| capitula |
mimic |
solitary flowers |
|
| loss-of-function mutation in ERECTA |
results in |
compact and firm inflorescence appearance |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| spikelet density and number of branches |
showed statistically significant decrease associated with |
loss of one copy of (AtSIP1, RS1, SIP1, AT1G55740) in kn1 homozygotes |
Zea mays |
| OsROXY1 |
is expressed in |
young leaf primordia |
Oryza sativa |
| OsROXY2 signal |
is strongly detectable in |
middle of the main inflorescence |
Oryza sativa |
| (CLL2, EPFL4, AT4G14723) and (AtEPFL6, CHAL, EPFL6, AT2G30370) expressed in endodermis of inflorescence stems |
are perceived by ERECTA to induce |
cortex cell proliferation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsROXY2 |
is weakly detectable throughout |
primary branch primordia |
Oryza sativa |
| (SMAX1, AT5G57710) |
did not affect |
primary inflorescence height |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Mp (ATPIN1, PIN1, AT1G73590) |
can partially rescue |
At (ATPIN1, PIN1, AT1G73590) inflorescence phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Marchantia polymorpha |
| (CLL2, EPFL4, AT4G14723) (also called CHALLAH-LIKE2 ) |
is expressed in |
endodermis of inflorescence stems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Asteraceae |
possess |
capitula |
|
| (AtEPFL6, CHAL, EPFL6, AT2G30370) (also called CHALLAH) |
is expressed in |
endodermis of inflorescence stems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| At pin1-3 plants |
produce |
pin-like bare stems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ERECTA family members including ERECTA ERECTA-LIKE1 (ERL1, AT5G62230) and (ERL2, AT5G07180) |
have been extensively studied |
given the impact of the erecta ( er ) mutation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ribosomal protein mutants |
may have |
distinct developmental defects affecting inflorescence development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| kn1 single mutant |
has |
tassel phenotype |
Zea mays |
| OsROXY1 transcript |
accumulates at high levels in |
roots |
Oryza sativa |
| OsROXY2 |
is expressed in |
roots |
Oryza sativa |
| OsROXY1 transcript |
is detectable at lower levels in |
stems |
Oryza sativa |
| OsROXY2 |
is expressed in |
spikelets |
Oryza sativa |
| OsROXY1 transcript |
is detectable at lower levels in |
leaves |
Oryza sativa |
| overexpression of mutated VvGRF4 alleles |
resulted in |
longer inflorescences and pedicels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| primary branch primordia |
differentiate into |
secondary inflorescence branches and spikelets |
Oryza sativa |
| OsROXY1 |
is expressed in |
roots |
Oryza sativa |
| KN1 and (AtSIP1, RS1, SIP1, AT1G55740) |
are expressed at similar levels in |
tassel primordia |
Zea mays |
| secondary inflorescences |
are called |
spikelets |
Oryza sativa |
| osfdml1 mutants |
show statistically decreased |
numbers of secondary branches |
Oryza sativa |
| OsROXY1 |
is expressed in |
flag leaf primordia |
Oryza sativa |
| 35S:CLE7 transgenic plants |
shows |
pin-formed inflorescence shoots |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| both loose cluster clones (M171 and 1-86) |
show |
similar inflorescence phenotypes |
Vitis vinifera |
| OsMED14_1 knockdown plants |
show |
reduced panicle branching |
Oryza sativa |
| HvFT3 |
accelerates |
early inflorescence development |
Hordeum vulgare |
| Cluster architecture variability |
can be explained by |
rachis length, berry number, berry volume |
Vitis vinifera |
| osnam-1 mutant panicle |
indicates |
inflorescence meristem (IM) terminated early |
Oryza sativa |
| Increase in rachis length and pedicel length |
can be easily correlated with |
loose cluster phenotype |
Vitis vinifera |
| multi-flower phenotype exhibited by MtSUP mutants |
share similarities with |
mutants in chickpea and pea |
Medicago truncatula; Cicer arietinum; Pisum sativum |
| inflorescence genes |
affect |
lateral branch meristems |
|
| number of branches (meristems) |
defines |
final number of flowers |
|
| model incorporating multiple phenotypes |
included |
tassel branch number |
Zea mays |
| Latent bud |
contains |
shoot apical meristem, young leaves and two premature inflorescences |
Vitis vinifera |
| VvGRF4 mRNA in loose cluster clones (LCCs) |
was kept at high levels in |
stage 2 and stage 3 |
Vitis vinifera |
| osnam-1 mutant |
has |
significantly fewer lateral organs on primary branches |
Oryza sativa |
| 35S:CLE1 transgenic plants |
shows |
pin-formed inflorescence shoots |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| loose cluster architecture |
is correlated with |
elongated rachis |
Vitis vinifera |
| Stage 2 (when miR396 is moderately expressed) |
had mutated alleles and compact cluster allele equally represented |
heterozygous situation |
Vitis vinifera |
| FM develops from the axil of each bract |
results in |
no spike is generated, instead the I2 meristem terminates as a flower meristem |
Medicago truncatula |
| MtSUP |
seems to restrict |
MtPIM expression to FM |
Medicago truncatula |
| MtSUP |
controls |
number of flowers produced |
Medicago truncatula |
| osnam-1 mutant panicle |
has |
hardly any secondary branches |
Oryza sativa |
| SG-64 |
exhibits |
spreading panicle |
Oryza sativa |
| Spr3(t) |
is associated with |
spreading panicle |
Oryza sativa |
| Spr3(t) |
may be the same locus as |
Spr3 |
Oryza sativa |
| Spr3(t) |
may be the same locus as |
Spr3 |
Oryza sativa |
| increases in PBNP, SBNP, GNP, FGNP, UGNP, and GD |
did not lead to |
increase in grain yield per plant |
Oryza sativa |
| EVE1-overexpressing transgenic plants |
did not produce |
inflorescence stem |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FD |
regulates |
meristem maintenance |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (SHM1, SHMT1, STM, AT4G37930) |
functions with |
FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)–FD complex |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| a small proportion of ae4-1 rev-6 plants |
had day 4 inflorescence that generated |
very few flowers but many primordia |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mRNA pools of loose cluster clones |
contain predominantly |
mRNAs derived from mutated VvGRF4 alleles |
Vitis vinifera |
| OsMED14_1 knockdown |
produces pleiotropic effects such as |
reduced panicle branching |
Oryza sativa |
| Stage 1 inflorescence samples |
contained |
inflorescences from latent buds |
Vitis vinifera |
| (AtLHP1, LHP1, TFL2, AT5G17690) mutation |
causes |
formation of a terminating flower at the shoot apex |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pinot noir (PN) clones |
show variation in |
inflorescence architecture |
Vitis vinifera |
| inflorescence meristem (IM) |
remains |
open and fails to produce a terminal flower |
|
| botryoids |
form |
only first order flowers |
|
| maize RAMOSA pathway |
is regulated |
inflorescence branching |
Zea mays |
| variation in activity of central florigens |
alters |
inflorescence development and architecture |
|
| too weak or absent florigen signal during later stages |
results in |
extra spikelets displaying reduced fertility |
|
| low expression of Hd3a and RFT1 |
is accompanied by |
delay in early inflorescence development |
Oryza sativa |
| osnam-1 mutant panicle |
has |
significantly fewer primary branches than WT |
Oryza sativa |
| differential effects on apical meristem versus lateral branch meristems |
