| SlMPK6 |
is significantly upregulated in |
Bg_9562 protein-treated leaves during 30 min to 6 h of treatment |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| rapid activation of MAPK cascades upon PAMP treatment |
prompted testing of whether |
S/TP sites are the major phospho-sites of (PAP3, PIF3, POC1, AT1G09530) in response to flg22 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATEDR1, EDR1, AT1G08720) |
regulates |
MKK accumulation via modulation of E3 ligases |
|
| MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 inability to phosphorylate Arabidopsis MKKs |
suggests |
they likely do not function as canonical MKKKs in vivo |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling |
acts in a concerted manner to determine |
physiological and pathological responses to a wide variety of extracellular and intracellular stimuli |
|
| (M3Kdelta1, MKD1, RAF3, AT5G11850) phosphorylation of (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) |
occurs at |
Thr215 and Ser221 (within the S/T-X3-5-S/T motif) |
|
| some Raf-like kinases |
can phosphorylate |
MKKs |
|
| RiMsn2 |
may directly interact with |
upstream RiHog1 protein from Rhizophagus irregularis |
Rhizophagus irregularis |
| SlMPK3 |
is not significantly upregulated in |
peptide 2-treated leaves during 30 min to 6 h of treatment |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| phospho-MAPK detection |
used to verify |
MAPK pathway activation upon B. cinerea infection |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| rice ortholog of (ATEDR1, EDR1, AT1G08720) |
associates with but does not phosphorylate |
OsMKK10.2 |
Oryza sativa |
| BcPG1 NSP infiltration in tomato leaves |
triggered |
activation of MAPK signaling |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SlMAP2K2 DD (Thr215 and Ser221 mutated to Asp215 and Asp221) |
is |
phosphor-mimic constitutive activation form of MAP2K2 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SlMAP3K18 4D (SlMAP3K18 T45D, S49D, S76D, and S135D) |
is |
constitutive activation form |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ATMAP65-1, MAP65-1, AT5G55230) |
is phosphorylated by |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) |
|
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
contain |
MAPKs |
|
| (ATEDR1, EDR1, AT1G08720) |
associates with |
(ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) and (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) |
|
| SlFERL |
may phosphorylate |
SlMAP3K18 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
are activated in |
OE lines during 1 and 3 dpi of R. solanacearum infection |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| MAP2K4 phosphorylation status |
is necessary for |
biochemical functions relevant to cell death phenotype |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| SlMPK6 |
is significantly upregulated in |
peptide 1-treated leaves during 30 min to 6 h of treatment |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SlMPK6 |
is not significantly upregulated in |
peptide 2-treated leaves during 30 min to 6 h of treatment |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 |
cannot phosphorylate |
any of the 10 Arabidopsis MKKs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| VIGS-MAP2K2 and VIGS-MAP3K18 plants |
showed MAPK activity that did not change significantly upon |
B. cinerea infection |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SlFERL (Solanum lycopersicum FERONIA Like) |
fine-tunes |
MAPK signaling |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SlFERL (Solanum lycopersicum FERONIA Like) |
triggered downstream signaling by phosphorylating |
SlMAP3K18 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SlERF.C1 |
is under the regulation of |
MPK pathways |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| ubiquitin-specific protease 15 (UBP15, AT1G17110) |
has as substrate |
mitogen-activated protein kinase Gpmk1 |
Fusarium graminearum |
| serine-proline-rich protein homolog (SlSPRH1) |
is |
substrate of SlMPK1 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| StVIK |
is |
Raf-like MAP3K and member of subgroup C1 |
Solanum tuberosum |
| (ANP2, MAPKKK2, NP2, AT1G54960) (ANP3, AtANP3, MAPKKK12, NP3, AT3G06030) mutant |
phenotype is similar to |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK cascades |
play key roles in |
plant growth and stress signaling |
|
| (ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
form a MAP kinase cascade with |
MAPKKK YODA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMKK3, MKK3, AT5G40440) |
has been previously shown to activate |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade |
consists of |
MAPK, MAPK kinase (MAPKK or MKK) and MKK kinase (MAPKKK or MEKK) |
|
| MAPK cascades in plants |
have been identified in |
cell division |
|
| summ4-1D (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) /2 plants |
shows restoration of flg22-induced activation of |
MAP kinases |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MPK4-HA-YCE expressed in wild-type protoplasts |
is activated upon treatment with |
flg22 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activated MAPKs |
have downstream targets including |
transcription factors |
|
| SlMPK1-mediated homologous proteins |
were also observed in |
Arabidopsis MAPKKK double mutant anp2anp3 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SlIDA signal function in mediating tomato pollen development and ROS levels |
might also require |
MAPK cascades |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| ARABIDOPSIS SER/THR PHOSPHATASE OF TYPE 2C 1 (AP2C1, AT2G30020) |
inactivates |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitochondrial oxidative burst |
results in the activation of |
MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE3 (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
|
| vesicular trafficking inhibitors |
did not affect |
flg22-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SlSPRH1 acts downstream of SlMPK1 |
is suggested by |
S44A mutation blocking SlMPK1-mediated inhibition |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Arabidopsis NPK1-related Protein kinases (ANP1, MAPKKK1, NP1, AT1G09000) (ANP2, MAPKKK2, NP2, AT1G54960) and (ANP3, AtANP3, MAPKKK12, NP3, AT3G06030) |
are |
three MAPKKKs closely related to NPK1 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK kinases (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) and (ATMKK2, MK1, MKK2, AT4G29810) |
are part of |
MAPK cascade |
|
| MAPK cascades |
are |
highly conserved |
|
| 47-kD MBP-phosphorylated protein (p47-MBPK) |
is identified as |
SlMPK1 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| MAPK cascades in plants |
have been identified in |
development |
|
| Yoda-MKK4/MKK5-MPK3/ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) MAP kinase cascade |
is |
studied extensively |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) and (ATMKK2, MK1, MKK2, AT4G29810) |
are required for activation of |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) by flg22 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK cascades |
modulate |
cellular responses to diverse cues |
|
| activated MAPKs |
have downstream targets including |
protein kinases |
|
| flg22 treatment |
induces activation of |
phosphorylated (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phosphorylation of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway |
is conserved among |
various species |
|
| constitutively active MAPK (CA-MPK) mutants |
specificity toward known activators and substrates appears to be unchanged in |
known activators and substrates |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| anp2-2 anp3-3 double mutant |
crossed with transgenic line expressing |
constitutively active (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) (CA- ) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SlERF.C1 |
interacted with |
mitogen-activated protein kinase SlMPK8 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| downstream signaling responses |
include |
MAPK activation |
|
| (ANQ1, ATMKK6, MKK6, SUMM4, AT5G56580) |
