrosis |
|
| 35S:NS-Vitis3 strawberry line |
was tested for susceptibility to |
fungal infection |
Fragaria × ananassa |
| (ATSGT1B, EDM1, ETA3, RPR1, SGT1B, AT4G11260) axr1-3 double mutant |
shows increased susceptibility to |
Hyaloperonospora parasitica Emwa1 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| inoculated plants |
had measured |
average disease rating at different dpi |
|
| certain virulence factors from the bacterial pathogen |
may actively promote expression of |
negative regulatory genes such as (ATWRKY48, WRKY48, AT5G49520) |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| tobacco |
is generally more susceptible to disease in early than in late phases to |
Phytophthora parasitica |
Nicotiana tabacum; Phytophthora parasitica |
| BSMV-TaSYP132 pre-infected wheat leaves |
showed increased number and size of |
necrotic spots on wheat leaves inoculated with Pst avirulent race CYR23 |
Triticum aestivum |
| Oy-0 |
is clearly more susceptible than |
Col-0 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pst DC3000 inoculated plants |
were assessed for |
bacterial populations |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| (AGP17, ATAGP17, AT2G23130) |
might influence |
Agrobacterium binding |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATEXO70B2, EXO70B2, AT1G07000) mutants |
show increase in abnormal papilla formation with unusual wide halo upon inoculation with |
Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wrky75At22 mutant plants |
behave differently from |
wild-type plants in both compatible and incompatible interactions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| VIGS |
has been successfully used on leaves to |
decipher plant responses to pathogens |
|
| transcriptomic study |
aims to characterize |
grapevine responses to Eutypa lata infection |
Vitis vinifera |
| aphid stylet interaction with plant cells |
is similar to |
pathogen–plant cells interaction during infection |
|
| pathogen-triggered changes in metabolite levels |
may reflect |
plant responses and pathogen requirements |
|
| root CWINV activity in Vicia faba |
was affected by |
shoot pathogen Uromyces fabae |
Vicia faba; Uromyces fabae |
| young leaves of tobacco |
are highly resistant to |
Alternaria alternata |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| increased permeability of host cells |
induced by chitosan could facilitate |
infection by enabling fungal products to enter host cells |
|
| DELLA proteins |
promote resistance to |
necrotrophs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (GAI, RGA2, AT1G14920) mutant |
shows elevated resistance to |
Alternaria brassicicola |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| degradation of DELLAs and disabling of JA-mediated necrotroph resistance |
results concomitantly in |
loss of DELLA-mediated growth restraint |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IPO 2679 complemented with CfCE54 |
restores |
avirulence of IPO 2679 on mature Cf-9 plants |
Fulvia fulva; Solanum lycopersicum |
| plant growth type |
explains variation in |
effects of AMF inoculation on aboveground plant pathogens |
|
| negative effects |
were most commonly observed with |
necrotrophic pathogens |
|
| complex role of programed cell death in plant disease |
is believed to be due to |
fact that genes commonly associated with resistance confer susceptibility |
|
| Albugo |
is causal agent of |
white blister rust |
Brassicaceae |
| callose deposition differences |
reflects different effect on |
Meloidogyne graminicola infection |
Oryza sativa; Meloidogyne graminicola |
| viral systems |
illustrate |
complexity of interactions in age-related resistance |
|
| absence of avrRpv3.1 genes |
correlates with |
strains' virulence on Rpv3.1+ grapevine cultivars |
Plasmopara viticola; Vitis vinifera |
| (ATRBOHD, DELT1, RBOHD, AT5G47910) phosphorylation at S343 and S347 |
is crucial for |
resistance against Colletotrichum higginsianum |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| microbial pathogens |
reduce |
host plant fitness |
|
| pathogen life history |
should be included in |
frameworks used to predict plant-microorganism interactions |
|
| miRNAs and their targets |
have regulatory effects on |
pathogen infection |
|
| elevated [CO2]-treated leaves |
are much more susceptible to |
Botrytis cinerea |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| infection assays |
is performed using |
seedling flood inoculation assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| Col-0 |
displays increased hydathode resistance to Xcc compared with |
