| opm1 opm2 mutant |
exhibit |
reduced homogalacturonan accumulation |
Hordeum vulgare |
| two distinct cell types in barley nucellus |
differ in terms of |
cell wall homogalacturonan accumulation |
Hordeum vulgare |
| Fks1 |
is important for |
fungal cell wall formation |
|
| (AtGH9C2, GH9C2, AT1G64390) |
is downregulated in |
scl28-3 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtGH9C2, GH9C2, AT1G64390) |
is induced rapidly in response to |
(At-SCL28, SCL28, AT5G18810) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CNAG_05312 |
was identified in |
PKA1 protein-induced screening |
Cryptococcus neoformans |
| mutation of a gene encoding trehalose-6-phosphate synthases |
causes |
cell shape deformities |
|
| chitin synthesis family proteins ( (CHS1, AT1G17610) to CHS7) |
function in |
fungal growth |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
| (CHS4, LSD1, AT4G20380) |
is |
membrane protein important in fungal cell wall integrity |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
| Δ (ATBARD1, BARD1, ROW1, AT1G04020) Δ row2 double mutant |
showed extra effect on |
CFW staining and cell wall thickness |
Ustilago maydis |
| plant cell wall |
contains |
glycoproteins |
|
| EXT37 |
is induced rapidly in response to |
(At-SCL28, SCL28, AT5G18810) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Chitin synthases (Chs1–7) |
play important roles in |
cell wall chitin synthesis |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
| (IRX9, AT2G37090) and (IRX14, AT4G36890) homologs |
show considerable diversity between |
(ATGUT1, GUT2, IRX10, AT1G27440) homologs |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Populus trichocarpa; Oryza sativa; Brachypodium distachyon; Physcomitrella patens; Selaginella moellendorffii; Triticum aestivum |
| Δ row2 mutant |
displayed defects in |
cell wall composition |
Ustilago maydis |
| TaGT47_2 |
is |
(ATGUT1, GUT2, IRX10, AT1G27440) homolog |
Triticum aestivum |
| peroxidases |
are involved in |
lignin and suberin formation |
|
| grasses |
synthesize |
cell wall that differs notably from that of nongrasses |
|
| Skewed 5 (SKU5, AT4G12420) |
is |
multi-copper oxidase |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ANAC092, ATNAC2, ATNAC6, NAC2, NAC6, ORE1, AT5G39610) |
plays a role in |
modification of the cell wall |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| callose synthesis |
is subject to the participation of |
actin cytoskeleton |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| EXT37 |
is downregulated in |
scl28-3 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| specific (PMES, AT4G10050) |
are responsible for |
stem strength |
|
| chitin synthesis family proteins ( (CHS1, AT1G17610) to CHS7) |
function in |
conidiation |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
| xyloglucans (XyGs) |
is |
predominant class of hemicellulosic polysaccharides in primary cell walls |
|
| GO term 'cell wall organization or biogenesis' |
is enriched in |
upregulated DEGs at 24 and 48 h |
Schrenkiella parvula |
| Man-1-P guanyltransferase |
is predicted to contribute to |
cell wall structure |
Zea mays |
| relationship between reduced tricarboxylic acid cycle activity and secondary cell wall synthesis inhibition |
in aerial parts of Arabidopsis remains largely |
uncharacterized |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| translational activities |
involve |
factors involved in wall biogenesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| overexpression of PdGATL1.2 |
can compensate most of |
cell wall defects caused by (ATGATL1, GATL1, GLZ1, PARVUS, AT1G19300) mutation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cell wall polysaccharide synthases |
produce products that are |
deposited irreversibly |
|
| cell walls |
are composed of |
hemicelluloses |
|
| chitin and different types of glucans |
are essential to |
cell wall components in pathogenic fungi |
|
| peroxidases |
are involved in |
cross-linking of cell wall components |
|
| N-glycosylation |
is required for |
cellulose biosynthesis |
|
| (ATBARD1, BARD1, ROW1, AT1G04020) and Row2 |
have common functions in |
fungal cell wall remodelling |
Ustilago maydis |
| (APY1, ATAPY1, AT3G04080) (apyrase 1) and (APY2, ATAPY2, AT5G18280) (apyrase 2) in Golgi |
