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defense response

24893 relationships annotated with this phrase. Showing first 500 of 24893.
Source entity Relationship Target entity Species
compatible vs incompatible interactions of poplar cultivars with Laccaria bicolor can be discriminated by diversity and half-life of the host defenses Populus spp.; Laccaria bicolor
(JAZ6, TIFY11B, AT1G72450) and other group I JAZs implicated in resistance to necrotrophic pathogens Arabidopsis thaliana
Avr9B-like protein from Stemphylium lycopersici could be recognised by an endogenous host resistance protein, but that this recognition does not trigger an hypersensitive response Solanum lycopersicum
NtChiV was purified from tobacco mosaic virus-inoculated leaves of tobacco Nicotiana tabacum
defense-responsive pathways were enriched in WT1-3 after C. heterostrophus infection Zea mays
SlERF.C1 overexpression enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea Solanum lycopersicum
genes involved in defense response are more highly induced in Rorippa sylvestris Rorippa sylvestris
rdd1-1D cngc2-3 mutant suppresses autoimmune phenotype conferred by (ATCNGC2, CNGC2, DND1, AT5G15410) Arabidopsis thaliana
overrepresentation analysis (ORA) revealed that endosperm gene set was overrepresented for genes related to response to abscisic acid, defense response, cell wall macromolecule metabolism/catabolism, cell death, and regulation of transcription Arabidopsis thaliana
Bg_9562 overexpressing (OE) tomato lines have enhanced expression of (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) Solanum lycopersicum
rdd1-1D cngc2-3 mutant shows significantly reduced PR-1 gene expression Arabidopsis thaliana
SlERF.C1 knockout increased fruit susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea Solanum lycopersicum
Arabidopsis plants initiate nonhost response (NHR) Arabidopsis thaliana
jazQ plants are more susceptible to B. cinerea infection Arabidopsis thaliana
SlMPK8 overexpression enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea Solanum lycopersicum
genetic crosses between SlMPK8-KO and SlERF.C1-OE lines reduced resistance to Botrytis cinerea in SlERF.C1-OE fruits Solanum lycopersicum
recognition of Ecp2-1 in Nicotiana species is thought to be mediated by an endogenous resistance protein that is not homologous to Cf RLPs Nicotiana species
chloroplasts with stromules accumulate around haustoria Phytophthora infestans
(CYCT1;2, AT4G19560) is implicated in viral resistance Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATCNGC2, CNGC2, DND1, AT5G15410) mutant displays autoimmune phenotypes Arabidopsis thaliana
overexpression (OE) of OsBIPP2C1 or OsBIPP2C2 in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants resulted in increased disease resistance Nicotiana tabacum
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulated in cells from where aerial hyphae were generated in control line at 10 dpi Oryza sativa
algal cells might avoid attachment to predator with sticky flagella Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; Pseudomonas protegens
other classes induced by testa rupture in micropylar and chalazal endosperm (MCE) include genes related to biotic stress, hormone metabolism, regulation of transcription, signaling (receptor kinases), and transport Arabidopsis thaliana
catechol protects against Xanthomonas oryzae Oryza sativa
leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase genes have been generally associated with defense response
C. heterostrophus infection at 6 hpi resulted in identification of 1261 DEGs between the two lines Zea mays
OsWRKY45 plays crucial role in SA-mediated defense signaling by activating redox-related genes in rice Oryza sativa
endogenous resistance protein in Nicotiana species is possibly an (RLK, AT5G67280) (receptor-like kinase) Nicotiana species
miRNA s of class 1 should play positive roles in rice resistance Oryza sativa
(MIR398B, AT5G14545) expression increased approximately 8-fold at 24 hpi in LTH Oryza sativa
Ser protease inhibitors act as defense proteins Oryza sativa
highly abundant photosynthesis-associated genes (PAGs) transcripts in the leaf may provide a buffering capacity required for rapid induction of defense-related genes during stress Arabidopsis thaliana
(CAMTA3, SR1, AT2G22300) loss-of-function mutant shows enhanced PR gene expression Arabidopsis thaliana
Avr9B triggered chlorosis/cell death in Nicotiana species Nicotiana species
overexpression of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) conferred protection against Pseudomonas syringae DC 3000 Arabidopsis thaliana
jazQ plants have reciprocal pattern of resistance, being more resistant than WT to feeding by T. ni Arabidopsis thaliana
benzoxazinoids regulate production of callose Zea mays
algal cells might avoid exposure to toxic compound to noncell wall-protected ciliary membrane Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
chloroplasts act as primary producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
epidermal chloroplasts reposition in response to infection by fungi and oomycetes
RBOHD-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in the induction of stomatal closure Arabidopsis thaliana
Bg_9562 overexpressing (OE) tomato lines have enhanced expression of (ATNPR1, NIM1, NPR1, SAI1, AT1G64280) Solanum lycopersicum
j1256 plants do not have increased resistance to T. ni Arabidopsis thaliana
Avr9B and Avr9B-like proteins could trigger Cf-9B/SOBIR1-independent responses by interacting with and perturbing the plant plasma membrane
rdd1-1D cngc2-3 mutant suppresses cngc2-mediated constitutive defense response Arabidopsis thaliana
SlMPK8 knockout increased fruit susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea Solanum lycopersicum
anthocyanins play important role in protecting plants against pathogen damage
benzoxazinoids have role in defense against insect herbivory Zea mays
plant fitness relies on efficient defense against pathogens and herbivores until seed dispersal
DNA-binding transcription factors were enriched in WT1-3 after C. heterostrophus infection Zea mays
(ATCNGC4, CNGC4, DND2, HLM1, AT5G54250) mutant has significantly higher PR-1 transcript levels compared to rdd1-1D cngc4-5 Arabidopsis thaliana
Avr9B-like proteins from Peronospora fuligena and Stemphylium lycopersici triggered chlorosis/cell death in Nicotiana species Nicotiana species; Peronospora fuligena; Stemphylium lycopersici
anthocyanins play important role in protecting plants against herbivore damage
coronatine (COR) treatment induces rapid expression of defense genes Arabidopsis thaliana
(XLG2, AT4G34390) overexpression lines showed constitutive accumulation of transcripts from PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 3 (CYP71B15, PAD3, AT3G26830)
infiltration of bacterial cells at 10^5 CFU ml^−1 fails to induce defense genes expression Solanum lycopersicum
