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ion transport

20199 relationships annotated with this phrase. Showing first 500 of 20199.
Source entity Relationship Target entity Species
reversal potential of 8Br-cGMP-activated currents is far from equilibrium potential of Cl− Arabidopsis thaliana
animal CNGC subunits form heterotetrameric channels at plasma membrane
8Br-cGMP-activated currents show Mg2+ permeability Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATCNGC5, CNGC5, AT5G57940) (ATCNGC6, CNGC6, AT2G23980) double mutation may have small effect on ABA-activated I Ca channel currents Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATCNGC5, CNGC5, AT5G57940) and (ATCNGC6, CNGC6, AT2G23980) are not essential for ABA-activated I Ca channels Arabidopsis thaliana
kinetics of [H+]cyt and [H+]vac during high KCl application indicated K+/H+ antiport dominates Cl−/H+ symport at both membranes
blockage of guard cell inward rectifying K+ currents by cytosolic Na+ has taken longer to develop than nearly instantaneous effect on intracellular Ca2+ seen here Arabidopsis thaliana
typical ocean surface seawater with pH ranges from 7.6 to 8.1 offers excellent sink to which phytoplankton may dump cytoplasmic protons phytoplankton
8-Bromoguanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (8Br-cGMP) activates inward currents Arabidopsis thaliana
reversal potential of 8Br-cGMP-activated currents is far from equilibrium potential of Cl− Arabidopsis thaliana
acetate (Ac) suppresses anion channels in guard cells Arabidopsis thaliana
ABA (abscisic acid) activates nonselective Ca2+-permeable cation channels Arabidopsis thaliana
AtSKOR is plant outward-rectifying K+ channel Arabidopsis thaliana
plasma membrane (PM) and tonoplast are connected in series two membrane systems
transient acidifications in mesophyll cells indicates initial prevailing anion/H+ influx into vacuole
Gd3+ inhibits 8Br-cGMP-activated inward currents Arabidopsis thaliana
N-methyl-d-glucamine (NMDG) abolishes 8Br-cGMP-activated inward currents Arabidopsis thaliana
interrelationships and functioning of membrane transport of K+, Cl−, Ca2+, and H+ paves way to holistic view of ion transport
(ALMT9, AtALMT9, AT3G18440) K93E/E130K mediated currents with time-dependent relaxations and a mean amplitude of −1.30 ± 0.27 nA at −120 mV Nicotiana benthamiana
K+ and Cl− ions are expelled through ion efflux channels
comparative RNA sequencing reveals enrichment of ion-transport functions among genes with higher expression in Schrenkiella parvula Schrenkiella parvula; Arabidopsis thaliana
stress-related ion transporter genes in Schrenkiella parvula showed increased basal expression strengths compared with Arabidopsis thaliana Schrenkiella parvula; Arabidopsis thaliana
Ser-899 phosphorylation is proposed to inhibit H+ -ATPase pump activity Arabidopsis thaliana
cold, H2O2, and mannitol treatments result in phosphorylation decreases Arabidopsis thaliana
lower net Na+ uptake into the shoot can be due to lower root–shoot transport of Na+
Na+ efflux is energy-consuming process
MoMnr2 is essential for magnesium transport Magnaporthe oryzae
(ATCNGC2, CNGC2, DND1, AT5G15410) and (ATCNGC4, CNGC4, DND2, HLM1, AT5G54250) subunits may form heteromeric channels Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana contains over 150 cation transport proteins Arabidopsis thaliana
cngc5-1 cngc6-1 guard cells show measurable ABA activation of I Ca currents Arabidopsis thaliana
cpk6-1 guard cells do not show inhibition by yeast elicitor (YEL) of inward-rectifying K+ channels Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATCNGC5, CNGC5, AT5G57940) and (ATCNGC6, CNGC6, AT2G23980) contribute to activity of the I cat-cGMP channel currents Arabidopsis thaliana
cAMP activates Ca2+-permeable currents Arabidopsis thaliana
ABA-activated I Ca channels are permeable to Ba2+ Arabidopsis thaliana
chloride ion (Cl-) channels (ICl) in Arabidopsis guard cells show current relaxations and steady-state current-voltage relations typical of (ICL, AT3G21720) when stepped to voltages from +40 to −220 mV Arabidopsis thaliana
instantaneous nature of change in steady-state intracellular Ca2+ in response to NaCl in guard cell is suggestive of alteration in plasma membrane potential as consequence of increased external NaCl concentration Arabidopsis thaliana
aquaporins, K+ channels, Na+-H+ antiporters, cation-H+ antiporters, and sulfate transporters contained higher number of DEGPs in groups SpR and SpS Schrenkiella parvula
kinase-sensitive SLAC homologues are found in moss Sphagnum fallax Sphagnum fallax
repetitive high/low KCl (or KNO3) washings protocol was used to demonstrate strong coupling and synchronization of K+ and H+ transport at PM and VM
initial rapid decline in [H+]cyt was caused by K+-influx/H+-efflux across PM
W7 (CaM antagonist) can result in spontaneous CNGC current Arabidopsis thaliana
Ca2+-permeable channels in plant cells are permeable to Ca2+, Ba2+, and Mg2+
8Br-cGMP activates nonselective Ca2+-permeable cation currents Arabidopsis thaliana
8Br-cGMP-activated currents can be carried by monovalent cation Na+ Arabidopsis thaliana
ABA-activated I Ca channels are permeable to Na+ Arabidopsis thaliana
(ABCB19, ATABCB19, ATMDR1, ATMDR11, ATPGP19, MDR1, MDR11, PGP19, AT3G28860) D1173N mutation abolished (ABCB19, ATABCB19, ATMDR1, ATMDR11, ATPGP19, MDR1, MDR11, PGP19, AT3G28860) function
antibody against the Arabidopsis vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter (AT-NHX1, ATNHX, ATNHX1, NHX1, AT5G27150) did not detect protein in Thellungiella Thellungiella; Arabidopsis thaliana
suberin coating on endodermal cells in roots limits coupled transcellular pathways
pH value modifies root transmembrane proton gradient
K+ and anion channels of guard cells are pH-dependent
differences in anion/H+ antiport properties of CLCs could manifest in differences in nitrate vs chloride sequestration
cpk6-2 guard cells do not show inhibition by yeast elicitor (YEL) of inward-rectifying K+ channels Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis CNGC encode functional cyclic nucleotide-gated Ca2+-permeable channel Arabidopsis thaliana
8Br-cGMP activates Ba2+ currents Arabidopsis thaliana
SlSKOR-mediated currents were carried mainly by K+ Xenopus laevis
8Br-cGMP-activated inward currents result from influx of Mg2+ ions or efflux of Cl− Arabidopsis thaliana
I cat-cGMP was reduced in cngc5-1 mutant guard cells Arabidopsis thaliana
a single amino acid mutation converts an outward K+ channel (SKOR, AT3G02850) into an inward K+ channel
SLAH channels in angiosperms function in nutrient movement