could regulate growth by controlling |
wall polysaccharide synthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATGUT1, GUT2, IRX10, AT1G27440) clade |
is represented in |
phylogenetic trees |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Populus trichocarpa; Oryza sativa; Brachypodium distachyon; Physcomitrella patens; Selaginella moellendorffii; Triticum aestivum |
| mutants of the cellulose synthase-like genes (ATCSLD3, CSLD3, KJK, RHD7, AT3G03050) |
show |
altered cell wall thickness, causing root hair rupture and cytoplasm leaks |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plants expressing ovule-specific pectin methylesterase inhibitor |
exhibit |
reduced homogalacturonan accumulation |
Hordeum vulgare |
| plant-type cell wall organization or biogenesis |
is enriched in |
downregulated genes in (CYP75B1, D501, TT7, AT5G07990) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cellulose |
is |
essential component of plant cell walls |
|
| Fks1 |
is |
membrane protein important in fungal cell wall integrity |
Magnaporthe oryzae |
| rhamnose |
is also found in |
other seagrasses, such as Acrostichumm antarctica and Zostera marina |
Acrostichumm antarctica; Zostera marina |
| down-regulated genes |
are overrepresented in |
cell wall precursor synthesis pathway |
Rorippa amphibia; Rorippa sylvestris |
| xyloglucans (XyGs) |
are not essential for |
cell wall strength and plant growth |
|
| Hemicellulose content in zmbell10-1 |
is slightly but not significantly lower compared to |
WT |
Zea mays L. |
| Δ row2 mutant |
displayed defects in |
cell wall structure |
Ustilago maydis |
| plant hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) |
are |
major structural proteins in cell walls |
|
| cell wall polysaccharide synthesis pathway |
is not upregulated upon |
AMF inoculation in wild rice |
Oryza rufipogon |
| low oxygen levels |
causes repression of |
genes involved in energy-consuming processes such as cell wall biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Oryza sativa; Populus spp. |
| cell wall-related genes in (ANAC092, ATNAC2, ATNAC6, NAC2, NAC6, ORE1, AT5G39610) / mutant |
were highly enriched and up-regulated |
in (ANAC092, ATNAC2, ATNAC6, NAC2, NAC6, ORE1, AT5G39610) / mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis thaliana seed coat mucilage |
is |
powerful model for studying cell wall biosynthesis and polysaccharide interactions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| abscisic acid (ABA) |
inhibits expression of |
genes encoding enzymes of cell-wall biosynthesis |
Medicago truncatula |
| hdg2-2 mutant |
shows |
trichome cell wall abnormalities |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| inflorescence, silique, leaf, and stems |
were used for |
chemical and biochemical studies of the GAUT mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GH16 glucanase |
is involved in |
cell wall modification |
Ustilago maydis |
| extensin-like proteins |
are downregulated in |
(ATNRAMP3, NRAMP3, AT2G23150) (ATNRAMP4, NRAMP4, AT5G67330) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cell wall biosynthesis |
requires |
coordinated action of a large number of enzymes |
|
| families investigated in the present study |
were investigated for |
xyloglucan structure |
|
| SMR1-mediated endoreplication |
might exert effect through |
transcriptional control of cell wall genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Proanthocyanidins (PAs) |
bind to |
cell walls |
|
| Differentially expressed genes in zmbell10-1 |
include genes corresponding to |
cell wall biogenesis |
Zea mays L. |
| WT filaments |
accumulated chitin at |
growing hyphal tip |
Ustilago maydis |
| yeast cell wall |
contains |
branched (1,3;1,6)-β-glucans |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| tip-localized RMD |
determines |
deposition of pectin at tube wall |
Oryza sativa |
| 40 cell wall-related genes |
displayed |
5-fold difference in expression |
Zea mays |
| primary cell wall |
is composed of |
protein |
|
| Arabidopsis seed coat epidermal (SCE) cells |
produce |
minor amounts of cellulose |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genes and enzymes responsible for synthesizing cell wall polysaccharides |