MAP kinase cascade consisting of (ATMEK4, ATMKK4, MKK4, AT1G51660) (ATMAP2K_ALPHA, ATMEK5, ATMKK5, MAP2K_A, MEK5, MKK5, AT3G21220) (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) and (MAP3KA, MAPKKK3, AT1G53570) (MAPKKK5, AT5G66850) plays critical roles in regulating biosynthesis of ethylene, phytoalexins, and indole glucosinolates Arabidopsis thaliana
defense responses in IRBLkm-Ts are stronger than defense responses in IRBLz5-CA Oryza sativa
flavan-3-ols should be tested for antifungal defense role in future studies with growth assays of C. polonica Picea abies
SFN activation of defense priming reduces susceptibility to Hpa infection in Arabidopsis Arabidopsis thaliana
miR1871 is negative regulator of rice resistance Oryza sativa
ANP subfamily of MAP3K (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase) regulate defense gene expression independently of apoplastic hydrogen peroxide Arabidopsis thaliana
pretreatment with SFN seems to reduce susceptibility of Arabidopsis to downy mildew disease Arabidopsis thaliana
flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins (PAs) have been reported to function as antiherbivore defense compounds
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 3 and MAPK 6 phosphorylation is necessary but not sufficient for full activation of immune gene expression response by elicitors Arabidopsis thaliana
lower Hpa sporulation is obvious by reduced susceptibility of Arabidopsis to downy mildew disease Arabidopsis thaliana; Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis
GmCaM4 constitutive expression confers broad-spectrum resistance to fungal pathogens Nicotiana tabacum
(XLG2, AT4G34390) overexpression lines showed constitutive accumulation of transcripts from RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG C (ATRBOHC, RBOHC, RHD2, AT5G51060)
IRBLkm-Ts and IRBLz5-CA show little hyphae and no conidiophores at 10 dpi Oryza sativa
(FOC, MIR160, MIR160A, AT2G39175) expression was increased approximately 4-fold upon M. oryzae infection in IRBLkm-Ts Oryza sativa
miR398 overexpression line shows higher expression level than (FOC, MIR160, MIR160A, AT2G39175) overexpression line Oryza sativa
basal defense responses are activated during biotic stress
cellotriose (CT) induces milder defense response than chitin Arabidopsis thaliana
WRKY family members are implicated in plant defense responses Arabidopsis thaliana
(CAMTA3, SR1, AT2G22300) loss-of-function mutant shows enhanced spontaneous lesion formation Arabidopsis thaliana
chlorogenic acid functions as anti-fungal agent
low chlorogenic acid in greenhouse may be because it is induced by pathogens that were absent in greenhouse
Pep13 (50 pM) spurs furanocoumarin synthesis and secretion Petroselinum crispum
complemented lines are restored for pathogen resistance phenotypes Arabidopsis thaliana
(FOC, MIR160, MIR160A, AT2G39175) represents positive regulators of resistance Oryza sativa
altered basal expression of defense response genes in ANP mutants is specific effect of lack of ANP function Arabidopsis thaliana
Pep13 provokes furanocoumarin secretion Petroselinum crispum
defense-responsive genes includes OsMPK6 Oryza sativa
(FER, AT3G51550) transient expression causes cell death and autofluorescence Nicotiana benthamiana
OsKS4 and OsNAC4 expression was significantly enhanced in (MIR398B, AT5G14545) transgenic line Oryza sativa
callose deposition strengthens plant cell wall
mitogen-activated protein kinase gene PILA_16422 is involved in defense response
(FOC, MIR160, MIR160A, AT2G39175) overexpression transgenic lines show significantly reduced spore number and relative fungal mass Oryza sativa
ANP subfamily of MAP3K (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase) play negative role on basal expression of defense response genes Arabidopsis thaliana
changes in hormone homeostasis in tomato plants were noticeable as early as at 1 day post-inoculation (dpi) Solanum lycopersicum
IRBLkm-Ts and IRBLz5-CA display resistant phenotypes Oryza sativa
miR827 is negative regulator of rice resistance Oryza sativa
invasive hyphae were hardly observed on both transgenic plants until 36 hpi Magnaporthe oryzae
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was accumulated around the appressorium in leaf cells of (FOC, MIR160, MIR160A, AT2G39175) and (MIR398B, AT5G14545) overexpression transgenic lines at 2 dpi Oryza sativa
defense-responsive genes includes OsWRKY13 Oryza sativa
defense-responsive genes includes GH3-8 Oryza sativa
(ATWRKY7, WRKY7, AT4G24240) loss-of-function mutants exhibit enhanced resistance to virulent strain of bacteria Arabidopsis thaliana
(XLG2, AT4G34390) overexpression lines showed no significant difference in expression patterns of PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 1 (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610)
93 up-regulated genes are associated with defense response to fungus Arabidopsis thaliana
IRBLz5-CA shows high levels of H2O2 accumulation around appressoria at 2 dpi Oryza sativa
ssi2-2 mutant shows elevated levels of (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) transcripts Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATWRKY7, WRKY7, AT4G24240) overexpression exhibit enhanced susceptibility to bacterial pathogens Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATWRKY7, WRKY7, AT4G24240) overexpression is concomitant with reduction in expression of defense-related genes Arabidopsis thaliana
(ANP1, MAPKKK1, NP1, AT1G09000) (ANP3, AtANP3, MAPKKK12, NP3, AT3G06030) double mutant shows lower expression of defense response genes in response to elf18 Arabidopsis thaliana
(CAMTA3, SR1, AT2G22300) mutants show increased expression of defense-related genes Arabidopsis thaliana
flavan-3-ols could affect growth of C. polonica by inhibiting melanin biosynthesis Ceratocystis polonica
reverse-genetic approach targeting (PAT24, TIP1, AT5G20350) ;1 (transposon-mediated knock out in Arabidopsis) made more susceptible to infection Arabidopsis thaliana
phloem parenchyma cells in Norway spruce bark accumulated phenolics in response to infection by C. polonica Picea abies
IRBLkm-Ts and IRBLz5-CA show significantly increased transcripts of five defense-related genes Oryza sativa
miRNA s of class 2 should play negative roles in rice resistance Oryza sativa
miR396 is negative regulator of rice resistance Oryza sativa
rapid and localized induction of sink metabolism within source leaf satisfies increased demand for energy for activation of cascade of defense reactions Arabidopsis thaliana
flg22 treatment significantly increases (CHR3, SYD, AT2G28290) expression levels Arabidopsis thaliana
biochemical immune response of maize may increase phytoanticipin and phytoalexin biosynthesis Zea mays
PAs are likely involved in tree's defensive response Picea spp.
