| (ATMSH5, MSH5, AT3G20475) single mutant |
shows |
pairing of homologous chromosomes completed at pachytene |
Oryza sativa |
| irregular chromosome associations in Osalkbh5 PMCs at Metaphase I |
develop into |
clearly distinguishable entangled masses in 55.1% of Osalkbh5 PMCs |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| (FIGL1, AT3G27120) (ASY3, AtASY3, AT2G46980) double mutant |
shows chromosome fragmentation in |
100% of metaphase I |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rad51d-5 mutant meiocytes |
have chiasma frequency significantly reduced to |
9.9 ± 0.8 at metaphase I |
Oryza sativa |
| downregulation of (ATRAD54, CHR25, RAD54, AT3G19210) |
is required to maintain |
WT level of HEI10-MLH1 cofoci in (FIGL1, AT3G27120) (ATRAD54, CHR25, RAD54, AT3G19210) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| DISRUPTION OF MEIOTIC CONTROL1 (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) gene |
is undetectable in |
aposporous initial (AI) cells |
Hieracium |
| two 5S rDNA foci in rad51c-3 −/− rad51d-4 +/− background |
suggest that |
bivalents are composed of homologous chromosomes |
Oryza sativa |
| hyperaccumulation of (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) foci in (FIGL1, AT3G27120) hop2-2 and (ASY1, ATASY1, AT1G67370) |
is similar to |
(FIGL1, AT3G27120) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| haploid embryo |
contains |
one set of chromosomes (n) |
|
| rad51d-5 mutant |
exhibited |
intermediate phenotype |
Oryza sativa |
| almost no pairing at pachytene in rad51c-3 −/− rad51d-4 −/− background |
is |
meiotic defect in rad51c-3 −/− rad51d-4 −/− background |
Oryza sativa |
| degree of chromosomal entanglement in rad51c-3 dmc1a dmc1b and rad51d-4 dmc1a dmc1b triple mutants |
is milder than |
degree of chromosomal entanglement in rad51c-3 rad51d-4 double mutant |
Oryza sativa |
| unequal (preferential) motif distribution at different chromosome ends |
may suggest |
possible functional significance in telomere clustering |
|
| (ASY1, ATASY1, AT1G67370) and (ASY3, AtASY3, AT2G46980) recruitment in (ASY4, AT2G33793) |
results in formation of |
abnormal patchy and lumpy patterns on chromosome axis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| multiple megaspore mother cells (MMCs) in er-119 (AtDRB1, DRB1, HYL1, AT1G09700) double-mutant ovules |
complete |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TGS1, AT1G45231) repressing activity |
requires |
completion of the second meiotic division |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rad51d-5 mutant meiocytes |
show |
univalent and bivalent-coexisting phenotype or chromosomal entanglements at diakinesis and metaphase I |
Oryza sativa |
| tetrads |
are released as |
microspores with chromatids condensed into a central nucleus |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| m6A demethylation mediated by OsALKBH5 |
is essential for |
meiotic progression |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis (ASY1, ATASY1, AT1G67370) (ASY3, AtASY3, AT2G46980) and (ASY4, AT2G33793) |
are |
three meiotic axis proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ectopic enlarged megaspore mother cell (MMC)-like cells in qui-1 ovule primordia |
can enter |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| male meiotic progression in Arabidopsis haploid WT and (FIGL1, AT3G27120) plants |
was analyzed using |
chromosome spreads |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rad51d-5 mutant meiocytes |
have bivalent number significantly reduced to |
7.0 ± 0.4 at metaphase I |
Oryza sativa |
| Osalkbh5 mutants |
were able to produce |
tetrads and microspores |
Oryza sativa |
| (ARP6, ATARP6, ESD1, SUF3, AT3G33520) er-119 (ATXR3, SDG2, AT4G15180) triple-mutant ovules |
show detection of |
multiple (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) signal |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| telomere factor |
is involved in |
meiotic segregation |
|
| OsALKBH5 |
preferentially localizes in |
cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of pollen mother cells (PMCs), microspores, and tapetal cells |
Oryza sativa |
| (AtHDA7, HDA7, AT5G35600) |
is up-regulated in |
microdissected hyperacetylated microsporocytes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| excessive megaspore mother cell (MMC)-like cells in er-119 (AtDRB1, DRB1, HYL1, AT1G09700) double-mutant ovules |
have entered |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| meiosis |
consists of |
one round of DNA replication and two rounds of cell division |
|
| OsALKBH5 mutations |
had only mild effects on |
SC formation |
Oryza sativa |
| wild-type meiosis |
produced |
four microspores |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| centromeres |
are essential for |
chromosome segregation during meiosis |
|
| rad51c-3 mutant meiocytes |
have chiasma frequency significantly reduced to |
17.3 ± 0.3 at metaphase I |
Oryza sativa |
| rad51c-3 (ATMSH5, MSH5, AT3G20475) and rad51d-4 double mutants |
show |
fully paired chromosomes never detected at pachytene |
Oryza sativa |
| OsALKBH5 mutations |
leads to |
male sterility |
Oryza sativa |
| Osalkbh5 mutant |
performs retention of m6A modifications and decay of |
targeted transcripts in meiocytes |
Oryza sativa |
| no interaction of CDX2 complex in (ATRAD51B, RAD51B, AT2G28560) with (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) ensemble |
results in |
less severe meiotic defects compared with (FIGL1, AT3G27120) (ATXRCC2, XRCC2, AT5G64520) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SDR |
lacks |
recombination |
Salix purpurea |
| rad51d-5 mutant |
showed increased |
bivalent formation |
Oryza sativa |
| rad51c-3 mutant meiocytes |
have bivalent number significantly reduced to |
10.3 ± 0.2 at metaphase I |
Oryza sativa |
| rad51c-3 rad51d-4 double mutant |
was generated to clarify |
relationship between (ATRAD51C, RAD51C, AT2G45280) and (ATRAD51D, RAD51D, SSN1, AT1G07745) during meiosis |
Oryza sativa |
| Osalkbh5 PMCs at diakinesis |
show |
nonhomologous associations |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| paired 5S rDNA region within a distinguishable bivalent |
migrated to |
opposite poles of the cell in both lines |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| 51.7% of 118 extant allopolyploids |
experienced |
at least some form of multivalent pairing |
|
| METTL3 |
regulates |
meiosis initiation |
Mus musculus |
| lack of (ASY1, ATASY1, AT1G67370) |
does not affect |
total (ATMLH1, MLH1, AT4G09140) focus numbers |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| loss of OMISSION OF THE SECOND DIVISION1 (GIG1, OSD1, UVI4-LIKE, AT3G57860) function |
leads to |
omission of the second meiotic division |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wild-type rice meiocytes |
show |
homologous chromosome pairing at pachytene |
Oryza sativa |
| wild-type rice meiocytes |
have mean chiasma frequency of |
20.6 ± 0.2 at metaphase I |
Oryza sativa |
| number of DAPI entities per cell in rad51c-3 rad51d-4 double mutant |
is significantly reduced compared with |
number of DAPI entities in rad51c-3 or rad51d-4 single mutant |
Oryza sativa |
| rad51c-3 and rad51d-4 mutant meiocytes |
have proportion of univalent and bivalent-coexisting meiocytes of |
80.8% and 68.2% respectively at diakinesis or metaphase I |
Oryza sativa |
| severe chromosomal entanglements at metaphase I in rad51c-3 −/− rad51d-4 −/− background |