are a major activity in |
plant research |
|
| results |
confirm |
wall phenotypes of (GAUT12, IRX8, LGT6, AT5G54690) mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mur9-1 mutant |
shows decreased |
Fuc |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan |
may be involved in |
organization of cellulose microfibrils, effectively binding cellulose fibers together and assisting in formation of longer microfibril structures |
|
| plant cell walls |
are largely composed of |
pectin |
|
| coexpression analysis |
has been a successful approach to identify |
GTs involved in cellulose and hemicellulose biosynthesis |
|
| HG biosynthesis and methyl-esterification |
take place in |
Golgi apparatus |
|
| (XET, XTH33, AT1G10550) |
endotransglucosylates xyloglucan to fix |
cellulose microfibrils |
Populus trichocarpa |
| (GAUT12, IRX8, LGT6, AT5G54690) mutant |
exhibits significantly and reproducibly different |
cell wall glycosyl residue composition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mutants in the two B clades |
show marked reductions in |
wall GalA content |
|
| gaut mutants |
show altered |
galacturonic acid composition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plant cell walls |
contain |
polysaccharides |
|
| rhamnogalacturonan-II (RG-II) |
contains |
apiosyl (Api) residues |
|
| homogalacturonan (HG) synthesis |
occurs in |
endomembrane system |
|
| (FLA7, AT2G04780) |
likely plays role in |
cell wall function, biosynthesis or structure |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| arabinogalactan protein |
plays a role in |
cell wall structure |
|
| (ATGSL05, ATGSL5, EED3, GSL05, GSL5, PMR4, AT4G03550) |
is essential for |
callose production in trichome |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| xyloglucan-specific galacturonosyltransferase (RHS8, XUT1, AT1G63450) |
shows highly increased abundance in otu5 relative to wild type by |
2.6-fold up-regulation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| xyloglucan labeling |
is observed in |
primary wall |
Populus trichocarpa |
| irx8-1 / gaut12-1 mutant plants |
have reduced |
Xyl content |
|
| down-regulated genes |
GO terms involved in |
cell wall organization, root morphogenesis, and differentiation of trichomes and epidermal cells |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| genes encoding all the enzymes required to produce cell wall monosaccharides |
were detected and expressed at level above |
normalized mean of 1000 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| manipulation of genes expressed in trichomes |
should aid in understanding |
how plant cell walls develop |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis and modification |
were |
decreased in mature (MEX1, RCP1, AT5G17520) leaves |
|
| (XET, XTH33, AT1G10550) signal |
is absent from |
S2 layer |
Populus trichocarpa |
| PdGATL1.1 and PdGATL1.2 |
do not play identical roles in |
cell wall biosynthesis in poplar |
Populus trichocarpa |
| cell walls |
are composed of |
proteins |
|
| other proteins identified in Y2H screening |
could play a role in |
cell wall formation |
Oryza sativa |
| borate cross-linking |
occurs in |
rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) pectin cell wall |
|
| plant cell wall |
contains |
cellulose microfibrils |
|
| ferulic acid (FA) |
is attached to lignin via ether bonds with its hydroxyl group covalently linked to |
lignin monomers |
|
| sterol synthesis inhibitors and mutations in sterol biosynthesis genes |
do not alter |
pectins and hemicelluloses |
|
| collection of gene-edited alleles for HvCslF / H |
represents valuable genetic resource for |
studying barley cell walls |
Hordeum vulgare |
| primary cell wall |
contains |
pectins |
|
| glycosyltransferase encoded by Zm00001d002064 |
is likely involved in |
cell wall biogenesis and organization |
Zea mays |
| flux through myoinositol oxidation pathway |
is differentially regulated in |
climacteric and nonclimacteric fruits |
Solanum lycopersicum; Prunus persica; Capsicum annuum; Fragaria x ananassa |
| yeast cell wall |
is primarily composed of |
(1,3)-β-glucans |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| microtubule coalignment |