permits |
morphological differentiation |
|
| branch meristems (BM) |
produces |
spikelet pair meristems (SPM) |
Zea mays; Sorghum bicolor |
| paired spikelets in wheat |
are reminiscent of |
spikelet pairs in maize |
Triticum aestivum; Zea mays |
| invasion of MtPIM to I2 |
is produced in |
mtsup-1 apices |
Medicago truncatula |
| spikelet meristems (SM) |
form |
one floret |
Hordeum vulgare |
| OsROXY1 |
is expressed in |
leaves |
Oryza sativa |
| I2 meristems in mtsup-1 |
produce |
spike instead of flower |
Medicago truncatula |
| genetic control of inflorescence architecture in grasses |
has been linked to |
reproductive success |
|
| functional alleles of (ATHD1, ATHDA19, HD1, HDA1, HDA19, HDAC19, RPD3A, AT4G38130) (HEADING DATE 1) and (ATEHD1, EHD1, AT3G20290) (EARLY ) that express Hd3a and RFT highly |
reduce |
primary branching and spikelet number on rice panicles |
Oryza sativa |
| TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 |
antagonises |
FT1-dependent activation of spikelet meristem identity genes |
|
| Wuyujing-7 control |
produces |
compact panicle at caryopsis ripening stage |
Oryza sativa |
| negative effectors of growth |
influence |
inflorescence architecture |
|
| florigens |
influence |
branch/spikelet architecture |
|
| modulating the expression of flowering-time genes |
can modify |
progression of inflorescence development |
|
| increased dosage of TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 |
promotes |
formation of paired spikelets in wheat |
Triticum aestivum |
| orthologue of SUP in eudicots |
has novel function in |
I2 meristem determinacy |
|
| meristem activity during early ontogeny |
indicates involvement of |
highly similar processes at distinct hierarchical levels |
|
| cephalioids |
have |
main axis lacking elongation |
|
| MtPI expression |
expanded towards |
indeterminate I2 meristem |
Medicago truncatula |
| I2 meristems |
lose vegetative nature and acquire |
floral identity |
Medicago truncatula |
| FT2 |
influences |
branch number |
|
| missense FT-A2 allele |
significantly increased |
spikelet number |
durum wheat |
| PENNYWISE (BLH9, BLR, HB-6, LSN, PNY, RPL, VAN, AT5G02030) and POUND-FOOLISH (BLH8, PNF, AT2G27990) |
are essential for |
specification of axillary meristems (AMs) during inflorescence development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| secondary inflorescence specification |
differs between |
pea and Arabidopsis |
Pisum sativum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Medicago truncatula SUPERMAN (MtSUP) |
regulates |
activity of secondary inflorescence meristem |
Medicago truncatula |
| syncephalia |
have development that |
recapitulates that of a capitulum, except heads replace single flowers on receptacle |
|
| (AtCYP71, CYP71, AT3G44600) mutant |
affects |
inflorescence development |
|
| (AtCYP71, CYP71, AT3G44600) and (AtLHP1, LHP1, TFL2, AT5G17690) |
have synergistic functions in regulating |
inflorescence architecture |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Main inflorescence length |
was compared between |
heterozygous plants and null segregants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MtFULc transcript |
occupies wider area in |
mtsup-1 than in wild type |
Medicago truncatula |
| wheat and barley plants expressing null alleles of APETALA1 (AGL7, AP1, AtAP1, AT1G69120) -like genes including VERNALIZATION 1 (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) |
form |
longer inflorescences with more spikelets |
Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare |
| MtSUP |
is controlling |
activity of I2 meristems |
Medicago truncatula |
| conventional inflorescence meristems (IM) |
elongate and develop |
lateral flower meristems (FMs) |
|
| Eps-A m 1 locus |
showed the most significant F values and P values for |
number of spikelets per spike |
|
| MtSUP and MtWUS expression patterns |
show spatial overlap in |
I2 and FM |
Medicago truncatula |
| wheat plants that over-express (ATFT1, ATFUT1, FT1, FUT1, MUR2, AT2G03220) |
flower while regenerating from callus and bear |
rudimentary inflorescences with few infertile spikelets |
Triticum aestivum |
| spatial and temporal expression pattern of SUP-like genes |
could be correlated with |
differences in inflorescence architecture among plant species |
|
| MtFRUITFULLc (MtFULc) |
is |
inflorescence marker |
Medicago truncatula |
| Menyanthaceae |
develop |
branched inflorescences with racemose branching pattern on main axis |
|
| florigen-dependent pathway |
influences |
inflorescence architecture |
|
| FT-LIKE 1 (FT-L1) and PANICLE PHYTOMER2 (IAA27, PAP2, AT4G29080) |
perform similar roles in |
rice inflorescence development |
Oryza sativa |
| increased dosage of TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 |
delays |
specific stages of inflorescence development |
Triticum aestivum |
| wild-type inflorescence development |
follows |
acropetal succession |
Medicago truncatula |
| sparse inflorescence1 (spi1) gene |
is associated with |
reduced number of branches and spikelets in inflorescence |
Zea mays |
| knockout alleles of an1 |
have been shown to reduce or abolish |
tassel branching |
Zea mays |
| Stage 3 (when miR396 is highly expressed) |
had mRNA pools dominated by |
VvGRF4-m1 and VvGRF4-m2 forms |
Vitis vinifera |
| defect in branch meristem initiation |
leads to |
development of fewer branches |
Zea mays |
| NIL(Spr3) |
produces |
spreading panicle at caryopsis ripening stage |
Oryza sativa |
| eve1-D plants |
failed to produce |
axillary and lateral inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MADS-box transcription factors that control I2 and FM identity |
are repressed in |
MtSUP mutants |
Medicago truncatula |
| Arabidopsis |
exhibits |
racemose branching pattern |
|
| activity of I2 meristems |
defines |
number of flowers produced |
Medicago truncatula |
| genetic networks established between meristem identity genes during inflorescence development |
share significant similarities between |
eudicot species Arabidopsis and M. truncatula |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Medicago truncatula |
| RA1 |
promotes |
meristematic determinacy in inflorescence |
Zea mays |
| Triticeae COMPOSITUM pathway |
is regulated |
spike architecture |
Triticum aestivum |
| inflorescence meristem (IM) |
elongates |
inflorescence meristem structure |
|
| spikelet meristems (SM) |
form |
multiple florets |
Triticum aestivum |
| missense allele of CO-like5 (ATCOL5, BBX6, COL5, AT5G57660) |
produces more |
spikelets |
wheat |
| (AtbZIP, bZIP, AT1G68880) transcription factor bZIPC1 |
increases |
spikelet number |
wheat |
| Wuyujing-7 |
exhibits |
erect compact panicle |
Oryza sativa |
| chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) SG-64 |
shows |
spreading panicle phenotype |
Oryza sativa |
| formation of spreading panicle |
is accompanied by decrease in |
100-grain weight |
Oryza sativa |
| eve1-D mutant |
could not generate |
axillary and lateral inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| outgrowth (exsertion) direction of primary branches during inflorescence development |
is |
important factor influencing inflorescence structure |
Oryza sativa |
| NIL(Spr3) |
exhibits |
spreading panicle with primary branches nearly perpendicular to inflorescence rachis |
Oryza sativa |
| eve1-D plants |
did not display |
axillary or lateral inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MtSUP |
might control |
balance of cell proliferation in I2 |