vacuolar membrane (VM) contains K+/H+ symporters
Ca2+ channels (ICa) in intact guard cells show reversal voltage close to expected equilibrium voltage for Ba2+ Arabidopsis thaliana
CsMATE1 displayed no activity toward chloride Xenopus laevis
CmMATE1 displayed no activity toward chloride
SLAC homologues may have role in nutrient movement in bryophytes
general K+/H+-antiport feature at PM and VM is common feature
potassium (K+) transport at PM and VM points toward efficient K+/H+ antiport mechanism at both membranes
lanthanum ion (La3+) blocks Ca2+ channels (ICa) Arabidopsis thaliana
cngc5-1 cngc6-1 double mutant guard cells show strongly impaired 8Br-cGMP-activated currents Arabidopsis thaliana
vacuolar membrane (VM) contains cation/H+ antiporters
inward-rectifying K+ channels (IK,in) in Arabidopsis guard cells show current relaxations with half-times of 400 to 600 ms Arabidopsis thaliana; Vicia; Nicotiana tabacum
(ATCNGC1, CNGC1, AT5G53130) (ATCNGC20, CNBT1, CNGC20, AT3G17700) double mutant show no significant difference in I cat-cGMP Arabidopsis thaliana
ABA-activated I Ca channels are permeable to Mg2+ Arabidopsis thaliana
CaM binding reduces CNGC-dependent Ca2+ influx into cells Arabidopsis thaliana
cyclic nucleotide-activated ion channels function as cyclic nucleotide-gated Ca2+-permeable channel
8Br-cGMP-activated Ba2+ currents show activation is not time dependent Arabidopsis thaliana
increased salt concentrations inhibit potassium accumulation in guard cells
CaM binding diminishes cyclic nucleotide-dependent activation of CNGCs Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATCNGC2, CNGC2, DND1, AT5G15410) mutant guard cells show no significant difference in I cat-cGMP Arabidopsis thaliana
ABA-insensitive mutants growth controlled by abscisic acid2 (ATCPK23, CPK23, GCA2, AT4G04740) and abscisic acid insensitive1 (abi1-1) show impaired ABA activation of I Ca channel currents Arabidopsis thaliana
(AtBRC1, ATTCP18, BRC1, TCP18, AT3G18550) directly regulates genes encoding transmembrane proteins involved in inter- and intracellular transport of ions Arabidopsis thaliana
cpk6-1 guard cells do not show activation by yeast elicitor (YEL) of slow anion channels Arabidopsis thaliana
(AHA8, HA8, AT3G42640) shows lower expression in ced2 mutant Arabidopsis thaliana
K+ channels, cation/H+ antiporters, K+/H+ symporters, anion/H+ exchangers, and anion channels contribute to ion exchange between vacuole and cytosol
Prior exposure to W7 increased PAMP (LPS)-dependent inward current through Ca2+-conducting channels Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATCNGC2, CNGC2, DND1, AT5G15410) can form ion channels that conduct both Ca2+ and K+
Arabidopsis genome includes 20 genes encoding homologs to animal Glu receptor channels Arabidopsis thaliana
8Br-cGMP-activated currents show spiky nature similar to Ca2+-permeable cation channel currents Arabidopsis thaliana
permeability ratio for Ba2+ relative to Ca2+ was determined according to Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation
(AHA1, HA1, OST2, PMA, AT2G18960) open stomata2-2D ( -2D) mutant plants have constitutive higher PM H+-ATPase activity Arabidopsis thaliana
nonselective cation channels (NSCCs) mediate Na+ influx
kinase-sensitive SLAC homologues are found in hornwort Anthoceros agrestis Anthoceros agrestis
two-electrode voltage clamp is used to record inward-rectifying K+ channels (IK,in) and chloride ion (Cl-) channels (ICl) currents during abscisic acid (ABA) treatments Arabidopsis thaliana
(ANN1, ANNAT1, AtANN1, ATOXY5, OXY5, AT1G35720) is responsible for root epidermal plasma membrane Ca2+- and K+-permeable conductance Arabidopsis thaliana
SpNHX8;3 showed significantly higher expression in S. parvula roots Schrenkiella parvula
CATION/PROTON EXCHANGER21 (ATCHX21, CHX21, AT2G31910) encodes K+ transporters Arabidopsis thaliana
CATION/PROTON EXCHANGER23 (ATCHX23, CHX23, AT1G05580) encodes K+ transporters Arabidopsis thaliana
lower net Na+ uptake into the shoot can be due to higher Na+ recycling from the shoots into the roots
(PHT4;6, AT5G44370) does not facilitate transport of inorganic anions Arabidopsis thaliana
NaPi-1 protein from rabbit kidney cells is permeant to chloride and organic anions
asymmetry in H+-ATPase manipulation effects is the direct consequence of nonlinearity in pump capacity Arabidopsis thaliana
proton pump has proton reversal potential much larger than sodium/potassium pump
root surface alkalization leads to downstream regulation of plasma membrane (PM)-H + -ATPase
KEA transporters require determination of transport mode
Cs+ and TEA+ do not inhibit Na+ influx Thellungiella; Arabidopsis thaliana
ARABIDOPSIS VACUOLAR H+-PYROPHOSPHATASE1 (AtAVP1, ATAVP3, AtVHP1;1, AVP-3, AVP1, FUGU5, VHP1, AT1G15690) homologs showed increased copy numbers resulting in overall higher expression strengths with expression observed for all duplicates Schrenkiella parvula
salt-tolerant species Salicornia parvula and Eutrema salsugineum show higher basal-level expression of stress-related ion transporters Salicornia parvula; Eutrema salsugineum
SpNHX8;1 and SpNHX8;3 are significantly higher in basal-level expression compared with (ATNHX8, NHX8, AT1G14660) in shoot and root tissues, respectively Salicornia parvula; Arabidopsis thaliana
nitrate transporters, metal transporters, and P-type pump gene families showed more DEGPs in groups (ATATR, ATR, ATR-2, ATRAD3, AT5G40820) and (ATS, KAN4, AT5G42630) Arabidopsis thaliana
IAA − (indole-3-acetic acid anion) concentration gradient did not result in measurable shift in reversal voltage of the I-V curve
(ATCCH1, ATTPC1, FOU2, TPC1, AT4G03560) /SV channel relates to vacuolar physiology
K+ EFFLUX ANTIPORTER1 (ATKEA1, KEA1, AT1G01790) homologs showed increased copy numbers resulting in overall higher expression strengths with expression observed for all duplicates Schrenkiella parvula
(ATCIPK14, ATSR1, CIPK14, PKS24, SnRK3.15, SR1, AT5G01820) mutants show the highest H+-transport activity Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATSAC1, SAC1, AT1G22620) mutant encodes protein that shares similarity with ion transporters Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
HEK cells expressing (ABCB19, ATABCB19, ATMDR1, ATMDR11, ATPGP19, MDR1, MDR11, PGP19, AT3G28860) display substantially greater ionic currents
unidirectional Na+ influx into the roots is significantly smaller in Arabidopsis Thellungiella; Arabidopsis thaliana
mutated forms of (AtKAT1, KAT1, AT5G46240) reduced the activity of wild-type guard cell channel function Arabidopsis thaliana