relates to |
cellulose deposition |
|
| exo70H4-1 silica phenotype |
is contingent on |
absence of callose synthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| young, elongating vegetative tissues |
accumulate large amounts of |
mixed-linkage glucan (MLG) |
Brachypodium distachyon |
| plant cell wall |
is composed of |
highly hydrated polysaccharide matrix |
|
| (GAUT12, IRX8, LGT6, AT5G54690) |
is also known as |
(GAUT12, IRX8, LGT6, AT5G54690) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (GAUT6, AT1G06780) mutant |
has reduced wall |
GalA |
|
| UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase6 |
is predicted to contribute to |
cell wall structure |
Zea mays |
| (GAUT8, QUA1, AT3G25140) mutant |
exhibits significantly and reproducibly different |
cell wall glycosyl residue composition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| decrease in methyl ester reduction |
is in agreement with hypothesis of |
increase in RG-II found on HG |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mur9-1 mutant |
shows decreased |
Xyl |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (GAUT11, AT1G18580) and (MUCI70, AT1G28240) |
had contrasting effects on |
xylan abundance |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| muci70-1 irx14-1 double mutant |
showed more severe reductions than expected in |
xylan- and pectin-related sugars in total mucilage extracts |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (GAUT12, IRX8, LGT6, AT5G54690) mutants |
show reduction in |
GalA to 82% that of WT in inflorescence |
|
| homogalacturonan (HG) |
is secreted in highly methylesterified form into |
plant cell wall of growing cells |
|
| balance between AI cell growth and progression toward aposporous female gametophyte formation |
needs to be linked to |
secretion of new cell wall components |
Hieracium spp. |
| pectin |
is defined by |
high content of GalA residues connected by α-1,4 linkages |
|
| minor sugars |
are derived primarily from |
hemicelluloses |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| XXXG incorporation |
occurs in |
primary wall |
Populus trichocarpa |
| microsomal membrane protein preparations from qua1-1 stems |
had reduced |
GalAT and xylan synthase activity |
|
| synthesis and modifications of different polymers |
are maintained in |
coordinated fashion |
|
| SP-citrine-COBL10ƊC9 |
may impair |
biochemical function in cell wall formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| prevalence of nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis enzyme transcripts |
ensures |
availability of precursors for production of new cell wall polymers |
Hieracium praealtum |
| (ATRAPTOR1B, RAPTOR1, RAPTOR1B, AT3G08850) lines |
do not show significant changes in |
monosaccharides or crystalline cellulose |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATGSL05, ATGSL5, EED3, GSL05, GSL5, PMR4, AT4G03550) trichomes |
lack visible |
callose |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| coexpression- and sequence-based MUCILAGE-RELATED (MUCI) reverse genetic screen |
identified |
three GTs required for synthesis of xylan and galactoglucomannan |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| homogalacturonan biosynthesis |
is key determinant of |
plant development |
|
| barley roots |
contain |
XyG |
Hordeum vulgare |
| Arabidopsis seed coat epidermal (SCE) cells |
produce |
minor amounts of arabinogalactans |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| growth defects in plants overexpressing cellulose synthase-like F6 (CSLF6) |
may be due to |
excessive amounts of Mixed-linkage (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan (MLG) produced |
|
| whole xyloglucan and XXXG incorporation |
is incorporated into |
same narrow region on opposite side |
Populus trichocarpa |
| GT43 family |
is represented in |
phylogenetic trees |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Populus trichocarpa; Oryza sativa; Brachypodium distachyon; Physcomitrella patens; Selaginella moellendorffii; Triticum aestivum |
| plant cell wall |
contains |
pectin |
|
| (RHS8, XUT1, AT1G63450) mutants |
produce xyloglucan that lacks |
GalUA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| secretory vesicles |