Medicago truncatula |
| transcriptional differences of MtSUP orthologues |
could correlate with |
higher levels of inflorescence complexity |
|
| capitula |
may occupy |
flower positions in branched inflorescences |
|
| flowering genes |
perform |
enduring role during inflorescence development |
|
| delayed progression between double-ridge and lemma primordium stages |
facilitates |
formation of more spikelets |
Triticum aestivum |
| in situ hybridization experiments |
provides data for |
detailed, solid understanding of inflorescence development |
Petunia hybrida |
| (EVE1, AT4G03350) |
may regulate growth during |
inflorescence stem development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ramosa 1 (ra1) mutant |
exhibits |
increased number of long primary branches |
Zea mays |
| mutation in specific regulatory gene functioning in inflorescence development pathways |
leads to |
changes in the length of primary branches or panicle |
Oryza sativa; Zea mays |
| spreading panicle of NIL(Spr3) |
contains |
several basipetal primary branches formed in a cluster |
Oryza sativa |
| detailed description of inflorescence development in petunia |
is used to discuss and clear up |
persistent confusion and controversy concerning classification of inflorescence architectures |
Petunia hybrida |
| some ae4-1 rev-6 double mutant plants |
were arrested after |
producing one or several flowers |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plants with racemose type of inflorescence |
have bracts that |
replace vegetative leaves |
|
| MtPIM expression |
similarly expands towards |
indeterminate I2 meristem |
Medicago truncatula |
| number of fractionation steps |
may vary |
development of compound heads |
|
| Helianthus annuus |
develops |
racemose main axis that terminates into a radiate head |
Helianthus annuus |
| I2 meristem in MtSUP mutants |
terminates in |
flower instead of spike |
Medicago truncatula |
| Goodeniaceae |
develop |
branched inflorescences with racemose branching pattern on main axis and cymose pattern on basal lateral branches |
|
| rice genotypes expressing Hd3a and RFT1 at higher levels |
produce |
fewer spikelets per panicle |
Oryza sativa |
| wheat and barley plants expressing null alleles of FLOWERING LOCUS T2 (FT2) |
form |
longer inflorescences with more spikelets |
Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare |
| strong alleles of FT-like12 (FTL12) |
promote |
formation of dense and highly branched inflorescences |
Oryza sativa; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays |
| ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION 1 (APO1) |
is |
temporal regulator of meristem identity |
Oryza sativa |
| '10_11' shoot apical meristem (SAM) |
progressed to |
stamen primordium stage |
|
| spreading panicle |
is accompanied by |
undesirable traits |
Oryza sativa; Oryza glaberrima |
| barren inflorescence2 (bif2) |
plays a key role in |
lateral primordia initiation |
Zea mays |
| (APO1, AT1G64810) mutant |
exhibits |
abnormal panicle phyllotaxy (distichous phyllotaxy) |
Oryza sativa |
| NIL(Spr3) in Wuyujing-7 genetic background |
shows increased |
FGNP |
Oryza sativa |
| maintenance of putative stem-cells in the central zone (CZ) of the inflorescence meristem (IM) |
results in |
open inflorescences |
|
| weak Ppd-1 alleles |
facilitate |
development of paired spikelets |
Triticum aestivum |
| overexpression of FT |
causes |
determinate inflorescence structure |
|
| pANT::TFL1 transgenic line |
increased |
number of cauline leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pAP1:: (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) transgenic line in background |
did not restore cauline leaf numbers to |
wild-type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| eudicot species |
show different inflorescence architectures according to |
complexity of branching |
|
| MtSUP |
participates in process by which |
I2 meristems acquire determinate fate |
Medicago truncatula |
| rice genotypes with low expression of Hd3a and RFT1 |
produce |
more spikelets per panicle |
Oryza sativa |
| genes that act downstream to control branch and spikelet development |
could be targeted to boost |
floret number |
|
| manipulation of the flowering pathway |
provides a means to generate |
more elaborately branched cereal inflorescences |
cereal crops |
| rice inflorescence architecture |
depends primarily on |
number of rachis-branches |
Oryza sativa |
| ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION 1 (APO1) |
plays a role in preventing |
precocious conversion of inflorescence meristems to spikelet meristems |
Oryza sativa |
| NIL(Spr3) in Wuyujing-7 genetic background |
shows increased |
UGNP |
Oryza sativa |
| 'Karl' SAM development |
is at triple mound stage at 35 d while |
'10_11' SAM development is at stamen primordium stage |
Hordeum vulgare |
| floral transition and development to 'triple mound' stage |
occurred simultaneously in |
'Karl' and '10_11' shoot apical meristem (SAM) |
|
| Ionopsidium acaule |
showed abundant expression of |
(LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) mRNA and protein in inflorescence meristem |
Ionopsidium acaule |
| AGAMOUS-LIKE 24 (AGL24, AT4G24540) –SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONTANS1 (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) complex |
up-regulates |
flower meristem identity genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ft-2 stm-10 double mutant |
produced |
Class I inflorescence phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| modelling |
is a helpful aid to follow |
consequences of meristem decisions for inflorescence development |
|
| primary inflorescences of rev-6 single mutant plants |
usually produced |
several branches |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (KAT2, AT4G18290) (KAT5, PKT1, PKT2, AT5G48880) double mutant phenotypes |
are strikingly similar to |
(AIM1, AT4G29010) phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pAP1:: (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) transgenic line in background |
had significantly increased cauline leaf numbers in strongest lines compared with |
(TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Spr3 |
is |
unknown genetic factor in controlling the outspreading of the primary branches in rice inflorescence |
Oryza sativa; Oryza glaberrima |
| truncation of inflorescences |
may have had |
common ontogenetic pathway |
|
| modulating the expression of flowering-time genes |
provides opportunity to change |
number and arrangement of grain-producing florets |
|
| weak flowering signal |
facilitates production of |
extra branches or spikelets |
|
| small panicles |
formed |
few primary branches and spikelets |
Oryza sativa |
| mutation in specific regulatory gene functioning in inflorescence development pathways |
leads to |
alteration of the inflorescence architecture |
Oryza sativa; Zea mays |
| inflorescence initiation at the SAM |
occurs between 15 d and 21 d after planting in both |
'Karl' and '10_11' |
Hordeum vulgare |
| wild-type plants |
displayed |
inflorescence meristem (IM), flowers, axillary shoot apical meristems (SAMs), and floral meristems (FMs) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OCL1 overexpression line K3 |
had |
shorter and more upright lateral branches with aborted flowers |
Zea mays |
| rice ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION pathway |
underlies |
inflorescence type |
Oryza sativa |
