| 129 putative SbGhd7 target genes |
are highly enriched for |
flowering time genes |
Sorghum bicolor |
| indirect regulation of SbFT1 and SbFT8 by SbGhd7 |
may occur via |
repression of SORGHUM EARLY HEADING DATE 1 (SbEhd1) expression |
Sorghum bicolor |
| noncoding polymorphism in the FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) promoter |
influences |
gene expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gibberellin (GA) addition |
does not induce |
SOC1-3 |
Triticum aestivum |
| SOC1-1 |
links |
GA signaling pathway |
Triticum aestivum |
| late-flowering phenotype of sc35-scl and (AtSR45, RNPS1, SR45, AT1G16610) mutants |
is correlated to |
upregulation of (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) protein at developing shoot apical meristem |
is incorporated into |
floral activation complex |
|
| FLX4::RD transformants |
flowered much earlier than |
(FLA, FRI, RSB7, AT4G00650) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RoKSN |
forms a complex with |
RoFD |
Rosa sp. |
| SOC1-1 transcription |
correlates with |
LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) transcription |
Triticum aestivum |
| serine (S) residue 198 in RcPIF4 |
is important for regulatory activity of RcPIF4 in |
rose flowering |
Rosa chinensis |
| RcPIF4 mAPB-overexpressing rose cuttings |
flowers later than |
RcPIF4-overexpressing cuttings |
Rosa chinensis |
| RcPIF4 mAPB-overexpressing rose cuttings |
shows significantly lower RcFT transcript levels compared to |
RcPIF4-overexpressing cuttings |
Rosa chinensis |
| SOC1-1 and (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) transcript levels |
show simultaneous increases in response to |
exogenous gibberellin (GA) application |
Triticum aestivum |
| regulatory positive feedback loop including (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) (VRN2, AT4G16845) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT VRN3) |
modulates |
levels of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
Triticum aestivum |
| transfer from short day (SD) to long day (LD) |
does not induce |
soc1-2 |
Triticum aestivum |
| increases in bioactive gibberellin (GA) in presence of (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) |
result in |
up-regulation of SOC1-1 and LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) |
Triticum aestivum |
| (FLX, AT2G30120) and (FLL4, FLX4, AT5G61920) |
are required for |
(FLA, FRI, RSB7, AT4G00650) activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SbEhd1 overexpression |
significantly upregulates expression of |
SORGHUM FLOWERING TIME 8 (SbFT8) |
Sorghum bicolor |
| exogenous gibberellin (GA) addition |
is not sufficient to induce |
FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) expression in leaves |
Triticum aestivum |
| silencing of RcphyB and RcOST1L in roses |
led to |
more pronounced delay in flowering time compared with rose silenced for either gene |
Rosa sp. |
| (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) proteins |
form heterodimers with |
(AGL24, AT4G24540) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| miR156 overexpression in potato |
results in |
delay in flowering |
potato |
| NsCET1 |
functions similar to |
Arabidopsis (ATC, AT2G27550) (ANTI-FLORIGEN C) |
Nicotiana sylvestris; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| srpkii-1 flc-9 and srpkii-1 flc-10 quadruple mutants |
partially rescue |
late-flowering phenotype of srpkii-1 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gibberellin (GA) addition |
does not induce |
soc1-2 |
Triticum aestivum |
| FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) up-regulation in leaves |
is sufficient for induction of |
(REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) |
Triticum aestivum |
| gibberellin (GA) |
can induce |
SOC1-1 and (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) expression |
Triticum aestivum |
| transfer from short day (SD) to long day (LD) |
induces |
SOC1-1 |
Triticum aestivum |
| induction of LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) by long day (LD) exposure |
occurs only after |
expression of (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) |
Triticum aestivum |
| SORGHUM FLOWERING TIME 1 (SbFT1) |
is |
functional florigen |
Sorghum bicolor |
| upregulated genes in srpkii-1 |
include |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) (FLOWERING LOCUS C) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (FPA, AT2G43410) |
regulates flowering time via |
pathway independent of daylength |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| developmental aberrations in (H3.3, HTR8, AT5G10980) K27A |
include |
early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rose flowering time |
is affected by |
light intensity |
Rosa sp. |
| RcOST1L silencing in rose |
leads to |
later flowering under HL conditions |
Rosa sp. |
| vernalization |
induces expression of |
(REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) homolog |
Phleum pratense |
| gibberellin (GA) |
plays important role in transcriptional activation of |
FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL24, AT4G24540) and (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) mutations |
act antagonistically on |
timing of the floral transition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AGAMOUS-LIKE 18 (AGL18, AT3G57390) |
shows complete redundancy with |
AGAMOUS-LIKE 15 (AGL15, AT5G13790) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NsCET1 |
is |
TFL1-like gene |
Nicotiana sylvestris |
| SP3D |
is |
FT-like clade |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 5 (AtPMRT5, CAU1, PRMT5, SKB1, AT4G31120) (CHI2, CYP72C1, SHK1, SOB7, AT1G17060) BINDING PROTEIN 1 |
promotes |
flowering |
|
| FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) protein at shoot apical meristem |
interacts with |
FDL2 |
Triticum aestivum |
| SbGhd7 overexpression lines |
significantly downregulates expression of |
SORGHUM FLOWERING TIME 8 (SbFT8) |
Sorghum bicolor |
| SORGHUM FLOWERING TIME 8 (SbFT8) |
is |
functional florigen |
Sorghum bicolor |
| low abundance of RcOST1L and Pfr form of RcphyB in the nucleus under LL conditions |
delayed |
rose flowering |
Rosa sp. |
| (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) (FLOWERING LOCUS C) |
is |
crucial negative regulator of flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sh1 mutant alleles |
show delayed |
heading and anthesis |
Setaria viridis |
| (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) (VRN2, AT4G16845) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT VRN3) |
form |
regulatory positive feedback loop |
Triticum aestivum |
| T-DNA (transfer DNA) insertional mutant screen |
conducted in |
late-flowering background containing FRI-Col |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) expression |
is significantly decreased in |
shoot tips of srpkii-1 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SbGhd7 overexpression |
may indirectly repress expression of |
SORGHUM FLOWERING TIME 1 (SbFT1) |
Sorghum bicolor |
| RcPIF4 overexpression line (pIR::RcPIF4) |
is a negative regulator of |
rose flowering |
Rosa chinensis |
| rose flowering time |
is not affected by |
daylength |
Rosa sp. |
| RcPIF4 and RcCO complex |
inhibits expression of |
RcFT |
Rosa sp. |
| FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
is |
flowering repressor |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gibberellin (GA) addition |
induces |
SOC1-1 |
Triticum aestivum |
| (FLL4, FLX4, AT5G61920) |
is similar to |
other FRI-suppressor mutations such as (FRL1, AT5G16320) (AtC3H27, FES1, AT2G33835) and (SUF4, AT1G30970) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SbGhd7 overexpression |
may indirectly repress expression of |
SORGHUM FLOWERING TIME 8 (SbFT8) |
Sorghum bicolor |
| SOC1-1 and (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) transcript levels |
show simultaneous increases in response to |
photoperiod-insensitive alleles |
Triticum aestivum |
| floral activation complex |
includes |
14-3-3 linker proteins |
|
| 129 putative SbGhd7 target genes |
include |
SORGHUM FLOWERING TIME 10 (SbFT10) |
Sorghum bicolor |
| DELLA-mediated pathways |
results in |