is |
meiotic defect in rad51c-3 −/− rad51d-4 −/− background |
Oryza sativa |
| rad51c-3 dmc1a dmc1b and rad51d-4 dmc1a dmc1b triple mutants |
show |
more severe phenotype than dmc1a dmc1b single mutant |
Oryza sativa |
| recombination, gain, or loss of accessory regions during meiosis |
might further explain |
diversity of accessory regions between lineages |
Fusarium oxysporum |
| hyperaccumulation of (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) foci in (FIGL1, AT3G27120) hop2-2 and (ASY1, ATASY1, AT1G67370) meiocytes |
compared with |
hop2-2 and (ASY1, ATASY1, AT1G67370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wild-type barley |
completes meiosis process when |
hvtdf1 mutant has not completed meiosis I |
Hordeum vulgare |
| wild-type meiocytes in 4.0 mm flowers |
progressed to |
pachytene |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| wild-type meiocytes in 5.0 mm flowers |
rapidly progressed beyond |
meiosis and produced tetrads |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| Osalkbh5 lines |
showed production of |
mixture of multivalents and univalents at diakinesis |
Oryza sativa |
| incomplete chromosome pairing and nondisjunction during meiosis |
might drive |
copy number variation of chromosomes, segmental duplications, and accessory regions diversification |
Fusarium oxysporum |
| Osalkbh5 PMCs during chromosome segregation |
show |
chromosome fragmentation and bridges in ~80% of cells |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| OsALKBH5 mutations |
did not block |
homologous pairing |
Oryza sativa |
| nonhomologous chromosome interactions in rad51c-3 rad51d-4 double mutant |
are induced in |
rad51c-3 rad51d-4 double mutant |
Oryza sativa |
| reproductive phasiRNAs |
are essential for |
elimination of specific RNAs during Prophase I |
Oryza sativa |
| single, double, and triple mutants of Arabidopsis (ATRAD51B, RAD51B, AT2G28560) (ATRAD51D, RAD51D, SSN1, AT1G07745) and (ATXRCC2, XRCC2, AT5G64520) |
show absence of obvious meiotic defects |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| partially paired chromosomes in rad51c-3, rad51d-4, and rad51d-5 mutants |
suggest that these mutants may have defects in |
synaptonemal complex assembly |
Oryza sativa |
| nearly 24 univalents at metaphase I in dmc1a dmc1b mutant |
is |
phenotype of dmc1a dmc1b mutant |
Oryza sativa |
| DISRUPTION OF MEIOTIC CONTROL1 (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) gene |
is expressed in |
megaspore mother cell (MMC) |
Hieracium |
| DNA fragments at telophase I in rad51c-3 −/− rad51d-4 −/− background |
is |
meiotic defect in rad51c-3 −/− rad51d-4 −/− background |
Oryza sativa |
| OsALKBH5 |
is preferentially expressed in |
tapetum during meiotic and postmeiotic stages |
Oryza sativa |
| OsALKBH5 |
is |
new factor required for meiotic progress |
Oryza sativa |
| (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) focus number in (FIGL1, AT3G27120) (ATXRCC2, XRCC2, AT5G64520) and |
shows increase compared with |
(ATXRCC2, XRCC2, AT5G64520) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| single-molecule (SM) and super-resolution (SR) optical approaches |
provide |
high spatial and temporal resolution of structural features and molecular mechanisms during meiosis |
|
| rad51d-4 mutant meiocytes |
show |
fully paired and partially paired chromosomes at pachytene |
Oryza sativa |
| Osalkbh5 mutants |
showed |
defective meiotic-specific phenotypes |
Oryza sativa |
| partially paired chromosomes at pachytene in rad51c-3 dmc1a dmc1b and rad51d-4 dmc1a dmc1b triple mutants |
is |
phenotype of triple mutants |
Oryza sativa |
| OsALKBH5 protein levels and localization |
are consistent with role in |
male meiocyte development |
Oryza sativa |
| Osfip37 meiocytes |
showed homologous chromosomes do not undergo pairing but become aggregated at diakinesis |
abnormal chromosome behavior |
Oryza sativa |
| crossing over |
is |
homologous recombination during meiosis |
|
| disomic inheritance |
is |
normal Mendelian inheritance in polyploids |
|
| maintenance of proper homologous pairing and suppression of homoeologous pairing and recombination |
can be driven by |
high degree of divergence between homoeologs and/or presence of meiotic control loci |
|
| hvtdf1 mutant |
has not completed |
meiosis I |
Hordeum vulgare |
| retention of m6A modifications and decay of targeted transcripts in meiocytes |
leads to |
meiotic defects and male sterility |
Oryza sativa |
| large number of meiosis-specific genes with downregulated expression |
showed unexpected decreased m6A methylation in |
Osalkbh5 mutant |
Oryza sativa |
| pericentromeric region of chromosome 5A |
shows |
very low genetic recombination |
|
| callose deposition in multiple enlarged megaspore mother cell (MMC)-like cells in er-119 (AtDRB1, DRB1, HYL1, AT1G09700) double-mutant ovules |
is visible in |
er-119 (AtDRB1, DRB1, HYL1, AT1G09700) double-mutant ovules |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TGS1, AT1G45231) mutations |
produce |
no meiosis commitment |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| OsFIP37 m6A deposition |
regulates |
meiotic progression |
Oryza sativa |
| downregulated DEGs |
were mainly involved in |
nuclear division, RNA processing, or meiotic processes and chromosome segregation |
Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica |
| RAD51-dependent repair pathway |
occurs during |
meiotic entry and late prophase I |
|
| OMISSION OF THE SECOND DIVISION1 (GIG1, OSD1, UVI4-LIKE, AT3G57860) |
functions in |
both divisions of meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RNA-seq samples |
includes |
vegetative cytoplasm of pollen |
Oryza sativa |
| Xue et al. |
identified |
male sterile mutant |
Oryza sativa |
| OsALKBH5 |
is highly enriched in |
rice anthers during meiosis |
Oryza sativa |
| OsALKBH5 |
directly regulates the mRNA stability of |
meiotic genes |
Oryza sativa |
| genes/gene products in meiosis |
have interactions between |
each other |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gene families involved in meiosis |
provide |
stability and divergence to meiotic machinery |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Triticum aestivum SPO11-1-5B (TaSPO11-1-5B) |
is |
orthologous copy of Arabidopsis (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) |
Triticum aestivum |
| control plants (ABD +/+) |
show |
normal meiosis with 21 bivalents at Metaphase I |
Triticum aestivum |
| ring-shaped bivalents with at least two chiasmata |
were also observed at |
10–30% of bivalents for lines 3 and 36, respectively |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| OsSPO11-4 gene |
plays no major role in |
rice meiosis |
Oryza sativa |
| control plants (ABD +/+) |
produce |
final meiotic products composed of four balanced nuclei (tetrads) |
Triticum aestivum |
| RNA-seq samples |
includes |
egg cell |
Oryza sativa |
| meiosis of the megaspore mother cell |
generates |
four megaspores |
Hieracium subgenus Pilosella |
| (INP1, AT4G22600) protein or transcript |
is inherited by microspores from |
microspore mother cells (MMCs) during meiosis |
|
| 15 TaSPO11-1 primary transformants homozygous for spo11-1-2 allele |
exhibited fertility of |
15–70% |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| bd −/− double mutant |
exhibits |
4.6 ± 2.4 chiasmata per cell |
Triticum aestivum |
| bread wheat genome |
exhibited |
about 10 times more DSBs than Arabidopsis |