triple mutant shows severely impaired expression of defense response genes induced by elf18 Arabidopsis thaliana
wild-type plant shows substantial and rapid increase in (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) protein induction in response to exogenous application of JA Oryza sativa
exogenous t18:0 in (HWI1, PDLP5, AT1G70690) plants was not associated with enhanced pathogen resistance Arabidopsis thaliana
chitinases target fungal cell-wall constituents
WRKY genes were over-represented among DYGs from clusters 3, 4 and 6 in resistant accessions Brachipodium distachyon
W-box genes enrichment patterns differed between resistant and susceptible accessions Brachipodium distachyon
(AUR3, BRU6, GH3-2, GH3.2, YDK1, AT4G37390) overexpression enhances resistance to BLS
bls1 controls resistance to BLS
(GAMMA-TIP, GAMMA-TIP1, TIP1;1, AT2G36830) was up-regulated upon Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) infection Solanum lycopersicum
early induction of (ATL31, CNI1, AT5G27420) transcripts by chitin Arabidopsis thaliana
OsPR1, OsPR10, Oryza sativa probenazole-inducible1, and OsKS4 are induced earlier and to greater amplitude in IRBLkm-Ts than in IRBLz5-CA Oryza sativa
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulated at high levels in leaf cells beneath the appressoria in (FOC, MIR160, MIR160A, AT2G39175) and (MIR398B, AT5G14545) overexpression lines at 10 dpi Oryza sativa
H2O2 production would trigger activation of defense mechanisms Nicotiana tabacum
methyl jasmonate induces synthesis of defensive PIs in nearby plants Solanum lycopersicum
genes induced in 1O2-overproducing flu mutant have greater overlap with genes induced during biotic infection than overlap between flu and abiotic stresses Arabidopsis thaliana
higher yield in field of TMEB419 is likely due to capability to accumulate chlorogenic acid
sulfur (S)-deficiency activates defense response through oxidative stress Arabidopsis thaliana
high elicitor concentrations trigger massive down-regulation of translatable mRNAs
PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 4;1 (PHT4;1) is critical for basal defense Arabidopsis thaliana
1,8-cineole emission from pistils may be necessary for defending pathogens
AevPAL1 expression is induced by cereal cyst nematode (CCN) infection Aegilops variabilis
suberin protects plant from pathogen invasion
post-translational de-repression of invertase activity provides regulatory mechanism for rapid and localized induction of sink metabolism Arabidopsis thaliana
jasmonic acid (JA) is defense hormone
t18:0-mediated upregulation of PD-localizing protein (PDLP) 5 supports a role for local resistance Arabidopsis thaliana
GO analysis on regulatory genes highlighted enrichment of genes encoding calmodulin-binding protein Chrysanthemum morifolium
Pseudomonas syringae infection induces expression of PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 2 (AtBG2, AtPR2, BG2, BGL2, GNS2, PR-2, PR2, AT3G57260) Arabidopsis thaliana
wild-type plant has higher basal levels of (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) proteins
accelerated cell death 6-1 (acd6-1) mutant shows constitutive defense Arabidopsis thaliana
BdWRKY38, BdWRKY44 and BdWRKY76 were upregulated within 8 hpi in Bd3-1 and Tek-3 Brachipodium distachyon
gene ontology analysis indicated biological processes involved in defense responses
flg22 induces defense-responsive genes Arabidopsis thaliana
flavonols and anthocyanins contribute to antibiotic activities Salvia miltiorrhiza
hydroxycinnamic acids are known for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities
cpr6 mutant is constitutive expresser of pathogenesis-related proteins
high elicitor concentrations trigger additional defense response
PR1b is induced by blast fungus infection
putative WRKY-dependent defense genes are induced faster in resistant accessions than in Bd21 Brachypodium distachyon
flavonoids can play antimicrobial role
Heat shock protein 90 (AtHsp90-7, AtHsp90.7, HSP90, HSP90.7, SHD, AT4G24190) is required for plant disease resistance
jasmonic acid (JA) confers resistance to necrotrophs Oryza sativa
defense-related genes is a functional category represented among loss-of-regulation genes
extracellular cleavage of sucrose is expected to result in induction of defense responses
accumulation of chlorogenic acid is specific target trait for future improvement of this important crop species
hydrolytic activity may also release MAMP molecules
HDMBOA-Glc is considered as phytoanticipins Zea mays
salicylic acid (SA) plays a vital role in combating pathogens in plants
PR1a and PBZ1 expression is significantly higher in (ELL1, FK, HYD2, AT3G52940) mutant Oryza sativa
nitric oxide–mediated inhibition of HDACs increased acetylation in genes involved in plant defense, including several SA defense genes
(AtBG2, AtPR2, BG2, BGL2, GNS2, PR-2, PR2, AT3G57260) expression is similar between acarbose-treated and untreated leaves Arabidopsis thaliana
genes containing the W-box (TTGAC/T) in their promoter regions have enrichment patterns that corresponded to enrichment patterns of defense genes Brachipodium distachyon
α-tomatine is toxic to fungi, insects and animal cells
plant secondary metabolites are differentially modulated in presence of mycotoxins
initial transient cell wall-bound invertase (cwInv) activity peak within first 4 h supports activation of pre-existing cwInv upon pathogen infection Nicotiana tabacum
defense-associated GO terms were enriched at later stages in Bd21 Brachipodium distachyon
abscisic acid (ABA) impact on plant defense seems to be specific to plant–pathogen interaction Oryza sativa
autophosphorylated XA21 JM domain binds and phosphorylates OsWRKY62 in the cytoplasm Oryza sativa
eight probes whose expression was down-regulated by both stress treatments but not from stages S0 to S2 included gibberellin (GA)-regulated protein and defence response protein and S-adenosyl-L-methionine:jasmonic acid (SAM:JA) carboxyl methyltransferase
PR defence proteins typically begin to accumulate later Solanum lycopersicum
prevention of chitin recognition by the plants prevents effective antifungal response
Arabidopsis gene encoding (IGPS, AT2G04400) of tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis is regulated in seeds and seedlings by various defense mechanisms Arabidopsis thaliana
PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 4;1 (PHT4;1) contributes to SID2-independent pathway Arabidopsis thaliana
enrichment patterns of WRKY genes were clearly correlated with enrichment patterns of defense genes Brachipodium distachyon
MA_10002g002 (PILA_30970 ortholog) was overexpressed in tissues responding to pests or pathogens such as adelgid-infected needles Picea abies
rapid and targeted reprogramming of cellular defense responses enables resistance to disease development Chrysanthemum morifolium
Production of defense compounds (volatiles) contributes to plant immunity Chrysanthemum morifolium
rice phytochromes clearly up-regulate basal transcript levels of (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) genes Oryza sativa