| Triticeae COMPOSITUM pathway |
underlies |
inflorescence type |
Triticum aestivum |
| spikelet meristem (SM) |
forms |
floret meristem (FM) |
Oryza sativa |
| reduced (ATFT1, ATFUT1, FT1, FUT1, MUR2, AT2G03220) expression |
decelerates |
inflorescence meristem (IM) development |
Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare |
| Brachypodium spikelets |
often have |
awned lemmas |
Brachypodium distachyon |
| spikelet of wheat |
is |
regular arrangement of five florets |
Triticum aestivum |
| P3 plants |
produce |
numerous shortened inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| production of far fewer secondary branches on the panicles |
is undesirable trait in |
Oryza glaberrima Steud. |
Oryza glaberrima |
| common ontogenetic pathway for truncation |
would require |
every open inflorescence sharing common structure |
|
| OCL1 overexpression line K6 |
had |
shorter and more upright lateral branches with aborted flowers |
Zea mays |
| female stage of skunk cabbage inflorescence |
is characterized by |
petals open slightly and stigmas become exserted |
Symplocarpus foetidus; Symplocarpus renifolius |
| NIL(Spr3) in Wuyujing-7 genetic background |
shows increased |
SBNP |
Oryza sativa |
| (BP, BP1, KNAT1, AT4G08150) loss-of-function mutation |
results in |
reduced floral internodes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Brachypodium inflorescence |
matures |
basipetal maturation |
Brachypodium distachyon |
| FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)–FD complex |
up-regulates |
flower meristem identity genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ectopic FT |
can induce |
AM formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| inflorescence structure in tomato |
remains unchanged in |
self pruning mutants |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| inflorescence genes |
affect |
apical meristem of the inflorescence |
|
| genetic control of inflorescence architecture in grasses |
might present process to improve |
seed yield in cereal crops |
|
| strong alleles of TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) CENTRORADIALIS (CN) |
promote |
formation of dense and highly branched inflorescences |
Oryza sativa; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays |
| lack of internode elongation |
is analogous to |
compressed inflorescence axis in Ionopsidium acaule |
Ionopsidium acaule |
| AGAMOUS-LIKE 24 (AGL24, AT4G24540) –SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONTANS1 (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) complex |
functions with |
SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (SHM1, SHMT1, STM, AT4G37930) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rpn9a-1 rev-6 inflorescences |
also produced |
filamentous structures |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NILs carrying early and late alleles at Eps-A m 1 locus |
showed highly significant differences in |
number of spikelets per spike |
|
| MtSUP |
has role in |
secondary inflorescence meristem and common primordia determinacy |
Medicago truncatula |
| Overexpression of (Plsp2B, TPP, AT2G30440) |
resulted in |
less branched inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ramosa3 mutant of Zea mays |
has |
excessive branching |
Zea mays |
| RAMOSA 2 (Ra2) mutant |
exhibits |
increased number of long primary branches |
Zea mays |
| cyme of petunia |
is |
distinct body plan compared with racemes of Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum |
Petunia hybrida; Arabidopsis thaliana; Antirrhinum |
| eve1-D plants |
did not generate |
primary inflorescence |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OCL1 overexpression |
affects |
timing of ear and tassel initiation |
Zea mays |
| introgression line harboring the cultivated allele of LIGULELESS1 (OsLG1) |
exhibits |
long awns, especially on lower florets |
Oryza rufipogon |
| (BP, BP1, KNAT1, AT4G08150) |
plays a key role in |
development of the inflorescence stem |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| VatpC alleles |
show non-significant differences in |
spikelet number |
|
| nullisomic-tetrasomic lines lacking chromosome 1B |
showed non-significant differences in |
number of spikelets per spike |
|
| TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) and CENTRORADIALIS (CEN) |
control |
inflorescence architecture |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Antirrhinum majus |
| thermogenesis |
might be required for |
efficient development of reproductive organs |
Symplocarpus foetidus; Symplocarpus renifolius |
| SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (SHM1, SHMT1, STM, AT4G37930) |
combined activities required for specification of |
coflorescence meristems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 35S:FT inflorescences |
produced |
floral nodes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| differences in expression patterns |
may account for |
different types of inflorescence architectures |
Solanaceae |
| FZP mutation |
results in |
formation of axillary meristems in rudimentary glume axils |
Oryza sativa |
| spreading panicle of NIL(Spr3) |
is formed in |
late panicle development |
Oryza sativa |
| carbon content of inflorescence/bunch |
increased slowly between stages 53 and 57 then |
stabilized |
Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay |
| strong ectopic transcriptomic activity at LP stage |
contributes to |
formation of extra spikelets in flo.a |
Hordeum vulgare |
| wheat PHOTOPERIOD-1 |
controls |
initiation of additional spikelets |
Triticum aestivum |
| bisexual stage of skunk cabbage inflorescence |
is characterized by |
stamens at the base of each stigma start emerging from the surface of the spadix |
Symplocarpus foetidus; Symplocarpus renifolius |
| temperature and Eps-Am1 alleles interaction |
does not affect |
spikelet number |
Triticum monococcum |
| capitulum inflorescence |
undergoes profound changes in |
SAM development |
Helianthus annuus |
| ALOG transcription factors |
have regulatory signaling roles during |
development of reproductive meristems in cereal inflorescences |
Hordeum vulgare L. |
| three separate SMs |
differentiate into |
individual spikelets |
Hordeum vulgare |
| extra spikelets in flo.a |
formed on |
abaxial side of CS at rachis node |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) |
is not expressed in |
indeterminate inflorescence apex |
Arabidopsis |
| ft-2 stm-10 and fd-3 stm-10 double mutants |
produced |
Class III umbrella phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| meristem decisions on flower and shoot production |
specify |
inflorescence development |
|
| Brachypodium spikelets |
contain |
several diminished and underdeveloped florets at the apex |
Brachypodium distachyon |
| stm-10 mutant |
produced |
cauline leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| increasing the level of extensins |
results in |
obviously shorter inflorescences |
Arabidopsis |
| thermogenesis |
is weak at |
bisexual stage |
|
| heat production |
is virtually undetectable at |
immature or male stages |
|
| ae4-2 rev-6 plants |
occasionally produced |
inflorescence that only contained filamentous structures |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| J (JOINTLESS) loss-of-function mutant |
results in |
loss of inflorescence determinacy |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| shoots with terminal flowers |
undergo profound changes in |
SAM development |