induction of flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| investigation of the function and variation of the loci most strongly associated with climate gradients |
identified |
putatively adaptive genes involved in regulation of flowering time |
Picea rubens |
| RcphyB and RcOST1L module |
plays a crucial role in |
regulation of rose flowering time by light intensity |
Rosa sp. |
| gibberellin (GA) |
plays important role in activation of |
downstream flowering promoters |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transfer from short day (SD) to long day (LD) |
does not induce |
SOC1-3 |
Triticum aestivum |
| (FLL4, FLX4, AT5G61920) mutations |
suppress |
late-flowering phenotype of (FLA, FRI, RSB7, AT4G00650) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) |
represses through direct binding |
(AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Bd1-1, RON-2, Tek-11, and Bd29-1 accessions |
are placed in |
delayed flowering class |
Brachypodium spp. |
| mutations in (FLL4, FLX4, AT5G61920) |
are responsible for |
early-flowering phenotype of (FLL4, FLX4, AT5G61920) mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) plants |
flower at approximately the same time as |
(AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ft-1 mutation introduced into (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) (AGL24, AT4G24540) (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) background |
resulted in increased |
flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Grain number, plant height, and heading date7 (Ghd7) |
regulates |
heading date |
Oryza sativa |
| (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) and FT levels |
were followed by |
Bd3-1 (DTF = 34) and Bd21-3 (DTF = 30) |
Brachypodium spp. |
| VRN2L levels in different accessions |
varied by less than 3-fold among |
accessions tested |
Brachypodium spp. |
| lncRNAs |
are involved in |
flowering time regulation |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Oryza sativa |
| knocking down expression of CET genes in obligate LD tobacco |
is not sufficient to induce |
flowering under nonfloral induction conditions |
Nicotiana sylvestris |
| early flowering in N. sylvestris 35S-amiR-CET transformants under modified short day conditions |
is consistent with |
notion that function of CETs is to modulate flowering by antagonizing activity of florigen |
Nicotiana sylvestris |
| MADS AFFECTING FLOWERING 1 (MAF1, AT5G13240) |
is |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) homolog |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS M (AGL27, FLM, MAF1, AT1G77080) |
represses |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Edinburgh-0 and Goettingen-7 accessions |
may have |
late flowering phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RoKSN and RoFD complex |
competes with |
RoFT |
Rosa sp. |
| LtLFY expression in spikelet meristems |
is induced much later than |
initial induction of LtMADS1 and LtMADS2 |
Lolium temulentum |
| (FAR1, AT5G22500) -BINDING PROTEIN 3 (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) and (FAR-RED IMPAIRED RESPONSE 1) and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5, TED 5, AT5G11260) |
coordinately regulate |
EARLY FLOWERING 4 expression |
|
| elevated levels of (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) and FT |
correlates with |
rapid flowering among accessions |
Brachypodium spp. |
| days to flowering |
is highly correlated with |
leaf number |
Brachypodium spp. |
| vernalization and photoperiod |
determine |
flowering time |
Brachypodium spp. |
| (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) mutant combination |
consistently accelerates |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| UBI:VRN1 transgenic plants |
flowered within average of |
21 to 29 d and produced average of five to six leaves in 16-h photoperiod |
Brachypodium spp. |
| (AGL68, MAF5, AT5G65080) overexpression |
leads to |
late flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ADO1, FKL2, LKP1, ZTL, AT5G57360) (ADO2, LKP2, AT2G18915) double mutant |
shows slight early-flowering effect |
flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FRIGIDA |
is |
major determinant of natural variation in Arabidopsis flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| early-flowering phenotype in N. tabacum amiR-CETs under short day conditions |
indicates |
conserved function of antiflorigen in day-neutral tobacco and Arabidopsis |
Nicotiana tabacum; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) up-regulation |
represses |
floral transition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AGAMOUS LIKE 19 (AGL19, GL19, AT4G22950) |
promotes |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NsCET1 |
interacted with |
FD ( (AtbZIP, bZIP, AT1G68880) transcription factor) |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| SP2G (SELF-PRUNING2G) |
is |
MFT-like gene |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (chr13, PIE1, SRCAP, AT3G12810) mutations |
lead to |
early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| flowering time (FT) |
act to promote |
floral transition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Rice Os- (ASL39, LBD37, AT5G67420) FOX Arabidopsis retransformant line SH13 |
flowers in |
23.6 days on MS medium |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| causal SNP (Chr12:5520945) |
likely endows GmPRR3b H6 a moderate but appropriate level of activity |
GmPRR3b H6 activity |
Glycine max |
| cur1 mutant |
exhibits |
late flowering phenotype |
Oryza sativa |
| (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) ft-1 plants |
flower at the same time as |
ft-1 plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| correlation between flowering time and (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) and FT levels |
agrees with |
previously published correlation in Brachypodium spp. accessions |
Brachypodium spp. |
| FD ( (AtbZIP, bZIP, AT1G68880) transcription factor) |
is |
expressed specifically in the apex |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SP9D |
is |
TFL1-like clade |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (AGL70, FCL3, MAF3, AT5G65060) overexpression |
leads to |
late flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FT |
arrives at |
meristem |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL15, AT5G13790) activity in phloem |
is most effective in restoring |
wild-type flowering times |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sep3-2 mutation introduced into (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) (AGL24, AT4G24540) (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) background |
resulted in relatively little change in |
flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nicotinamide treatment |
was associated with |
repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL15, AT5G13790) and (AGL18, AT3G57390) |
have effects on flowering time independent of |
(AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) (VRN2, AT4G16845) and FT |
are thought to form |
regulatory loop in wheat and barley |
wheat; barley |
| FT mRNA levels |
were undetectable in leaves of seedlings at |
end of cold treatment |
Brachypodium spp. |
| NsCET5 |
is grouped with |
Arabidopsis (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) (TERMINAL FLOWER1) |
Nicotiana sylvestris; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 10 (ATPRMT10, PRMT10, AT1G04870) |
represses |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression |
|
| (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) mutations |
show an additive relationship with |
(AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) mutations |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AP2-like transcription factors |
are highlighted as particularly relevant targets of |
SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 13 accessions |
are categorized into |
six classes based on flowering behavior |
Brachypodium spp. |
| empty-vector control plants |
flowers in |
25.1 days on MS medium |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| prr5-1 null mutant |
does not rescue |
flowering time phenotype of spy-3 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL3 (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) |
directly interacts with |
SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 5 (SPL5, AT3G15270) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| downregulation of FRUITFUL (AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) APETALA1 (AGL7, AP1, AtAP1, AT1G69120) and (MIR172C, AT3G11435) transcript levels |
delays |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Dt2 |
regulates |
genes with roles in flowering time |
Glycine max |
| 13 accessions |
exhibit |
great range of flowering behaviors |
Brachypodium spp. |
| (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) and FT levels |
were highest in |
Bd21 (DTF = 27) |
Brachypodium spp. |
| (ADO2, LKP2, AT2G18915) knockout |
has minimal effect on |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) mutations |
result in |
early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) (AGL24, AT4G24540) plants |
flower later than |
(AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Brachypodium spp. |
has |
(REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) (AGL7, AP1, AtAP1, AT1G69120) and FT -containing gene families |
Brachypodium spp. |
| Bradi3g10010 |
is referred to as |
VRN2-like (VRN2L) |
Brachypodium spp. |
| VRN2L expression |
lacks strong correlation with |
flowering time among different Brachypodium spp. accessions |
Brachypodium spp. |
| amiR-CETs (artificial microRNA targeting NsCET1, NsCET2, and NsCET10) |
knocked down expression of |
NsCET1, NsCET2, and NsCET10 |
Nicotiana tabacum; Nicotiana sylvestris |
| (ADO1, FKL2, LKP1, ZTL, AT5G57360) (ADO2, LKP2, AT2G18915) double mutant early-flowering effect |
suggests that |
FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX1 (ADO3, FKF1, AT1G68050) plays specialized role in determining flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SWC6 mutations |
lead to |
early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SWC6 mutations |
suppress |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| flowering time |
was earlier for |
ft-10 transformants harboring 35S pro:FT SL24 than the ft-10 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NsCET2 |
is |
TFL1-like gene |
Nicotiana sylvestris |
| Arabidopsis transformants harboring NsCET1, NsCET2, and NsCET10 transgenes |
shows delayed |
flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) (AGL24, AT4G24540) plants |
flower later than |
(AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BdTR8n and BdTR7a accessions |
are placed in |
extremely delayed flowering class |
Brachypodium spp. |
| (AGL15, AT5G13790) and (AGL18, AT3G57390) |
act on additional targets that impact |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL24, AT4G24540) (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) plants |
flower earlier than |
(AGL24, AT4G24540) plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| N. sylvestris 35S-amiR-CET transformants grown under short day (SD) conditions with dim light during dark period |
flowered earlier than |
wild-type N. sylvestris plants |
Nicotiana sylvestris |
| (ARP6, ATARP6, ESD1, SUF3, AT3G33520) mutations |
suppress |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AGAMOUS LIKE 19 (AGL19, GL19, AT4G22950) |
is up-regulated by |
vernalization treatment |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Bd30-1 and Bd2-3 accessions |
flower within average of 50 to 60 d with significant variability in |
flowering time without vernalization in 20-h photoperiod |
Brachypodium spp. |
| Bd2-3 accession |
flowers at around 50 d without cold in 20-h photoperiod but had |
higher levels of VRN2L than Tek-11 |
Brachypodium spp. |
| Arabidopsis PAF1-like complex (AtPAF1c) |
is required for |
floral repression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transcriptional network |
can mediate |
floral commitment |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genomic region containing GmPRR3b |
shows strong signals associated with |
flowering and maturity time |
Glycine max |
| NsCET9 |
is grouped with |
Arabidopsis (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) (TERMINAL FLOWER1) |
Nicotiana sylvestris; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gibberellin (GA) |
is not required to activate |
SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| loss of (FLL4, FLX4, AT5G61920) |
results in complete loss of |
(FLA, FRI, RSB7, AT4G00650) activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 4 (FTM6, SPL4, AT1G53160) |
inhibits binding of to promoters of |
(MIR172C, AT3G11435) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 5 (SPL5, AT3G15270) |
inhibits binding of to promoters of |
FRUITFUL (AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) |
represses through direct binding |
FT |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL15, AT5G13790) cDNA expressed under (ATSUC2, SUC2, SUT1, AT1G22710) promoter |
results in |
delayed flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL24, AT4G24540) mutations |
delay |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Bd30-1 and Bd2-3 accessions |
are placed in |
intermediate rapid flowering class |
Brachypodium spp. |
| 16 weeks of cold |
results in no acceleration of flowering in |
BdTR7a |
Brachypodium spp. |
| FT levels |
are undetectable in all samples at |
end of cold treatment |
Brachypodium spp. |
| flowering regulator CYCLING DOF FACTOR (CDF) proteins |
show binding preference for |
FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX1 (ADO3, FKF1, AT1G68050) and LOV KELCH PROTEIN2 (ADO2, LKP2, AT2G18915) |
|
| Arabidopsis transformants harboring NsCET2 or NsCET10 transgenes |
showed |
moderate late-flowering and leaf-like bract phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (FLA, FRI, RSB7, AT4G00650) |
up-regulates |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MADS AFFECTING FLOWERING 2 (AGL31, MAF2, AT5G65050) |
is |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) homolog |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 4a and PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 4b ( (ATPRMT4A, PRMT4A, AT5G49020) and (ATPRMT4B, PRMT4B, AT3G06930) ) |
repress |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression |
|
| (AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) (AGL24, AT4G24540) (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) plants |
flower earlier than |
(AGL24, AT4G24540) (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NsCET5 |
is |
TFL1-like gene |
Nicotiana sylvestris |
| PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 4a/4b ( (ATPRMT4A, PRMT4A, AT5G49020) /4b) |
represses |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression |
|
| flowering time (FT) |
promotes |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| vernalization |
mediates stable repression of |
FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
|
| (TOE2, AT5G60120) |
is known to repress |
flowering |
|
| one non-synonymous SNP in Glyma.12G07400 |
exhibits no significant association with |
flowering time |
Glycine max |
| distinct pathways controlling flowering timing |
form |
regulatory network controlling flowering timing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| APETALA1 (AGL7, AP1, AtAP1, AT1G69120) |
is one of |
genes in transcriptional network mediating floral commitment |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genome-wide association study |
identified |
16 candidate quantitative loci associated with flowering time and maturity time |
Glycine max |
| 24.3-kb genomic region |
contains |
GmPRR3b |
Glycine max |
| photoperiod pathway |
is one of |
distinct pathways controlling flowering timing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| back-locked feed-forward loop by AGAMOUS-LIKE 24 (AGL24, AT4G24540) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
is one of |
transcriptional network mediating floral commitment |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| homeobox-leucine zipper protein (CYP20-3, ROC4, AT3G62030) |
influences |
transcript levels of GRAIN NUMBER , PLANT HEIGHT AND HEADING DATE 7 ( Ghd7 ) |
Oryza sativa |
| (PECP3, ThMPase1, AT4G29530) null mutants |
have |
early flowering phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (HAP5C, NF-YC9, AT1G08970) |
enhances |