phosphorylates |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| summ4-1D mekk1-1 double mutant |
has similar dwarf morphology as |
mekk1-1 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MKKs |
phosphorylate |
MAPKs |
|
| Tandem zinc finger protein 9 (AtC3H66, TZF9, AT5G58620) |
is phosphorylated by |
mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
|
| pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) |
includes |
phosphorylation-dependent activation of three-tiered mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
|
| OsLRR-RLK1-silenced plants |
displayed |
decreased MAPK3/6 activation following SSB infestation |
Oryza sativa |
| phosphorylation intensity of MdMYB1 |
gradually decreased after |
30 min of light exposure |
Malus domestica |
| MAPK cascade composed of (ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) /5/9 and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 |
can be activated |
stress conditions |
|
| (ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) |
function upstream of |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
|
| reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation |
has an effective role in the regulation of |
mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activities through their translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMKK7, BUD1, MKK7, AT1G18350) |
functions upstream of |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
|
| (ATMKK9, MKK9, AT1G73500) |
functions upstream of |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phosphorylation of (ATOST1, OST1, P44, SNRK2-6, SNRK2.6, SRK2E, AT4G33950) /42 MAPK (Erk1/2) |
increases >1.5-fold after 60 min of light treatment compared with |
baseline phosphorylation at 0 min |
Malus domestica |
| light treatment |
leads to rapid phosphorylation of |
MdMPK6 |
Malus domestica |
| proteins at the cell periphery of stomatal lineage cells |
modulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling directly by activating |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| low phosphate treatment |
activated |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
|
| (ATPHOS32, PHOS32, AT5G54430) |
is substrate of |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| current paradigm of MAPK signaling |
proposes that |
fewer MKKs regulate all MPKs |
|
| Tandem zinc finger protein 9 (AtC3H66, TZF9, AT5G58620) |
is phosphorylated by |
mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
|
| polyclonal antibodies raised against phosphorylated human ERK1 (Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase 1) and ERK2 |
specifically react with |
activated form of plant ERK-related MAPKs |
|
| activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase by oxidative stresses |
has also been reported for |
two members of the C1 subgroup of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in Arabidopsis, (ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) (ATMPK2, MPK2, AT1G59580) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| calcium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) |
are strong activators of |
MAPK signaling |
|
| (ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) DD (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) DD expression |
does not alter |
transcription levels of (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) and (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RAF–MEK–ERK pathways |
converge on |
Exo70 phosphorylation |
|
| genetic analysis of the MAPK pathway components in Arabidopsis |
revealed |
functionally redundant MKK–MPK network |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activated MAPKs |
phosphorylate |
substrate(s) |
|
| Arabidopsis tandem zinc finger 9 (AtC3H66, TZF9, AT5G58620) |
is |
phosphotarget of (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in the cytosol |
is often assumed to result in |
translocation of MAP kinase to the nucleus |
|
| Phe-pre-treated flowers infected with Botrytis cinerea |
showed only few regulatory genes affected including those involved in |
MAP phosphorylation |
Chrysanthemum morifolium |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
are |
upstream factors of (ATEXO70A1, EXO70A1, AT5G03540) activation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MdMYB1 expression |
increased in |
MdMPK4- and CA-MdMPK4-overexpressing calli |
Malus domestica |
| two MdMPK4 proteins |
have similar functions in increasing |
MdMYB1 stability |
Malus domestica |
| rapid response upon infection |
activates |
MAPKKK signaling events |
|
| group I WRKY transcription factors |
are activated by |
MAPK-dependent phosphorylation |
|
| (ATPHOS32, PHOS32, AT5G54430) |
is substrate of |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LRR proteins |
activate |
MAPK signaling events |
Chrysanthemum morifolium |
| phosphorylation of p38 |
increases in |
apple peels following light treatment |
Malus domestica |
| light treatment |
leads to rapid phosphorylation of |
MdMPK4 |
Malus domestica |
| phosphorylation intensity of MdMYB1 |
achieved highest level at |
30 min after exposure to light |
Malus domestica |
| MEKK1-MKK1/MKK2-MPK4 MAP kinase cascade |
is |
studied extensively |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MdMPK6 |
highest level reached after |
40 min of light treatment |
Malus domestica |
| mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) |
belong to |
MAPK cascades |
|
| phosphorylated MdMPK4 |
abundance increases after |
15-min light treatment |
Malus domestica |
| 48-kDa protein kinase |
is likely to be |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) |
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia |
| MPK (MAPK) |
is activated by |
MPK kinase (MPKK or MEK) |
|
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
is one of |
20 MPKs present in Arabidopsis thaliana |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| in vivo phosphorylation of MdMYB1 |
is mediated by |
MdMPK4 proteins under light conditions |
Malus domestica |
| MdMYB1 S142A |
phosphorylation greatly reduced when |
site was mutated |
Malus domestica |
| (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
has been shown to be activated by hormones and by stress conditions |
hormones and stress conditions |
|
| extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) |
is involved in |
cell proliferation and differentiation |
|
| (ATWRKY33, WRKY33, AT2G38470) |
is activated by phosphorylation through |
mitogen-activated protein kinases (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| functionally redundant MKK–MPK network |
converges on |
(ATEXO70A1, EXO70A1, AT5G03540) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MdMPK6 |
initial activation observed after |
10 min of light treatment |
Malus domestica |
| MAPK |
is required for |
H2O2 -induced increase in activity of NADPH oxidase |
Zea mays |
| minor MdMPK4 activity |
was detected under |
low-light conditions |
Malus domestica |
| G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) |
activate downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway via heterotrimeric G proteins |
mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway |
|
| overexpression of MdMYB1 |
increased |
phosphorylation level of MdMYB1 through MdMPK4 |
Malus domestica |
| stronger phosphorylation of MdMYB1 |
compared to |
RNAi-MdMPK4 and wild-type lines |
Malus domestica |
| light treatment |
leads to rapid phosphorylation of |
MdMPK4 |
Malus domestica |
| chitosan treatment |
induces |
MAPK-mediated signal transduction |
Astragalus membranaceus |
| NaMKK1 silencing |
has no detectable effect on |
NaSIPK and NaWIPK activity |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| light treatment |
leads to rapid phosphorylation of |
MdMPK3 |
Malus domestica |
| MdMPK4 |
initial activation observed after |
10 min of light treatment |
Malus domestica |
| wild-type calli treated with kinase inhibitor K252a |
caused significant decline in |
phospho-MdMPK4 and phospho-MdMYB1 levels |
Malus domestica |
| WIPK activity |
was only detected in |