Triticum aestivum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TGS1, AT1G45231) mutations |
compromise |
reproduction in budding yeast |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| rad51d-5 mutant |
has intermediate phenotype with reduced frequency of |
chromosomal entanglement compared with rad51d-1 |
Oryza sativa |
| microscopic analysis of meiotic events |
provides information on |
chromosome configurations |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) mutant |
has number of chiasmata per cell of |
0.05 ± 0.2 (n = 19) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| strong twofold reduction in (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) foci formation in complemented plants |
strongly suggests that |
double-strand break (DSB) levels are reduced in complemented lines |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| Caenorhabditis elegans SC |
is established independently of |
recombination |
Caenorhabditis elegans |
| sex chromosomes |
rarely cross-over |
recombination |
Frullania dilatata |
| bd −/− double mutant |
shows strong but lower reduction (fourfold reduction) with |
174 ± 53 (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) foci |
Triticum aestivum |
| (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) functionality |
during formation of |
synaptonemal complex |
Triticum aestivum |
| pairing behavior in Saccharum species |
showed mainly |
bivalents |
Saccharum spp. |
| wheat (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) |
substantially restores |
meiotic recombination and normal meiotic progression |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| abd −/− triple mutant |
shows |
no chiasmata |
Triticum aestivum |
| Arabidopsis |
has |
~150−250 DSBs at Leptotene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) mutants |
have |
0.05 bivalents per cell (n = 19) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) foci in PMC nuclei of (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) mutant plants expressing TaSPO11-1-5D |
were also observed with |
strong twofold reduction |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| recombination |
mainly occurs in |
distal regions of chromosomes in wheat |
Triticum aestivum |
| male meiocytes in anthers |
is |
actively dividing germline cells |
|
| accurate and balanced segregation of homologous chromosomes |
relies on |
appropriate pairing of chromosomes |
|
| TaSPO11-2 |
is necessary for |
initiation of meiosis |
Triticum aestivum |
| failure of TaSPO11-1-5D transgene to rescue (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) and (MTOPVIB, AT1G60460) double mutants |
confirms the need for |
(MTOPVIB, AT1G60460) to form double-strand breaks (DSBs) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PH1, AT4G14450) (Pairing homoeologous locus 1) |
is involved in |
homoeologous recombination |
Triticum aestivum |
| (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) mutants |
are unable to |
synapse |
Triticum aestivum |
| recombination |
is required for |
meiotic chromosomal synapsis |
|
| meiotic npcRNA |
is involved in |
nuclear re-localization of Mei2p |
fission yeast |
| meiotic recombination |
ensures |
balanced chromosome distribution |
|
| similar results |
were observed for |
wheat meiosis-specific genes |
Triticum aestivum |
| TaSpo11-2 triple mutants |
showed |
impaired synapsis |
Triticum aestivum |
| preferential location of DSBs in telomeric regions |
may explain |
CO distribution in wheat |
Triticum aestivum |
| identification and characterization of (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) |
is important step in |
deciphering way recombination can be improved in polyploid species |
Triticum aestivum |
| TaSPO11-2-7D copy |
expression of restores |
fertility of Arabidopsis (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) mutants |
leave cells blocked at |
zygotene-like stage |
Triticum aestivum |
| pairing and recombination of chromosomes from two parental species |
is prevented by |
barriers |
|
| chromosome interactions |
occur during |
meiotic prophase I |
|
| meiotic recombination |
provides |
genetic diversity in populations |
|
| double-strand break (DSB) formation |
occurs during |
meiosis |
Oryza sativa |
| 24-nt phasiRNAs |
are produced during |
meiotic transitions |
Zea mays; Oryza sativa |
| Mei2p |
may antagonize |
selective elimination of meiotic messenger RNAs |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe |
| meiotic chromosomes in wild-type plants |
condense, recombine and synapse during |
prophase I |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| less-efficient TaSPO11-2-7A protein |
explains |
presence of a few bivalents and viable pollen grains in bd −/− double mutants |
Triticum aestivum |
| chromosome bridges and laggards |
found at |
anaphase I |
Saccharum hybrid |
| restoration of rice spo11-1-1 fertility |
strictly co-segregated with |
presence of UBI::TaSPO11-1-5D transgene |
Oryza sativa; Triticum aestivum |
| (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) foci formation in complemented plants |
has mean of |
45 foci per cell (n = 47) |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| TaSPO11-5D |
needs the presence of |
Arabidopsis (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) and (MTOPVIB, AT1G60460) proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| N-terminal part of (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) protein |
is involved in |
interaction with (MTOPVIB, AT1G60460) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| low amount of DSBs compared with genome size |
may explain |
CO distribution in wheat |
Triticum aestivum |
| sex chromosomes |
are prone to |
non-disjunction |
Frullania dilatata |
| Frullania fauriana |
has meioses that are |
similar and regular |
Frullania fauriana |
| desynaptic (dy1) mutant |
shows altered localization of |
characteristic belt-like structure of (ATSUN2, SUN2, AT3G10730) |
Zea mays |
| chromosome lagging at anaphase II |
is found in |
low seed-set hybrids |
Oryza sativa |
| two independent transgenic lines homozygous for TaSPO11-1-5D transgene |
have fertility of |
~40% |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| crossovers |
are initiated by |
DNA double-strand breaks |
|
| Drosophila SC |
is established independently of |
recombination |
Drosophila melanogaster |
| meiotic pairing of sex chromosome in Marchantia polymorpha |
has not been analyzed |
cytogenetic study |
Marchantia polymorpha |
| wild-type plants |
have number of chiasmata per cell of |
9.3 ± 0.8 (n = 36) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| at least one crossover per bivalent |
is required to ensure |
faithful segregation of homologues |
|
| (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) Arabidopsis protein |
has orthologous gene copies in |
wheat genome |
Triticum aestivum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) mutants |
are |
sterile |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| third distinctive C-terminal (ELF9, RRM, AT5G16260) |
is essential for |
Mei2p function |
|
| RNAi experiments on OsSPO11-4 |
showed |
aberrant meiosis |
Oryza sativa |
| control plants (ABD +/+) |
show |
well-balanced anaphases |
Triticum aestivum |
| (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) antibody |
estimated |
number of (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) foci between 365 and 1563 (mean 833) |