binding of (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) to the biotin-labelled probe S1 in the (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) promoter |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
interacts with |
FT |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 52 DTF QTLs |
account for |
84.77% of phenotypic variance for DTF |
|
| vernalization |
regulates |
photoperiod control of flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rSPL3-OE (AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) double mutant |
has rosette leaf number similar to |
(AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPL5, AT3G15270) |
acts downstream of |
(FAR1, AT5G22500) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| one QTL |
mapped to |
E2 |
Glycine max |
| floral commitment |
is |
ability to continue flowering in absence of primary signal(s) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) and (FAR1, AT5G22500) inhibition of (SPL3, AT2G33810) /4/5 |
downregulates |
LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) transcript levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (FCA, AT4G16280) (AGO4, OCP11, AT2G27040) plants |
flower earlier than |
(FCA, AT4G16280) plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rSPL3 overexpressor (rSPL3-OE) |
has higher transcript levels of |
(LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (MIR172C, AT3G11435) |
acts downstream of |
(SPL3, AT2G33810) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (ATCOP1, COP1, DET340, EMB168, FUS1, AT2G32950) |
targets for ubiquitylation and degradation |
CONSTANS (CO) |
|
| (ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) |
plays important role in |
preventing flowering |
|
| coi1-16 mutants |
flower earlier than |
wild-type plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPL5, AT3G15270) |
acts upstream of |
(AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Chr12:5520945 |
is likely |
causal genetic variant |
Glycine max |
| GmFT2a and GmFT5a |
encode |
florigens in soybean |
Glycine max |
| single loss of function mutants of individual EC components |
exhibit similar |
flowering-time phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| early flowering |
is linked to |
K-deficiency |
|
| SDG128 |
could rescue |
early-flowering phenotype caused by (ATX1, SDG27, AT2G31650) mutation |
|
| (AtTCP14, TCP14, AT3G47620) mutant |
further delays |
late flowering defect of (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) 15 21 22 23 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ACG1, ATMSI4, FVE, MSI4, NFC04, NFC4, AT2G19520) |
interacts with |
LCU |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FT |
is the direct target of |
NF-Ys |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| repressive epigenetic phenomena |
include |
vernalization |
|
| (AKS1, CFLAP1, FBH3, AT1G51140) and (B160, JMJ28, AT4G21430) bindings to chromatin |
overlap |
genome-wide |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transition from vegetative to reproductive growth |
is induced by |
inductive photoperiod |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPL3, AT2G33810) 4 5 triple mutant |
has lower transcript levels of |
(AGL7, AP1, AtAP1, AT1G69120) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPL3, AT2G33810) 4 5 FUL-OE genetic combination |
has fewer rosette leaves than |
(SPL3, AT2G33810) 4 5 triple mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| changes from late flowering to early flowering |
are associated with |
Chr12:5509317 and Chr12:5520945 polymorphisms |
Glycine max |
| epigenetic mechanisms |
can mediate |
molecular memory of flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NO-overproducing mutant |
showed |
delayed flowering |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL3 (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) |
directly interacts with |
SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 4 (FTM6, SPL4, AT1G53160) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (SPL3, AT2G33810) |
inhibits binding of to promoters of |
FRUITFUL (AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) and (FAR1, AT5G22500) inhibition of (SPL3, AT2G33810) /4/5 |
downregulates |
FRUITFUL (AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) transcript levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rSPL3-OE / MIM172 genetic combination |
flowers significantly later than |
rSPL3-OE |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Chr12:5483364 |
is located on |
chromosome 12 |
Glycine max |
| FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
reduces expression of |
FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| release of SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3/4/5 ( (SPL3, AT2G33810) /4/5) from (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) (FAR1, AT5G22500) inhibition |
allows activation of |
FRUITFUL (AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPL3, AT2G33810) |
acts upstream of |
(AGL7, AP1, AtAP1, AT1G69120) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Chr12:5520945_TT genotype landraces in Beijing |
flower earlier by |
12.3 days |
Glycine max |
| transcription process of (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) TE |
is not modulated by |
(FLA, FRI, RSB7, AT4G00650) or autonomous pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGO4, OCP11, AT2G27040) mutants |
flower earlier than |
wild-type Ler under short-day conditions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ABH1, ATCBP80, CBP80, ENS, AT2G13540) mutant |
has altered expression of |
(AGL27, FLM, MAF1, AT1G77080) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Ghd8 |
greatly contributes to |
rice heading |
Oryza sativa |
| SPY:GFP-SPY-NLS transgenic line |
could not efficiently rescue |
flowering time phenotype of spy-3 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) |
represses |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rSPL3-OE (AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) double mutant |
has more rosette leaves than |
rSPL3-OE |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YFP-H6 and H6-YFP overexpression lines under LD and SD conditions |
flowered significantly later than WT under |
long-day (LD) and short-day (SD) conditions in growth chambers |
Glycine max |
| functional (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression levels |
correlates with |
flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| coi1-16 plants on low K |
flower earlier than |
wild-type plants on low K |
|
| B-Box protein (BBX20, BZS1, STH7, AT4G39070) |
may be responsible for |
flowering time phenotype in Mediator subunit mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (SPL3, AT2G33810) |
inhibits binding of to promoters of |
APETALA1 (AGL7, AP1, AtAP1, AT1G69120) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rSPL3 overexpressor (rSPL3-OE) |
flowers earlier with |
fewer rosette leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPL3, AT2G33810) 4 5 triple mutant |
has lower transcript levels of |
(AGL8, FUL, AT5G60910) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) (FAR1, AT5G22500) (SPL3, AT2G33810) 4 5 genetic combination |
flowers later than |
(CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) (FAR1, AT5G22500) double mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPL3, AT2G33810) |
positively regulates |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (NF-YC3, AT1G54830) |
interacts with |
(AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| putative cis-regulatory element for (AtVGT1, VGT1, AT3G03090) |
is delimited to |
non-coding region upstream of Ap2-like transcription factor |
Zea mays |
| (ACS, AT5G36880) octuple mutant |
has |
early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Gmprr3b mutant plants |
flowered slightly later than WT under |
natural day (ND) and long-day (LD) conditions |
Glycine max |
| (FCA, AT4G16280) mutant |
upregulates expression of |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nrpe1-L1 (FLA, FRI, RSB7, AT4G00650) plants |
dramatically promote |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PECP3, ThMPase1, AT4G29530) T-DNA insertion mutants |
exhibit |
early flowering phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AHL22, AT2G45430) |
interacts with |
LCU |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