W+OS-induced samples |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| treatment with phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid (OA) |
caused obvious increase in |
phospho-MdMPK4 and phospho-MdMYB1 |
Malus domestica |
| MAPK activities |
might attend to regulate |
physiological responses in papilla cells in addition to (ATEXO70A1, EXO70A1, AT5G03540) localization |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PAT1, AT5G48150) |
is phosphorylated by |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SIPK and WIPK activity |
was determined in |
EV and NaGSNOR-VIGS plants 0, 10, 30, and 60 min after W+W and W+OS treatment |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| constitutively active form of NtMEK2 overexpression |
leads to activation of |
NtWIPK |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| NaBAK1 |
modulates wounding- and herbivory-induced JA levels either downstream of or independent of |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| phosphorylation of MdMYB1 |
is mediated by |
MAPK cascade |
Malus domestica |
| MdMPK4-06G transcript levels |
were significantly higher than |
MdMPK4-14G following light treatment |
Malus domestica |
| stronger phosphorylation of MdMYB1 |
was observed in |
MdMPK4-, CA-MdMPK4s- and MdMYB1-overexpressing calli |
Malus domestica |
| OGs |
elicit |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) activation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NaMEK2 |
is important for simulated herbivory-elicited activation of |
salicylic acid-induced protein kinase (SIPK) |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| flg22 |
maximally activates less rapidly and less transiently than |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade |
is involved in |
abiotic stress responses |
|
| three MAPKs ( (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) and (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) ) |
have nuclear targets including |
(AtEIN3, EIN3, AT3G20770) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| acclimation-induced cross-tolerance |
is associated with |
activation of (ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) /2 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| MdMPK4-06G expression levels |
decreased after highest expression level was detected at |
30 min |
Malus domestica |
| (ATMKK9, MKK9, AT1G73500) overexpression |
activates |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activated MAPK |
can phosphorylate |
cytoskeleton-associated proteins |
|
| wounding and simulated herbivory treatment |
rapidly enhances |
NaSIPK and NaWIPK activity |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| NaMEK2 |
is important for |
activation of NaSIPK |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| drought acclimation (DA) |
failed to induce |
(ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) /2 activation in pTRV-RBOH1 plants |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| MAPKKKs |
have not yet been described in |
canola |
Brassica napus |
| mitogen-activated-protein-kinase signalling |
may target |
microtubule system |
|
| SIPK and WIPK |
are required for |
wounding- and herbivory-induced JA and ethylene biosynthesis |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| PtaRHE1 in PtaRHE1-overexpressing plants |
possibly acts upstream of |
WIPK in activation of WRKYs |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| NaMKK1 |
is not required for activation of |
NaSIPK and NaWIPK |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| WIPK |
is >2-fold induced in |
PtaRHE1-overexpressing plants |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| W+W and W+OS in EV plants |
rapidly activated |
SIPK |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| constitutively active form of NtMEK2 overexpression |
leads to activation of |
NtSIPK |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| light treatment |
influences |
phosphorylation of MdMYB1 |
Malus domestica |
| NtMEK2 |
is upstream kinase of |
SIPK and WIPK |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| NaMEK2 and certain other MAPKKs |
are required for activation of |
NaWIPK |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| phospho-MdMYB1 levels |
increased when |
MdMPK4 genes were overexpressed |
Malus domestica |
| high MdMPK4 expression |
increased accumulation of |
phospho-MdMPK4 and phospho-MdMYB1 |
Malus domestica |
| (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) |
may activate |
salicylic acid-induced protein kinase (SIPK) |
Nicotiana benthamiana; Nicotiana tabacum |
| higher phospho-MdMYB1 levels |
were observed under |
high-light compared to low-light treatment |
Malus domestica |
| MdMPK4-14G |
may be |
functional supplement to MdMPK4-06G in phosphorylating target genes |
Malus domestica |
| PD98059 pre-treatment |
shows no significant difference in |
Trx h3 expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| acclimation |
induced |
activation of (ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) /2 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SIPK (Stress-Induced Protein Kinase) |
remains fully active in response to NO |
transgenic tobacco cell suspensions unable to accumulate salicylic acid (SA) |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| (ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) and (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) |
activate |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NaMKK1-VIGS plants |
have reduced |
NaMKK1 transcript levels |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| empty vector (EV) and NaBAK1-VIGS plants |
have similar levels of |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| three MAPKs ( (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) and (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) ) |
have nuclear targets including |
(ERF104, AT5G61600) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BnaRaf28 |
interacted with |
BnaMKK2 in epidermal cells of N. benthamiana |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| activation of WIPK |
appeared to be delayed |
in response to GSH and GSSG |
|
| (AtRAV1, EDF4, RAV1, AT1G13260) |
may be negatively controlled by |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Tyr-phosphorylated peptide |
corresponds to either |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (ATMPK8, MPK8, AT1G18150) or its close homolog (ATMPK15, MPK15, AT1G73670) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| overexpressing MAPKKKα |
can result in |
pathogen-independent cell death |
|
| calcium (Ca2+) |
has key role in |
NO-stimulated MAPK activation |
|
| MAPK kinase (MAPKK) and MAPKK kinase (MAPKKK) |
constitute |
functionally interlinked MAPK cascade |
|
| SIMK kinase (SIMKK) |
is identified as |
upstream activator of SIMK |
Medicago sativa |
| MKK–MPK–WRKY cascades |
demonstrated interesting phenotypes of gain- and loss-of-function plants in |
canola |
Brassica napus |
| carbon monoxide (CO) |
inhibits |
extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation induced by wounding |
Ipomoea batatas |
| IbMAPK |
interacts with |
IbMEK1 |
Ipomoea batatas |
| BiFC, co-immunoprecipitation, and (ATGSTU24, GST, GSTU24, AT1G17170) pull-down assays |
identified |
interaction between IbMEK1 and IbMAPK |
|
| carbon monoxide (CO) |
might prevent |
IbMAPK from IbMEK1 activation |
|
| SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE 3 BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE 1 ( (ATBAK1, ATSERK3, BAK1, ELG, RKS10, SERK3, AT4G33430) ) |
is implicated in the activation of |
mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) |
play crucial role in |
plant growth and development |
|
| carbon monoxide (CO) |
alters phosphorylation of |
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) |
|
| MAPK cascades |
consist of |
MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK), MAPK kinase (MAPKK), and MAPK |
|
| phosphorylation of IbMAPK |
was also inhibited by |
carbon monoxide (CO) |
|
| NTF6 kinase |
expression was barely affected in |
HGLs |
|
| three-tiered modules |
composed of |
Ser/Thr MAPK |
|