Triticum aestivum |
| (PCP-like, SME2, AT4G30330) /meiRNA npcRNA |
bind |
Mei2p protein |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe |
| crossovers |
occur during |
prophase I |
|
| (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) |
is involved in |
formation of bivalents |
Triticum aestivum |
| mei2 gene |
encodes |
RBP with three RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs) |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe |
| restoration of fertility in T2 generation progeny |
strictly co-segregated with |
presence of transgene |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| chromosome mis-segregation in (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) mutants |
produces |
unbalanced metaphase II |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wild-type meiocytes |
have |
5.0 bivalents per cell (n = 36) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsSPO11-1 and OsSPO11-2 mutation |
affects |
meiotic progression |
Oryza sativa |
| triple mutant (abd −/−) |
shows drastic 10-fold decrease in |
mean number of (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) foci (71 ± 29) at zygotene |
Triticum aestivum |
| plants |
do not possess |
checkpoint mechanisms during meiosis |
|
| evolution |
can find solutions for |
meiotic adaptation in polyploids |
|
| diploid sporophyte |
is capable of producing |
spores via meiosis |
|
| polyploidy |
is |
layer of complexity in meiosis in plants |
|
| wheat protein |
can functionally replace |
rice (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) in its essential meiotic function |
Triticum aestivum; Oryza sativa |
| TaSPO11-2 |
is essential for |
meiotic recombination initiation |
Triticum aestivum |
| control plants (ABD +/+, ABD +/−), single (a −/−, b −/−, d −/−), double (ab −/−, ad −/−) mutants |
show |
21 bivalents and mean of 40.4 ± 2.0, 38.7 ± 3.5 and 38.1 ± 3.4 chiasmata per cell |
Triticum aestivum |
| number of DSBs obtained |
is in the range of |
what was expected |
Triticum aestivum |
| sister chromatid cohesion |
assures |
accurate chromosome segregation |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe |
| C-terminal RRM3 |
is critical for |
Mei2p function |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe |
| (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) protein complex |
physically interacts with |
(SPO11-2, AT1G63990) and (MTOPVIB, AT1G60460) proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RNAi experiments on OsSPO11-4 |
showed |
reduced fertility |
Oryza sativa |
| polyploidy |
adds |
intricacy of meiosis |
|
| Atspo11-2 / TaSPO11-2-7D transgenic plants |
show Metaphase I with |
five bivalents |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| atspo11-2 mutants |
show presence of |
univalents |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) |
is involved in |
formation of DSBs at onset of meiosis |
Triticum aestivum |
| DNA fragmentations |
were detected in |
male meiocytes at anaphase I to prophase II |
Oryza sativa |
| female meiocyte (megaspore mother cell; MMC) |
generates |
one functional megaspore |
|
| pachytene checkpoint |
possibly operates by reducing the activity of |
CDK complexes |
|
| Frullania nishiyamensis |
has meioses that are |
similar and regular |
Frullania nishiyamensis |
| Frullania yakushimensis |
has meioses that are |
similar and regular |
Frullania yakushimensis |
| meiosis |
might have produced |
trivalent chain and daughter nuclei with one V chromosome or two U chromosomes |
Frullania dilatata |
| meiosis II |
resulted in formation of |
tetrads with micronuclei |
Oryza sativa |
| quantitative trait locus |
was found to regulate |
meiotic stability |
Arabidopsis suecica |
| heat stress |
affects |
meiosis |
|
| small RNAs |
are transported into |
meiocytes |
|
| random segregation of univalents at Anaphase I in abd −/− triple mutant |
leads to |
unbalanced polyads at end of Meiosis II |
Triticum aestivum |
| pericentromeric regions |
are almost devoid of |
crossovers (COs) |
Triticum aestivum |
| Frullania aoshimensis |
has meioses that are |
similar and regular |
Frullania aoshimensis |
| plant gametes |
are not |
immediate products of meiosis |
|
| failure to segregate chromosomes |
results in |
unreduced meiotic products |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Hordeum vulgare; Solanum lycopersicum; Triticum aestivum |
| recombination |
is initiated by |
programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) |
|
| chromosome segregation defect in (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) |
results in |
meiotic products of uneven size and shape |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lower frequency of quadrivalents |
resulted in |
higher pollen fertility and seed set |
Oryza sativa |
| gene families involved in meiosis |
have evolved at various rates |
evolution of meiotic machinery |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| presence of bivalents and chiasmata |
indicate that |
meiotic double-strand breaks (DSBs) are formed |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| CO numbers per chromosome per meiosis in tea |
were lower than |
CO numbers in maize embryos (1.24) |
Camellia sinensis; Zea mays |
| meiotic recombination |
creates |
novel genetic combinations |
|
| lack of meiotic DSBs |
leads to |
defective crossover formation |
|
| control plants (ABD +/+) |
have mean of |
727 (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) foci (± 193) at zygotene |
Triticum aestivum |
| Plants missing (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) |
are |
sterile |
Triticum aestivum |
| super-resolution microscopy |
was applied to study |
chromosome pairing and centromere organization |
Frullania dilatata |
| fluorescent-tagged lines (FTLs) |
are useful tools to measure |
meiotic recombination events |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| painting probe |
hybridized to |
single pachytene bivalent |
|
| alteration of meiosis |
can have consequences on |
genetic and genomic make-up of plants |
|
| pachytene/diakinesis prolongation under high heat stress |
is dependent on |
(ATATM, ATM, ATM-1, PIG1, AT3G48190) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| him-17 mutant |
is defective for |
meiotic recombination and chromosome segregation |
Caenorhabditis elegans |
| pollen mother cells (PMCs) of mutant 942 |
showed |
abnormal meiotic chromosome behavior |
Oryza sativa |
| CO pattern |
may be influenced by |
sex |
Camellia sinensis |
| recent data |
may question |
assumption that plants do not possess checkpoint mechanisms during meiosis |
|
| RdDM mutants |
show |
mild meiotic defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| meiosis |
promotes |
genetic diversity |
|
| mild heat stress |
causes deviation from |
balanced tetrads |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| hexaploid wheat (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) gene |
is identified and assessed for |
functionality during meiosis |
Triticum aestivum |
| all three homoeologous genes |
are equivalently expressed during |
meiosis |
Triticum aestivum |
| separation of sister chromatids during second equational division |
resulted in |
four balanced meiotic products |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| each U chromosome |
associates with |
one of the opposite telomeres of the V chromosome |
Frullania dilatata |