H2O2 production triggering activation of defense mechanisms Nicotiana tabacum
all three accessions clearly switched their sets of abundantly expressed genes at 8 hpi Brachipodium distachyon
cryptogein induces hypersensitive response (HR) Nicotiana tabacum
genes with loss of regulation in coi1-16 during long-term K-starvation include plant defensin protein (PDF1.3, AT2G26010) Arabidopsis thaliana
cell wall-bound invertase (cwInv) rapidly increases in biphasic manner during incompatible interaction with Phytophthora nicotianae Nicotiana tabacum
pht4;1-1 mutant is not susceptible to avirulent Pseudomonas syringae strains Arabidopsis thaliana
suppressor screen was used to discover novel defense genes Arabidopsis thaliana
zf-C3HC4 gene family is involved in defense response
Similar responses towards phytopathogens are known from gymnosperms
BnaNAC60ΔTM overexpression significantly induced expression of BnaPR2 Brassica napus
differential histone peaks are associated with plant defense genes Oryza sativa
capability of TMEB419 to accumulate chlorogenic acid in photosynthetic tissues renders it more resistant to pathogen attack
DON differentially modulates plant secondary metabolites
OsMPK6 (LOC_Os10g38950) overexpression enhances resistance to BLS
boosted JA and SA pathways occurs during infection of Botrytis cinerea Lilium
wild-type plant has higher basal transcript levels of PR1b
DHS-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production is associated with basal cell defense mechanisms Nicotiana tabacum
pht4;1-1 partially suppresses acd6-1 expression of PATHOGENESIS RELATED 1 (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) Arabidopsis thaliana
phenylalanine (Phe)-induced resistance is associated to cell priming Chrysanthemum morifolium
kelch motif-containing (ACBP4, AtACBP4, AT3G05420) is related to AtEBP-mediated defense by regulating expression of genes Arabidopsis thaliana
HDA9-HOS15 interaction regulates nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) gene expression
mutants for the (AtSRT2, SRT2, AT5G09230) deacetylase showed increased (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) expression
methyltransferases (ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) and (ATXR7, SDG25, AT5G42400) have been implicated in systemic acquired resistance against bacterial and fungal pathogens
increased SA signaling makes plants more resistant to biotrophic pathogens
OsPSKR1 overexpression enhances resistance to BLS
maize proteins are constitutively expressed and have a role as first line of defense against aflatoxin Zea mays
14-3-3 proteins play regulatory roles in defense mechanisms Triticum aestivum
ethylene signaling via (ATEIN2, CKR1, EIN2, ERA3, ORE2, ORE3, PIR2, AT5G03280) increases resistance against nematode infection Arabidopsis thaliana
calcium signaling elicits defense priming through transcriptional changes
phosphorylated XA21 JM domain mediates association with OsWRKY62 Oryza sativa
bacterial flagellin peptide flg22 elicits stronger response than oligogalacturonides (OGs) Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATWRKY29, WRKY29, AT4G23550) is early response gene Arabidopsis thaliana
Botrytis cinerea inoculation up-regulates 241 of the 365 genes Arabidopsis thaliana
rice RLCK homologs of Arabidopsis (CRCK1, AT5G58940) (CDG1, AT3G26940) and (PBS1, AT5G13160) showed up-regulation during biotic stresses Oryza sativa japonica
defense-related genes is not represented among gain-of-regulation genes
pathogen attack represses invertase inhibitor activity Arabidopsis thaliana
plant cells respond to biotic changes such as presence of predators or pathogens
PR1b is induced by salicylic acid (SA) exposure
diphenyleniodonium (DPI) inhibits DHS-induced defense-related gene expression Nicotiana tabacum
defense-associated GO terms were significantly enriched in clusters 3 and 4 in Bd3-1 and Tek-3 Brachipodium distachyon
autophagy-related genes (ATGs) are involved in plant disease resistance against bacterial and fungal pathogen infection
676 genes marked by hypomethylated CHG differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were enriched for GO terms defense response, cytokinin biosynthetic process, recognition of pollen, plasmodesma and ATP binding Solanum lycopersicum
supply of additional serotonin weakened brown planthopper (BPH) resistance Oryza sativa
silencing of the HDT 701 caused resistant phenotype to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Oryza sativa
ascorbate-deficient mutants have increased transcript level of genes encoding PR proteins Arabidopsis thaliana
HAMP-elicited ET emission precedes significant VOC emission Zea mays
(CRK4, AT3G45860) (CRK6, AT4G23140) and (CRK36, AT4G04490) overexpression leads to constitutive defenses gene expression Arabidopsis thaliana
SA catabolism by hydroxylation is further activated in response to pathogens Arabidopsis thaliana
(UGT71C3, AT1G07260) knockout was associated with increased pathogen resistance Arabidopsis thaliana
(BGT, GCN5, HAC3, HAG01, HAG1, HAT1, AT3G54610) (histone acetyltransferase) regulated SA-mediated defense genes Arabidopsis thaliana
methyltransferases (ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) and (ATXR7, SDG25, AT5G42400) have been implicated in PTI (pattern-triggered immunity)
MORC binding to transposable elements influences expression of transposable elements and proximal genes following pathogen infection Arabidopsis thaliana
CNGC2-dependent Ca2+ current directly links to NO production Arabidopsis thaliana
Pseudomonas syringae infection induces expression of PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 1 (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) Arabidopsis thaliana
wild-type plant shows substantial and rapid increase in (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) protein induction in response to Magnaporthe grisea infection Oryza sativa
wild-type plant has higher basal transcript levels of PR1a
phenylalanine (Phe) pre-treatment reduces susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea Chrysanthemum morifolium
elongator complex subunits ELONGATOR PROTEIN2 (AtELP2, ELP2, AT1G49540) and (AtELP3, EAST1, ELO3, ELP3, HAC8, HAG3, AT5G50320) have been involved in basal defense response
histone deacetylases (HDACs) are negative regulators of SA-mediated defense response
(MIR773, MIR773A, AT1G35501) participates in resistance against fungal pathogens Arabidopsis thaliana
SADR1 was required to express PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENE 1 (PR-1)
ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN6 loss of function enhanced basal resistance and ETI Arabidopsis thaliana
dpy mutant shows enhanced proteinase inhibitor expression Solanum lycopersicum
remodeling of membrane lipids is caused by insect attacks
Arabidopsis (AtMORC1, CRT1, MORC1, AT4G36290) /2 mutants infected with Pst showed enriched proportion of differential DNase hypersensitive sites at transposable elements (TEs) Arabidopsis thaliana