(AHA1, HA1, OST2, PMA, AT2G18960) pT948 and (AHA2, AtHA2, HA2, PMA2, AT4G30190) pT947 are responsive to several treatments Arabidopsis thaliana
higher selectivity of VIC for K+ over Na+ limits Na+ influx into root cells Thellungiella
PHT4;6 protein was initially annotated to be putative anion/cation co-transporter Arabidopsis thaliana
PM-H+-ATPase actively pumps protons out of cell
(PHT4;6, AT5G44370) could transport inorganic anions
nuclear pore complex (NPC) has ion conductivity
iris-like structures proposed for the central channel differ from iris-like structures suggested for the nuclear basket
advanced electrophysiological tools and optical probes need to be carried out on nuclei from multiple cell types grown under various conditions
V-type ATPase is located in vacuolar membrane
RALF-LIKE 36 (RALFL36) in presence of lanthanum (La3+) causes small increase in H+ efflux Arabidopsis thaliana
SpNHX8;1 showed significantly higher expression in S. parvula shoots Schrenkiella parvula
homologs encoding two potassium transporters, (ATKEA1, KEA1, AT1G01790) and (ATKUP9, HAK9, KT9, KUP9, AT4G19960) are duplicated in Salicornia parvula and show higher basal-level expression in roots Salicornia parvula
transgenic plants harboring (ATCIPK14, ATSR1, CIPK14, PKS24, SnRK3.15, SR1, AT5G01820) show H+-transport activity that is the same as in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATNHX7, ATSOS1, SOS1, AT2G01980) exports Na+ from xylem Thellungiella
DEGP groups (ATATR, ATR, ATR-2, ATRAD3, AT5G40820) and (ATS, KAN4, AT5G42630) were enriched for nitrate transport and metal ion transport processes Arabidopsis thaliana
SpAVP1;1 and (AtAVP1, ATAVP3, AtVHP1;1, AVP-3, AVP1, FUGU5, VHP1, AT1G15690) are strongly expressed with mean normalized RNA-seq read count higher than 99.5% of the entire S. parvula and Arabidopsis genes Schrenkiella parvula; Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATCIPK14, ATSR1, CIPK14, PKS24, SnRK3.15, SR1, AT5G01820) protein has no significant effect on H+-transport activity in wild-type vesicles Arabidopsis thaliana
(AHA10, TT13, AT1G17260) shows lower expression in ced2 mutant Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATNHX7, ATSOS1, SOS1, AT2G01980) export of Na+ limits Na+ transport into the shoot Thellungiella
SpHKT1;1 was expressed specifically in shoots Schrenkiella parvula
NPA (1-naphthylphthalamic acid) did not affect (ABCB19, ATABCB19, ATMDR1, ATMDR11, ATPGP19, MDR1, MDR11, PGP19, AT3G28860) ion channel activity
H+-ATPASE4 ( (AHA4, HA4, AT3G47950) ) shows lower expression in ced2 mutant Arabidopsis thaliana
abscisic acid (ABA) inhibits plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PM H+-ATPase) activity
increasing the Kout population anticipated benefit is offset by change in free-running voltage as K+ efflux adjusts with that of the anions Arabidopsis thaliana
(PHT4;6, AT5G44370) does not facilitate transport of chloride Arabidopsis thaliana
(ANN1, ANNAT1, AtANN1, ATOXY5, OXY5, AT1G35720) does not contribute to root Na+ uptake Arabidopsis thaliana
guard cells regulate fluxes of K+, Cl−, and malate
high concentrations of sodium ions in soil inhibits potassium uptake
homologs of Na+/H+ EXCHANGER1 (AT-NHX1, ATNHX, ATNHX1, NHX1, AT5G27150) and (ATNHX2, NHX2, AT3G05030) and ARABIDOPSIS K+ TRANSPORTER1 do not show differences in copy number or basal-level expression in Salicornia parvula Salicornia parvula
NPPB (5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid) is established as a blocker of (ABCB19, ATABCB19, ATMDR1, ATMDR11, ATPGP19, MDR1, MDR11, PGP19, AT3G28860) activity
SpKEA1;2 (Sp1g00500) had similar expression strengths with (ATKEA1, KEA1, AT1G01790) Schrenkiella parvula; Arabidopsis thaliana
HCO3− (or any anion) would have to move against electrical gradient to enter chloroplast Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
voltage-independent channel (VIC) genes encoding have not yet been identified
decreased Na+ permeability is related to energy conservation
voltage-independent channel (VIC) has higher selectivity for K+ over Na+ than respective system in Arabidopsis Thellungiella; Arabidopsis thaliana
membrane potential of chloroplast envelope is inside negative Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
(AHA1, HA1, OST2, PMA, AT2G18960) and (AHA2, AtHA2, HA2, PMA2, AT4G30190) display coordinated regulation at penultimate position Arabidopsis thaliana
proton influx occurs in root tips, peaking in root transition zone Pisum sativum
low similarity of antigenicity in NHX-type transporters between the two species may explain lack of protein detection in Thellungiella Thellungiella; Arabidopsis thaliana
(PHT4;6, AT5G44370) shows sequence similarity to chloride transport proteins
electrophysiological methods challenge conventional view of NPC ion permeability
R-type anion channel corresponds to aluminum-activated malate transport (ALMT12, ATALMT12, QUAC1, AT4G17970)
SV channels permeate potassium (K+) Arabidopsis thaliana; Hordeum vulgare; Beta vulgaris; Plantago maritima; Allium cepa
SV channels from Plantago maritima show almost equal permeability for potassium and sodium Plantago maritima
citrate is suggested to competitively inhibit malate uptake across the tonoplast
absence of K+ in nigericin-free medium prevents pH shifts
(CDI3, OZS1, RCD3, SLAC1, AT1G12480) mutation does not affect rapid (R)-type anion currents
V-ATPase transports cations
ost2-2D mutant is mutation in Arabidopsis PM H+-ATPase (AHA1, HA1, OST2, PMA, AT2G18960) Arabidopsis thaliana
negative membrane potential activates K+ inward rectifying channels Thellungiella
(AtAVP1, ATAVP3, AtVHP1;1, AVP-3, AVP1, FUGU5, VHP1, AT1G15690) showed higher sequence similarity with SpAVP1;1 Arabidopsis thaliana; Schrenkiella parvula
(AHA2, AtHA2, HA2, PMA2, AT4G30190) down-regulation mechanisms vary based on treatment conditions Arabidopsis thaliana
difference in Na+ inward current between Thellungiella and Arabidopsis could be attributed to higher selectivity of the Thellungiella VIC for K+ over Na+ Thellungiella; Arabidopsis thaliana
nuclear patch clamping experiments supported idea that NPCs possess ion channel activity
(ATCCH1, ATTPC1, FOU2, TPC1, AT4G03560) gene product prevents potassium ion release into the cytosol Arabidopsis thaliana
cells expressing EGFP exposed to 0 or 150 mM NO3− solution show little divergence of electrode voltage–current curves Homo sapiens
modulation of membrane potential controls ion flux at PM
SV channel has selectivity
SV channel has interactions with different ionic species
amino acid residue(s) in the (ATCCH1, ATTPC1, FOU2, TPC1, AT4G03560) gene product determine SV channel voltage dependence