| MAPK cascades |
are |
major pathways to drive extracellular stimuli to multiple intercellular responses |
|
| NEM pre-treatment |
blocked |
activation of SIPK and WIPK by GSSG |
|
| ScFRK1 (fertilization-related kinase) |
is |
MAPKKK from the pMEKK subfamily |
Solanum chacoense |
| NO-induced 48-kDa MAPK |
is immunoprecipitated by |
anti-SIPK polyclonal antibodies |
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia |
| convergence of calcium (Ca2+) and nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathways |
might occur at |
MAPK level |
|
| nitric oxide (NO) |
activates |
mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) |
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia |
| mitogen-activated protein cascade ( (ARAKIN, ATMEKK1, MAPKKK8, MEKK1, AT4G08500) (ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) /5, and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6) |
specifically regulates transcription of |
(AtWRKY22, WRKY22, AT4G01250) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MEK2 |
may activate |
salicylic acid-induced protein kinase (SIPK) |
Nicotiana benthamiana; Nicotiana tabacum |
| induction of WRKY factors and defence genes |
is observed during |
activation of tobacco MAPK cascade |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| (PHS1, AT5G23720) |
interacts with |
Arabidopsis MAPK18 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FRAP assay |
can be used to measure |
MAPK signaling activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| H2O2 -induced increase in activity of NADPH oxidase |
is substantially reduced by pretreatments with MAPKK inhibitors |
PD98059 and U0126 |
Zea mays |
| SA-induced protein kinase activity |
shows no differences between |
wild-type and ir-pme lines |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| phase II increase in expression of ZmrbohA–D induced by ABA |
requires |
MAPK activation |
Zea mays |
| MKK phosphorylation by canonical MKKKs |
activates |
MKKs |
|
| ubiquitin-specific protease 15 (UBP15, AT1G17110) |
regulates by modulating deubiquitination of |
Gpmk1 |
Fusarium graminearum |
| (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) expression |
was unaffected in |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) knockouts |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| VIGS-MAP2K4 and VIGS-MAP2K2/MAP2K4 plants |
did not result in MAPK activation upon |
B. cinerea infection |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade |
is involved in |
biotic stress responses |
|
| MAPK pathways |
are organized into |
three-tiered modules |
|
| MAPKKK genes |
have been reported in |
Arabidopsis thaliana and other plant species |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| HglS |
display |
increased levels of phosphorylated (i.e. active state) SIPK |
|
| SlMAP3K18 |
physically interacted with |
SlMAP2K2 and SlMAP2K4 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| subfamily C1 Raf-like kinase RAF27 (also known as BLUE LIGHT-DEPENDENT H+-ATPASE PHOSPHORYLATION; (BHP, AT4G18950) or INTEGRIN-LIKE KINASE 5; ILK5) |
associates with and phosphorylates |
(ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) |
|
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
contain |
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAP2Ks) |
|
| subfamily B3 Raf-like kinase MKKK δ-1 (M3Kdelta1, MKD1, RAF3, AT5G11850) |
can trans-phosphorylate |
(ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) and (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) |
|
| (PGN, AT1G56570) |
induced |
MAPK phosphorylation |
Oryza sativa |
| (M3Kdelta6, SIS8, AT1G73660) AT6 |
is predicted to encode |
putative MAPKKK |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PA species 16:0/18:2 activation of (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
regulates |
downstream pathways |
|
| BnaMKK1 and BnaMKK4 |
did not interact with |
any of the 28 BnaMAPKKK proteins assayed |
Brassica napus |
| relative activation levels of SIPK and WIPK |
showed slightly different kinetics in response to |
GSH and GSSG |
|
| six BnaMKK proteins |
were found to interact with |
at least one BnaMAPKKK protein |
Brassica napus |
| BnaRaf28 |
interacted with |
BnaMKK6 in epidermal cells of N. benthamiana |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| HglS |
display |
increased levels of phosphorylated WIPK, albeit to a lesser extent |
|
| PD98059 (MAPK cascade inhibitor) |
inhibits |
MAPK cascade activation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fast and strong activation of SIPK and WIPK |
was observed in response to |
reduced and oxidized glutathione, respectively |
|
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily |
has >100 members in |
Arabidopsis and rice |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Oryza sativa |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
regulate MAPK activities through |
an indirect mechanism that may involve upstream kinases or phosphatases |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Tomato (ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) /2 |
are orthologues of |
Arabidopsis (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Solanum lycopersicum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK) |
activates |
dual-specificity Ser/Thr and Tyr MAPK kinase (MAPKK) |
|
| regulation and function of subcellular localization of MAPK pathways |
is lacking in |
plants |
|
| carbon monoxide (CO) |
alters phosphorylation of |
extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) |
|
| SIPK |
expression was barely affected in |
HGLs |
|
| adapted pathovar Pst |
induced less activation of |
both kinases |
|
| (AtbZIP67, DPBF2, AT3G44460) |
was found in protein microarrays as putative |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) substrates |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) double mutant |
showed flg22-induced MAPK activities that resembled |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) single mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAP kinase dynamics |
has been better studied in |
budding yeast |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| wild type and constitutively active versions of (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
could directly phosphorylate |
kinase-dead versions of (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) or (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) activity prevention |
then blocks |
its downstream activity |
|
| NEM pre-treatment |
prevented |
activation of both MAPKs by flagellin |
|
| SIPK activation |
following GSSG treatment was maintained somewhat longer compared with |
WIPK activation |
|
| Arabidopsis plants overexpressing SIMKK |
have higher activity levels of |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) MAPK cascade |
has possible upstream MAPKK kinases (MAPKKKs) |
(ARAKIN, ATMEKK1, MAPKKK8, MEKK1, AT4G08500) and ortholog(s) of tomato MAPKKKα |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis plants overexpressing SIMKK |
have higher activity levels of |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| WRKY transcription factor genes |
were systemically studied and characterized in |
canola |
Brassica napus |
| antioxidant enzyme activity increase |
decreases |
phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) |
|
| Arabidopsis thaliana |
contains |
about 60 predicted MAPK kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATPHOS32, PHOS32, AT5G54430) and (ATPHOS34, PHOS34, USP21, AT4G27320) |
are known targets of |
MAPK (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activation of MAPK signalling in WT |
was particularly strong with |
non-adapted pathovar Psm |
|
| Arabidopsis thaliana |
contains |
10 MAPK kinases (MAPKKs) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NlMLP-triggered cell death |
is |
associated with MEK2-dependent MAPK cascades |
|
| MAPK cascades |
transduce |
extracellular stimuli into intracellular responses |
|
| MAPK cascade components |
activation of |
ToxA treatment |
|
| plant MAPK pathways |
regulate |