contain |
mostly pectin, especially homogalacturonans |
|
| boron (B) |
has role in |
cell wall structure and function |
|
| yeast cell wall |
contains |
mannans |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| (BOR2, AT3G62270) |
is important for |
cross-linking pectins under low-Boron (B) conditions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GH16 family |
includes |
endotransglucosylases |
|
| hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family genes |
were remarkably up-regulated only in |
Rc-grown seedlings |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| biochemical evidence of enzymatic activity |
has not been obtained to confirm |
hypotheses about (GAUT12, IRX8, LGT6, AT5G54690) and (ATGATL1, GATL1, GLZ1, PARVUS, AT1G19300) function |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Poaceae xyloglucans |
lacks |
fucosylated units |
|
| boron (B) |
maintains structure of cell wall by cross-linking pectic polysaccharides through borate-diol bonding |
cell wall structure |
|
| UBQ::GFP:CALS9 |
produces similar results to |
UBQ::GFP:PMR4 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| boron |
plays structural role in |
rhamnogalacturonan II component of the pectic cell wall |
|
| plant cell walls |
consist of |
polysaccharides |
|
| (GAUT11, AT1G18580) |
has a role in |
wall modification or biosynthesis |
|
| BR-activated transcription factor (BES1, BZR2, AT1G19350) |
enhances |
expression of cellulose synthase genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (COBL10, AT3G20580) localized in cytoplasm of (APTG1, AT5G14850) pollen tubes |
may still function in |
cell wall construction |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CER9, SUD1, AT4G34100) deficiency |
down-regulated |
expression of genes associated with plant cell wall structure |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| parenchyma cells |
accumulate large amounts of |
mixed-linkage glucan (MLG) |
Brachypodium distachyon |
| cell wall rigidity |
is strongly influenced by |
polysaccharide structure and composition |
|
| demethylesterified homogalacturonan (HG) |
interacts with |
Ca2+ |
|
| extra effect on CFW staining and cell wall thickness |
supports |
redundant roles of (ATBARD1, BARD1, ROW1, AT1G04020) and Row2 |
Ustilago maydis |
| cslf6-2/+ heterozygous grain (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan labelling |
was across |
aleurone and endosperm cell walls |
Hordeum vulgare |
| cell wall of (AXS1, AT2G27860) (AXS2, AT1G08200) /+ mutant plants |
contains less |
RG-II-borate complex |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| primary cell wall |
contains |
protein |
|
| downregulated genes |
encode |
extracellular or cell wall proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| growth defects in plants overexpressing cellulose synthase-like F6 (CSLF6) |
may be due to |
lack of additional enzymes required to integrate Mixed-linkage (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan (MLG) into the cell wall |
|
| (NIP7;1, NLM6, NLM8, AT3G06100) |
has a role in |
cell wall biosynthesis during microsporogenesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| microtubules |
pattern |
cell wall material deposition |
|
| (MUCI70, AT1G28240) |
was not known to affect |
cell wall structure |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| primary cell wall |
is composed of |
hemicelluloses |
|
| xyloglucans |
are found in |
primary walls of monocotyledons |
|
| Commelinid monocotyledons |
exhibit variation in |
xyloglucan structure |
|
| (IRX14, AT4G36890) irx14L(±) double mutant |
shows total reduction in xylose of |
42% reduction from wild-type |
|
| increased arabinose and uronic acids |
suggests |
higher levels of pectins and/or arabinogalactan proteins |
|
| growing cells |
continuously manufacture |
cell wall material |
|
| tissue distortion |
is |
sign of reduced cell wall strength |
Populus tremuloides |
| boron function |
has only been demonstrated mechanistically in |
RG-II-borate complexes in primary cell walls |
|
| discrepancy of cell wall properties conferred by various mutants |
explains |
differential cracking phenotypes among pectin mutants |
|