patch clamping of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes from red beet taproots detected somewhat similar channel Beta vulgaris
Na+/H+-antiporters at the tonoplast cause efflux of vacuolar protons Eschscholzia californica
20 mM K-HEPES, pH 7.5, containing 40 mM KCl stops K+ efflux
plasma membranes of higher plant cells are equipped with ion channels
Ca2+ promotes ion efflux
Na+ competition for transporter sites has been reported for soybean soybean
macronutrient Na exists primarily in plant tissues in ionic form okra
neutralization of autoinhibition of the pump activates proton pumping out of the cell
fer-4 seedlings treated with RALF-LIKE 36 (RALFL36) lack flux reversal observed for (RALF33, RALFL33, AT4G15800) Arabidopsis thaliana
members of the ALMT family present significant permeability for more than one anion
import of sugars might affect membrane potential of yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae
proton pumps generate pH gradients of 1–2 pH units
electrochemical driving forces determine direction of potassium ion transport Arabidopsis thaliana
nuclear envelopes of amphibian oocytes have exceptionally low electrical resistance Amphibia
plasma membrane ATPase is encoded by transcript showing similar changes in u-ATP9 and rotenone-treated cells Arabidopsis thaliana
SV channel in Vicia faba guard cells transports Na+ Vicia faba
vacuolar sodium loading at threshold concentration of about 50 mM prevents potassium ion release into the cytosol Arabidopsis thaliana
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) inhibits other P-type ATPases
central channel and peripheral channels of NPC regulate ion flow through the NPC
P-type ATPase is located in plasma membrane
single TPC2 channels would have very small unitary Ca2+ current Homo sapiens
Pseudomonas lipopeptide toxins can inhibit in a synergistic manner PM H+-ATPase enzyme activity
PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCY RESPONSE 2 (MIA, PDR2, AT5G23630) encodes P5-type ATPase Arabidopsis thaliana
genes with loss of regulation in coi1-16 during K re-supply include cation co-transporter (CAX7, CCX1, AT5G17860) Arabidopsis thaliana
allelic variation can affect transport rates
SV from B. vulgaris has Ca2+ conductance of 13 pS Beta vulgaris
active Na+ efflux is presumed to be mechanism in non-vacuolated root meristem cells
depolarisation of the plasma membrane results in efflux of potassium (K+) Pisum sativum; Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATCCH1, ATTPC1, FOU2, TPC1, AT4G03560) gene encodes SV channel Arabidopsis thaliana
kinetics of tracer uptake assay reflected the difference between (ATMGT5, MGT5, MRS2-6, AT4G28580) and (ATMGT10, GMN10, MGT10, MRS2-11, AT5G22830) (ATMGT1, MGT1, MRS2-10, AT1G80900) transport properties Salmonella
K+ removal from growth medium for 7 h prompted marked inhibition of K+ flux in the xylem sap (JK)
Al tolerance in the alr104 mutant correlates with plasma membrane depolarization (Em) Arabidopsis thaliana
export of Na+ by an Na+/H+ antiporter will change cytosolic and vacuolar pH
LATS shows linear responses to substrate concentrations
plant AMTs have been shown to perform electrogenic transport
Aluminum ion (Al 3+) inhibits Magnesium ion (Mg 2+) -permeable cation channels
SLOW ANION CHANNEL-ASSOCIATED 1 (CDI3, OZS1, RCD3, SLAC1, AT1G12480) homotrimer contains central five-helix transmembrane pore
proton motive force (pmf) is used to accumulate calcium, sodium, and potassium ions in the vacuolar lumen
(RALF33, RALFL33, AT4G15800) and RALF-LIKE 36 (RALFL36) treatment shifts H+ flux towards net uptake Arabidopsis thaliana
H+ response shift in fer-4 seedlings treated with (RALF33, RALFL33, AT4G15800) indicates proton pump had not been inactivated by (RALF33, RALFL33, AT4G15800) treatment Arabidopsis thaliana
NPCs are, at most, a diffusion barrier for Ca2+
(CDI3, OZS1, RCD3, SLAC1, AT1G12480) mutant is diminished in anion current (NO3−, Cl−)
vacuolar membrane contains ion channels
cation channels in suspension-cultured cells can transport sodium ions into the vacuole Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATCCH1, ATTPC1, FOU2, TPC1, AT4G03560) gene identification opened perspective for genetic manipulations to explore SV channel function Arabidopsis thaliana
reduction in membrane potential can cause deleterious effects on other transporters driven by the membrane potential Arabidopsis thaliana
patch clamp detection of ion channels in nuclei isolated from immature coconut endosperm minimized possibility that nucleus-associated ion channel activity was due to contamination with other cellular membranes Cocos nucifera
exogenous spermidine application significantly blocks inward Na+ currents in epidermal and cortical cells of barley roots Hordeum vulgare
SV channel is encoded by (ATCCH1, ATTPC1, FOU2, TPC1, AT4G03560) gene
(ATEDS1, EDS1, AT3G48090) – helper NLR nuclear complexes may form channels at nuclear membrane
modulation of membrane potential changes activities of voltage-gated channels
open SV channels have Na+ permeability Na+ permeability Arabidopsis thaliana
SV channels is product of (ATCCH1, ATTPC1, FOU2, TPC1, AT4G03560) Arabidopsis thaliana
SbMATE shows high affinity for Na+ and H+ Sorghum bicolor
PEP1-responsive DEGs in WT plants are significantly enriched for functions including ion transport Oryza sativa
findings on independent regulation of Ca2+ in the nuclear compartment gained further support for possibility of ion impermeable states of the NPC
NPCs can be gated for Ca2+
NIP3 activates plasma membrane H+ ATPase (PM H+-ATPase) Hordeum vulgare
Pseudomonas lipopeptide toxins can inhibit PM H+-ATPase enzyme activity
genomes of higher plants, ferns, and mosses do not harbor animal-type sodium or calcium channel genes
SV channels do not mediate Na+ release from the vacuole Arabidopsis thaliana
Group-3 Shaker channels display weak rectification Arabidopsis thaliana
SODIUM HYDROGEN EXCHANGER4 (ATNHX4, NHX4, AT3G06370) encodes Na+/K+ antiporter
ion transporters confer salt stress tolerance in rice Oryza sativa
lower Na+ content of Thellungiella is explained by findings regarding membrane potential and ion transport Thellungiella
peripheral channels of NPC allow constitutive ion flow
cation-selective, Ca2+- and voltage-dependent channel is located in nuclear envelope (NE) of red beet Beta vulgaris
SV channel is slow-activating vacuolar channel
SV channels permeate calcium (Ca2+) Arabidopsis thaliana; Hordeum vulgare; Beta vulgaris; Plantago maritima; Allium cepa