is associated with |
T1, T3, T4, and N5 in the promoter of (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NF-CO and NF-Y complexes |
bind to the proximal CORE regions and distal CCAAT enhancer of the FT promoter through chromatin looping to antagonize |
functions of Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| release of SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3/4/5 ( (SPL3, AT2G33810) /4/5) from (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) (FAR1, AT5G22500) inhibition |
allows activation of |
(MIR172C, AT3G11435) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| E2 |
is |
known flowering gene |
Glycine max |
| moderate but appropriate level of GmPRR3b H6 activity |
leads to |
early flowering |
Glycine max |
| 6,341,742 polymorphic SNPs |
used in |
GWAS analyses for flowering time and maturity time |
Glycine max |
| 35S:TCP7 soc1-2 double transgenic |
mimics |
soc1-2 single mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Gastrodia elata |
convergently lost genes involved in |
flowering time regulation |
Gastrodia elata |
| (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) mutations |
show additive interactions with |
(AGL15, AT5G13790) (AGL18, AT3G57390) mutations |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Bd21 accession |
flowers rapidly (less than 45 d) in |
both 16-h and 20-h photoperiods without prior cold exposure |
Brachypodium spp. |
| P 35S-NsCET1 or P SUC2-NsCET1 transgenes in tobacco |
showed |
late-flowering phenotype |
Nicotiana sylvestris; Nicotiana tabacum |
| repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) by vernalization |
requires |
active maintenance |
|
| (NF-YB3, AT4G14540) |
enhances |
transcriptional activation activity of (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) toward (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP15, TCP15, AT1G69690) |
indirectly regulates class II CIN TCPs possibly through |
SOC1-repressed (MIR319, MIR319B, AT5G41663) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SOC1-repressed (MIR319, MIR319B, AT5G41663) |
promotes |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| some transposable elements (TEs) |
are close to |
loci involved in flowering time and photoperiod response |
Zea mays |
| FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
reduces expression of |
FLOWERING LOCUS D (FD) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATMSI1, MEE70, MSI1, AT5G58230) |
regulates flowering time by induction of |
(AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtLHP1, LHP1, TFL2, AT5G17690) mutation |
causes |
early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPL3, AT2G33810) |
acts downstream of |
(CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GWAS analyses |
detected |
16 candidate QTL regions for flowering time |
Glycine max |
| transgenic lines grown in field |
were different from WT controls in having |
elongated flowering period |
Glycine max |
| (AtTEM1, EDF1, TEM1, AT1G25560) |
acts as direct repressor of |
FT gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BR-deficient mutants |
exhibit |
late-flowering phenotype |
|
| (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) |
is involved in |
shade-induced early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CPD45, FHY3, AT3G22170) (FAR1, AT5G22500) double mutant |
flowers earlier with |
fewer rosette leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| light and the circadian clock |
are integrated to regulate |
various plant growth and developmental processes, including flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| abnormal flowering time of Gmprr3b mutants |
is not mediated by |
J-E1-GmFT2a pathway |
Glycine max |
| loss of the (CCT, CRP, MED12, AT4G00450) domain |
causes |
early flowering |
Glycine max |
| (ELF3, PYK20, AT2G25930) gi double mutants |
develop rather normally and flower at |
same time irrespective of photoperiod |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| inactivation of CO by (TPL, WSIP1, AT1G15750) |
results in |
delayed flowering in long days |
|
| FT expression level |
is downregulated in |
septuple mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| C. australis |
lost genes important for controlling |
flowering time |
Cassytha australis |
| flowering-time QTL (AtVGT1, VGT1, AT3G03090) in maize |
is likely |
putative cis-regulatory element |
Zea mays |
| (AtDRB1, DRB1, HYL1, AT1G09700) mutants |
exhibit |
delayed flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP15, TCP15, AT1G69690) mutant |
flowered slightly later than |
wild-type control |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| daylength pathway and vernalization pathway |
converge in the regulation of |
floral integrators |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) |
play roles in |
regulation of flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pathways controlling regulation of flowering time |
are found in |
annual plants |
|
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
directly targets |
(AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| simultaneous knockdown of (AtTCP8, TCP8, AT1G58100) and (AtTCP22, TCP22, AT1G72010) |
enhanced |
late flowering defect of tcp14-4 tcp15-3 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CETS gene family |
have been extensively studied due to their key roles in |
flowering time regulation |
|
| OCL1 overexpression line K5 |
showed |
delayed flowering |
Zea mays |
| differences in heading time |
extended to |
several weeks when plants were fully vernalized and grown under a long-day photoperiod |
Triticum monococcum L. |
| (FRL1, AT5G16320) |
positively regulates |
FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
interacts with |
(NF-YC3, AT1G54830) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) and NF-Ys |
may have |
additional interacting factors or target genes independent of each other |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
synergistically interacted with |
NF-Y |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (B160, JMJ28, AT4G21430) |
interacts with |
FLOWERING (bHLH, AT5G51780) 1–4 (FBH1-4) transcription factors |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (SPL3, AT2G33810) |
inhibits binding of to promoters of |
LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| knockout of GmPRR3b H6 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology |
delayed |
floral transition |
Glycine max |
| Chr12:5509317 |
is likely |
causal genetic variant |
Glycine max |
| GmFT2a and GmFT5a transcriptional levels |
were decreased in |
YFP-H6 line compared with WT |
Glycine max |
| 5089 polymorphic sites in the regions under selection |
included |
phenology genes (e.g. photoperiod sensitivity, Ppd , and vernalization, VRN ) |
Triticum aestivum |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
interacts with |
CO |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP15, TCP15, AT1G69690) |
acts upstream and indirectly regulates |
class II CIN TCPs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| flowering times of C. australis and hosts |
are well synchronized |
synchronization |
Cassytha australis |
| overexpression of FT4 |
was associated with |
delayed flowering |
|
| weak or non-functional alleles of Ghd7, Ghd8, and (ATHD1, ATHDA19, HD1, HDA1, HDA19, HDAC19, RPD3A, AT4G38130) |
modify |
Hd3a and RFT1 expression under the higher latitudes |
Oryza sativa |
| (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) expression level |
is upregulated in |
35S:TCP7 overexpression line |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| late lines upon vernalization for 31 d |
flower after |
56 d |
|
| BrFLC2 |
shows clear down-regulation by |
vernalization |
Brassica rapa |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
interact with |
NF-Ys and CO |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| DTF QTLs |
50–70% were located in or near |
QTLs listed in SoyBase |
|
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
is |
positive regulator of flowering time regulation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATFYPP3, EMB2736, FYPP3, STPP, AT3G19980) |
interacts with |
LCU |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SUC2:CO-6HA lcu |