failure to adapt is often detrimental and ultimately perturbs defense processes
(AtGH3.12, GDG1, GH3.12, PBS3, WIN3, AT5G13320) mutant background introgression into s3h/s5h double mutant reduced primed pathogen resistance Arabidopsis thaliana
(UGT71C3, AT1G07260) knockout was associated with increased SA accumulation following pathogen inoculation Arabidopsis thaliana
(ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) and (ATXR7, SDG25, AT5G42400) single and double mutants displayed increased susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae (Pst)
can-miRn37a acts against infection of Colletotrichum truncatum Capsicum annuum
Xo1 resistance gene is required for host resistance to BLS
(ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) and (ATXR7, SDG25, AT5G42400) single and double mutants show increased susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae (Pst)
(CHR3, SYD, AT2G28290) (SPLAYED) was not required in defense against Pseudomonas syringae (Pst) Arabidopsis thaliana
modulating the expression of defense-related genes can increase rice resistance to BLS
salicylic acid (SA) plays an important role in cereal cyst nematode (CCN) resistance Aegilops variabilis
BnaNAC60ΔTM overexpression induced expression of BnaHIN1 Brassica napus
multiple classes of chitinases are likely involved in pathogenic response Caryophyllales
(GH3.5, WES1, AT4G27260) knockout plants showed partially attenuated basal resistance responses Arabidopsis thaliana
phyAphyBphyC mutant has lower basal levels of (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) proteins
guanine nucleotide-binding protein gene PILA_15748 is involved in defense response
defense response-related GO terms were enriched, presumably to allow needles to withstand abiotic and biotic stresses Picea abies
functional knockout of (UGT76B1, AT3G11340) is associated with elevated expression of defense-related genes Arabidopsis thaliana
MICROCHORDIA (MORC) proteins modulate plant immune responses by binding to transposable elements (TEs) Arabidopsis thaliana
methyltransferases (ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) and (ATXR7, SDG25, AT5G42400) have been implicated in ETI (effector-triggered immunity)
(ATWRKY48, WRKY48, AT5G49520) overexpression blocks PR gene expression Arabidopsis thaliana
chitosan treatment slightly increased total peroxidase activities of membrane fraction Zea mays
systemic responses reduce impact of fungal infections Hordeum vulgare
pollination-induced defence response is precautionary mechanism Zea mays
defense-related biological processes include oxidation-reduction process, response to other organism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthetic process Manihot esculenta
downregulated genes in both accessions encoded defense-related pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins Noccaea caerulescens
autophosphorylated XA21 is translocated to nucleus Oryza sativa
flg22 treatment induces GUS expression in PR1::GUS reporter line adult plant leaves
pht4;1-1 partially suppresses constitutive defense in acd6-1 Arabidopsis thaliana
pathogen inoculation induces accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) Oryza sativa
gibberellins (GAs) exhibit negative effect on basal disease resistance
flg22 induces enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea Arabidopsis thaliana
Phytophthora infestans inoculation up-regulates 273 of the 365 genes Arabidopsis thaliana
(BAL, SNC1, AT4G16890) is constitutively active R gene
immediate reduction of the carbon supply to attacked roots may slow down development of the pathogen Hordeum vulgare
ascorbate plays a role in pathogen defence responses Arabidopsis thaliana
UV-C treatment does not increase (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) transcript level relative to control in wild-type, (CYT1, EMB101, GMP1, SOZ1, VTC1, AT2G39770) and vtc2-1 Arabidopsis thaliana
CH3 expression increases 8-fold in groat-sized berries at stage 73 following UV-C exposure
MICROCHORDIA (MORC) proteins regulate chromatin accessibility during plant-pathogen interaction Arabidopsis thaliana
severely stunted imp-α1 imp-α2 mos6-4 triple-mutant did not show constitutive expression of defense marker genes (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) and (AtBG2, AtPR2, BG2, BGL2, GNS2, PR-2, PR2, AT3G57260) Arabidopsis thaliana
SA from SABP2 perception of MeSA leads to NAC2-mediated defense and priming against aphid attack
flg22 induces high-level accumulation of (CYP81F2, AT5G57220) transcript Arabidopsis thaliana
peroxisomes have important functions in specific defence mechanisms
phosphorylated OsWRKY62 translocates to nucleus Oryza sativa
constitutive expression of OsWRKY62.1 suppresses defense-related gene expression Oryza sativa
(CPR1, CPR30, AT4G12560) (ATMPK4, MAPK4, MPK4, AT4G01370) (BON, BON1, CPN1, AT5G61900) mutants reduce growth
R proteins change conformation enables novel intra-molecular interactions
strong ROS release has been suggested to play a role in protecting emerging seedling against pathogen attack Raphanus sativus; Pisum sativum
plugging and isolating effect of callose could protect young endosperm against invading pathogens Hordeum vulgare
mha1 single mutants show small change in MAPK activation Arabidopsis thaliana
mha1 single mutants show no change in Pst DC3000 growth Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae
change in salicylic acid (SA) content contributed to cereal cyst nematode (CCN) resistance Aegilops variabilis
mutants for the (AtSRT2, SRT2, AT5G09230) deacetylase showed resistance to Pseudomonas syringae (Pst) infection
Colletotrichum higginianum is targeted by (MIR773, MIR773A, AT1G35501) Arabidopsis thaliana
caterpillar development with feeding on InsP5-ptase plants was significantly faster than that on wild-type plants Arabidopsis thaliana
Clade 34 is enriched with biotic stress-responsive genes Oryza sativa japonica
Fusarium graminearum infection or jasmonic acid treatment suggests resources from the shoot are rapidly reallocated to a less stress-exposed portion of the root system as part of an active first line of defence Hordeum vulgare
EV plants elicited by wounding and OS and infected by a virulent strain of P. syringae show negative effect on bolting time, opening of the first bud, and number of OBs and OCFs per plant Nicotiana attenuata
increased growth rate of caterpillars feeding on InsP5-ptase plants compared to that of those feeding on wild-type plants indicates ecophysiological relevance of phosphoinositide signals in the mediation of wound-induced defense mechanisms of plants Arabidopsis thaliana
wall-associated kinases are down-regulated in OMTN overexpressors Oryza sativa
cell wall attack by hydrolytic enzymes might cause activation of gene expression Arabidopsis thaliana
bacterial exoproducts are key components of elicitation of plant defences Hordeum vulgare
systemic induction of plant defences is sufficient to protect plant Hordeum vulgare
Xoo inoculation induces expression of PBZ1 Oryza sativa