Datura stramonium |
| recessive mutations in (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) and CEN |
result in |
conversion of indeterminate shoot into determinate flower |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Antirrhinum majus |
| immature stage of skunk cabbage inflorescence |
is characterized by |
inflorescence just emerging and heat production has not occurred yet |
Symplocarpus foetidus; Symplocarpus renifolius |
| total mass of the spadix |
increases progressively during |
inflorescence development |
|
| first inflorescence phase |
involves making |
cauline leaves with secondary shoots in their axils on an elongated stem |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pLFY:: (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) transgenic line in background |
had cauline leaf numbers similar to |
wild-type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| thermogenesis in skunk cabbage |
is closely associated with |
stages of inflorescence development |
|
| pith |
increases its mass progressively during |
inflorescence development |
|
| pANT:: (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) transgenic line in background |
had cauline leaf numbers similar to |
wild-type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (SHM1, SHMT1, STM, AT4G37930) |
up-regulates |
flower meristem identity genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| primary inflorescences of wild-type plants |
usually produced |
several branches |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| JOINTLESS |
suppresses |
sympodial identity in inflorescence meristems |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| inflorescence generation |
involves dramatic alterations between |
vegetative and reproductive stages within apical meristems |
|
| (SKU6, SPR1, AT2G03680) |
confers |
spreading panicle phenotype |
Oryza sativa |
| florigen expressed at normal or strong levels |
results in |
timely branch or spikelet formation |
|
| milder and delayed (ATFT1, ATFUT1, FT1, FUT1, MUR2, AT2G03220) expression |
causes |
longer inflorescences bearing more spikelets |
Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare |
| rice plants that over-express (ATFT1, ATFUT1, FT1, FUT1, MUR2, AT2G03220) |
flower while regenerating from callus and bear |
rudimentary inflorescences with few infertile spikelets |
Oryza sativa |
| processes that act downstream of florigens |
control |
inflorescence development |
|
| RA1 |
acts downstream of |
ra2 |
Zea mays |
| (EVE1, AT4G03350) |
controls |
inflorescence stem development related to APETALA 1 (AGL7, AP1, AtAP1, AT1G69120) and APETALA 2 (AP2, AtAP2, FL1, FLO2, AT4G36920) regulation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (SHM1, SHMT1, STM, AT4G37930) |
combined activities required for specification of |
flower meristems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| spatial constraints at the inflorescence meristem (IM) |
could play a role at the time when |
terminal flower production determination |
|
| SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (SHM1, SHMT1, STM, AT4G37930) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)–FD complex |
are required for |
specification of floral meristems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FT and FD |
function with STM to maintain |
meristem integrity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RAMOSA3 (RA3) gene |
controls |
inflorescence architecture |
Zea mays |
| massive heat production in spadices |
occurs only during |
female stage |
|
| rice OsPTB1 and OsPTB2 |
regulate |
panicle development |
Oryza sativa |
| repeated touch stimulation of Arabidopsis seedlings |
causes |
short inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| loss of HvALOG1 |
might be compensated for by |
other ALOG proteins in more basal spike parts |
Hordeum vulgare |
| ft-2 stm-10 Class I inflorescences |
produced |
cauline leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cortex cell proliferation induced by (CLL2, EPFL4, AT4G14723) and (AtEPFL6, CHAL, EPFL6, AT2G30370) |
promotes |
inflorescence growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsMADS34 expression in emf2b mutants |
occurs in |
stages In7 to SP8 |
Oryza sativa |
| cl7(t) mutant |
has altered morphology of |
panicle |
Oryza sativa |
| ant-4 ail6-2/+ ail7-1 plants |
show |
several inflorescence meristem defects |
|
| fd-3 stm-10 double mutant |
produced |
Class I inflorescence phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| petunia PFG |
plays crucial role in |
transition from vegetative growth to inflorescence identity |
Petunia hybrida |
| barley ALOG1 (HvALOG1) |
predominantly governs |
floral organ development |
Hordeum vulgare L. |
| spike development |
results in emergence of |
new SMs |
Hordeum vulgare |
| defects in flo.a |
omit |
basal section |
Hordeum vulgare |
| HvALOG1 |
plays |
dominant role in specifying SM determinacy and maintaining boundary formation |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (ATGPAT4, GPAT4, AT1G01610) RNAi lines |
exhibit |
abnormal inflorescence development |
Brassica napus |
| triple SM (TSM) |
originates from |
upper axillary spikelet primordium of double ridge |
Hordeum vulgare |
| DEGs in group C4 |
were enriched with functions related to |
shoot system development, plant organ formation, floral whorl development, auxin homeostasis |
Hordeum vulgare |
| mutations in HvALOG1 |
result in production of |
extra spikelets sharing the same rachis node with regular spikelet triplet |
Hordeum vulgare |
| shoot apical meristem (SAM) maturation |
determines |
compound inflorescence production |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| production of extra spikelets |
is controlled by |
multiple genes |
|
| HvALOG1 |
plays a crucial role in maintaining |
inflorescence architecture in barley |
Hordeum vulgare |
| pLFY::TFL1 transgenic line |
increased |
number of cauline leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| aqcfl1 plants |
exhibited |
shorter central inflorescences with fewer nodes and flowers |
Aquilegia coerulea |
| reduced SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) function |
ectopic FT and FD promote formation of |
axillary meristems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| temperature and Eps-A m 1 alleles |
show non-significant interaction for |
spikelet number |
|
| RAMOSA3 isoform of (Plsp2B, TPP, AT2G30440) |
loss of leads to |
abnormal inflorescence branching |
Zea mays |
| Overexpression of TPS |
gave rise to |
highly branched inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsROXY1 |
is strongly expressed in |
tips of primary branch primordia |
Oryza sativa |
| barley ALOG1 (HvALOG1) |
exhibits |
boundary-specific expression pattern |
Hordeum vulgare L. |
| DEFORMED ROOTS AND LEAVES1 (DRL1, TKPR1, AT4G35420) mutant |
cause |
disorganized inflorescence growth |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtMYB62, BW62B, BW62C, MYB62, AT1G68320) overexpressing plants |
show bolting delayed by almost 3 weeks relative to |
wild-type plants |
|
| rice inflorescence |
comprises |
secondary inflorescences |
Oryza sativa |
| ft-10 tsf-1 double mutant |
phenocopies |
35S::TFL1 plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 35S::TFL1 plants |
shows |
I1* phase |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tfl1-20 mutant |
produces |
approximately four solitary flowers before terminal flower formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| hyper-vegetative shoot |