Oy-0 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATCML9, CAM9, CML9, AT3G51920) overexpression lines (OE-CC-2 and OE-CC-5) |
exhibit significantly enhanced bacterial growth in response to |
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Pph) 1448a |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| higher foliar nitrogen concentrations |
promote infections by |
biotrophic pathogen |
|
| tomato |
is host for |
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) |
Solanum lycopersicum; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici |
| arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation |
dramatically decreases |
necrotroph impact |
|
| + AVR-Pikp:AVR-Pik and + AVR-Pikp:Ak:mCherry |
fail to cause disease in |
rice cultivar Kanto51 (Pik+) |
Magnaporthe oryzae; Oryza sativa |
| wat1-1 Pro35S:AFB1-myc transgenic line |
exhibits partially restored susceptibility to |
Ralstonia solanacearum |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BG-pEDV-AVR-Pii and BG-pEDV |
show no significant difference in bacterial numbers in |
Nicotiana benthamiana leaves |
Burkholderia glumae; Nicotiana benthamiana |
| fungal cell wall |
is |
initial barrier between the two organisms |
|
| environmental conditions |
influence |
quantitative interaction between grapevine and downy mildew |
Vitis vinifera; Plasmopara viticola |
| deletion in the (NAI1, AT2G22770) promoter |
is associated with |
increased susceptibility to the mutualistic fungus Piriformospora parasitica |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plant monosaccharide transporter expression |
is increased in |
plant–biotroph interactions |
|
| Constitutive overexpression of CaPAL1 in Arabidopsis |
conferred |
reduced susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BSMV-TaNPSN11 pre-infected wheat leaves |
showed increased number and size of |
necrotic spots on wheat leaves inoculated with Pst avirulent race CYR23 |
Triticum aestivum |
| whole-plant inoculation experiment |
reveals increased infection in |
elevated [CO2]-treated plants |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| systemic changes in INV and SUS activity |
have frequently been described during |
plant–pathogen interactions |
|
| CaPAL1 silencing |
promoted |
Xcv growth |
Capsicum annuum |
| Pseudomonas syringae infection in pTRV:NPR1-silenced plants |
causes much more severe symptoms than in |
pTRV:0 plants |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| bacterial growth analysis |
is used to measure |
Pseudomonas syringae growth |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| sensitized ROS- and SA-mediated responses in GhFMO1-expressing plants |
might be responsible for |
susceptibility to V. dahliae |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| CaPAL1-silenced pepper plants |
exhibited |
increased susceptibility to Xcv infection |
Capsicum annuum |
| Bacterial growth in Arabidopsis |
is measured by |
bacterial colony forming unit (CFU) counting |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 |
| Botrytis cinerea challenge |
enhances |
glucose transport |
Pinus |
| pathogen infection |
has been shown to lead to |
changes in expression of many genes involved in amino acid metabolism and transport |
|
| Microscopic examination of lesions (monitored by trypan blue) |
revealed |
lesions spread beyond fungal infection foci in (ATBAK1, ATSERK3, BAK1, ELG, RKS10, SERK3, AT4G33430) lines but remained restricted to inoculation sites in Col-0 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATBAK1, ATSERK3, BAK1, ELG, RKS10, SERK3, AT4G33430) is not a spontaneous lesion-mimic mutant of the lsd class |
indicates |
susceptibility to fungal infection is unlikely to be due to enhanced saprophytic growth base |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AvrPtoB |
was initially identified through |
activation of hypersensitive resistance in tomato cultivars expressing Pto kinase |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Pseudomonas syringae effector AvrPto |
blocks |
innate immunity |
|
| ABA distribution pattern |
at least partially contributed to |
age-dependent susceptibility |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| irAOC plants |
were more susceptible to |
Alternaria alternata |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| GhFMO1 (flavin-dependent monooxygenase 1) overexpression |
aggravated |
Verticillium wilt symptoms in tobacco |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) |
is sufficient to limit infection by |
non-adapted pathogens |
|
| TaSYP132 |
transcriptional regulation in wheat response to |
Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) |
Triticum aestivum |
| pTRV:PI-silenced plants |
do not exhibit altered resistance to |
Pseudomonas syringae |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| wat1-1 jar1-1 double mutant |
exhibits similar resistance to |
Ralstonia solanacearum |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| leaves from double and single mutant top lines |
inoculated with |
pathogens |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtGBF1, GBF1, AT4G36730) binding in the (ATPAD4, PAD4, AT3G52430) intron |
is enhanced upon |
Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326 (Psm) inoculation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| aberrant response in (ATPSAT1, ERP1, PSAT1, AT1G04010) mutant |
is observed after infection by |
non-adapted pathogen Phytophthora infestans |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Filipin staining of barley leaf epidermal cells infected with Blumeria graminis |
shows |
enrichment of sterols at sites of pathogen attack |
Hordeum vulgare |
| Ralstonia solanacearum growth |
is strongly decreased in |
wat1-3 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wat1-3 mutant |
is as susceptible as Col-0 to |
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Sasa2 WT and all transformants |
successfully infect |
rice cultivar Moukoto (Pik−, Pii−) |
Magnaporthe oryzae; Oryza sativa |
| transcriptomic study |
describes |
grapevine response after infection by Eutypa lata |
Vitis vinifera |
| young source–sink transition leaves |
are more resistant to |
Alternaria alternata |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| Constitutive overexpression of CaPAL1 in Arabidopsis |
conferred |
increased basal resistance to infection by the obligate biotrophic oomycete Hpa |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| reduction of wax content in (ACBP, ACBP1, AtACBP1, AT5G53470) mutant |
could have caused |
greater susceptibility to Botrytis infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| whole-plant inoculation protocol |
provides more reliable and reproducible system than |
detached leaf-based infection studies |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| impaired response to elicitors in anp single mutants |
likely causes |
lack of protection against Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| location of the droplet by the midrib |
facilitated |
measurement of preferential growth along the primary but not the secondary vasculature |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| X. oryzae pv. oryzae |
induces |
otherwise developmentally regulated host genes |
Oryza sativa |
| BSMV-TaNPSN13 pre-infected wheat leaves |
showed increased number and size of |
necrotic spots on wheat leaves inoculated with Pst avirulent race CYR23 |
Triticum aestivum |
| Pseudomonas syringae growth |
is in good agreement with |
disease symptom |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| T-DNA insertion line SALK_148857C |
is susceptible to |
Phytophthora sojae |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (04C11, ATPEN1, PEN1, AT4G15340) |
acts at |
prehaustorial level |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATPAD4, PAD4, AT3G52430) |
is associated with |
lesion greenness |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| individual SNPs |
appeared to have |
small effects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| further validation studies |
could fill gaps in |
our knowledge of the cellular mechanisms involved in lesion traits and pathogen virulence |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 35S-ATL31 overexpression line |
shows enhanced resistance to |
Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATGSL05, ATGSL5, EED3, GSL05, GSL5, PMR4, AT4G03550) or (ATGSL06, ATGSL6, CALS1, GSL06, GSL6, AT1G05570) gene expression |
show no major changes in |
response to Phytophthora infestans |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtSERPIN1, SERPIN1, AT1G47710) mutant plants |
accelerates growth of |
Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Botrytis cinerea |
| Phytophthora species and related oomycetes |
seriously affect |
crop yield |
|
| sugar transport and partitioning |
are affected following infection with |
biotrophic fungal and oomycete pathogens |
|
| transgenic lines overexpressing (MIR398B, AT5G14545) |
show hypersensitivity to |
virulent strain Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| anp mutants |
examined for susceptibility to |
Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| droplet placed near the primary vasculature |