responses to pathogen attack |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) mutant |
showed higher and longer activation of |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) in response to flg22 treatment |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| co-localization of BnaMAPKKK–BnaMKK interaction pairs |
facilitates |
their interaction and phosphorylation to mediate timely responses to external and internal stimuli |
Brassica napus |
| drought signal |
transmitted through |
identified Hog1-MAPK cascade in Rhizophagus irregularis |
Rhizophagus irregularis; Medicago truncatula |
| RAF27/ (BHP, AT4G18950) /ILK5 |
phosphorylates |
(ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) at the consensus motif as well as at other sites |
|
| serine 366 and serine 503 on AtRAF15 |
showed |
opposing changes in phosphorylation state |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| in vitro kinase assays |
were conducted to |
test whether BOR could be phosphorylated by MAPK |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| elevated mobility of (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) in the SLGC |
results from concentrated accumulation of |
upstream MAPKKK (EMB71, MAPKKK4, YDA, AT1G63700) and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 at the (BASL, AT5G60880) polarity site |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPKs |
are |
Ser/Thr-specific protein kinases |
|
| putative MAPKKKs |
constitute |
most complex and largest group of MAPK pathway components |
|
| MEKK1-dependent (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) responses |
are regulated independently of |
(ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) and (ATMKK2, MK1, MKK2, AT4G29810) |
|
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
regulates |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) activities |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wild type and constitutively active MAPK proteins |
displayed |
autophosphorylation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| dual phosphorylation of (ATMPK8, MPK8, AT1G18150) or (ATMPK15, MPK15, AT1G73670) |
in |
Arabidopsis pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK signaling cascades |
active in |
Arabidopsis pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MKK9–MPK6 cascade |
regulates |
leaf senescence |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NahG transgenic plants |
can reduce |
protein levels of (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| H2O2 at the apoplast |
is essential for |
activation of (ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) /2 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
are activated in response to |
same signals as (ARAKIN, ATMEKK1, MAPKKK8, MEKK1, AT4G08500) (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wounding |
induces |
ERK phosphorylation |
Ipomoea batatas |
| MAPK18 |
belongs to |
D group MAPKs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| specific scaffold proteins |
generate a signaling conduit by assembling |
discrete set of signaling proteins into a complex |
|
| HopF2 |
targets |
MAPK kinase 5 (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| absence of one MAPK |
could influence |
function of the other MAPKs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TDY motif |
thought to be phosphorylated by |
MAPKKs |
|
| crispr_nrpm mutants |
show reduced |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 activity levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| HopF2 |
does not affect |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) activation by (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) /2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMAP65-1, MAP65-1, AT5G55230) |
interacts with |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades |
play important roles in |
plant growth, development and stress responses |
|
| MAPKs |
suppress |
(SPCH, AT5G53210) proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GmHSP40.1 overexpression |
engages |
hierarchical and specific MAPK signaling modules culminating in cell death |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| Arabidopsis (AOD13, ATMKP1, MKP1, AT3G55270) |
is |
important regulator of (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPKKKs |
could modulate downstream substrates with varying kinetic activity over time |
downstream substrates |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (EPF2, AT1G34245) |
activates |
MAPK cascade |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPKKs |
phosphorylate |
MAPKs |
|
| phosphopeptide for MAP3Kε2 ( (MAP3KE2, MAPKKK6, AT3G07980) ) |
identified |
MAP3Kε2 (MAP3KE2, MAPKKK6, AT3G07980) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) (ANQ1, ATMKK6, MKK6, SUMM4, AT5G56580) (ATMKK7, BUD1, MKK7, AT1G18350) and (ATMKK9, MKK9, AT1G73500) |
were able to phosphorylate |
(ATMPK12, MAPK12, MPK12, AT2G46070) in vitro |
|
| OsMKP1 |
physically interacts with |
OsMAPK6 |
Oryza sativa |
| MAPK Fus3p nuclear recovery |
is independent of |
pheromone treatment |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| paraquat acclimation (PA) |
induced |
(ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) /2 activation in pTRV plants |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SIMKK–YFP overexpression |
results in enhanced |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) kinase activation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (BASL, AT5G60880) |
is |
MAPK scaffold protein |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAP3Kε2 (MAP3KE2, MAPKKK6, AT3G07980) |
functionally redundant with |
MAP3Kε1 (MAP3KE1, MAPKKK7, AT3G13530) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| eight MKKs (MKK1-6, 7, and 9) |
have ability to |
interact or activate (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) or (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) or both |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| orthologs of (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) in parsley cells |
are regulated by |
reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through their translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus |
Petroselinum crispum |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
could also be activated in |
nucleus by a (ATMKK9, MKK9, AT1G73500) a nuclear-located mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phosphorylation of MAPK substrates with specific spatiotemporal expression patterns |
is a key approach to achieve |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) functional specificity |
|
| Exo70 in mammalian cells |
is phosphorylated by |
ERK1/2 |
|
| MK2 |
is |
downstream target of p38 MAPK |
|
| wild-type protoplasts treated with flg22 and elf26 |
stimulated |
MAPK activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ascaroside #18 (Ascr18) |
induces activation of |
mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RiHog1 |
directly interacts with |
downstream key transcription factor RiMsn2 |
Rhizophagus irregularis |
| rice subfamily C2 Raf-like kinase OsILA1 |
phosphorylates |
OsMKK4 on multiple N-terminal residues including the key site Thr34 |
Oryza sativa |
| mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
are involved in regulating |
stress hormone levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| signalling network |
exhibits |
high level of complexity |
|
| phosphorylation cascade |
is usually composed of |
MAP KINASE KINASE KINASEs (MAPKKK/MAP3K/MEKK/MKKK), MAP KINASE KINASES (MAPKK/MKK/MEK), and MAP KINASES (MAPK/MPK) |
|
| Slferl mutants |
showed MAPK activity at slightly higher level than |
WT upon B. cinerea infection |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 cascade |
is involved in |
defense responses |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YODA |
is specified as |
MEKK-like MAPKKK |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATWRKY33, WRKY33, AT2G38470) |
interacts with |
MAP kinase substrate (MKS1, AT3G18690) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| B. cinerea infection |
activated |