is observed in |
TFL1-overexpressing plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TAWAWA1 (TAW1) gain-of-function mutant |
exhibits |
prolonged florescence meristem activity |
Oryza sativa |
| RICE CENTRORADIALIS 2 (RCN2) overexpression |
exhibits |
denser-panicled phenotype |
Oryza sativa |
| spikelet meristems (SMs) |
develop into |
spikelets |
Triticum ssp.; Hordeum vulgare L. |
| 1,326 and 973 genes differentially expressed between LP-basal and AP-basal |
indicates |
HvALOG1 may also participate in other pathways regulating spike development |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (OSH1, AT5G01580) mutant regenerated from callus |
exhibits |
inflorescence defect |
Oryza sativa |
| serk1-1 −/− /serk2-1 −/+ /bak1-5 −/− mutant |
phenocopies |
er105 mutant in pedicel length |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| recessive alleles of barley ALOG1 (HvALOG1) |
produce |
non-canonical extra spikelets |
Hordeum vulgare L. |
| wheat FLOWERING LOCUS T1 |
controls |
initiation of additional spikelets |
Triticum aestivum |
| halted TSM differentiation in double knockouts |
resulted in loss of ability to |
produce spikelets |
Hordeum vulgare |
| Aquilegia coerulea 'Origami' |
produces |
one or occasionally two main inflorescence axes |
Aquilegia coerulea |
| double knockouts alog1 CR/alog2 CR |
had development of upper glume of LSs inhibited |
|
Hordeum vulgare |
| genetic modifications of canonical spikelet arrangements |
lead to formation of |
non-canonical extra spikelets per rachis node |
Triticum ssp.; Hordeum vulgare L. |
| extra floret-a (flo.a) mutant |
produced |
extra spikelets |
Hordeum vulgare L. |
| barley ALOG protein family |
might work synergistically to |
regulate inflorescence shape |
Hordeum vulgare |
| positional effect of mutant phenotypes along spike |
emphasizes |
unequal spatiotemporal redundancies among ALOG members |
Hordeum vulgare |
| clusters C4 and C6 |
showed |
specific differential expression patterns in upper middle and base parts of spikes at LP stage |
Hordeum vulgare |
| ALOG family members in tomato |
have been shown to act synergistically in |
precisely control SAM maturation, synchronized flowering, compound inflorescence production |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| TfUFO-overexpressing torenias |
did not show change in |
inflorescence architecture |
Torenia |
| TfUFO activity |
is necessary but insufficient for |
termination of inflorescence |
Torenia |
| new SMs |
align until spike reaches |
maximum spikelet count |
Hordeum vulgare |
| ALOG-1 influenced by PHOTOPERIOD-1 |
is expressed in |
developing inflorescence |
Triticum aestivum |
| Virus-induced gene silencing of AqcFL1 loci |
results in plants with |
shorter inflorescences with fewer flowers |
Aquilegia coerulea |
| miR172-targeted suppression of SUPERNUMERARY BRACT (SNB), OsINDETERMINATE SPIKELET 1 (OsIDS1) and OsTOE1 |
decreases |
number of branches and spikelets |
Oryza sativa |
| post-transcriptional manipulation of protein turnover |
plays an important role in |
controlling inflorescence branching |
Oryza sativa |
| ft-10 tsf-1 double mutant |
shows |
aerial rosette-like structures |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| presence of (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) |
is important for |
generation of normal inflorescence |
|
| inflorescence transition meristem size |
is altered in |
Zmfcp1 Zmcle7 double mutant |
Zea mays |
| presence or absence of the awn |
greatly affects |
apparent architecture of grass inflorescences |
|
| Brachypodium spikelets |
are highly variable for |
number of fertile florets that develop (4–20) |
Brachypodium distachyon |
| FT |
plays a role in |
coflorescence specification |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| P4 plants |
differ in |
height of inflorescence |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| presence of extra spikelets |
affects |
connection of developing organs to rachis node |
Hordeum vulgare |
| findings on ALOG function in inflorescence development |
may contribute to understanding of |
molecular mechanisms underlying inflorescence development |
|
| barley ALOG1 (HvALOG1) |
predominantly governs |
meristem maintenance |
Hordeum vulgare L. |
| inflorescence meristem (IM) activity duration |
is primary factor defining |
inflorescence architecture |
|
| spatial arrangement of meristems |
is primary factor defining |
inflorescence architecture |
|
| barley |
has spikelet triplets originating from |
same rachis node |
Hordeum vulgare L. |
| nine flo-like mutants from different genetic backgrounds |
display |
extra spikelets in upper-mid part of spike |
Hordeum vulgare |
| all reproductive meristems (IM, TSM, SM, FM) |
were devoid of |
HvALOG1 signals |
Hordeum vulgare |
| miR172-targeted suppression of SUPERNUMERARY BRACT (SNB), OsINDETERMINATE SPIKELET 1 (OsIDS1) and OsTOE1 |
further delays |
transition to floral meristem |
Oryza sativa |
| serk1-1 −/− /serk2-1 −/+ /bak1-5 −/− mutant |
phenocopies |
er105 mutant in inflorescence architecture |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| triple SM (TSM) |
bifurcates into |
three separate SMs |
Hordeum vulgare |
| unequal spatiotemporal redundancies among ALOG members |
regulate |
spikelet development |
Hordeum vulgare |
| differentiation in the individual tissues and their intracellular structure during inflorescence development of skunk cabbage |
is examined in detail |
in this work |
Symplocarpus foetidus; Symplocarpus renifolius |
| connection of developing organs to rachis node |
affects |
development of CSs |
Hordeum vulgare |
| limited space at nodal complex |
constrains |
complete development of spikelet quartets |
Hordeum vulgare |
| transcriptomes of BW and flo.a samples |
were separated at |
LP and AP stages |
Hordeum vulgare |
| Hvalog2 single knockout transgenic plants (ALOG1/alog2 CR) |
had spike and spikelet phenotypes |
not significantly altered compared to null transgenic control lines |
Hordeum vulgare |
| VvGRF4 |
is upregulated in |
loose cluster clones |
Vitis vinifera |
| VvGRF4 mutated variants expression |
promotes |
pedicel elongation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| clustered inflorescences in serk1-1 −/− /serk2-1 −/+ /bak1-5 −/− and er105 mutants |
are associated with |
shortened pedicels of these mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| capitula |
are aggregates of |
multiple florets |
|
| cell elongation |
had ceased in |
inflorescences of 8-week-old plants (8WAI) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsROXY1 |
is expressed in |
inflorescence meristem |
Oryza sativa |
| Ghd8 |
is highly expressed in |
inflorescence meristem |
|
| osnam-1 /+ oscuc3-1 double mutant |
has |
normal panicle architecture |
Oryza sativa |
| (EEP1, MIR164, MIR164C, AT5G27807) (ANAC098, ATCUC2, CUC2, AT5G53950) module |
is also considered to influence |
cell elongation in internodes during inflorescence development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| homozygous mutant plants having alleles that removed portions of peak-3 alone (e.g., slwox9 pro-Reg2-5) or in combination with peak-2 (e.g., slwox9 pro-Reg2-4) |
were not more severely branched than |
plants with alleles that partially or completely removed peak-2 |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| pLFY::WOX9-RNAi transgenic lines |
produce |