ensured that |
this would create an elliptical growth pattern allowing easy measurement of eccentricity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| bacterial suspensions at 1 × 10^5 cfu ml^−1 Pst avrRpm1 |
is used for |
in-planta growth assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SynComA without Aeromicrobium fastidiosum I01 |
observed |
variable decrease in the resistance of the plant to infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| structural variations at avrRpv3.1 locus in different geographical strains |
confirm |
involvement in breakdown of Rpv3.1 resistance |
Plasmopara viticola; Vitis vinifera |
| genes g164 and g165 |
are |
most promising candidates to be cognate Rpv3.1 avirulence genes |
Plasmopara viticola |
| pathogenic effectors |
could specifically target |
proteins associated with ROS scavenging |
|
| DG7 transformants expressing wild-type AvrPib allele |
were incompatible on |
cultivar BL1 |
Magnaporthe oryzae; Oryza sativa |
| spraying inoculation approach |
obtained |
similar results |
Magnaporthe oryzae; Oryza sativa |
| Bacterial inoculum |
is prepared at |
5 × 10^6 CFU/mL concentration |
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 |
| Tn5:lux strains |
used to evaluate |
plant immunity level in Arabidopsis lines |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (RPM1, RPS3, AT3G07040) gene |
encodes resistance to |
Pseudomonas syringae |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| individual gene validation efforts |
showed that |
most of these individual genes can have 25% or larger effects on the trait |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| no gene |
affected |
all of these lesion traits |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GWA on lesion traits |
requires |
polygenic models, like the ridge regression approach |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CFU counting assay |
measures |
bacterial colonization |
Pseudomonas protegens; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pst DC3000 inoculated plants |
were covered with |
plastic lid to maintain high humidity |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| P. parasitica |
is |
soil fungus with spores that infect tobacco roots |
Phytophthora parasitica |
| Verticillium dahliae |
is responsible for |
vascular wilt diseases |
|
| AtWRKY26 mutants |
show no enhanced susceptibility to |
necrotrophic pathogens |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATCML9, CAM9, CML9, AT3G51920) |
restricts susceptibility to |
virulent Pto DC3000 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMED14, MED14, SWP, AT3G04740) and (AtSFR6, GLH2, IEN1, MED16, SFR6, YID1, AT4G04920) |
play positive role in |
resistance to Pst DC3000/ avrRpt2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Gibberella |
might secrete |
gibberellin (GA) as a virulence factor to degrade DELLAs and disable JA-mediated necrotroph resistance |
Gibberella fujikuroi |
| Infection with the virulent fungus Botrytis cinerea |
caused |
complete decay of (ATBAK1, ATSERK3, BAK1, ELG, RKS10, SERK3, AT4G33430) plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| reduced HR in BG-pEDV-AVR-Pik |
is not caused by |
reduction of bacterial numbers |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| suppression of TaADF7 expression |
resulted in |
weakened ROS accumulation in the wheat–Pst incompatible interaction |
Triticum aestivum |
| core effector PhRXLR-C01 |
is proposed as |
AVR component of AVR/R couple |
Helianthus annuus L. |
| effect of AvrRpt2, AvrRpm1, or (AtRIN4, RIN4, AT3G25070) levels on plant defense |
correlates with |
growth of P. syringae |
Pseudomonas syringae |
| M. oryzae isolate Sasa2 transformed with AVR-Pikp:signal peptide(sp):HA:AVR-Pik and AVR-Piip:sp:HA:AVR-Pii |
are used in |
rice inoculation assay |
Magnaporthe oryzae; Oryza sativa |
| (RD21, RD21A, AT1G47128) silencing |
resulted in increase in |
number of lesions in Botrytis cinerea infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Botrytis cinerea |
| Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Pph) |
is pathogen of |
Phaseolus vulgaris (bean) |
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola |
| Ralstonia solanacearum effector PopP2 |
targets |
multiple WRKY transcription factors |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC30000 (Pst DC3000) |
multiplies approximately 100-fold more in |
ARABIDOPSIS PROFILIN 3 mutant (PFN3, PRF3, AT5G56600) |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| cml9-1 knockout mutant |
exhibits enhanced susceptibility to |
Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola (Pma) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TBL10, AT3G06080) mutant |
exhibits similar level of susceptibility to |
Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| knock-down of GbTSA1 |
improves |
cotton resistance to V. dahliae |
Gossypium barbadense |
| T6SS |
can directly influence |
plants |
|
| bacterial suppression of stomatal defense |
is |
common phenomenon in plant-bacterium interactions |
|
| Nicotiana tabacum |
does not follow the general pattern of increased early susceptibility to |
Alternaria alternata |
Nicotiana tabacum; Alternaria alternata |
| competition for sugar at the plant–microbe interface |
is controlled by |
membrane transporters |
|
| TaNPSN12 |
transcriptional regulation in wheat response to |
Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) |
Triticum aestivum |
| Arabidopsis accession Col-0 |
is |
partially resistant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| chlorophyll fluorescence parameters |
are affected in |
plant-pathogen interactions |
|
| post-translational inhibition of cell wall invertase (cwInv) activity by acarbose |
results in |
more pronounced growth of bacterial pathogen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pst (avrPtoB S335A) infection |
showed slightly less but not significantly different |
bacterial titer from that of Pst |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LecRK-IX.2-overexpression plants |
displayed enhanced disease resistance to |
Pst |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| WRKY transcription factor 33 |
upregulated in |
field non-acclimation (F-NA) sample |
|
| Col-0 |
is generally considered to be |
susceptible host for Xcc8004 ΔxopAC |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| KD-GmBIR1 overexpression |
shows remarkable increase in |
plant resistance to SCN |
Glycine max |
| 175 differentially phosphorylated peptides |
are identified in |
infected WT-GmBIR1 roots compared with noninfected WT-GmBIR1 roots |
Glycine max |
| plant vascular system |
can be disrupted by |
invading pathogens, especially plant viruses |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Avr9B-like protein from Pseudocercospora fuligena (HII31_03919) |
triggers |
chlorotic response |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| cell death responses triggered by Avr9B-like proteins in N. benthamiana |
are not dependent on |
(EVR, SOBIR1, AT2G31880) |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| Cluster 2 genes (Nitrate-C2; 4881 genes) |
are enriched in pathways of |
plant-pathogen interaction, autophagy, and signaling responses |
Lotus japonicus |
| Cf-9B-mediated resistance |
was overcome |
second |
Fulvia fulva; Solanum lycopersicum |
| jasmonic acid-mediated immunity |
occurs during |
Plasmodiophora brassicae secondary infection |
Brassica napus; Arabidopsis thaliana; Brassica rapa; Brassica oleracea |
| species-specific impacts of mycorrhizal fungal species on their hosts |
may explain |
reduction in effects of AMF inoculation as diversity increases |
|
| PevD1ox and ORE1ox plants |
exhibit |
more severe disease symptoms |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| massive callose depositions in the mesophyll cell layer |
are formed in response to inoculation with |
invasive filamentous pathogens |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| effector protein PTTG_04779 |
is identified as |
candidate protein for AvrLr19 |
Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici |
| movement of hyphae from host root cortex to xylem vessels |
is critical for |
disease progression |
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici; Solanum lycopersicum |
| pathogen life history |
included in studies of how AMF inoculation affects plant diseases, will enable better prediction of |
disease occurrences |
|
| effector recognition by resistance proteins |
defines |
compatibility with host genotype or host species |
|
| 100 differentially phosphorylated peptides |
are identified in |
infected KD-GmBIR1 roots compared with noninfected KD-GmBIR1 roots |
Glycine max |
| Magnaporthe oryzae |
needs to overcome |
host immunity |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
| hyphal growth in infected roots |
is characterized by |
centripetal growth towards the stele |
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici; Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ATRBOHD, DELT1, RBOHD, AT5G47910) mutants |
showed increased |
lesion diameters |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATRBOHD, DELT1, RBOHD, AT5G47910) pRBOHD:3xFLAG-gRBOHD S343A/S347A transgenic plants |