partially alleviates |
early flowering phenotype of SUC2:CO-6HA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NF-Ys, CO, and TCP |
orchestrated action along with some epigenetic regulators makes |
chromatin landscape available for the active transcription of (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| inability to flower |
in the mutants of |
three genes |
Oryza sativa |
| early flowering phenotype induced by overexpression of CO |
might be partially dependent on |
functional TCPs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FT |
does not appear to be directly regulated by |
(AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
is |
key flowering time regulator |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis (MED25, PFT1, AT1G25540) |
is |
PHYTOCHROME AND FLOWERING TIME1 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
plays central role in repressing |
floral transition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPL5, AT3G15270) |
positively regulates |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AUR62008425 |
is |
a homolog of (CDF3, AT3G47500) an Arabidopsis TF that affects flowering time under abiotic stress |
Chenopodium quinoa; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| DcLCYB1-expressing transgenic tobacco lines |
show |
early flowering |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| OCL1 overexpression line K3 |
delayed |
floral transition |
Zea mays |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
interacts with |
(NF-YB3, AT4G14540) |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| (AT-TCP20, ATTCP20, PCF1, TCP20, AT3G27010) (AtTCP22, TCP22, AT1G72010) |
have been reported to repress |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP15, TCP15, AT1G69690) |
can interact with |
(HAP5C, NF-YC9, AT1G08970) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATHAP2B, AtNF-YA2, HAP2B, NF-YA2, UNE8, AT3G05690) |
enhances |
transcriptional activation activity of (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) toward (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATNACK2, NACK2, TES, AT3G43210) |
have independently inserted into |
FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Capsella rubella; Arabidopsis arenosa; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| synergistic interactions among multiple SNPs spanning large genomic regions |
appear necessary to modulate |
gene expression and flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATDET2, DET2, DWF6, AT2G38050) mutant |
is classified as |
late-flowering mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
does not bind to |
FT promoter in 10-day-old seedlings in vivo |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATHAP2B, AtNF-YA2, HAP2B, NF-YA2, UNE8, AT3G05690) |
interacts with |
DNA-binding domain of (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (HAP5C, NF-YC9, AT1G08970) |
enhances |
transcriptional activation activity of (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) toward (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| soc1-2 lcu double mutant |
flowers at approximately the same time as |
soc1-2 single mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
acts downstream of |
(AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) |
interact with potentially certain epigenetic regulators and might recruit |
numerous transcription factors or epigenetic regulators |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rice ortholog Heading date 1 (ATHD1, ATHDA19, HD1, HDA1, HDA19, HDAC19, RPD3A, AT4G38130) |
binds |
NF-YB/NF-YC dimers |
Oryza sativa |
| late flowering rice lines that contain functional alleles of HEADING DATE1 (ATHD1, ATHDA19, HD1, HDA1, HDA19, HDAC19, RPD3A, AT4G38130) |
mature later and are less fertile than earlier flowering lines with weak or non-functional alleles when grown under long day lengths |
fertility |
Oryza sativa |
| overexpression of GmPRR3b H6 |
may delay flowering via |
photoperiod-independent pathway |
Glycine max |
| (BBX30, miP1b, AT4G15248) and (BBX31, miP1a, AT3G21890) |
interact with |
CONSTANS (CO) and TOPLESS (TPL, WSIP1, AT1G15750) |
|
| flowering-time genes |
function on |
photoperiod pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lcu mutant |
flowers later than wild-type under |
short-day (SD) conditions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RTM-GWAS |
detected |
DTF QTLs |
|
| sequencing data containing flowering time-related genomic regions |
enables detection of |
low levels of variation in key candidate genes for flowering time |
Hordeum vulgare |
| complex between GIGANTEA (GI) and Flavin-binding Kelch F-box1 (ADO3, FKF1, AT1G68050) |
is required to trigger |
degradation of repressor of CONSTANS (CO) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
regulates expression of |
LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BR signalling |
might represent |
new avenue in the floral-regulating network |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtRAV2, EDF2, RAP2.8, RAV2, TEM2, AT1G68840) |
acts as direct repressor of |
FT gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTEM1, EDF1, TEM1, AT1G25560) loss-of-function mutation |
alone does not confer |
distinct phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
expression level determines |
exact flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BR biosynthesis genes |
interact with |
flowering-time genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
regulates |
flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| late DH lines and the PC-175 parent |
show the biggest decrease in flowering time between |
5 d and 11 d of vernalization |
|
| eight obvious regulatory groups |
identified |
based on iGA analysis |
Oryza sativa |
| FT expression level |
is downregulated in |
lcu mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 35S:TCP7 |
activates |
pSOC1:LUC promoters of different lengths |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NF-Y trimer |
binds to |
functionally important enhancer CCAAT box at −5 kb from transcription start site of FT florigen gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
integrates signals from |
multiple flowering pathways |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| future research on flowering regulation |
should shift away from studying |
flowering regulation mechanisms in individual model plants |
|
| CONSTANS (CO) |
antagonistically regulates |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BR-insensitive (ATBRI1, BIN1, BRI1, CBB2, DWF2, AT4G39400) mutant |
shows |
late-flowering-time phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
promotes |
transition to flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ART1, HUA2, AT5G23150) mutants |
have attenuated |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) and AG responses |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ZCN8 |
has been associated with |
florigen activity |
Zea mays |
| ID1 mRNA level in wild-type immature leaves |
showed no significant difference compared to |
ID1 mRNA level in OCL1-OE immature leaves |
Zea mays |
| flowering time regulation network |
is organized into |
distinct pathways |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ABA |
inhibits |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (EFO2, RUP2, AT5G23730) overexpression |
confers |
early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| late-flowering phenotype of ld mutant |
is enhanced in |
(ATBRI1, BIN1, BRI1, CBB2, DWF2, AT4G39400) and (CBB3, CPD, CYP90, CYP90A, CYP90A1, DWF3, AT5G05690) mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| future research |
should focus on |
identification of new targets of (ELF6, AT5G04240) (EIN6, JMJ12, REF6, AT3G48430) in the flowering pathway |
|
| CONSTANT (CO) |
enhances |
transcriptional activation activity of (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) toward (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NF-Ys and CO |
might enhance |
transcriptional activation activity of (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) towards (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) in planta |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| glucosinolate biosynthetic alkenyl- and hydroxyalkyl-producing locus (GS-AOP) |