flg22 induces high-level accumulation of (ATWRKY40, WRKY40, AT1G80840) transcript Arabidopsis thaliana
OsPUB23 had similar expression in resistant and susceptible plants Oryza sativa
soil drench treatment with beta-aminobutyric acid (BABA) provides long-term protection against necrotrophic fungi Arabidopsis thaliana
early fungal stress results in up-regulation of defence-related genes Hordeum vulgare
barley responds rapidly to the presence of pathogens by shutting down the carbon supply to infected roots Hordeum vulgare
activated R proteins may be able to interact with nuclear transcription factors
1692 significant DEGs observed following ZmPep3 treatment provide comprehensive view of early defense-related changes at the transcriptome level Zea mays
(AtHDA9, AtHDAC9, HDA09, HDA9, HDAC9, AT3G44680) (HOS15, OLI1, AT5G67320) double mutants show enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae (Pst)
OsWRKY62 may transduce defense response mediated by other non-RD RLKs Oryza sativa
(ATWRKY40, WRKY40, AT1G80840) is early response gene Arabidopsis thaliana
flg22 induces high-level accumulation of FAD-linked oxidase transcript Arabidopsis thaliana
threshold level of R protein abundance in the nucleus may be required to initiate effective induction of defense responses
Barth et al. (2004) found that PR proteins were not more highly expressed in vtc1-1 than in the wild type Arabidopsis thaliana
vtc2-1 mutant has significantly higher endochitinase transcript level than wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
phosphoinositide signals are of similar importance for the defensive capability of Arabidopsis leaves against herbivory as jasmonic acid (JA) Arabidopsis thaliana
N-terminal region of OsWRKY62.1 protein may regulate OsWRKY62.1 function in defense response Oryza sativa
autophosphorylated XA21 in the nucleus associates with OsWRKY62 Oryza sativa
truncated form of XA21 in the nucleus directly associates with OsWRKY62 Oryza sativa
Eui overexpressor enhanced PR1a induction Oryza sativa
SA binding protein 2 (SABP2) demethylation of MeSA induces systemic acquired resistance to herbivory and pathogens
OsWRKY62.1 overexpression suppresses expression of Betv1 Oryza sativa
OsWRKY62.1 overexpression exhibits enhanced susceptibility phenotype Oryza sativa
reduced JA level might partially be attributed to enhanced disease susceptibility
oligogalacturonic acids (OGs) induces enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea Arabidopsis thaliana
elicitors induced peroxidases Zea mays
treatment-associated negative effects are independent of NaHD20 expression Nicotiana attenuata
Chit1b shows low induction of 6- to 8-fold in flowers and berries at fruit set following UV-C exposure
jai1-1 mutant shows opposite phenotype to dpy mutant in proteinase inhibitor expression Solanum lycopersicum
artificially manipulating the expression of defense-related genes can increase resistance of rice to BLS Oryza sativa
PR genes (PR10, PR1a, PBZ1) have upregulated expression in (ELL1, FK, HYD2, AT3G52940) mutant Oryza sativa
resistance phenotypes of plants with altered (GH3.5, WES1, AT4G27260) expression are not attributable to specific immune function of SA-Asp Arabidopsis thaliana
laticifers function in defense
leaf epidermis protects against pathogen attack
OsWRKY62 may have function downstream of Xa26 Oryza sativa
AP2-containing is pathogen-responsive in wild-type plants Oryza sativa
PR proteins induced by GA differ from PR proteins induced by salicylic acid Solanum lycopersicum
infection led to expected increase in salicylic acid (SA) levels Solanum lycopersicum
cytokinins interact with pathogenesis-related protein PR10 Zea mays
mycotoxins may act as alert system for maize plantlets Zea mays
(ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) and (ATXR7, SDG25, AT5G42400) single and double mutants displayed increased susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea
activation of MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 6 (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) and MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3 (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) can positively regulate expression of PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 2 (AtBG2, AtPR2, BG2, BGL2, GNS2, PR-2, PR2, AT3G57260) Arabidopsis thaliana
Expression of several PR protein genes was strongly (and constitutively) upregulated in HGLs when compared with WT
induction of PR protein gene expression in WT was stronger after challenge with non-adapted pathovar Psm compared with adapted pathovar Pst
reduction in both JA and phosphoinositide concentrations show reduced growth of herbivorous caterpillars Arabidopsis thaliana
rice NRR negatively regulates Xa21-mediated resistance to Xoo Oryza sativa
OsWRKY62.1 overexpression enhances susceptibility to Xoo pathogens Oryza sativa
OGs elicits response that diminishes more rapidly than flg22 Arabidopsis thaliana
glycosyltransferases are induced in salicylic acid (SA)-dependent way Solanum lycopersicum
Pseudomonads can reduce plant infection by activating plants defences Hordeum vulgare
elicitor- and wound-induced proteins included in stress response functions gene category Mesembryanthemum crystallinum
virus infection can induce expression of HSP70s localized in cytosol Solanum tuberosum
vtc2-1 mutant has very low (ATGSTF5, ATGSTF8, GST6, GSTF8, AT2G47730) transcript level Arabidopsis thaliana
genes from NAC family participate in defence
pathogen infection response involve PR proteins Vitis vinifera
pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins accumulate in xylem sap of infected plants Solanum lycopersicum; Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici
virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato attack up-regulates 188 of the 365 genes Arabidopsis thaliana
treatment-associated negative effects in NaHD20 -silenced plants are proportional to the levels observed in EV plants under the same conditions Nicotiana attenuata
lack of both the basic salicylic acid (SA) level and its increase is the most probable reason for observed quantitative differences in the NahG response to PVY Solanum tuberosum
GO term 'response to chitin' is significantly enriched in downregulated genes in spines of 1.6cm fruit Cucumis sativus
phenylpropanoids play major role as defensive compounds
mos6-1 (BAL, SNC1, AT4G16890) double mutant had intermediate disease symptoms and about an 8-fold higher titer of bacteria than (BAL, SNC1, AT4G16890) Arabidopsis thaliana
genes induced by acetic acid show minimal overlap with genes induced by biotic stress Arabidopsis thaliana
reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation occurs during biotic stress Solanum tuberosum
vtc2-1 + BSO treated seedlings have very low (ATGSTF5, ATGSTF8, GST6, GSTF8, AT2G47730) transcript level compared to wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
vtc2-2 mutant has significantly higher endochitinase transcript level than wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