MAPK pathway |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| S/TP motif fits MAPK phosphorylation preferences |
is reasonable to speculate |
MAPK activation is required for (PAP3, PIF3, POC1, AT1G09530) phosphorylation induced by flg22 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis (ATRBOHD, DELT1, RBOHD, AT5G47910) mutant |
did not affect |
activation of (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| penetration |
is controlled by |
Ste11-Ste7-Gpmk1 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway |
Fusarium graminearum |
| SlMPK3 |
is significantly upregulated in |
peptide 1-treated leaves during 30 min to 6 h of treatment |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SlFERL (Solanum lycopersicum FERONIA Like) |
phosphorylates at Thr45, Ser49, Ser76, and Ser135 |
SlMAP3K18 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| S/TP dipeptide motifs |
have been reported as |
possible MAPK phosphorylation sites |
|
| MAPK activation induced by flg22 |
was comparable in |
(PAP3, PIF3, POC1, AT1G09530) mutants, -OX and WT plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| flg22-induced (PAP3, PIF3, POC1, AT1G09530) phosphorylation |
is dependent on |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 activation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Raf-like kinase phosphorylation of MKKs |
there is limited evidence that this phosphorylation occurs within |
S/T-X3-5-S/T motif |
|
| bona fide role of Raf-like kinases as MKKKs |
has been |
debated |
|
| WRKY transcription factors |
are known |
MAPK substrates |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPKs |
regulate |
various intracellular effectors |
|
| SlFERL-SlMAP3K18 (S. lycopersicum mitogen associated protein kinase kinase kinase 18) module |
functioned in modulating protein levels and/or kinase activities of |
SlMAP2K4 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| both (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
may phosphorylate |
(PAP3, PIF3, POC1, AT1G09530) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
is |
conserved and vital signal pathway |
|
| in-gel kinase assays with stigmatic proteins from SLR1 :: MPK4Ri plants |
validated identity of |
third kinase as (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activated MKKs |
phosphorylate |
MAPK targets |
|
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
relay and amplify |
environmental signals |
|
| (ATEDR1, EDR1, AT1G08720) mutants |
accumulate less |
(ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) proteins |
|
| (ATEDR1, EDR1, AT1G08720) |
acts as |
noncanonical MKKK |
|
| BASL_12356A mutant |
abrogates phosphorylation by |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 |
|
| doxycycline (Dox) exposure |
induces concerted increase of |
MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 6 (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) phosphorylation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK) family |
is divided into |
MEKK-like and Raf-like kinases |
|
| SlMAP2K4 DD (Thr216 and Ser222 mutated to Asp216 and Asp222) |
is |
phosphor-mimic constitutive activation form of MAP2K4 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (M3Kdelta1, MKD1, RAF3, AT5G11850) |
additionally phosphorylates |
(ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) at Thr83 and (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) at Ser46 |
|
| AvrAC |
can also inhibit |
flg22-triggered MAPK activation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SlFERL-KD (intracellular domain of SlFERL, 467–889 aa) |
interacted with |
Raf-like mitogen-associated protein kinase kinase kinase 18 (SlMAP3K18) |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| SlFERL |
interacted with |
SlMAP3K18 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) DD |
is |
constitutive active form of (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activation of (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) by (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) DD |
is sufficient to induce |
(PAP3, PIF3, POC1, AT1G09530) phosphorylation in the absence of PAMPs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SlMAP3K18 functional redundancy |
may explain |
lack of distinct phenotype in VIGS-SlMAP3K18 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) |
is phosphorylated by |
MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASEs (MPKs) (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) |
major functional theme is the regulation of signaling by |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) |
|
| SlFERL-SlMAP3K18 module |
substantially modulated |
protein level and/or kinase activity of SlMAP2K2/SlMAP2K4 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) DD |
can activate |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SlMPK3 |
is significantly upregulated in |
Bg_9562 protein-treated leaves during 30 min to 6 h of treatment |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| Raf-like kinases |
are considered a subfamily of |
MKKKs |
|
| calcium/calmodulin-regulated receptor-like kinase 1 (CRLK1, AT5G54590) |
interacts with |
(ARAKIN, ATMEKK1, MAPKKK8, MEKK1, AT4G08500) |
|
| constitutively activated (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) DD |
negatively regulates |
plant freezing tolerance |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPKKKs |
phosphorylate and activate |
specific MAPKKs |
|
| ROS |
are known to activate |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
|
| ubiquitin-specific protease 15 (UBP15, AT1G17110) |
modulates deubiquitination of |
mitogen-activated protein kinase Gpmk1 |
Fusarium graminearum |
| certain Raf-like kinases |
may operate as |
canonical MKKKs |
|
| UV-damaged DNA |
is a trigger of |
MAPK signaling |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPKK–MAPK cascade |
may act downstream of |
(M3Kdelta6, SIS8, AT1G73660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK kinases (MAP2Ks, MKKs or MEKs) |
are activated by |
MAPK kinase kinases (MAP3Ks or MEKKs) |
|
| EPF/EPFL peptides except (AtEPFL9, EPFL9, STOMAGEN, AT4G12970) |
activates |
downstream MAPK cascade |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPKKKα and WIPK |
are required for |
HSP40-activated cell death |
|
| MAPKKKs |
are involved in |
cell division |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK18 and possibly other MAPKs |
may activate |
tubulin kinase domain of (PHS1, AT5G23720) |
|
| ascaroside #18 (Ascr18) |
induces activation of |
mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
regulates |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) activities |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TDY dual phosphorylation motif |
is recognized by |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (ATMPK15, MPK15, AT1G73670) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plant MAPK pathways |
regulate |
responses to abiotic stress |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPKKKs |
are involved in |
stomatal development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| phosphorylation at three sites on M3KE1 |
increased significantly upon |
boron deprivation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activation of MAPK cascades |
may serve as means of coherent, nutrient limitation induced phosphorylation of |
downstream targets |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AOD13, ATMKP1, MKP1, AT3G55270) |
negatively regulates |
MAPK signaling |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
are conserved signaling pathways found in |
yeast, humans and plants |
|
| (AOD13, ATMKP1, MKP1, AT3G55270) knockout mutants |
is associated with reduced inactivation of |
MAP kinases (MAPKs) (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (BASL, AT5G60880) through its MAPK clients |
simultaneously enhances SPEECHLESS (SPCH) degradation in stomatal lineage ground cells (SLGCs) and protects SPCH in meristemoids through depleting MAPK abundance in meristemoid |
SPEECHLESS (SPCH, AT5G53210) levels in meristemoids and stomatal lineage ground cells (SLGCs) |