genetic variation associated with variation in |
onset of flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BR signalling |
represses |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| variations at Pi5+104 and Pi6+1 |
can affect |
flowering time |
Brassica rapa |
| TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) |
has role in |
repression of initial flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ZCN8 |
promotes |
flowering |
Zea mays |
| CAPS marker genotype |
is significantly correlated with |
flowering-time phenotype |
Brassica rapa |
| (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) blocking of FT and (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) activation |
delays |
Arabidopsis flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| changes in expression patterns of various transcription factors within CBF2-regulon |
may explain |
delayed flowering phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
regulates expression of |
FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OCL1 overexpression line K1 |
showed |
delayed flowering |
Zea mays |
| OsMADS47 expression in (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) mutants |
does not complement |
flowering-time phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| autonomous pathway |
represses expression of |
FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Mutated FT(Y85H) transgenic lines |
show no altered |
flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATHAP2B, AtNF-YA2, HAP2B, NF-YA2, UNE8, AT3G05690) |
reduces |
binding of (AtTCP7, TCP7, AT5G23280) to the biotin-labelled probe S2 in the (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) promoter |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 35S:SOC1 lcu |
partially rescues |
late flowering phenotype of lcu |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTCP15, TCP15, AT1G69690) |
plays |
positive role in flowering time regulation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TE insertions into FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
suggest role in |
phenological adaptation to climate |
Capsella rubella; Arabidopsis arenosa; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) |
integrates signals from |
multiple flowering pathways |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL24, AT4G24540) |
functions as |
promoter of flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genetic factors responsible for differences in flowering time once vernalization and photoperiod requirements are fulfilled |
are not well understood |
understanding of genetic control of flowering time |
|
| gibberellic acid metabolism/response pathway |
is one of |
four pathways regulating flowering time in Arabidopsis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| early flowering phenotype |
is corroborated by |
higher PC/PE ratio |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| class I TCPs |
may regulate |
flowering time by promoting the expression of (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) and FT |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nf-ycT lcu quadruple mutant |
shows |
synergistic interaction in flowering time regulation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| trait-based (reverse ecology) approaches |
have connected |
flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana to single alleles with environment-specific effects |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (FWA, HDG6, AT4G25530) protein |
has negative impact on |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| interactions of different (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) paralogues and other flowering time-related genes |
are being investigated further in |
Brassica rapa |
Brassica rapa |
| over-expression of MtSVP genes in Arabidopsis |
resulted in |
delayed flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Medicago |
lacks |
genes similar to VERNALIZATION2 (VRN2, AT4G16845) flowering time repressor |
Medicago truncatula |
| continuous warm (CW) conditions |
also evident in reduction of |
CONSTANS (CO) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| co mutant |
flowered early in warm night (WN), warm day (WD), and continuous warm (CW) conditions, showing that warm cues can induce flowering without |
CONSTANS (CO) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| warm night (WN) conditions |
did not cause significant changes in expression of |
FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pif4-2 mutant |
showed delayed flowering under |
warm day (WD) conditions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| negative expression correlations of (ATHD1, ATHDA19, HD1, HDA1, HDA19, HDAC19, RPD3A, AT4G38130) with (ATEHD1, EHD1, AT3G20290) and OsMADS50 |
indicated that they both were downregulated by |
(ATHD1, ATHDA19, HD1, HDA1, HDA19, HDAC19, RPD3A, AT4G38130) |
Oryza sativa |
| model predictions |
were experimentally validated by |
measuring changes in histone modifications over developmental time course |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| fbh1234 quadruple mutant |
has decreased |
(B160, JMJ28, AT4G21430) occupancy at the CO locus |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| constitutive expression of (ATCBF2, CBF2, DREB1C, FTQ4, AT4G25470) |
induces |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| vernalization pathway |
represses expression of |
FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CONSTANS (CO) |
regulates expression of |
FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
expression level determines |
exact flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| brassinosteroids (BRs) |
are important for |
flowering transition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RNAi-mediated knockdown of (AtTEM1, EDF1, TEM1, AT1G25560) and (AtRAV2, EDF2, RAP2.8, RAV2, TEM2, AT1G68840) |
induces |
early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (AtSVP) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) complex |
represses |
SUPPRESSOR OF OVER-EXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| warm night (WN)-stimulated early rise in FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) expression |
is somewhat retained in |
pif4-2 pif5-3 double mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATHD1, ATHDA19, HD1, HDA1, HDA19, HDAC19, RPD3A, AT4G38130) |
highly significant negative expression correlations with |
(ATEHD1, EHD1, AT3G20290) and OsMADS50 |
Oryza sativa |
| genetic diversity among flowering time genes |
has been partly explored |
in rice varieties that can flower in Europe |
Oryza sativa |
| EDI allele of (AT-PHH1, ATCRY2, CRY2, FHA, PHH1, AT1G04400) |
is |
large-effect flowering-time allele |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| noncoding single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) intron 1 (SNP+259) |
leads to |
increased FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) transcription |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) |
reduces mRNA level of |
TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF, AT4G20370) |
|
| HvVRT2, HvBM1 and HvBM10 |
exhibited |
higher expression in Golden Promise than in Ubi::HvCO1 |
Hordeum vulgare |
| LATE FLOWERING mutation in pea |
affects |
flowering time |
Pisum sativum |
| major flowering time QTL on the top of A02 |
points to a role for |
BrFLC2 |
Brassica rapa |
| FLQTL-3 |
explains |
15% of the variation in flowering time (FL07sp-v18) |
|
| differences in BrFLC2 expression between vernalized and non-vernalized plants |
are largest in |
seedling stage |
|
| multiple functional loci |
may contribute to |
wide variation in flowering time |
Brassica rapa |
| FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
is |
floral repressor |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| studies about earliness per se |
have been focused on |
final differences in heading time |
|
| allelic variation at Eps-A m 1 locus |
resulted in |
differences in heading time of only a few days under natural conditions |
Triticum monococcum L. |
| FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
is induced in |
leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ELF7, AT1G79730) |