ectopic flowers |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| development from apical meristems |
results in |
racemes |
|
| inflorescence meristem (IM) |
develops in different ways depending on |
species |
|
| DOT expression |
overlaps with |
ALF expression |
|
| EVG |
promotes |
DOT expression |
|
| genetic interaction between MADS-box genes and (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) |
is conserved for determining |
inflorescence architecture in flowering plants |
|
| interaction between AqcFL1A and AqcAGL24.1 |
is consistent with |
phenotype in aqcfl1 plants |
Aquilegia |
| HA–TWD1-Ct |
shows |
more equal distribution of inflorescence lengths at nodes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SWR1-mediated incorporation of (H2A.Z, HTA11, AT3G54560) histone variant |
regulates |
inflorescence architecture |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| five Arabidopsis long-PIN paralogs |
are required for |
patterning inflorescence primordia |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| barley ALOG family members |
synergistically modulate |
inflorescence morphology |
Hordeum vulgare L. |
| defects in flo.a |
are restricted to |
upper-middle section of spike |
Hordeum vulgare |
| CS glumes transformed into organs with varying degrees of development |
ranged from |
leaf-like state to complete florets featuring lemma, palea, stamens, ovary |
Hordeum vulgare |
| wheat DUO-B1 |
controls |
initiation of additional spikelets |
Triticum aestivum |
| loss of one copy of (AtSIP1, RS1, SIP1, AT1G55740) |
reduced |
tassel branches further in kn1 homozygotes |
Zea mays |
| At pin1-4 plants |
produce |
pin-like bare stems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| miR164-mediated cleavage of (ANAC098, ATCUC2, CUC2, AT5G53950) transcripts in internode cells |
enables |
rapid growth of the internode at later stages of inflorescence development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transgenic ZCN4 OE plants |
produce |
bushy tassel with increased branches and spikelet density |
Zea mays |
| EVERGREEN (EVG) |
is fully redundant in |
exp or her mutant background |
Petunia hybrida |
| AP1-like genes in rice |
are involved in specifying |
inflorescence meristems |
Oryza sativa |
| specific expression of gt1 in the nodal plexus in maize |
suppresses |
initiation of multiple ears |
Zea mays ssp. mays |
| altered tassel traits of ZCN4 OE plants |
were not apparent in |
transgenic RHW1 OE lines |
Zea mays |
| TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) |
maintains |
indeterminate state of inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Landsberg erecta- 0 (Ler-0) |
harbors loss-of-function mutation in |
ERECTA gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| only vascular plant PIN proteins |
could restore |
At (ATPIN1, PIN1, AT1G73590) inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SWR1 and ER signaling pathway |
regulates |
inflorescence architecture |
|
| EVG expression |
is separated in space from |
DOT expression |
|
| evg mutants in a mixed W115/W138 genetic background |
display |
solitary flower phenotype |
Petunia hybrida |
| evg phenotype in mixed W115/W138 genetic background |
gets stronger in |
mixed W115/W138 genetic background |
Petunia hybrida |
| 35S:miR156a plants |
have axillary inflorescences that bolt prior to |
outgrowth of the primary inflorescence |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (IMB4, AT4G27640) mutants |
show delayed emergence of |
primary inflorescence stems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Four different Pinot noir cluster types |
can be distinguished as |
compact, loose, upright growing and mixed berry size clusters |
Vitis vinifera |
| Loose cluster clones (LCCs) M171 and 1-86 |
show significantly increased |
rachis length, pedicel length and berry size |
Vitis vinifera |
| VvGRF4 mRNA levels of compact cluster clones (CCCs) |
were highest at stage 1 with RPKM values around 90, dropping to around 10 at stage 3 |
developmental stages |
Vitis vinifera |
| extra floral bracts |
accompanied by |
extra pair of glumes |
Hordeum vulgare |
| GFP signals at AP stage |
were limited to |
rachis and boundary domain of floret organs |
Hordeum vulgare |
| secondary spikelets of alog-1 in wheat |
are mainly formed in |
central region of inflorescence |
Triticum aestivum |
| spike development |
results in |
gradient of spikelet developmental stages along spike length |
Hordeum vulgare |
| HvALOG1 |
coordinates |
gene expression related to cell division activity, spikelet identity/determinacy, boundary formation, organ growth, hormone signaling |
Hordeum vulgare |
| aqcfl1 plants |
consistently showed |
reduced inflorescence height |
Aquilegia coerulea |
| gcn5-1/hag1-1 mutants |
display |
overproliferation of young buds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| maize ramosa3 (ra3) mutant |
produces |
highly branched male and female inflorescences |
Zea mays |
| ft-10 tsf-1 / ft-10 tsf-1 (scion/rootstock) plants |
produces |
hyper-vegetative shoots |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| extrapetals (exp) mutant |
transforms |
cymose inflorescence into solitary flower |
Petunia hybrida |
| extrapetals (exp) mutant |
results in |
solitary flower |
|
| rice orthologs of (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) (AGL24, AT4G24540) and (AGL3, SEP4, AT2G03710) |
determine |
panicle branching |
Oryza sativa |
| pp2-a13-1 mutant |
shows altered |
inflorescence morphology |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| differentially regulated genes in (ATSPL7, SPL7, AT5G18830) (ATSPL14, FBR6, SPL14, SPL1R2, AT1G20980) spl17 and nl1 mutants |
globally indicate |
persistence of vegetative program during panicle development |
rice |
| variation in the regulatory region of FZP |
causes |
increases in secondary inflorescence branching |
Oryza sativa |
| combination of (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) overexpression and loss of function of FT and (TSF, AT4G20370) |
does not produce |
additive effect |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (HB-3, STIP, WOX9, WOX9A, AT2G33880) mutant |
shows |
weak inflorescence branching |
Oryza sativa |
| branched inflorescence phenotype |
was tightly associated with |
deletions in the second ATAC-seq peak region (peak-2, 350 bp) in the distal portion of the promoter |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| pinoid (ABR, PID, AT2G34650) mutant |
strikingly resembles |
(ATPIN1, PIN1, AT1G73590) mutant phenotypes |
|
| identification of non-cell-autonomous signal preventing phase reversion |
would contribute to |
better understanding of how inflorescence shape is determined |
rice |
| continued formation of flower buds |
leads to |
retardation of inflorescence termination |
Torenia |
| aqcfl1 inflorescences |
resulted in |
open flowers at the level of the rosette leaves |
Aquilegia coerulea |
| gcn5-5/hag1-5 mutants |
display |
overproliferation of young buds |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| promoter dissection by chromatin accessibility and CRISPR-Cas9 in vivo analysis |
mapped |
distinct SlWOX9 functions controlling early SAM growth or inflorescence branching |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (ATSPL7, SPL7, AT5G18830) (ATSPL14, FBR6, SPL14, SPL1R2, AT1G20980) spl17 mutant |
is reminiscent of |
osmads14, 15, 18, 34 quadruple mutant |
rice |
| barley ALOG1 (HvALOG1) |
is orthologous to |
Oryza G1 |