| (GAUT13, AT3G01040) mutant |
have increased |
GalA and Gal content |
|
| COBRA-related genes |
are associated with |
three of the four CESA node regulons |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cslf6-2/+ heterozygous mutants DP3:DP4 ratio |
is not significantly different from |
wild-type controls |
Hordeum vulgare |
| cslf9 mutant grain at 15 (DPA, AT5G02470) |
exhibited similar |
(1,3;1,4)-β-glucan labelling pattern |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan |
has integral role in |
primary cell wall of barley |
Hordeum vulgare |
| selective vesicle shuttling |
may sustain |
coordination of polymer synthesis |
|
| cell walls |
are composed of |
cellulose microfibrils |
|
| habituated bean cells |
have decreased |
cellulose content in cell walls |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
| (TOR, AT1G50030) pathway |
affects |
cell wall structure and properties |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genes showing similar transcriptional response in both A9:u-ATP9 and AP3:u-ATP9 transgenic lines |
include |
29 genes involved in cell wall metabolism |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| repressing both (ATCAD4, CAD, CAD-C, CAD4, AT3G19450) and CCR activities specifically involved in lignification |
has severe consequences on |
cell wall composition of stems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| orientation of cellulose microfibril deposition |
is guided by |
cortical microtubules (MTs) |
|
| glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein encoded by Os07g0102300 |
regulates leaf rolling by affecting |
maintenance of cell wall formation |
Oryza sativa |
| cslf9 mutant grain at 15 (DPA, AT5G02470) |
compared with |
wild-type grain |
Hordeum vulgare |
| pectins |
are required to build up |
cell wall architecture |
|
| bundle sheath wall thickening |
has different candidate genes implicated in |
cellulose, lignin, MtN transporters, wall associated kinases, and suberin biosynthesis |
|
| PME maturation |
could be coordinated with |
HG biosynthesis and methyl-esterification |
|
| (GAUT13, AT3G01040) mutant |
exhibits significantly and reproducibly different |
cell wall glycosyl residue composition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| reduced substrate supply for cell wall biosynthesis |
probably causes |
cell collapse |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| KOJAK |
has been suggested to function in |
synthesis of non-cellulosic cell-wall polysaccharides |
|
| HvCESA6 |
is co-expressed with |
HvCslF6 |
Hordeum vulgare |
| alteration of (ATCAD4, CAD, CAD-C, CAD4, AT3G19450) and CCR genes |
has severe consequences on |
cell wall composition of stems |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genes mutated in irx lines |
are involved in |
biosynthesis of cellulose, lignins, or xylans |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ferulic acid (FA) |
is attached to cell wall polymers by ester bonds through its carboxylic acid group with the C5-hydroxyl of α-L-arabinosyl side chains of |
xylans |
|
| feruloyl groups |
are attached to |
cell wall polysaccharides |
|
| (AXS1, AT2G27860) and (AXS2, AT1G08200) genes |
regulate |
RG-II-borate complex content |
|
| auxin |
is able to restore |
cell wall synthesis to normal levels following down-regulation |
|
| fluorescent XXXG |
is incorporated into |
cell wall surface |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| L-[3H]-fucose |
was fed to |
suspension-cultured cells of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) |
Festuca arundinacea |
| ccc mutant |
contains higher levels of |
uronic acids |
|
| glycosylation reactions of low-molecular-weight substances |
play important roles in |
cell wall synthesis |
|
| cortical MTs |
are critical for |
orientation of cellulose microfibrils |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| disruption of two xylosyltransferases |
has led to |
plants with no detectable xyloglucan |
|
| cutin |
is |
cell wall localized heterogeneous polyester |
|
| cslf6-2 homozygous grain |
had (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan labelling completely absent in |
endosperm |
Hordeum vulgare |
| information transduction across the plasma membrane |