| presence of an additional set of chromosomes |
causes challenge in |
meiotic chromosome segregation |
|
| higher order chromosome structure |
includes |
axial element formation |
|
| sufficient genetic divergence in parental genomes |
allows |
neo-allopolyploids to obtain partially regular meiotic pairing instantaneously |
|
| (NDC80, AT3G54630) complex |
may affect |
chromosomal arrangement and spindle checkpoint activity during meiosis |
Mus musculus |
| meiotic progression in the context of heat |
appears to be under |
metabolic influence |
|
| unreduced gametes |
most commonly arise through |
meiotic defects |
|
| most mutants |
are defective in |
pairing |
Zea mays |
| cohesin complexes |
is an essential component of |
axial element (AE) |
|
| mtm00-09 mutant |
shows bias for |
foldbacks versus pairing partner switches |
Zea mays |
| homologous recombination (HR) |
assures |
faithful meiotic chromosome segregation |
|
| chromosome dynamics |
occurs during |
cell division |
|
| temperature increase |
speeds up |
meiotic progression |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| interhomolog recombination |
is promoted by |
synaptonemal complex |
|
| higher order chromosome structure |
includes |
synapsis |
|
| 21-nt phasiRNAs |
are replaced by |
24-nt phasiRNAs |
Zea mays |
| small RNAs |
are transported from |
tapetum cells |
|
| chromosomes |
undergo |
programmed DNA double-strand breaks |
|
| Frullania tsukushiensis |
has meioses that are |
similar and regular |
Frullania tsukushiensis |
| meiocytes |
undergo |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| extreme heat stress |
leads to |
higher frequency of altered meiotic products |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| interhomolog recombination |
is promoted by |
homolog pairing |
|
| other mei2-like genes, like the AMLs (Arabidopsis mei2-like) |
mainly seem to play a role in |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fertility not fully restored in complemented lines |
suggests that |
fewer double-strand breaks (DSBs) might be produced in complemented lines or alternatively that DSBs are repaired without forming crossovers (COs) |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Triticum aestivum |
| Frullania viridis |
has meioses that are |
similar and regular |
Frullania viridis |
| programmed DNA double-strand breaks |
followed by |
homologous repair |
|
| sister chromatid segregation |
occurs during |
anaphase II |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mean frequency of abnormal chromosome behaviour |
was highest in |
hybrids whose male parent was E24-4x and female parent was L202-4x |
Oryza sativa |
| CO pattern |
may be influenced by |
environment |
Camellia sinensis |
| chromosome movement |
occurs during |
meiotic prophase I |
|
| CDK complexes |
together with their cyclin partners control |
progression through meiosis |
|
| dsy1 and dsy10 mutants |
have not been characterized for |
molecular lesions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis mutants of (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) |
have defects in |
bivalent formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) mutant |
causes |
male and female meiosis defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| epigenetic markers |
can be transmitted to |
cell progeny |
|
| homologous chromosomes |
do not pair at |
leptotene during meiosis |
Oryza sativa |
| smaller number of trivalents and univalent |
found in |
autotetraploid plants |
|
| ring and chain shapes |
observed in |
hybrids with low pollen fertility |
Oryza sativa |
| regularly bivalent pairing behavior at meiotic metaphase I |
was observed in |
C. subsericeus |
Cucumis subsericeus |
| mlks2 mutants |
shows mistakes in |
chromosome aggregation, separation, and micronuclei formation during meta-/ana-/telo-phase I |
Zea mays |
| divergent spindle1 (dv1) mutant |
shows altered localization of |
characteristic belt-like structure of (ATSUN2, SUN2, AT3G10730) |
Zea mays |
| asynaptic and desynaptic mutants |
exhibit |
univalents instead of bivalents during prophase I |
|
| angiosperms |
have meiosis occurring in |
floral organs |
|
| hybrids with genetic interaction of three pollen sterility loci |
show more |
irregularities in PMC meiosis |
Oryza sativa |
| meiosis |
consists of |
two successive cell divisions |
|
| Arabidopsis (ATSUN2, SUN2, AT3G10730) |
has dynamic localization pattern of |
nuclear periphery (early leptotene) to polarized/belt-like (zygotene and pachytene) to nuclear periphery (diplotene) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| low seed-setting hybrids |
have lower frequency of |
bivalents |
Oryza sativa |
| low quadrivalents |
resulted in |
high fertility of tetraploid potato |
Solanum tuberosum |
| recombination between non-homologous chromosomes in double (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) mutant |
leads to |
non-homologous chiasma formation |
Zea mays |
| specific wheat antibodies |
were developed to describe |
progression of wheat prophase I |
Triticum aestivum |
| meiosis products |
are |
gametes |
|
| STUD/ (ATNACK2, NACK2, TES, AT3G43210) |
is utilized in |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) |
functions in |
chromosome pairing, synapsis and DSB repair |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATK1, KATA, KATAP, AT4G21270) mutant |
causes |
male meiosis defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| animals |
produce |
haploid sperm and eggs |
|
| meiotic mutants |
are |
sporophytic mutants |
|
| (ATRAD50, RAD50, AT2G31970) |
functions in |
double-strand break (DSB) repair and telomere maintenance |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| total number of quadrivalents |
shows highly significant negative correlation with |
pollen fertility |
Oryza sativa |
| three main kinds of quadrivalent configurations |
found in |
autotetraploid rice |
Oryza sativa |
| ring-shaped quadrivalents |
were more common than |
other shapes |
|
| low quadrivalents |
resulted in |
high fertility of autotetraploid rye |
Secale cereale |
| variations in the TAM gene |
correlated with |
premature exit of male meiosis under mild/high/extreme heat stress |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| axis |
organises |
chromosomes into arrays of chromatin loops |
|
| chromosome pairing and synapsis in prophase I |
ensure |
proper separation of homologs at anaphase I |
|
| heat shock proteins (HSPs) |
may function as molecular chaperones for folding/refolding of proteins involved in |
meiosis |
|
| hybrids with parent E24-4x |
have more than |
five quadrivalents per cell |
Oryza sativa |
| double ring quadrivalents |
shows negative correlation with |
seed-setting rate |
Oryza sativa |
| Guanglu'ai 4-4x×L202-4x |
has |
highest number of bivalents |
Oryza sativa |
| probability of two Rf genes going into same gamete |
is much higher if they are present in |
same chromosome (H ch ac) |
Triticum aestivum; Hordeum chilense |
| Solyc06g076020.2.1 |
is similar to |
heat shock protein 70 (HSP70, AT4G16660) |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| male meiocyte (microspore mother cell; MiMC) |
generates |
four haploid microspores |
|
| (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) mutant |
shows presence of |
chromosome fragmentation at metaphase I |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATK1, KATA, KATAP, AT4G21270) |
functions in |