positively regulates |
FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) paralogues |
exist in |
Brassica rapa |
Brassica rapa |
| LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) |
represses |
TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Eps genes |
are likely to be |
a heterogeneous group with variable effects on different developmental phases |
|
| effects of temperature and temperature×photoperiod interactions on flowering gene pathways |
have not been studied |
current research gap |
|
| BR signal transduction genes |
interact with |
flowering-time genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pi6+1(A) accessions |
show tendency for |
relatively early flowering time |
Brassica rapa |
| Pi6+1(G) allele |
is significantly later than |
Pi6+1(A) allele |
Brassica rapa |
| early DH lines |
carry |
yellow sarson alleles at the flowering time QTL region on A02 |
|
| late pools |
show more |
BrFLC2 transcript |
Brassica rapa |
| PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) and PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 5 (A-PUT2, bHLHb1, PIF5, PIL6, AT3G59060) expression |
is similarly phase advanced in plants at constant 28 °C and long-day photoperiods |
temporal phase of (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) and (A-PUT2, bHLHb1, PIF5, PIL6, AT3G59060) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsMADS22 expression in (AGL22, FAQ1, SVP, AT2G22540) mutants |
does not complement |
flowering-time phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| autonomous pathway |
promotes |
flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pi6+1 genotype |
is associated with |
flowering-time variation |
Brassica rapa |
| vernalization pathway |
influences |
flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| number of days before the appearance of inflorescences in FLC-overexpressing plants |
was |
52.31±1.57 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
is |
flowering time integrator gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| winter annual types |
are |
late flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BrFLC2 transcript levels |
are higher in |
late flowering pools of DH lines |
Brassica rapa |
| BrFLC2 transcript levels |
are lower in |
pools of early flowering DH lines |
Brassica rapa |
| different (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) paralogues |
have roles in |
flowering time regulation in Brassica rapa |
Brassica rapa |
| 35S::OsMADS47 transgenic line |
does not complement |
agl24-2 mutant flowering time phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLQTL on A02 |
disappears after |
31 d of vernalization |
|
| BrFLC2 transcript |
is more abundant in |
late pools compared with early pools |
|
| BrFLC2 |
is found as candidate gene for |
large effect flowering time QTL on A02 |
Brassica rapa |
| differences in BrFLC2 expression between vernalized and non-vernalized plants |
slowly diminish during |
plant development |
|
| magnitude of the flowering delay for pif4-2 and pif5-3 single mutants |
was nearly equivalent in both warm day (WD) and warm night (WN) conditions |
flowering delay phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| open-field trial of DH population |
shows no significant difference in flowering time between |
lines with G and A alleles at Pi6+1 |
Brassica rapa |
| BrFLC2 levels in early plants at later stages |
vary between |
4-fold and 16-fold difference |
|
| flowering time QTL |
co-localizes with |
other possible flowering-related genes |
Brassica rapa |
| DLF1 mRNA in OCL1-OE shoot apices |
followed similar pattern until 34 DAS and showed second peak at delayed floral transition |
delayed floral transition |
Zea mays |
| evolutionary perspective on flowering regulation |
may illuminate |
fundamental principles governing timing of reproductive development |
|
| (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) and (FWA, HDG6, AT4G25530) |
contribute to |
late flowering in amiTEK |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| natural variation in FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) transcription |
influences |
(AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression during germination |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| A variant at −230 in FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) promoter |
reduces |
FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsMADS47 expression in (AGL24, AT4G24540) mutants |
does not complement |
flowering-time phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| photoperiod |
is a main factor affecting |
development rate and time to heading in spring and vernalized winter wheat varieties |
|
| residual differences in flowering time |
are usually referred to as |
earliness per se |
|
| earliness per se |
is also named |
ear-emergence per se |
|
| quantitative responses to temperature and photoperiod at suboptimal temperatures |
are reasonably well understood in |
whole plants |
|
| Pi5+104 C allele |
causes flowering delay of |
20.5 days in open field and 18.0 days in growth chamber |
Brassica rapa |
| three cultivar groups |
show no significant difference in |
flowering time among groups |
Brassica rapa |
| flowering time within each cultivar group |
is significantly correlated with |
genotypes |
Brassica rapa |
| fasciculate (fa) mutant |
exhibit |
early flowering |
Capsicum spp. |
| FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) |
has function antagonistic to |
TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL-1, TFL1, AT5G03840) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FT overexpression lines |
show |
early flowering |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SP3D |
encodes |
florigen precursor |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| RcOST1L–RcPIF4 module |
plays an important role in |
light intensity-mediated rose flowering |
Rosa sp. |
| FLM-β expression |
promotes formation of |
FLM-β-SVP (SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE) complex |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RcOST1L as component of RcphyB–RcPIF4–RcOST1L module |
plays a crucial role in |
regulation of rose flowering time by light intensity |
Rosa sp. |
| induction of LEAFY (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) by gibberellin (GA) application |
occurs only after |
expression of (REM39, VRN1, AT3G18990) |
Triticum aestivum |
| T-DNA insertional mutant screen |
identified |
three allelic early-flowering mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| florigen at shoot apical meristem |
induces |
flowering |
|
| floral activation complex |
includes |
FLOWERING LOCUS D (FD) |
|
| 35S::FLX4 construct |
showed late-flowering phenotype similar to |
FRI-Col parent |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| quantitative reduction of BrFLC2 expression upon seedling vernalization |
diminishes in |
subsequent growth stages |
Brassica rapa |
| OsMADS50 with trans-eQTL |
located in genomic position of |
Ghd7 |
Oryza sativa |
| PRC2-mediated regulation |
occurs at |
FLOWERING LOCUS C (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tek-1 mutant |
show no obvious defects in |
flowering time |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) upstream factors including (FLD, RSI1, AT3G10390) (ACG1, ATMSI4, FVE, MSI4, NFC04, NFC4, AT2G19520) and (FLA, FRI, RSB7, AT4G00650) LIKE 1 (FRL1, AT5G16320) |
show not significantly changed transcript levels in |
amiTEK plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| autonomous flowering pathway |
is one of |
four pathways regulating flowering time in Arabidopsis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| early pool after 31 d of vernalization |
shows flowering time reduction of |
30 d |
Brassica rapa |
| real-time PCR using exon 4 forward primer |
detects very little change in |
BrFLC2 transcript levels upon vernalization |
Brassica rapa |
| (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) expression in srpkii-1 seedlings |
is consistent with |
late-flowering phenotype in srpkii |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SOC1-1 |
is |
critical (AGL20, ATSOC1, SOC1, AT2G45660) paralog linking GA signaling pathway with (LFY, LFY3, AT5G61850) induction |
Triticum aestivum |