AtMGT5-transformed cells began to show inhibition of tracer uptake when Mg2+ concentration reached 0.1 mM Salmonella
efflux rate of (ATMGT5, MGT5, MRS2-6, AT4G28580) cells was much higher than MM281 or (ATMGT10, GMN10, MGT10, MRS2-11, AT5G22830) cells Salmonella
(ATMGT5, MGT5, MRS2-6, AT4G28580) was not sensitive to aluminum (Al) Salmonella
passive diffusion of ammonia (NH3) could be alternative explanation for active, energy-consuming extrusion mechanism
present data indicate that the entry of Na+ into shoots under these conditions is reduced by almost an order of magnitude Na+ entry into shoots Oryza sativa
further investigations using advanced electrophysiological tools and optical probes are needed to judge full ion conductance characteristics of NPCs
thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts contains ion channels
amino acid residue(s) in the (ATCCH1, ATTPC1, FOU2, TPC1, AT4G03560) gene product determine SV channel conductance
limited K+ uptake into Vicia faba guard cell protoplasts observed when treated with red light with K+ present in solution Vicia faba
OsPIP1;3 detected significant NO3− conductance Mammalia
other ion transporters serve as shunt conductances
low-affinity HKT transporters in xylem parenchyma cells retrieve Na+ from xylem sap
24 Na+ tracer analysis is used to determine translocation of Na+ to the shoot Oryza sativa
free fatty acids (FFAs) stimulate H+ pump activity Arabidopsis thaliana
HKT, HAK, KAT, CNGC, GLR are involved in transporting cations Oryza sativa
HAK high affinity K+ transporters are competitively inhibited by Na+ Oryza sativa
K m estimated for Na+ -dependent H+ efflux in potato cell lines is of same order of magnitude as K m of VvNHX1 transporter and exchangers from Arabidopsis thaliana and Mesembryanthemum crystallinum Solanum tuberosum; Vitis vinifera; Arabidopsis thaliana; Mesembryanthemum crystallinum
pore domain controls ion permeation
variable unitary conductances reported for Beta vulgaris taproot Beta vulgaris
plant 14-3-3 proteins mediate regulation of plasma membrane localized H+-ATPase
energy required to drive ion transport across plant root membranes can comprise majority of cellular energy budgets
(ATCAX3, ATHCX1, CAX1-LIKE, CAX3, AT3G51860) is tonoplast Ca2+/H+ antiporter
PutHKT2;1 is permeable to K+ Panicum tenuiflora
some HAK transporters may also transport Na+ Hordeum vulgare
Na+ -dependent dissipation of pre-established pH gradient was used to measure Na+ /H+ exchange in tonoplast vesicles Solanum tuberosum
NPCs can be gated for other inorganic ions
intracellular membranes contain ion channels
SV channels permeate magnesium (Mg2+) Arabidopsis thaliana; Hordeum vulgare; Beta vulgaris; Plantago maritima; Allium cepa
Ca2+ blocks ion uptake
Inhibition of Ni2+ tracer uptake by non-radioactive Mg2+ or other cations represents uptake efficiency of Mg2+ or other cations Salmonella
shift in E m towards less depolarization or even hyperpolarization should decrease K + efflux or even induce K + influx Arabidopsis thaliana
cyclic-nucleotide-gated Ca2+ channel (ATCNGC2, CNGC2, DND1, AT5G15410) is known to conduct Li+ Arabidopsis thaliana
P-type ATPases release protons into apoplast Arabidopsis thaliana
Cu2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ concentrations required for 50% inhibition were in the range of 100 uM to 10 mM Salmonella
plant ion channels are recorded from vacuole
PM H + -ATPase creates electrochemical gradient across the PM
Nepenthes ampullaria at pH 4 demonstrates H+ uptake in most zones Nepenthes ampullaria
Ca2+ reduces bypass flow in rice roots Oryza sativa
inward currents measured with chloride decreased at higher pH but only between pH 4.5 and 5.5 external pH Xenopus laevis
(ATCNGC11, CNGC11, AT2G46440) 12, and /12 can function as K+ channels
K+ transporter HvHKT2;1 is candidate for mediating Ammonium (NH4+) transport Hordeum vulgare
TEA+ and Gd3+ suggest role for NSCCs in NH4+ uptake
continuous uptake of NH4+ into cell versus diffusion of NH3 out of cell would result in futile cycling of H+ across plasma membrane
decreased root sodium ion concentrations despite no additional root growth may suggest direct effects on selective ion transport systems Solanum lycopersicum
rooted leaves propagated from 140 Ruggeri and K 51-40 grapevines were used to compare differences in Cl− uptake and transport
PIPs regulate ion channel activity
(ATMGT10, GMN10, MGT10, MRS2-11, AT5G22830) shares similar transport properties with (ATMGT1, MGT1, MRS2-10, AT1G80900) Salmonella
alr104 mutant shows depolarized plasma membranes during combined low-pH/Al treatment Arabidopsis thaliana
barley potassium (K+) transporter HvHKT2;1 transports ammonium (NH4+) Hordeum vulgare
NH4+ transporters of AMT family are highly specific for NH4+ over K+
plasma membrane transporters for active extrusion of NH4+ have not been identified in plants
K+ and Na+ enter the shoot by distinct mechanisms which are genetically regulated distinct mechanisms Oryza sativa
rice plants exhibit enormous individual variability in bypass flow and Na+ uptake Oryza sativa
single-channel fluctuations were recorded in vacuolar side-in membrane patches Arabidopsis thaliana
SV channels in guard cells differ from SV channels in mesophyll cells Arabidopsis thaliana
blue light pulse led to rapid increase in K+ in channel activity in wild-type GCPs Arabidopsis thaliana
polyamines are known to trigger depolarisation of the plasma membrane Pisum sativum; Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana
similar kinetics of inhibition in MM281 mutant cells and AtMGT5-transformed cells rules out possible role of (ATMGT5, MGT5, MRS2-6, AT4G28580) in the uptake of Cu2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ under physiological conditions Salmonella
plant ion channels are recorded from endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
K+ deprivation significantly favoured Rb+ flux in the xylem sap (JRb)
reversal potentials were near zero for control oocytes and oocytes expressing HvALMT1 bathed in chloride or MES Xenopus laevis
TaALMT1 expression in oocytes conferred inward and outward currents of similar magnitude to HvALMT1-induced currents Xenopus laevis; Triticum aestivum
pH 4.0 causes proton pumping out of lumen side in zones B, D, and E in Nepenthes rafflesiana Nepenthes rafflesiana
genome of Arabidopsis thaliana contains around 20 genes encoding K+-selective transporters Arabidopsis thaliana
passive diffusion of ammonia (NH3) out of cytoplasm could occur into vacuole or across plasma membrane into apoplast
differing membrane potentials in yeast might explain different kinetic results