showed increased |
lesion diameters |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| repertoire of effectors present in a pathogen |
largely defines |
compatibility with host species |
|
| Fulvia fulva strain P31 |
was inoculated onto |
mature MM-Cf-0 and MM-Cf-9 tomato plants |
Fulvia fulva; Solanum lycopersicum |
| AMF inoculation |
may facilitate |
biotrophic pathogens |
|
| effects of AMF inoculation on plant resistance |
are reduced as |
AMF diversity increases |
|
| 5-weeks-old WT Arabidopsis plants |
were placed in |
1μM Ascr2 or Ascr18 solution |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| suppression of JA synthesis component genes |
suggests |
Guy11 infection can suppress the expression of these genes and evade the JA-mediated rice defense response |
Oryza sativa; Magnaporthe oryzae |
| Fusarium wilt |
is caused by |
Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) |
Fusarium oxysporum |
| PpE18 |
interacted with |
NbAPX3-1 |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| pb1cp mutants |
showed no difference in bacterial growth of |
Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pto) DC3000 COR− |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| p35S:PB1CP-3xHA lines |
showed larger |
lesion diameters |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TRV::GhORE1 plants |
exhibits lower |
percentage of wilting plants |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| PevD1 |
interacts with |
(ANAC092, ATNAC2, ATNAC6, NAC2, NAC6, ORE1, AT5G39610) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phytoplasma |
is a phloem invading pathogen |
plants |
|
| no significant effects |
were observed with |
biotrophic pathogens |
|
| carborundum |
is routinely used to aid |
screening of plant susceptibility for pathogens |
|
| Alternanthera philoxeroides |
developed |
distinct rhizosphere fungal pathogens |
Alternanthera philoxeroides; China |
| HII31_03919 |
does not trigger cell death response when co-expressed with |
Cf-9B |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| Rpv3.1-mediated resistance |
is conferred by |
Rpv3.1 locus |
Vitis vinifera |
| specific single-stranded ribonuclease effectors |
mediate |
plant–microbe interaction |
Colletotrichum orbiculare; Cucumis sativus |
| pb1cp mutants |
showed smaller |
lesion diameters |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 88 phosphopeptides |
show increased abundance in |
infected root samples relative to noninfected control root samples |
Glycine max |
| diminished pathogen control over host resistance genes |
enables |
plants to mount specialized resistance against the disease |
|
| W97C mutation in Avr9B |
enables |
evasion of recognition by Cf-9B |
Fulvia fulva; Solanum lycopersicum |
| transient expression assays |
demonstrated that |
all genes induced cell death in Regent but not in Syrah |
Vitis vinifera |
| microbial pathogens |
reduce |
host plant photosynthesis |
|
| arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation |
does not affect |
biotroph impact |
|
| specific AMF genera |
had stronger negative effects on |
pathogens |
|
| this research |
deepened understanding of |
plant-pathogen interactions |
|
| germination of dormant conidia in soil |
leads to |
fungal hyphae adhering to and invading tomato roots |
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici; Solanum lycopersicum |
| AMF genus |
explains variation in |
effects of AMF inoculation on aboveground plant pathogens |
|
| type III secretion system-dependent translocation of Bg_9562 into host apoplast |
is important for |
elicitation of immune responses during colonization of NGJ1 |
Solanum lycopersicum; Burkholderia gladioli |
| W97C mutant of Avr9B |
is unable to trigger |
Cf-9B-dependent cell death response |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| breakdown of Rpv3.1 resistance |
correlates with |
deletion of genes within avrRpv3.1 locus |
Plasmopara viticola; Vitis vinifera |
| ABA receptors |
are involved in |
plant-pathogen interactions |
|
| wat1-3 mutant |
exhibits delay in |
symptom development (leaf wilting) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Ralstonia solanacearum growth |
is strongly decreased in |
wat1-1 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (RD21, RD21A, AT1G47128) mutant plants |
compromises growth of |
Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Botrytis cinerea |
| Botrytis cinerea |
can grow better in |
HR-induced plants |
|
| wild-type plants |
challenged with |
Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 (avrRpt2) |