meiotic spindle formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| higher frequency of bivalents and quadrivalents |
found in |
autotetraploid plants |
|
| chromosome segregation defect in (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) |
results in |
meiotic products of variable ploidy |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| meiotic cell division in plants |
is reviewed |
this review |
|
| increase in fertility of autotetraploid Secale cereale |
was correlated with |
increase in bivalents and decrease in univalents and multivalents during meiosis |
Secale cereale |
| (ASY1, ATASY1, AT1G67370) mutant |
fail to undergo |
synapsis at prophase I |
|
| reverse genetics |
was adopted to identify |
meiosis-involved genes in Arabidopsis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| developmental context in which meiosis occurs |
is reviewed |
this review |
|
| variety of quadrivalents |
found in |
autotetraploid rice |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis EXTRA SPOROGENOUS CELLS/EXCESS MICROSPOROCYTES1 ( (EMS1, EXS, AT5G07280) ) |
is also required for |
cytokinesis after chromosomal segregation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PMCs in ms10 35 anthers |
are crushed and fail to produce |
tetrads |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Panicum miliaceum |
shows |
exclusive bivalent formation at meiosis |
Panicum miliaceum |
| (MER3, RCK, AT3G27730) mutants |
showed |
low levels of fertility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| human (SHOC1, AT5G52290) homolog overexpression in testis |
is consistent with |
potential conserved role in meiosis |
Homo sapiens |
| leptotene and pachytene stages in (SHOC1, AT5G52290) mutants |
appeared similar to |
those in the wild-type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| shoc1-3 (Ws-4) |
has chiasma frequency per cell of |
0.90 ± 0.8 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitosis instead of meiosis (MiMe) system |
allows generating |
clonal unreduced gametes |
|
| meiosis I |
involves |
segregation of homologous chromosomes |
|
| asynaptic mutants |
fail to complete |
synapsis |
|
| crossover (CO) frequency |
varies within and between |
species |
|
| 11 types of quadrivalent configurations |
found in |
autotetraploid plants in diakinesis and metaphase I |
|
| (ATRAD50, RAD50, AT2G31970) mutant |
causes |
male and female meiosis defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| meiotic cytokinesis defects |
result in |
large tetrasporous pollen with multiple pairs of sperm cells |
|
| Guanglu'ai No.4-4x×Jackson-4x |
has lowest frequency of |
trivalents |
Oryza sativa |
| chromosome differentiation |
may play important role in |
preferential pairing behaviour of polyploids |
|
| multiple meiotic defects |
affect |
male and female fertility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| hybrids with low pollen fertility |
still have high frequency of |
quadrivalents |
Oryza sativa |
| exposure to high heat stress from premeiosis and early prophase (early leptotene) |
triggers |
prolongation of pachytene/diakinesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) complexes |
generate |
hundreds of DSBs per meiosis |
plants |
| majority of meiotic DSBs |
are repaired as |
non-crossovers |
|
| sequence similarity to yeast (ARLIM15, ATDMC1, DMC1, AT3G22880) |
was used to identify |
meiotic genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| yeast (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) |
is known to be involved in |
meiotic events |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| desynaptic mutants |
fail to maintain |
synapsis until anaphase I |
|
| chromosome segregation |
occurs |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| free microspores after callose dissolution |
indicate |
normal meiosis and microspore production |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| abnormal tetrad |
is found in |
low seed-set hybrids |
Oryza sativa |
| reduced (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) function in dsy2 mutant |
results in |
significant reduction in number of chiasmata |
Zea mays |
| Arabidopsis homologs of (ATRAD50, RAD50, AT2G31970) and (ATMRE11, MRE11, AT5G54260) |
have |
meiotic defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| univalents |
shows negative and non-significant relationship with |
pollen fertility |
Oryza sativa |
| pollen sterility loci interaction (S-a, S-b, and S-c) |
lead to |
increased chromosomal abnormalities |
Oryza sativa |
| multiple nuclei in a common cytoplasm |
can |
fuse during development |
Arabidopsis |
| (ATMRE11, MRE11, AT5G54260) mutant alleles in A. thaliana |
depending on allele, lead to |
sterility, perturbed meiosis, developmental defects, or enhanced genotoxic sensitivity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mtm00-10 mutant |
has |
more complicated phenotype |
Zea mays |
| yeast SPO11 |
is known to be involved in |
meiotic events |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| trivalents |
shows insignificant difference among |
five hybrids |
Oryza sativa |
| ring bivalents |
were most frequent at |
Metaphase I of PMCs |
Cyclamen persicum; Cyclamen graecum |
| maize (ZYP1, ZYP1b, AT1G22275) mutants |
have not been obtained with |
strong phenotypes |
Zea mays |
| each U chromosome and one opposite telomere of the V chromosome |
results in |
head-to-head trivalent |
Frullania dilatata |
| identified meiotic mutants |
were categorized by |
steps affected in meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (DUET, MMD1, AT1G66170) mutant |
causes |
male meiosis defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| meiotic cytokinesis |
is |
either successive or simultaneous |
plants |
| (SKI8, VIP3, AT4G29830) mutants |
grew poorly but displayed no |
meiotic defect |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) double mutant |
fails to |
undergo homologous recombination |
Zea mays |
| (PHS1, AT5G23720) mutant meiocytes at late pachytene |
have |
synapsed chromosomes |
Zea mays |
| altered chromosome morphology |
may favour |
sister chromatid interactions at expense of homologous chromosome interactions |
Zea mays |
| Meiotic head-to-head associations of both U chromosomes with telomeric regions of opposite arms of V chromosome |
results in |
U–V–U trivalents |
Frullania dilatata |
| meiocytes |
undergo |
meiotic cell divisions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mutations of genes related to meiosis |
cause |
defective meiocyte development |
|
| ms10 35 mutant |
is defective in |
chromosome segregation at anaphase I during meiosis |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SPO11 orthologs |
induce |
meiotic DSBs |
|
| machinery used in meiosis |
is conserved among |
eukaryotes |
|
| homolog separation |
occurs during |
anaphase I |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| stud/ (ATNACK2, NACK2, TES, AT3G43210) mutant |
causes |
male meiosis defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Chromosome behaviour during meiosis |
played an important role in |
normal male gamete formation in mutants of diploid plants |
|
| microtubules |
are abnormally distributed at |
leptotene during meiosis |
Oryza sativa |
| ASYNAPTIC1 (ASY1, ATASY1, AT1G67370) mutant |
exhibits |
reduced fertility phenotype |
|
| (AHP2, AT3G29350) solo dancers (SDS, AT1G14750) mutant |
exhibits |
reduced fertility phenotype |
|