Hordeum vulgare L.; Oryza sativa |
| HvALOG1 being only expressed ALOG gene at LP and AP stages |
suggests |
key role in regulating SM activity and boundary establishment |
Hordeum vulgare |
| genetic redundancy among ALOG proteins |
is particularly important during |
early spike development |
Hordeum vulgare |
| genes controlling number of flowers per I2 |
have not been identified in |
legumes |
|
| pseudanthia |
combine |
hundreds of individual flowers |
|
| Asteraceae inflorescences |
contain |
hundreds of morphologically and functionally distinct flowers |
|
| genes that regulate (ATFT1, ATFUT1, FT1, FUT1, MUR2, AT2G03220) /Hd3a/RFT1/ZCN8 |
could be targeted to boost |
floret number |
|
| I2 transient meristem |
terminates as |
FM |
Medicago truncatula |
| barley plants that over-express (ATFT1, ATFUT1, FT1, FUT1, MUR2, AT2G03220) |
flower while regenerating from callus and bear |
rudimentary inflorescences with few infertile spikelets |
Hordeum vulgare |
| ZmBAD1/WAB1 |
regulates |
inflorescence or flower organ development |
Zea mays |
| meristem activity |
needs to be weakened to establish |
normal spike morphology |
Hordeum vulgare |
| primary rachis branches |
are initiated in |
spiral arrangement |
Oryza sativa |
| higher FZP expression |
led to lower |
NSB, GSB and GN |
Oryza sativa |
| OsROXY2 |
is expressed in |
leaves |
Oryza sativa |
| reduction in tassel branch numbers |
is enhanced with |
loss of one copy of (AtSIP1, RS1, SIP1, AT1G55740) |
Zea mays |
| inflorescence reversion |
leads back to |
formation of leaves and vegetative shoots |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsROXY1 |
is expressed in |
stems |
Oryza sativa |
| OsROXY2 |
is expressed in |
inflorescence meristem |
Oryza sativa |
| sor1-d mutation |
did not restore |
inflorescence height phenotypes of (AtMAX2, MAX2, ORE9, PPS, AT2G42620) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| loose cluster architecture |
is correlated with |
elongated pedicels |
Vitis vinifera |
| photoperiod-insensitive alleles |
exhibit |
normal spike development |
|
| CArG-box mutations within the promoter region of (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) |
result in |
subsequent slower growth of the spikelet in short days compared with long days |
|
| F-box-domain-containing protein ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION1 (HORVU7Hr1G108970) |
showed reduced expression in |
transgenic line |
Hordeum vulgare |
| ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION1 homolog |
suppresses |
precocious conversion of inflorescence meristems to spikelet meristems |
Oryza sativa |
| pin-formed1 (ATPIN1, PIN1, AT1G73590) mutant |
develops |
pin-like inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| loss of a single copy of (AtSIP1, RS1, SIP1, AT1G55740) |
enhances |
tassel branch reduction phenotype |
Zea mays |
| grass (Poaceae) species |
have |
spikelet as basic unit of inflorescence |
|
| vascular bundle |
will form in |
middle of the main inflorescence |
Oryza sativa |
| Ib-TFL1 |
appears to be involved in maintenance of |
inflorescence state in axillary meristems |
Impatiens balsamina |
| (AtMYB62, BW62B, BW62C, MYB62, AT1G68320) overexpressing plants as they grew older |
inflorescence stalks lost apical dominance and produced |
numerous lateral branches with short internodes |
|
| OsROXY2 |
is expressed in |
flag leaf primordia |
Oryza sativa |
| reproductive rachis meristem |
produces axillary meristems until |
abortion |
Oryza sativa |
| rate of meristem fate transition |
determines whether an axillary meristem grows into |
higher-order branch |
Oryza sativa |
| characterization of the molecular function of the candidate genes |
would continue to drive |
understanding of the process of inflorescence development in rice |
Oryza sativa |
| indeterminate spikelets |
results in |
branched inflorescence |
Hordeum vulgare |
| branched inflorescence meristems of vrs4 spikes |
initiated directly from |
spikelet meristem |
Hordeum vulgare |
| BDI1 |
controls |
outgrowth of spikelet meristems |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (ATCOM1, ATGR1, COM1, GR1, AT3G52115) (BDI1) |
contributes to specification of |
spike inflorescence shape |
Hordeum vulgare |
| T6P |
has regulatory role in |
inflorescence architecture |
Zea mays |
| primary inflorescence meristem (IM) |
gives rise to |
primary branches |
Oryza sativa |
| impairment of MtSUP function |
leads to production of |
additional flowers |
Medicago truncatula |
| weak florigen signal |
results in |
extra spikelets or branches forming during early stages |
|
| I2 meristem marker MtFULc |
was detected in |
MtSUP mutants |
Medicago truncatula |
| inflorescence meristem (IM) |
gives rise to |
various meristems with increasing determinacy |
|
| increased branching |
is associated with |
delayed expression of genes that coordinate inflorescence development and spikelet meristem identity |
|
| early flowering photoperiod insensitive Ppd-1 alleles with high (ATFT1, ATFUT1, FT1, FUT1, MUR2, AT2G03220) expression |
reduce |
spikelet number in wheat |
Triticum aestivum |
| reduced florigen levels |
help increase |
inflorescence branching |
|
| KN1 and (AtSIP1, RS1, SIP1, AT1G55740) |
have similar expression patterns in |
tassel primordia |
Zea mays |
| OsROXY1 signal |
is localized in |
cell layers near the apex surface |
Oryza sativa |
| RICE CENTRORADIALIS 1 (RCN1) overexpression |
causes delayed |
phase transition from branch to floral meristem |
Oryza sativa |
| (STPL, WOX8, WOX9B, AT5G45980) null mutant plants |
did not show |
reproductive branching or inflorescence phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| loss of (CDS5, AT3G60620) |
reduces |
panicle length |
Oryza sativa |
| (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) predominance over FT |
results in |
shoot apex does not develop a normal inflorescence |
|
| s-n5568 allele |
suggested |
sequences beyond peak-2 also contribute to the control of inflorescence branching |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| evg mutants in W115 background |
display |
solitary flower phenotype |
|
| kn1 tassels |
have fewer branches and reduced spikelet density |
tassel morphology |
Zea mays |
| OsROXY1 |
is expressed in |
spikelets |
Oryza sativa |
| 35S::TFL1 plants |
shows |
aerial rosette-like structures |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| vasculature-specific expression of FT |
causes different phenotypic rescue responses in |
main inflorescence |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| grafting 35S::FT rootstock plants to ft-10 tsf-1 tfl1-20 scion plants |
had different effects on |
inflorescence morphology in the scion plants |
|
| mutations of FZP orthologs |
affect |
inflorescence architecture |
Zea mays; Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; Brachypodium distachyon |
| tobacco FD genes overexpression |
results in |
bushy, bunch-like architecture of inflorescences |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| ft-10 soc1-2 double mutant |
produces |
normal inflorescence |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plants of either At (ATPIN1, PIN1, AT1G73590) allele co-expressing Mp |
produced |
near wild-type inflorescences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (HB-3, STIP, WOX9, WOX9A, AT2G33880) pleiotropic vegetative and reproductive roles |
are conserved in |
Solanaceae |
|
| EVERGREEN (EVG) |
is |
WOX homeodomain protein |
Petunia |