(CYT1, EMB101, GMP1, SOZ1, VTC1, AT2G39770) mutant has significantly higher (AtBG2, AtPR2, BG2, BGL2, GNS2, PR-2, PR2, AT3G57260) transcript level than wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATECS1, AtGSH1, CAD2, GSH1, GSHA, PAD2, RAX1, RML1, AT4G23100) mutant does not show visible camalexin spot without silver nitrate induction Arabidopsis thaliana
Capsella rubella show resistance to stomatal invasion by Pto Capsella rubella
(ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) targets genes involved in defense response Arabidopsis thaliana
furanocoumarins are natural compounds with potent allochemical functions because of severe cellular toxicity
(ATECS1, AtGSH1, CAD2, GSH1, GSHA, PAD2, RAX1, RML1, AT4G23100) mutant does not have significantly higher endochitinase transcript level than wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
salicylic acid (SA) treatment increases endochitinase transcript level in vtc mutants and (ATECS1, AtGSH1, CAD2, GSH1, GSHA, PAD2, RAX1, RML1, AT4G23100) mutants Arabidopsis thaliana
expression of defence-related genes (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) and (LCR77, PDF1.2, PDF1.2A, AT5G44420) was not induced by Thaxtomin A (TXT) Arabidopsis thaliana
UV-C treatment does not increase (ATGSTF5, ATGSTF8, GST6, GSTF8, AT2G47730) transcript level in vtc and (ATECS1, AtGSH1, CAD2, GSH1, GSHA, PAD2, RAX1, RML1, AT4G23100) mutants Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATPAL1, PAL1, AT2G37040) is known to participate in induction of defence Arabidopsis thaliana
large population of rice FOX Arabidopsis lines was constructed and observed at multiple view-points including pathogen resistance Oryza sativa; Arabidopsis thaliana
osmotin, PR10, chitinase, tumour-related protein, and legumin genes are involved in general defence mechanisms Vitis vinifera
UV-C treatment increases endochitinase transcript level in all strains Arabidopsis thaliana
camalexin is induced by pathogens Arabidopsis thaliana
leaf blade infiltrated with ergosterol by syringe induces fluorescence in infiltration areas Beta vulgaris
CYP82H1 gene is probably involved in defence response Vitis vinifera
β-1,3-glucanase gene encodes β-1,3-glucanase Vitis vinifera
flg22-regulated genes in roots participate in signalling and defence pathways Arabidopsis thaliana
results showed that elevated cell wall peroxidase activity, increased transcript level of PR proteins, and accumulation of camalexin were found in the vtc mutants Arabidopsis thaliana
ascorbate treatment increases (AtBG2, AtPR2, BG2, BGL2, GNS2, PR-2, PR2, AT3G57260) transcript level in vtc2-1 and (ATECS1, AtGSH1, CAD2, GSH1, GSHA, PAD2, RAX1, RML1, AT4G23100) Arabidopsis thaliana
recognition of an invading pathogen results in reprogramming of gene expression Solanum tuberosum
Rywal transcriptome response shows abundance and continuity at first two time points Solanum tuberosum
Ntann12 is induced by infection with Rhodococcus fascians Nicotiana tabacum
camalexin is induced by oxidative stress Arabidopsis thaliana
(Z)-3-hexenyl β-vicianoside is active defense compound Solanum lycopersicum
activation of a senescence program may constitute an important component of defense by reducing nutrient availability to pathogens
plant cell walls protects against pathogens
immediate reduction of the carbon supply to attacked roots may slow down pathogen development until PR genes are expressed Hordeum vulgare
OsWRKY62.2 overexpression produces no clear phenotypic change in transgenic rice plants Oryza sativa
flg22 activates transcriptional response Arabidopsis thaliana
L-glutamine treatment reduces BABA-induced resistance to virulent bacteria Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 Arabidopsis thaliana
identification of (ATIMPALPHA3, IMPA-3, MOS6, AT4G02150) as a suppressor of (BAL, SNC1, AT4G16890) resistance and (MOS3, NUP96, PRE, SAR3, AT1G80680) as a nucleoporin 96 homolog highlights the significance of nucleo-cytoplasmic trafficking in plant immunity Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATPAL1, PAL1, AT2G37040) modulates synthesis of defence related-compounds such as phytoalexins Arabidopsis thaliana
salicylic acid (SA) treatment significantly increases (AtCAPE9, ATPR1, PR 1, PR1, AT2G14610) transcript level in all strains Arabidopsis thaliana
NO is generated in response to pathogen attack
silver nitrate treatment induces camalexin accumulation in all wild-type, vtc mutants, and (ATECS1, AtGSH1, CAD2, GSH1, GSHA, PAD2, RAX1, RML1, AT4G23100) Arabidopsis thaliana
cytochrome p450 genes in maize encode defense compound 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA)
WT or complemented strain (ΔBg_9562 + Bg_9562) infiltrated at 10^7 CFU ml^−1 induces defense genes expression Solanum lycopersicum
plants use chitinases
976 genes were upregulated in WT1-3 after C. heterostrophus infection Zea mays
Xanthomonas oryzae pv Oryzae (Xoo) infection induces expression of OsICS1 Oryza sativa
pTRV:0 infiltrated OE lines exhibit enhanced expression of defense genes Solanum lycopersicum
(SLG1, AT5G08490) expression in leaves is induced following spider mite feeding Solanum lycopersicum
chloroplasts act as primary producers of salicylic acid (SA)
OE lines show enhanced expression of defense marker genes Solanum lycopersicum
endogenous resistance protein in Nicotiana species does not require (EVR, SOBIR1, AT2G31880) for transducing defence response signals following apoplastic effector recognition Nicotiana species
chitinase was induced by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)
(ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) target genes are collectively involved in defense responses Arabidopsis thaliana
ethylene (ET) signaling pathway is involved in plant defense against microbial attack
prolonged chilling temperatures may program pre-emptive defense strategy Arabidopsis thaliana
vtc2-2 mutant does not have significantly higher (AtBG2, AtPR2, BG2, BGL2, GNS2, PR-2, PR2, AT3G57260) transcript level than wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
deflagellation event triggered by orfamide A may represent active defense mechanism of algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
CHUP1-mediated anchoring is important for epidermal chloroplast dynamics during immunity (ECD)
(ATCNGC2, CNGC2, DND1, AT5G15410) mutant displays autoinduction of PR-1 gene expression Arabidopsis thaliana
cngc2-3 mutant has significantly higher PR-1 transcript levels compared to Columbia wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
j1256 plants have increased resistance to B. cinerea Arabidopsis thaliana
Ecp2-1 effector from Fulvia fulva triggered cell death in several Nicotiana species Nicotiana species; Fulvia fulva
(BAL, SNC1, AT4G16890) mutant accumulates high levels of salicylic acid (SA) Arabidopsis thaliana
exogenously applied jasmonates enhanced defense
JA-dependent accumulation of phenolics provides anti-herbivore defense
regained infectivity of pel strain in CoAOS plants is explained by differences in pectin composition between WT and CoAOS plants Solanum tuberosum