|
| NtMPK4 |
is ortholog of |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Nicotiana tabacum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Oxidative Signal-Inducible 1 (AGC2, AGC2-1, AtOXI1, OXI1, AT3G25250) expression |
leads to activation of |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMPK8, MPK8, AT1G18150) |
is one of |
Arabidopsis MAPKs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RBOH expression |
is finely tuned both positively and negatively by |
MAPK cascades |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intensities of all phosphopeptides assigned to the three MPKs |
were found to be |
decreased under long time deprivation of boron |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) |
result in |
wide range of intracellular responses |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cold acclimation (CA) |
failed to induce |
(ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) /2 activation in pTRV-RBOH1 plants |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| paraquat acclimation (PA) |
failed to induce |
(ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) /2 activation in pTRV-RBOH1 plants |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| three-tiered modules |
composed of |
MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK) |
|
| MAPKKKs |
interact with |
BnaMKKs |
Brassica napus |
| BnaMKK1 and BnaMKK4 |
may be |
transducer signals from other upstream MAPKKK proteins |
Brassica napus |
| (BASL, AT5G60880) |
scaffolds |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling components |
|
| links of different MAPK cascades to specific downstream gene activation |
remain unclear |
at the moment |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TDY-type MAPKs |
form the largest subgroup in |
rice |
Oryza sativa |
| ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4 (ABI4, ATABI4, GIN6, ISI3, SAN5, SIS5, SUN6, AT2G40220) |
could directly control |
MAPK cascade |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK signaling cascades |
is an early immune response activated by |
chitin in rice |
Oryza sativa |
| OsCERK1 |
is required for |
PGN- and chitin-induced MAPK activation |
Oryza sativa |
| (M3Kdelta6, SIS8, AT1G73660) |
is annotated as |
MAPKKK |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ROS burst |
is not required for |
activation of tobacco SIPK/WIPK |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| WIPK |
acts in a |
MAPKKKα-independent module in Pto/AvrPto-triggered cell death |
|
| hydroxyurea |
does not activate |
MAP kinases (MAPKs) (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
phosphorylates BASL at |
S89, S145, S168, S235, and S246 phosphosites of (BASL, AT5G60880) |
|
| (ATMKK3, MKK3, AT5G40440) and CaMs |
may have interactive roles for |
(ATMPK8, MPK8, AT1G18150) signaling |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SlFERL-SlMAP3K18 (S. lycopersicum mitogen associated protein kinase kinase kinase 18) module |
functioned in modulating protein levels and/or kinase activities of |
SlMAP2K2 (S. lycopersicum mitogen associated protein kinase kinase 2) |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
contain |
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP3Ks) |
|
| tubulin kinase domain |
is embedded within |
negatively acting MAPK phosphatase molecule |
|
| mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
are |
highly conserved signaling modules |
|
| MAPK substrates |
provide insights into |
regulatory mechanism of MAPK |
|
| kinetic values of interactions between MdMPK4-06G-MdMYB1 and MdMPK4-14G-MdMYB1 |
showed no significant differences |
between the two MdMPK4 proteins |
Malus domestica |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
may be activated by |
exogenously added H2O2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SUB1A |
is |
MPK phosphorylation target |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis (ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
function in regulating |
development and defense against pathogens |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ANP2, MAPKKK2, NP2, AT1G54960) (ANP3, AtANP3, MAPKKK12, NP3, AT3G06030) CA-MPK4 triple mutant |
partially suppresses dwarf morphology of |
anp2-2 anp3-3 double mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK cascades in plants |
have been identified in |
signal transduction |
|
| (ARAKIN, ATMEKK1, MAPKKK8, MEKK1, AT4G08500) |
functions on |
other as yet unknown pathways |
|
| MAPKKKs |
phosphorylate |
MKKs |
|
| (ATMPK1, MPK1, AT1G10210) (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) (ATMPK11, MPK11, AT1G01560) and MPK13 |
are |
flg22-responsive MAPKs |
|
| (AtC3H66, TZF9, AT5G58620) |
also acts upstream of |
MAPKs |
|
| MdMPK4-06G expression levels |
increased after |
5 min of light exposure |
Malus domestica |
| MAPK cascades |
modulate |
environmental stress resistance |
|
| mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (OsMKP1) |
deactivates |
mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (OsMAPK6) |
Oryza sativa |
| activity of OsMAPK6 |
was increased in |
osmkp1 mutant |
Oryza sativa |
| MAPK cascades in plants |
have been identified in |
disease resistance |
|
| MAPKs, MAPKKs, and MAPKKKs |
work in combinations to form |
distinct MAP kinase cascades |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activated MAPKs |
have downstream targets including |
cytoskeleton-associated proteins |
|
| (ANQ1, ATMKK6, MKK6, SUMM4, AT5G56580) |
interacted with |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MPK4-HA-YCE expressed in summ2-8 (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) /2 protoplasts |
is not activated upon treatment with |
flg22 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 20 transcription factors |
are regulated by |
(ARAKIN, ATMEKK1, MAPKKK8, MEKK1, AT4G08500) |
|
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 activity |
is induced by |
mitochondrial signal upon oxygen deprivation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPKKK-MKK cascades |
may be |
upstream of SlMPK1 negatively responding to heat stress signaling |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| functional redundancy at MKK tier |
breaks |
current paradigm of MAPK signaling |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LRR RLKs |
consequently trigger |
MAPKKK signaling events |
|
| ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4 (ABI4, ATABI4, GIN6, ISI3, SAN5, SIS5, SUN6, AT2G40220) |
can be phosphorylated at multiple residues by |
mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
|
| MdMPK3 |
highest level reached after |
40 min of light treatment |
Malus domestica |
| two distinct MdMPK4 proteins |
can interact with |
MdMYB1 |
Malus domestica |
| (ARAKIN, ATMEKK1, MAPKKK8, MEKK1, AT4G08500) /MKK1-MKK2/ (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) module |
negatively regulates expression of |
(MAPKKK9, MEKK2, SUMM1, AT4G08480) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Yoda-MKK4/MKK5-MPK3/ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) MAP kinase cascade |
mediate signal transduction from |
upstream RLKs such as ERECTA and BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (ATBAK1, ATSERK3, BAK1, ELG, RKS10, SERK3, AT4G33430) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 35S-MKK6-HA plasmid cotransformed with MPK4-HA-YCE construct in summ2-8 (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) /2 protoplasts |
results in activation of |
MPK4-HA-YCE upon flg22 treatment |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RACK1 |
functions as scaffold protein to bridge |
protein interactions in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade-mediated signaling |
|
| AtLAZY/LZY phosphorylation by MPK |
is pivotal for |
gravity signaling |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| microtubules |
are cytoskeletal targets of |
activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) |
|
| (ATMKK9, MKK9, AT1G73500) |
might be |
upstream component of SlMPK1 in response to heat stress |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| flg22 treatment |