Aluminum ion (Al 3+) inhibits (ATMGT10, GMN10, MGT10, MRS2-11, AT5G22830)
NH4+-grown plants have significantly enhanced potassium (K+) influx under non-steady-state conditions Oryza sativa
root-to-shoot K+ translocation is mediated at least in part by (SKOR, AT3G02850) channel Arabidopsis thaliana
PutHKT2;1 and OsHKT2;1 have different ion specificity Phragmites tenuiflora; Oryza sativa
glutamine at position 270 of TaHKT2;1 was previously shown to be responsible for low affinity Na+ uptake of the protein Triticum aestivum
major proportion of Na+ that gets into plant roots is likely to be transported through non-selective cation channels Oryza sativa
auto-active Arabidopsis NRG1 oligomer forms plasma membrane-localized Ca2+-permeable pore or channel Arabidopsis thaliana
tetraethyl ammonium (TEA+) reduces ammonium (NH4+) influx Hordeum vulgare; Arabidopsis thaliana
membrane depolarization promotes anion efflux
anionic transport plays fundamental roles in plant cell biology
plant ion channels are recorded from chloroplasts
K + influx together with E m hyperpolarization in the Al-sensitive mutants might have been the result of hyperpolarization-activated K + inward-rectifying channels (KIRCs) Arabidopsis thaliana
magnitude of inward current in oocytes expressing HvALMT1 with malate decreased at higher pH external pH Xenopus laevis
malate uptake by oocytes was monitored by bathing oocytes in [14C]malate and measuring radioactivity Xenopus laevis
candidate genes for Sr2+ enrichment include depolarization-activated outward-rectifying K+ channels (KORCs) Arabidopsis thaliana
entry of Na+ into shoots under these conditions is reduced by almost an order of magnitude compared with uptake on directly exposing plants to 200 mM NaCl Oryza sativa
long-distance transport of Na in the plant is similar to transport of other alkaline ions
K+ efflux peak value at 100 mM NaCl reached −600 nmol m−2 s−1
malate efflux was not significantly different from control oocytes when external pH was 7.5 rather than 4.5 Xenopus laevis
K+ stimulation of NH4+ influx in Arabidopsis may be related to growth conditions Arabidopsis thaliana
full-length HvHKT2;1 best supported growth of Δmep1-3 and Δmep1-3 Δtrk1,2 yeast mutants Hordeum vulgare
ΔN62-hkt2;1 complemented better in Δtrk1,2 yeast mutant Hordeum vulgare
stimulation of inward and outward currents upon LiCl addition was weaker than stimulation by KCl Xenopus laevis
OsHKT1;1 displayed strong inward rectification oocytes Oryza sativa; Xenopus laevis
cell–cell path includes transport of ions through the plasmodesmata Oryza sativa
MM281-AtMGT10 cells amount of 63Ni2+ did not change significantly after efflux assay in the presence of different Mg2+ concentrations Salmonella
Al tolerance in the alr104 mutant correlates with higher H+ influx Arabidopsis thaliana
H+ and K+ net fluxes was measured to assess Al susceptibility or tolerance of Arabidopsis mutants Arabidopsis thaliana
proton efflux with K+, NH4+, or combination of both ions is measured in root cells Arabidopsis thaliana
increasing shoot levels of bioactive cytokinins decreased sodium ion concentrations under salinity Solanum lycopersicum
FFAs can modulate Plant Inner Membrane Anion Channel (PIMAC)
MM281 cells amount of 63Ni2+ did not change significantly after efflux assay in the presence of different Mg2+ concentrations Salmonella
release of organic anions from the Arabidopsis roots upon Al exposure would depolarize E m Arabidopsis thaliana
anion selectivity follows the order fumarate > malate > citrate > Cl– = MES Xenopus laevis
epidermal cells beneath lunate cells in Nepenthes rafflesiana are candidates for active transport of aqueous ions in wax-covered, non-glandular zones Nepenthes rafflesiana
opposite electrochemical gradients require different transport mechanisms for uptake and efflux
45Ca2+ uptake analysis showed K927 mutant yeast with (ATCNGC11, CNGC11, AT2G46440) /12 or /12:R557C had higher uptake rate of 45Ca2+ than K927 carrying empty vector
TEA+ inhibition of NH4+-induced H+ efflux supports interpretation that activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase represents energy-consuming step Arabidopsis thaliana
electrical potentials at membrane surfaces (ψ 0) influences driving force for ion fluxes across membranes
transporters and channels might be involved in Cs+ and Sr2+ accumulation processes
two parallel pathways for Ca2+/Sr2+ movement to the xylem could imply functional separation of symplastic and apoplastic Ca2+/Sr2+ flux within the root Arabidopsis thaliana
ABA inhibition of guard cell H+ ATPase activity contributes to membrane depolarization
FFA ionophoric activity was shown to be negligible in K+ permeability enhancement
Aliquots of cells with equal amount of radioactivity were transferred in efflux assay buffer containing different Mg2+ concentrations Salmonella
plant ion channels are recorded from plasma membrane
prolonged K+ deprivation (31 h) caused marked increase in K+ flux in the xylem sap (JK)
als5 mutant shows initial depolarization followed by hyperpolarization during combined low-pH/Al treatment Arabidopsis thaliana
change in E m would theoretically affect K + flux
MZ has larger number of K + transport systems than the root apex Arabidopsis thaliana
anion and cation channels in stelar cells have been detected and characterized
(ATCNGC11, CNGC11, AT2G46440) /12 channel activity is attributable for cpr22 phenotype Arabidopsis thaliana
futile cycling of H+ across plasma membrane would be catalysed by ATP-fuelled plasma membrane H+-ATPase
BOA inhibits plasma membrane bound H+ ATPases Avena fatua
(SKOR, AT3G02850) is selective K+ outward-rectifying channel
latent Mg2+-sensitive ion-conducting pathways include K+ transporter
study of durum wheat (ATHKT1, HKT1, HKT1;1, AT4G10310) ;4 transporters shows that important functional variability exists among durum wheat (ATHKT1, HKT1, HKT1;1, AT4G10310) ;4 genes Triticum turgidum subsp. durum
K+ leakage mediated by K+-permeable channels is focus of this article
root proton extrusion in OES/WTR shows no significant difference with root proton extrusion in MNS/WTR Arabidopsis thaliana
Al-induced E m depolarization in the Al-tolerant genotypes could be a result of currents caused by the H + flux across the plasma membrane Arabidopsis thaliana
currents were measured at pH 4.5, 5.5, and 7.5 Xenopus laevis
K+ transporter (ATKCO1, ATTPK1, KCO1, TPK1, AT5G55630) is candidate for mediating Ammonium (NH4+) transport Arabidopsis thaliana
increased channel or transporter activity for K+ uptake may result in increased NH4+ influx Arabidopsis thaliana