Pst DC3000 infection induces SUNA1 expression Arabidopsis thaliana
grain mold-tolerant Tx2911 exhibited elevated defensive metabolites Sorghum bicolor
main metabolic changes in ectomycorrhizas and leaves of mycorrhizal plants are related to defense-related compounds
various defense marker genes are significantly upregulated in peptide 1-treated leaves Solanum lycopersicum
osmotic stress or pathogen infection parallels upregulation of (PR-5, PR5, AT1G75040) gene transcript Vitis vinifera
effective response is maintained to 3 days post-inoculation (dpi) Solanum tuberosum
acidic endochitinase precursors are down-regulated in OMTN overexpressors Oryza sativa
viral infection triggers increases in salicylic acid (SA) forms Solanum tuberosum
(ACD6, DEG16, AT4G14400) -2 mutants were hyper-susceptible to Pst DC3000 Arabidopsis thaliana; Pseudomonas syringae
paraquat treatment increases (AtBG2, AtPR2, BG2, BGL2, GNS2, PR-2, PR2, AT3G57260) transcript level in wild-type, vtc2-1, vtc2-2, and (ATECS1, AtGSH1, CAD2, GSH1, GSHA, PAD2, RAX1, RML1, AT4G23100) Arabidopsis thaliana
increase in endogenous levels of salicylic acid (SA) coincides with elevated expression of PR genes Arabidopsis thaliana
activation of MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 6 (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) and MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3 (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) can positively regulate expression of PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 5 (PR-5, PR5, AT1G75040) Arabidopsis thaliana
cluster 5 contains pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins
Cluster 1 contains genes associated with pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins
(RLK, AT5G67280) /Pelle duplicated genes were initially suggested to be those with defence/resistance-related functions
(ABCG36, ATABCG36, ATPDR8, PDR8, PEN3, AT1G59870) and S40A and S825A lines show enhanced vascular penetration of Fo5176 pSIX1::GFP in comparison to WT and agb1-2 Arabidopsis thaliana
(ASHH2, CCR1, CLI186, EFS, LAZ2, SDG8, AT1G77300) target genes are involved in defense response Arabidopsis thaliana
ectopic over-expression of (AtERF98, AtTDR1, ERF98, TDR1, AT3G23230) in Arabidopsis induces tolerance against variety of plant pathogens Arabidopsis thaliana
secreted 8CM participates in signaling of defense responses
hypersensitive response (HR) results in restriction of pathogen growth in planta
stress response/cell death transcripts included 21 genes belonging to the NBS-LRR class of disease resistance proteins Populus tremula × tremuloides
NBS-LRR class of disease resistance proteins are thought to be involved in induction of defense responses, the oxidative burst, Ca 2+ signaling, and induction of the hypersensitive response
Capsicum annuum HYPER-SENSITIVE RESPONSE-RELATED PROTEIN 1 (CaHyPRP1) shows reduced expression during Phytophthora capsici infection Capsicum annuum
snc1-mediated resistance signaling is partly dependent on (ATIMPALPHA3, IMPA-3, MOS6, AT4G02150) Arabidopsis thaliana
HyPRP1 functions independently of cell death-mediated defense pathways
cuticle provides protection against biotic stresses such as pathogens and pests
type III effectors target programmed cell death
accumulation of superoxide radical (O2•–) is possibly a defence mechanism of radicle
mutants with disrupted sphingolipid biosynthetic genes exhibit enhanced SA-dependent cell death
indole-3-carbonyl nitrile has role in defence Arabidopsis thaliana
Plant lipoxygenases (EC 1.13.11.12, FE659078) play roles in conferring resistance against pathogens
osmotin gene expression and protein production are induced in grapevine leaves and berries infected by Erysiphe necator or Phomopsis viticola Vitis vinifera
CYP82H1 gene is expressed more after elicitation by fungal extracts Vitis vinifera
β-1,3-glucanase transcripts are accumulated in susceptible variety 'Gloire de Montpellier' after infection with Plasmopara viticola Vitis vinifera
chloroplast thioredoxin M-type up-regulation suggests plant may efficiently prevent appearance of eutypiosis symptoms Vitis vinifera
genes involved in defence reactions are up-regulated in infected plants with symptoms Vitis vinifera
DR5–GUS expression is reduced by oligogalacturonides Arabidopsis thaliana
basal-level expression of homologous genes encoding defense-related proteins, including TIR-NBS-LRR receptor family genes is higher in Arabidopsis compared with Salicornia parvula Arabidopsis thaliana; Salicornia parvula
(MIR168, MIR168A, AT4G19395) is positive regulator of rice resistance Oryza sativa
LTPs are involved in signalling of defence mechanism of plants against pathogens
pathogenesis-related protein PrP4A was induced by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)
transcripts for PR10 and (ATNPR1, NIM1, NPR1, SAI1, AT1G64280) remained unchanged in HGLs
soybean tandemly repeated protein kinase (PK) genes grouped by associated biological processes using Gene Ontology (GO) categorization most abundant group corresponded to defence responses Glycine max
constitutively active salicylic acid-mediated defense signaling pathway results in increased expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes Arabidopsis thaliana
small non-coding RNAs are integral to defense
(CAMTA3, SR1, AT2G22300) mutants show enhanced spontaneous lesion formation Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATWRKY70, WRKY70, AT3G56400) mutation suppresses down-regulation of (LCR77, PDF1.2, PDF1.2A, AT5G44420) expression
BSCTV infection increased expression of (ATGSTF14, GSTF14, AT1G49860) Arabidopsis thaliana
PnEDS1 participates in salicylic acid signaling pathway Panax notoginseng
THE1-dependent response involves synthesis of defense proteins Arabidopsis thaliana
Induction of wound polymer callose was greater by EPS− mutants of Xcc and Pst compared with wild-types Arabidopsis thaliana
WT shows roughly 1.800-fold enhanced CLX levels compared to non-infected control Arabidopsis thaliana
Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of CaRBP1 in pepper leaves results in defense phenotypes Capsicum annuum
(MIR398B, AT5G14545) is basal response regulator Oryza sativa
(MIR398B, AT5G14545) expression increased over 5- and 8-fold at 12 and 24 hpi in IRBLkm-Ts Oryza sativa
cycam gene product is involved in cellotriose (CT)-induced defense gene activation Arabidopsis thaliana
chloroplasts act as primary producers of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
nonhost response (NHR) invokes early cell response (ECR)
phytoalexins have critical role in disease resistance
Phi treatment at 24 hpa increases expression of thaumatin (PR-5, PR5, AT1G75040) Panicum virgatum
SCF complex may destabilize (VFP4, AT5G28040)
efr-1 mutant (SALK_044334) does not respond to EF-Tu-derived elicitors with induced resistance to Pst DC3000 Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATWRKY52, RRS1, RRS1-R, SLH1, AT5G45260) transgenic lines did not induce (AtBG2, AtPR2, BG2, BGL2, GNS2, PR-2, PR2, AT3G57260) Arabidopsis thaliana