induces activation of |
phosphorylated (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| summ4-1D (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) /2 plants |
have phosphorylated MPKs detected at position of third band in flg22-treated |
MAPK activation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| de novo synthesis of short-lived phosphatases |
is known to be required for |
attenuation of MAPK phosphorylation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| functional yeast screen |
identified |
mutations that render Arabidopsis MAPKs constitutively active |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mitochondrial oxidative burst |
results in the activation of |
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
|
| ANPs (Arabidopsis NPR1-related protein kinases)-MKK6-MPK4 MAP kinase cascade |
is |
studied extensively |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| increased expression of (ANQ1, ATMKK6, MKK6, SUMM4, AT5G56580) |
leads to restoration of |
(ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) activation by flg22 in summ4-1D (ATMEK1, MEK1, MKK1, NMAPKK, AT4G26070) /2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NaSERK3/ (ATBAK1, ATSERK3, BAK1, ELG, RKS10, SERK3, AT4G33430) silencing |
did not result in |
reduced MPK activity |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| MKPs |
specifically inactivate |
activated MAPKs |
|
| OsMKP1 |
dephosphorylates and deactivates |
OsMAPK6 |
Oryza sativa |
| multisite phosphorylation |
was detected for |
AtRAF15 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsILA1 phosphorylation of OsMKK4 |
not in |
consensus motif |
Oryza sativa |
| MEKK-like MKKKs |
play |
noncanonical roles in signaling pathways |
|
| cell death induced by NtMEK2 DD expression |
was fully suppressed in leaves silenced for |
SIPK |
|
| MAPK phosphatases (MKPs) |
catalyze dephosphorylation of phosphothreonine and phosphotyrosine in |
MAPK activation loops |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protein phosphorylation networks |
include |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
|
| OsMKP1 |
directly interacts with |
OsMAPK6 |
Oryza sativa |
| OsMKK4-OsMAPK6 module |
is involved in regulation of |
grain size |
Oryza sativa |
| MAPK activation |
was comparable between |
these transgenic plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| canonical MKKKs |
phosphorylate |
MKKs at specific Ser/Thr residues located within a conserved S/T-X3-5-S/T motif |
|
| modulation of deubiquitination of mitogen-activated protein kinase Gpmk1 |
influences |
protein stability of Gpmk1 |
Fusarium graminearum |
| mutation of Thr215 and Ser221 in the S/T-X3-5-S/T motif to nonphosphorylatable Ala residues |
reduced |
trans-phosphorylation by RAF27/ (BHP, AT4G18950) /ILK5 |
|
| sorghum |
has |
several TDY-type MAPKs |
Sorghum bicolor |
| MAPK cascades |
transfer signals through |
sequential phosphorylation and activation |
|
| MAPK cascade |
is composed of |
MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK), MAPK kinase (MAPKK) and MAPK |
|
| symrk-409 mutant plants |
show no attenuation of |
flg22-induced (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 phosphorylation after rhizobial inoculation |
Lotus japonicus |
| MAPK inhibition by AvrPto |
was diminished when |
AvrPto Y89D was used |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| different enzymatic activity of MAPKKK isoforms and their substrates dependent on duration of boron deprivation |
may be attributed to |
different phosphorylation patterns of MAPKKKs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAP3Ks |
activation and connection to upstream sensors and receptors in plants is |
not yet understood |
|
| mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (OsMKP1) |
directly interacts with |
mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (OsMAPK6) |
Oryza sativa |
| growth signals |
may activate |
OsMKK4 |
Oryza sativa |
| growth signals |
may activate OsMKK4 through |
upstream MAPK kinase kinase (MKKK) |
Oryza sativa |
| signaling promoting grain growth |
may activate OsMKK4 through |
upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKKK) |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis (AtWRKY22, WRKY22, AT4G01250) |
is induced by |
MAPK pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| flg22 |
elicit |
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) activation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AMK1 |
encodes |
mitogen-activated protein kinase |
Alternaria brassicicola |
| MAPKKKs |
are involved in |
oxidative stress response |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK signaling pathways |
are complex in regulating |
wounding- and herbivory-induced responses |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| NaMKK1 |
is |
closely related to (ATMKK7, BUD1, MKK7, AT1G18350) (ATMKK8, MKK8, AT3G06230) and (ATMKK9, MKK9, AT1G73500) |
Nicotiana attenuata |
| HME fraction |
strongly increased |
MAPK activity |
Oryza sativa |
| phosphorylation kinetics data |
demonstrate |
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| oxidative burst observed in mitochondria during oxygen deprivation |
activates |
MPKs |
|
| MAPKKKs |
are |
serine or threonine kinases |
|
| Infection with B. cinerea |
caused |
induction of MAPKKK signaling events |
Botrytis cinerea |
| (AtCLA1, CLA, CLA1, DEF, DXPS2, DXS, DXS1, AT4G15560) domains |
mediate |
MAPK-interacting protein signaling efficiency and specificity |
|
| (BASL, AT5G60880) |
may function as |
MAPK scaffold protein |
|
| SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE 3 BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE 1 ( (ATBAK1, ATSERK3, BAK1, ELG, RKS10, SERK3, AT4G33430) ) |
is implicated in the activation of |
mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Medicago sativa PP2C (MP2C) |
acts as |
negative regulator of MAPK pathways |
Medicago sativa |
| distinct MAP kinase cascades |
play diverse roles in |
plant development and stress signaling |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK activities |
might attend to regulate |
physiological responses in papilla cells in addition to (ATEXO70A1, EXO70A1, AT5G03540) localization |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PP4R3, PSY2L, SMEK1, AT3G06670) |
was identified as suppressor of |
MEK |
|
| tobacco NtMEK1–NTF6 |
is homolog of |
MKK6–MPK4 |
Nicotiana tabacum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATWRKY33, WRKY33, AT2G38470) |
couples kinase from |
(MKS1, AT3G18690) |
|
| activated (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
are translocated to |
nucleus, where they regulate the expression of stress-regulated genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) and (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) |
show activity in |
stage 12 stigmas |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Phe pre-treatment |
probably activates |
MAPK signaling events |
|
| SlMKK9 (Solyc03g097920) |
was identified to interact with |
SlMPK1 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| flg22 treatment |
induces activation of |
phosphorylated (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MAPK cascade composed of (ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) /5/9 and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 |
phosphorylates |
(ACS2, AT-ACC2, AT1G01480) /6 |
|
| CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE 1 (AtCTR1, CTR1, SIS1, AT5G03730) |
is |
Raf-like MAPKKK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase) family protein |
|
| (IDA, AT1G68765) signal |
involves |
MAPK cascades |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (EMB71, MAPKKK4, YDA, AT1G63700) |
functions upstream of |
(ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) /MKK5-MPK3/ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) module |
|
| phosphorylation of (ATOST1, OST1, P44, SNRK2-6, SNRK2.6, SRK2E, AT4G33950) /42 MAPK (Erk1/2) |
increases following |
light treatment |
Malus domestica |
| MAPK cascades |
regulate |
plant light responses |
|