membrane depolarization suppresses inward K+ channel opening
contact of phenolic acids with root cell membrane leads to efflux of ions
(ATMGT10, GMN10, MGT10, MRS2-11, AT5G22830) uptake pattern is in sharp contrast with (ATMGT5, MGT5, MRS2-6, AT4G28580) inhibition of tracer uptake pattern Salmonella
Cu2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ significantly inhibited tracer uptake in AtMGT5-transformed cells Salmonella
shift in K + flux towards influx might be due to direct or indirect effect of (ALS3, AT2G37330) and (AHAS, ALS, CSR1, IMR1, TZP5, AT3G48560) mutations Arabidopsis thaliana
immediate difference between the wild type and (ALS3, AT2G37330) mutants in ion fluxes and E m after exposure to Al indicates that (ALS3, AT2G37330) functioning may be linked to maintenance of E m depolarization, K + efflux, H + influx, and, in the longer term, to K + homeostasis Arabidopsis thaliana
magnitudes of inward and outward currents were between 2- and 5-fold greater with malate, fumarate, or citrate in the bathing solution Xenopus laevis
Arabidopsis thaliana (AKT1, ATAKT1, KT1, AT2G26650) transports ammonium (NH4+) Arabidopsis thaliana
NH4+ uptake is reduced by K+ Arabidopsis thaliana
HKT isoforms in various species have been shown to function as K+/Na+ co-transporters
E. coli AmtB binds NH4+ with high affinity NH4+ Escherichia coli
NH3 permeable tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs) are present in vacuole
candidate genes for Sr2+ enrichment include ionotropic glutamate receptors (GLRs) Arabidopsis thaliana
AtMGT5-mediated influx is specifically inhibited by high concentration of magnesium Salmonella
higher H+ uptake under low-pH stress in als5 mutant is abolished by Al exposure Arabidopsis thaliana
net NH4+ and K+ fluxes into roots show almost linear inverse correlation NH4+ and K+ concentrations Arabidopsis thaliana
short term K+ deprivation (7 h) occurs independently of its effect on K+ flux in the xylem sap (JK)
K + influx or decreased K + efflux was observed in DEZ of all the genotypes tested Arabidopsis thaliana
TEA+ strongly reduces NH4+ influx Arabidopsis thaliana
small changes in the HKT protein structure could be expected to alter ion selectivity or affinity of the protein
mutation of the glutamine residue to leucine resulted in reduced low affinity Na+ uptake of TaHKT2;1 Triticum aestivum
transporters mediate Mg 2+ uptake
CorA-like proteins have been identified from animals and human animals; human
plasma membrane surface potential differences between Arabidopsis genotypes exposed to low-pH/Al treatment could have been linked to greater H + influx inhibition and enhanced H + efflux in the Al-sensitive mutants ( (ALS3, AT2G37330) and als5) compared with the wild type and the Al-tolerant alr104 mutant Arabidopsis thaliana
Al inhibition of Arabidopsis protein kinase (CIPK11, PKS5, SIP4, SNRK3.22, AT2G30360) inducing acidification of the external medium Arabidopsis thaliana
active transport of NH4+ across wax-covered zones D and E was found to occur in Nepenthes fusca pitchers Nepenthes fusca
Arabidopsis thaliana (AKT1, ATAKT1, KT1, AT2G26650) uptake of potassium (K+) is inhibited by increasing concentrations of ammonium (NH4+) Arabidopsis thaliana
CYCLIC-NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL 1 (ATCNGC1, CNGC1, AT5G53130) contains polymorphism affecting amino acids close to K+-pore of CYCLIC-NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL 1 (ATCNGC1, CNGC1, AT5G53130) Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATKT1, ATKT1P, ATKUP1, KT1, KUP1, AT2G30070) heterologous expression in yeast yielded different kinetic results compared with in planta studies Arabidopsis thaliana
apoplastic transpirational bypass flow of water and solutes plays a significant role in Na+ uptake in rice Oryza sativa
response to salt occurred before Na+ or Cl- entry into shoot Triticum turgidum
K+/H+ exchanger is very active in plant mitochondria
tip-focused plasma membrane H+ adenosine triphosphatase (PM H+-ATPase) might lead to extrusion of H+ from the tube tip Torenia fournieri
Nax1 (TmHKT1;4-A2) could unload Na+ from xylem of the root and leaf sheath Triticum turgidum
TmHKT1;4-A2 expression pattern in roots and leaf sheath was consistent with its proposed physiological role in removing Na+ from the xylem of the roots and leaf sheaths Triticum turgidum
Nax2 and Kna1 phenotype includes enhanced discrimination of K+ over Na+ in transport from roots to shoots Triticum turgidum; Triticum aestivum
high-affinity potassium (K+) transport mechanism in rice may have greater binding affinity for potassium (K+) Oryza sativa
ammonium (NH4+)-resistant potassium (K+) transport via channels may occur at lower external concentration in rice Oryza sativa
high external Na+ favours Na+ entry down the electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane
PutHKT2;1 shows K+-Na+ transport characteristics similar to PhaHKT2;1 Panicum tenuiflora; Phragmites australis
OsCHX11 has closest homologue in Arabidopsis as (ATCHX17, CHX17, AT4G23700) Oryza sativa; Arabidopsis thaliana
ozone can directly affect guard cells by inhibiting inward K+ channels Trifolium subterraneum
Magnesium/proton exchanger (FG498083) exchanges protons with Mg2+ and Zn2+ ions
no specific pattern of K + flux changes was observed in the MZ under low-pH or combined low-pH/Al stress Arabidopsis thaliana
rate of malate uptake was significantly greater in oocytes expressing HvALMT1 than in control oocytes at pH 4.5 Xenopus laevis
(ATCNGC1, CNGC1, AT5G53130) is known to be involved in metal uptake Arabidopsis thaliana
Nrat1 (Nramp aluminium transporter 1) is putative plasma membrane-localized Al transporter Oryza sativa
long- and short-term effects of salt stress on K+ fluxes from quinoa roots should be addressed in future experiments by comparing temporal dynamics of K+ efflux
FFAs can modulate mammalian mitochondrial K+ channel
plant mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (PmitoK ATP) activation under stress conditions may collapse electrical membrane potential (ΔΨ)
genes encoding Na+ efflux proteins have been detected mainly in Arabidopsis Arabidopsis thaliana
decreased root sodium ion concentrations despite no additional root growth may suggest indirect effects via membrane potential changes Solanum lycopersicum
OsHKT1;1 mediated low-affinity Na+ uptake in a transformed yeast system Oryza sativa
Na+ transport function of PutHKT2;1 is partially dependent on [Ca Ext+] Panicum tenuiflora
K m of Na+ -dependent H+ efflux in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum is 44–51 mM Na+ Mesembryanthemum crystallinum