| higher number of quadrivalents |
achieved |
higher fertility in tetraploid Lolium |
Lolium |
| meiosis II |
resembles |
mitosis |
|
| 12 CDKs and at least 30 cyclins |
have distinct and shared roles in |
plant meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CYCA1, CYCA1;2, DYP, TAM, AT1G77390) mutants |
have |
second division does not occur |
Arabidopsis |
| (ZYP1, ZYP1b, AT1G22275) |
is not retained on |
pachytene chromosomes |
Zea mays |
| chromosomes |
condense, thicken, and detach from |
nuclear envelope |
|
| non-homologous synapsis in (AS1, ATMYB91, ATPHAN, LL2, MYB91, AT2G37630) meiocytes |
occurs during |
prophase |
Zea mays |
| failure to install (CES, HAF, AT1G25330) in mei*N2415 meiocytes |
results in |
univalents appear at zygotene |
Zea mays |
| interspecific hybrids |
exhibit |
non-homologous synapsis |
|
| mtm99-25 mutant |
has |
altered chromosome morphology |
Zea mays |
| mtm00-10 mutant |
has |
altered chromosome morphology |
Zea mays |
| kinesin |
is known to be involved in |
meiotic spindle formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Jackson-4x×E24-4x |
has highest number of |
quadrivalents per cell |
Oryza sativa |
| average frequency of abnormalities at telophase I |
is |
8.33% |
Oryza sativa |
| pericentromeric area of 6H ch S |
did not pair with |
H ch ac |
Hordeum chilense |
| (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) |
is |
key actor of the stepwise release of cohesion at meiosis |
|
| (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) signal at metaphase II |
is much fainter than |
metaphase I (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) signal |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| eight genes |
encode |
proteins crucial for the organization of chromosome structure, alignment, and synapsis of homologous chromosomes, and the controlled formation of crossovers |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| zygotene |
is when |
aligned homologous chromosomes are brought into close apposition by the formation of the synaptonemal complex (SC) |
|
| homologs in wild-type meiocytes |
separate remaining connected through |
chiasmata |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| P31 comet mutants in rice |
implicate P31 comet in |
homolog pairing and synapsis |
Oryza sativa |
| reduced fertility of comet plants |
together with previously reported role in meiosis of COMET homolog in rice |
prompted analysis of male meiosis in comet mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| COs |
emerge at |
one or a few positions via a programmed patterning process |
|
| CO-mediated homolog connectedness patterns |
can be predicted for |
metaphase I configurations after synaptonemal complex loss |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| A. arenosa diploid chromosomes |
approximately 90% exhibit |
one crossover (CO) |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| crossovers (COs) on single-CO chromosomes in diploid A. arenosa |
distributed |
centrally along chromosome |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| genetic information exchange between maternal and paternal chromosomes |
leads to |
novel combinations of genetic traits in the following generation |
|
| Rec7 |
localizes to and associates with |
nuclei and linear elements (LinEs) of meiotic chromosomes |
Schizosaccharomyces pombe |
| (PHS1, AT5G23720) gene in maize and Arabidopsis |
is involved in |
pairing of homologous chromosomes |
Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) and AtSPO11-2 |
are essential for |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) /Atspo11-2 double mutants |
do not differ from |
single mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AS1, ATMYB91, ATPHAN, LL2, MYB91, AT2G37630) mutant chromosomes |
are involved in |
large and small foldbacks |
Zea mays |
| meiotic progression phenotype leading to arrest or delay of synapsis |
is characteristic of |
genes affecting recombination events |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| (ATPRD2, MEI4, MPS1, PRD2, AT5G57880) foci |
have highest number in |
leptonema |
Mus musculus |
| (SKI8, VIP3, AT4G29830) |
has dual function in |
mRNA decay pathway and meiosis |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| mtm99-25 mutant |
shows |
random chromosome synapsis |
Zea mays |
| mtm00-10 mutant |
has |
much slower kinetics of synapsis than normal |
Zea mays |
| mei*2415 mutant |
is likely to fall into |
category of genes affecting recombination events |
Zea mays |
| (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) at metaphase I |
was detected on |
entire bivalent except core centromeric region |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| scaffold_202722.1 ( (AtPDS5B, PDS5B, AT1G77600) in Arabidopsis thaliana) |
is |
one of two other differentiated genes |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| (PCH2, TRIP13, AT4G24710) regulation of meiotic HORMA domain proteins (HORMADs) dynamics |
is a conundrum because no direct interaction was found between |
(PCH2, TRIP13, AT4G24710) and meiotic HORMA domain proteins (HORMADs) |
|
| wild-type meiosis |
progresses with |
segregation of homologs after metaphase I |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Rabbit polycolonal anti-ZYP1 |
recognizes |
ZIPPY1 (ZYP1, ZYP1b, AT1G22275) |
|
| diploid-like interference |
fails to act effectively on |
multivalent pairing and accompanying pre-CO recombination interactions |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| neo-allopolyploids |
may be less prone to |
fertility defects arising from chromosome mis-segregation |
|
| evolution of stable autopolyploidy |
is of special interest because |
homolog copies must be recognized as pairs qua pairs without cues from genome sequence diversity |
|
| natural (evolved) autotetraploid |
has |
stable bivalent formation |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| evolution of stable autotetraploidy |
preadapts |
meiosis to higher ploidy |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| two crossovers (COs) choosing partners independently |
will result in |
one-third two-homolog double COs and two-thirds three-homolog double COs |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| Oscom1 mutants |
severely inhibit |
synaptonemal complex (SC) formation |
Oryza sativa |
| normal localization of OsCOM1 |
is independent of |
OsREC8, OsMER3 and ZEP1 |
Oryza sativa |
| co-localization between OsCOM1 and OsMER3 in wild-type leptotene |
was almost none |
|
Oryza sativa |
| (ATDFO, DFO, AT1G07060) transcript signal |
reached a high level during |
meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Atdfo-1 mutant |
has severely reduced |
recombination level |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) mutant |
displayed |
chromosome fragmentation during meiosis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtPHS1 |
demonstrates activity in |
homologous recombination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| meiosis |
leads to formation of |
specialized generative cells |
|
| alpha kleisin, REC8-like protein |
is |
component of the cohesin complex |
Zea mays |
| AFD1 |
is required for |
AE elongation |
Zea mays |
| majority of mutants in this collection |
usually due to defects in |
homologous pairing, synapsis or recombination |
Zea mays |
| dsy2 mutant |
is needed for |
homologous pairing |
Zea mays |
| (ATNACK2, NACK2, TES, AT3G43210) /stud mutant |