|
| acarbose co-treatment in (ATICS1, EDS16, ICS1, SID2, AT1G74710) mutant |
further increases |
bacterial growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| 12 phosphopeptides |
show decreased abundance in |
infected root samples relative to noninfected control root samples |
Glycine max |
| VmR2-siR1 |
targeted |
novel disease resistance-related gene in apple |
Malus domestica |
| PpE18 |
is required for |
full pathogenicity of P. parasitica |
Phytophthora parasitica |
| AVR-Pii |
is |
avirulence effector protein |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
| line that overexpress (AtSERPIN1, SERPIN1, AT1G47710) |
compromised growth of |
necrotrophic fungi |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Plant pathogenic nematodes |
cause |
serious damage to crop plants |
|
| BG-pEDV-AVR-Pik |
shows significantly lower bacterial growth than |
BG-pEDV (empty vector) |
Burkholderia glumae; Oryza sativa |
| (ATPME3, OZS2, PME3, AT3G14310) |
interacts with and is possibly targeted by |
cellulose-binding protein from parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Heterodera schachtii |
| (AtSFR6, GLH2, IEN1, MED16, SFR6, YID1, AT4G04920) plants |
are more susceptible to |
Pst DC3000/ avrRpt2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| + AVR-Piip:AVR-Pii and + AVR-Piip:Ai:mCherry |
fail to infect |
rice cultivar Kakehashi (Pii+) |
Magnaporthe oryzae; Oryza sativa |
| top mutants |
exhibited WT levels of growth in the case of infections with |
avirulent Pst avrRpm1 or Pst avrPphB, virulent P. syringae pv. maculicola, or the defective P. syringae ∆hrcC strain |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana |
shows no noticeable change in disease resistance with |
ARABIDOPSIS PROFILIN 3 overexpression line (AtPRF3-OE) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| enhanced response in (ATPSAT1, ERP1, PSAT1, AT1G04010) mutant |
does not correlate with |
obvious alterations in the growth of the pathogen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cystatin CC9 |
is transcriptionally induced upon penetration by |
Ustilago maydis strains secreting effector protein (ATPEP1, PEP1, PROPEP1, AT5G64900) |
Zea mays; Ustilago maydis |
| 28-day-old Col-0 and T3 transgenic plants |
were inoculated with |
V. dahliae |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Verticillium dahliae |
| AVR-Pik |
is |
avirulence effector protein |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
| Blumeria graminis inoculation |
shows no differences in |
cell death |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PMU genes |
include |
effectors that modulate plant development |
|
| ROS regulation |
appears to be |
critical battleground between plants and pathogens |
|
| V. dahliae |
acquires |
nutrients released from senescent leaves |
Verticillium dahliae |
| (PMR5, TBL44, AT5G58600) tbr1 double mutant |
was more susceptible to |
all strains of Botrytis cinerea except UKRazz |
|
| PthXo1 |
induces |
Xa13 expression |
Xanthomonas oryzae |
| composition of microbial communities |
can influence |
disease |
|
| Verticillium wilt |
is first observed on |
upland cotton |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| wat1-1 (AMT1, ASA1, JDL1, TRP5, WEI2, AT5G05730) double mutant |
does not exhibit partial restoration of susceptibility to |
Verticillium dahliae |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Sasa2 WT and all five strains |
successfully infect |
susceptible rice cultivar Moukoto (Pik−, Pii−) |
Magnaporthe oryzae; Oryza sativa |
| top mutant lines |
challenged with |
several strains of Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae |
| aberrant response in (ATPSAT1, ERP1, PSAT1, AT1G04010) mutant |
is observed after infection by |
non-adapted pathogen Blumeria graminis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AP-3 beta, PAT2, WAT1, AT3G55480) mutant |
maintains resistance when pathogen is injected into |
central leaf vein (vascular system) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protease-protease inhibitor interactions |
are not just |
important feature shaping the fate of plant-pathogen associations |
|
| this research |
documented |
mechanism by which P. parasitica attacks host plant to promote infection |
Phytophthora parasitica |
| Funneliformis |
had stronger negative effects on |
pathogens |
|
| new auxin maxima |
is imperative for |
symptom onset |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| diverse cargo delivered to microbial contact sites |
combat |
invading microbes |
|
| plant-pathogenic filamentous eukaryotes from three different phyla |