plant ion channels are recorded from mitochondria
Al-induced decrease in H+ influx at the distal elongation zone (DEZ) is higher in (ALS3, AT2G37330) and als5 mutants Arabidopsis thaliana
K+ efflux at the distal elongation zone (DEZ) corresponds to changes in plasma membrane potential (Em) Arabidopsis thaliana
simultaneous action of HATS and LATS produces apparently (curvi-) linear relationships due to external concentration
CNBD mutant S73 (E519K) affects ion channel function
AmtB structure suggests discrimination of K+ against NH4+ in AMT homologues is due to de-protonation process
melon rootstock has nearly no Na exclusion sodium (Na) ion
H+-ATPase activation prevents further K+ leak from cytosol
SKC1 (OsHKT1;5) could unload Na+ from xylem of the root Oryza sativa
ammonium (NH4+) nutrition at low K+ concentrations reduces potassium (K+) influx Oryza sativa
more recent work suggests that K+ channels may mediate Na+ uptake in halophytes
tonoplast proton pumps generate proton-motive force
primary H+ pumps require co-action of other ion transporters
weak shifts of zero-current potential upon KCl addition confirmed that K+ transport through the two TdHKT1;4 transporters was very limited Xenopus laevis
slow-type (S-type) anion channels are present in Vicia faba guard cells Vicia faba
ES4 leads to opening of maize potassium channel KZM1 Zea mays
magnitudes of outward currents in oocytes bathed in malate, chloride, or MES were less dependent on external pH Xenopus laevis
electrical gradients have opposite effects on cations and anions
symplastic pathway is more prominent at low [Ca2+] medium Arabidopsis thaliana
organic anions malate and citrate participate in regulation of uptake of other ions
transporters mediate Mg 2+ efflux
efflux assay tested whether (ATMGT5, MGT5, MRS2-6, AT4G28580) mediates Mg2+ efflux under high Mg2+ conditions Salmonella
H + -ATPase decreased activity of H + influx under low-pH conditions Arabidopsis thaliana
positively charged plasma membrane surface would impede uptake of cations, including H + ions Arabidopsis thaliana
release of smaller amounts of citrate from Al-sensitive genotypes would diminish E m depolarization Arabidopsis thaliana
Al3+ treatment was absent from cells treated with La3+ Xenopus laevis
magnitudes of outward currents were dependent on anion in the bathing solution Xenopus laevis
(ATCNGC11, CNGC11, AT2G46440) /12:R557C is functional as Ca2+ ion channel
co-supplementing plants with K+ increases NH4+ influx Arabidopsis thaliana
growth depression of barley plants at high NH4+ was suggested to be due to futile cycling of NH4+ Hordeum vulgare
phenylvalerate stimulates depolarization induced by low KCl addition
glucose application had no effect on membrane potential of the plasma membrane of giant cells Impatiens balsamina
depolarized membranes inhibit secondary energy-dependent ion transport Triticum aestivum
vanadate is known blocker of plasma membrane H+-ATPase pump
barley seedlings at 0.1 mM [K+]ext with NH4+ show suppressed potassium (K+) influx Hordeum vulgare
ammonium (NH4+) stimulates low-affinity potassium (K+) influx Oryza sativa
barley seedlings under low K+ and high N conditions show ammonium (NH4+) suppression of shoot K+ transport by 90% Hordeum vulgare
Na+ transport function of OsHKT2;1 is independent of [Ca Ext+] Oryza sativa
mode of action of sorgoleone is suggested to involve inhibition of root H+-ATPase activity
malate efflux from oocytes was monitored after oocytes were injected with [14C]malate Xenopus laevis
highest H+ efflux is measured in presence of both NH4+ and K+ Arabidopsis thaliana
H+ efflux is reduced upon co-presence of TEA+ and Gd3+ Arabidopsis thaliana
excess NH4+ continuously provided from external medium could diffuse in form of uncharged NH3 along concentration gradient
ion transport across PMs often correlates poorly with ion activity in bulk-phase medium
stem exudate Na concentration in plants with melon rootstocks is similar to Na concentration in irrigation water Cucumis melo L.; Cucurbita maxima Duchesne; Cucurbita moschata Duchesne
Na+ was the most permeant cation Xenopus laevis
quinine sensitivity of TdHKT1;4-2 encourages further examination of quinine sensitivity within the HKT family
membrane-bound transporter protein facilitates NH4+ ion movement from cell to cell Oryza sativa
K+ channels are inhibited by human β-defensin 2
(ACD6, DEG16, AT4G14400) ion channel activity can be further enhanced by MHA1L Xenopus laevis; Homo sapiens
mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels mediate ion flux across the membrane
residual negative charges in cell walls may lead to accumulation of some ions Triticum aestivum
absence of alkalization is observed in Arabidopsis thaliana cells in previous studies Arabidopsis thaliana
decrease of plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity could be responsible for alkalization of the external medium Arabidopsis thaliana
IAA (indole acetic acid) is known to stimulate H+-ATPase activity
addition of 10 μM IAA in the presence of 10 μM TXT did not counteract alkalization Arabidopsis thaliana
K+ influx enhancement by NH4+ at 0.1 mM [K+]ext is only temporary when seedling transfer from 0.1 mM to higher [K+]ext Oryza sativa
transport properties of an HKT protein may not be solely determined by single residues
TaHKT2;1 (TaHKT1) mediates Na+ influx Triticum aestivum
OsHKT1;5 (SKC1) functions as Na+-selective transporter Oryza sativa
rapid depletion of mitochondrial Mg2+ activates latent Mg2+-sensitive ion-conducting pathways
La3+ pretreatment avoids TXT-induced plasma membrane depolarization Arabidopsis thaliana
OsHKT2;1 functions as Na+ selective uniporter Oryza sativa
sorgoleone can inhibit root H+-ATPase activity
tonoplast Na+/H+ antiporters are similar to Na+/H+ exchanger
long-chain free fatty acids (FFAs) activate latent Mg2+-sensitive ion-conducting pathways
direct Mg2+ withdrawal from protein-binding sites activates latent Mg2+-sensitive ion-conducting pathways
changes in the electrical driving force for ion transport across the PM influenced relative root elongation rate (RRER) Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.
plasma membrane H+ adenosine triphosphatase (PM H+-ATPase) moving with cytoplasmic streaming back from the tip would trigger excretion of H+ into the cell wall
K+ utilizing induced NH4+ transporter accounts for increased potassium (K+) flux under K+ LATS conditions Oryza sativa
root cytosolic K+ concentration shows high correlation with shoot potassium (K+) content Oryza sativa
OsHKT2;1 mediates Na+-uptake into K+-starved roots Oryza sativa