results in |
multiple nuclei in a common cytoplasm |
Arabidopsis |
| homologous centromeres |
are segregated during |
first meiotic division |
|
| (ATPRD2, MEI4, MPS1, PRD2, AT5G57880) knock-out mice |
are defective in |
homologous synapsis |
Mus musculus |
| Xrs2 |
was first described as and shown to have |
DNA repair gene with meiotic function |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) foci in dsy2 mutant at zygotene |
are reduced in total number per nucleus |
approximately 125 versus approximately 500 in wild-type |
Zea mays |
| SWITCH1/ (DYAD, SWI1, AT5G51330) |
functions in |
sister chromatids cohesion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) mutant |
causes |
male and female meiosis defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CDC45, AT3G25100) mutant |
causes |
male and female meiosis defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| known factors from plants |
participate in |
DSB formation |
|
| meiotic DNA DSBs |
may only be introduced after |
DNA replication |
|
| homologous synapsis delay |
allows |
non-homologous synapsis |
|
| double (ATRAD51, RAD51, AT5G20850) mutant |
fails to complete |
homologous recombination |
Zea mays |
| (PHS1, AT5G23720) mutant |
shows |
non-homologous synapsis with extensive pairing partner switches |
Zea mays |
| synapsis and pairing |
can be |
uncoupled |
Zea mays |
| homologous synapsis delay |
can allow |
non-homologous synapsis |
|
| downregulation of meiosis-related genes |
may be due to |
incomplete meiosis of ms10 35 |
|
| Arabidopsis (MER3, RCK, AT3G27730) |
is involved in |
sister chromatid cohesion |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rice PAIR1 |
was downregulated in |
udt1 mutant |
Oryza sativa |
| role the identified proteins play |
are described |
in this review |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Prdm9 protein |
is expressed specifically in |
germ cells during meiotic prophase |
Mus musculus |
| (ZYP1, ZYP1b, AT1G22275) elongation |
is blocked at |
zygotene |
Zea mays |
| mtm99-25 mutant |
shows |
inability to pair properly |
Zea mays |
| microsporocytes |
undergo meiosis to form |
tetrads of four haploid microspores |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| Solyc03g116930.2.1 |
was downregulated in |
ms10 35 mutant |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| heat shock protein 70 (HSP70, AT4G16660) |
has important role in |
cyclin-dependent kinase activity in meiosis I |
|
| trans-requirements of meiotic DNA double strand break (DSB) formation |
are required for |
meiotic DNA double strand break (DSB) formation |
|
| recombination |
is completed during |
pachytene |
|
| successive cytokinesis |
occurs after |
each round of chromosome separation |
plants |
| mei*N2415 mutant |
shows |
incomplete but homologous synapsis |
Zea mays |
| failure to pair homologous chromosomes |
leads to |
abnormal synapsis phenotypes |
Zea mays |
| ASYNAPTIC1 (ASY1, ATASY1, AT1G67370) mutant |
causes |
male and female meiosis defects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Jackson-4x×E24-4x |
has |
lowest number of bivalents |
Oryza sativa |
| DNA methylation variations within the centromeres |
significantly influence |
chromosome segregation and meiotic recombination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| DNA replication |
precedes |
two rounds of nuclear divisions |
|
| chromosome straggling at metaphase I |
is found in |
low seed-set hybrids |
Oryza sativa |
| trivalents |
shows significant and negative relationship with |
pollen fertility |
Oryza sativa |
| double rings, -0- shape, Y shape, OK shape, x-shape, and >-<shape |
found in |
autotetraploid rice |
Oryza sativa |
| ZMM proteins |
are required for |
complete synapsis |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Mus musculus |
| meiotic chromosome behavior in Atsgo mutants |
was indistinguishable from |
wild-type during prophase, metaphase I, and early anaphase I |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Separase cleavage of (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) |
occurs at |
anaphase onset |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtREC8, DIF1, REC8, SYN1, AT5G05490) and (CENH3, HTR12, AT1G01370) signals in pans1-1 mutant |
were the same as |
wild-type at prophase and metaphase I |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| bivalent associations and reduced estimated chiasma frequency in natural autotetraploids |
are consistent with |
data from many other autopolyploids |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| meiosis-related genes |
show |
no gene set enrichment for differentiation apart from the eight outliers |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| encoded protein of (AtPDS5B, PDS5B, AT1G77600) |
has high homology to |
(AtPDS5A, PDS5, PDS5A, AT5G47690) /SPO76 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| antagonistic recombination modifiers |
maintain recombination at levels sufficient to ensure |
balanced chromosome segregation and fertility |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| meiotic HORMA domain proteins (HORMADs) |
have dynamic chromosomal localization |
at early prophase recruited to and assembled on the axis; later removed from the axis upon formation of the SC |
|
| comet meiocytes |
show formation of |
unbalanced pools of chromosomes at end of first meiotic division |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| COMET localization pattern |
largely resembled |
distribution of (PCH2, TRIP13, AT4G24710) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| P31 comet and CRC1 |
likely act in |
one pathway |
Oryza sativa |
| pairwise physical connections between homologs |
ensure |
reductional segregation |
|
| component homologs in quadrivalents |
switch partners at |
synaptic partner switch (SPS) sites |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| established autotetraploid A. arenosa nuclei with 16 bivalents |
comprise |
66% of established tetraploid nuclei |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| interference distance in neo-autotetraploid A. arenosa |
is |
72% of the approximately 25 micrometers in diploids |
Arabidopsis arenosa |
| (ATCOM1, ATGR1, COM1, GR1, AT3G52115) (ATSAE2, EMB2764, SAE2, AT2G21470) |
was designated |
(ATSAE2, EMB2764, SAE2, AT2G21470) (sporulation in the absence of Spo11) |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| OsREC8 localization in Oscom1-1 meiocytes |
behaved the same as |
OsREC8 localization in wild-type meiocytes |
Oryza sativa |
| PAIR3 |
was localized to |
chromosome axis |
Oryza sativa |
| OsCOM1 signal in OsSPO11-1 RNAi plants |
was not detected |
|
Oryza sativa |
| dual immunostaining of OsCOM1 and OsMER3 |
was conducted to show |
possible co-localization |
Oryza sativa |
| haploid maize |
exhibits |
non-homologous synapsis |
Zea mays |
| 5S rDNA foci in (PHS1, AT5G23720) mutant |
remain |
unpaired |
Zea mays |
| dsy1 mutant |
shows |
random chromosome synapsis |
Zea mays |
| simultaneous cytokinesis |
occurs only after |
completion of the second chromosome separation |
plants |
| (ATNACK2, NACK2, TES, AT3G43210) /stud mutant |
has |
cytokinesis is disturbed |
Arabidopsis |
| Zea mays |
was used to identify |
leptotene–zygotene transition (prezygotene) as a cytologically-distinct stage in meiosis |
Zea mays |
| successive cytokinesis |
is found in |
male meiocytes of many monocots |
plants |