infect |
plant hosts that include monocots and dicots |
|
| (AtSERPIN1, SERPIN1, AT1G47710) mutant plants |
accelerates growth of |
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum |
| (ANP2, MAPKKK2, NP2, AT1G54960) (ANP3, AtANP3, MAPKKK12, NP3, AT3G06030) double mutant |
was |
more resistant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| suppression of miR319-mediated JA signaling |
may be |
counter defense mechanism conserved among many plant/pathogen systems |
|
| Cf-9C |
was overcome |
first |
Fulvia fulva; Solanum lycopersicum |
| Phytophthora sojae |
is not able to penetrate |
ecotype Col-0 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GWA within the Arabidopsis accessions and subsequent mutant validation studies |
showed that |
four lesion traits had a blend of distinct and overlapping genetic mechanisms |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| bacterial suspensions at 2 × 10^5 cfu ml^−1 (PSP, PSP1, AT1G18640) |
is used for |
in-planta growth assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CRY1-ovx plants |
show reduced bacterial growth of |
virulent Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 |
|
| partial phosphorylation of AvrPtoB |
resulted in |
AvrPtoB virulence was only partially reduced during pathogen infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| calmodulin |
up- or downregulated in |
field non-acclimation (F-NA) sample |
|
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 6 |
has been shown to be required for |
oligogalacturonide (OG)- and flg22-induced resistance to Botrytis cinerea |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| broader life history studies of plant-pathogen interactions in the field |
could identify |
the potential ecological or evolutionary drivers of these traits |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Colletotrichum higginsianum infection process |
increases likelihood of |
ROS exposure |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| effectors |
play deterministic roles in |
outcome of plant–pathogen interactions |
|
| knock-down of GbICS1 |
makes plants more susceptible to |
V. dahliae |
Gossypium barbadense |
| OsTPS19 RNA interference (RNAi) lines |
were more susceptible to |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
rice (Oryza sativa) |
| defective protection in anp mutants |
was also rescued in |
complemented (ANP2, MAPKKK2, NP2, AT1G54960) (ANP3, AtANP3, MAPKKK12, NP3, AT3G06030) double mutant expressing wild-type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PSS1, AT3G59640) |
may act at |
prehaustorial and posthaustorial levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| generation of visual traits |
can identify |
genes not known to influence lesion size |
|
| preferential growth along the primary vasculature |
implies |
shift from general radial outward growth to directed growth along the leaf midrib |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| findings of this study |
suggest that |
there are potentially unrecognized mechanisms that may be important for plant-pathogen interactions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Phytophthora sojae |
can penetrate single cells of |
pen1-1 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 35S-ATL6 overexpression line |
shows enhanced resistance to |
Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| moving the droplet away from the midrib |
would still allow for measuring |
preferential growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| four candidate genes |
can influence |
rice phenotype in interaction with Xoo or M. grisea |
Oryza sativa |
| Avr9B-like protein from Stemphylium lycopersici (TW65_01570) |
triggers |
strong cell death response |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| corresponding wild-type genotypes |
were protected by |
treatment with oligogalacturonides (OGs) or elf18 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (LUX, PCL1, AT3G46640) |
functions specifically in |
lesion size |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| atl6-1 single knockout mutant |
does not cause increased susceptibility to |
Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| coronatine (COR) treatment |
does not cause |
tissue damage or attacker-derived effector molecules |
|
| eccentric lesions |
are associated with |
preferential growth along the primary vasculature |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| candidate genes that were tested using insertional mutants |
affected |
more than one aspect of the plant-pathogen interaction |
Arabidopsis thaliana |