occurs from |
microtubules |
|
| deposition of cellulose microfibrils |
is guided by |
orientation of cortical microtubules |
|
| cell wall biosynthesis genes |
shifted from root expression in C3 plants to |
leaf expression in C4 plants |
Cleomaceae |
| cellulose synthase |
expressed in sink-source transition stage may relate to |
secondary wall thickening in bundle sheath |
Zea mays |
| cell wall appositions (CWA) |
are composed of |
callose |
Hordeum vulgare |
| altered (ABCG11, AtABCG11, ATWBC11, COF1, DSO, WBC11, AT1G17840) (ABCG1, WBC1, AT2G39350) expression |
largely affects genes associated with |
cell wall processes |
|
| HvXET3 and HvXET4 |
link covalently |
xyloglucan and anionic oligosaccharides derived from pectin |
Hordeum vulgare |
| cslf9 homozygous mutants |
showed no significant difference in |
(1,3;1,4)-β-glucan content |
Hordeum vulgare |
| cslf9 mutant grain |
was accompanied by reduction in |
calcofluor staining intensity |
Hordeum vulgare |
| cslf9 alleles |
had cellulose reduction of |
24.11 ± 1.56% |
Hordeum vulgare |
| absence of expression of two lignin-specific genes |
induces |
noticeable changes in the composition of cell wall polysaccharides |
|
| cslf6-2 homozygous mutant grain |
almost completely lacks |
(1,3;1,4)-β-glucan |
Hordeum vulgare |
| peroxidases |
can polymerize |
cell wall compounds |
|
| Zantedeschia aethiopica |
has |
xyloglucan structure |
Zantedeschia aethiopica |
| CesA family genes |
co-expressed with |
COBRA-related genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lack of INCW2 localization |
leads to |
aberrant or stunted WIGs in mn1 mutant |
Zea mays |
| (IRX14, AT4G36890) mutant |
exhibits reduction in xylose of |
24% reduction from wild-type |
|
| transgenic secondary xylem cells |
have |
only localized lines or spots of birefringence |
Populus tremuloides |
| HvXET3 |
catalyzes |
hetero-transglycosylation |
Hordeum vulgare |
| EXPANSIN (EXP), EXTENSIN (EXGT-A1, EXT, XTH4, AT2G06850) XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLUCOSYLASE HYDROLASE (XTH), ROOT-HAIR SPECIFIC (RHS), and CELLULOSE SYNTHASE LIKE (CSL) |
are involved in |
modifying cell wall properties |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cslf9-2 and cslf9-3 mutant grain glucose reduction |
was not detected in |
cslf9-1 mutant grain |
Hordeum vulgare |
| ferulic acid |
is associated with |
pectic polysaccharides |
|
| changes in metabolic networks |
modify |
cell wall metabolism |
Zea mays |
| wild-type grain |
showed darker blue colour in |
central grain area |
Hordeum vulgare |
| glucose, xylose, arabinose and galactose |
represent building blocks of |
starch, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan and arabinoxylan |
Hordeum vulgare |
| xyloglucan signal |
is detected in |
inner surface of S2 layer |
Populus trichocarpa |
| gaut mutants |
show altered |
galactose composition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (GAUT12, IRX8, LGT6, AT5G54690) mutant |
has been studied |
phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATGATL1, GATL1, GLZ1, PARVUS, AT1G19300) mutant |
has been studied |
phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cell walls of irx8-1 and irx8-5 mutants |
have reduced |
β-(1,4)-linked xylose and α-(1,4)-linked GalA residues |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATR4, CYP83B1, RED1, RNT1, SUR2, AT4G31500) mutant |
shows up-regulated |
hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HPRG) |
|
| (ATR4, CYP83B1, RED1, RNT1, SUR2, AT4G31500) mutant |
shows up-regulated |
proline-rich glycoproteins (PRG) |
|
| reactions for galacturonic acid, xylose and GDP-glucose synthesis |
had |
larger fluxes than reference flux distributions in gMix and gGly |
Jatropha curcas |
| genes conferring lower glycemic index (GI) |
include |
genes that regulate dietary fiber |
|
| polysaccharides |
are assembled into larger structures after being delivered to |
cell surface |
|
| arrested (ATTPS1, TPS1, AT1G78580) mutant embryos |
show |
thickened cell walls |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cell wall localized heterogeneous polyesters |
are widespread in |
land plants |
|
| cslf6-2/+ heterozygous mutant grain |
had intermediate levels of |
(1,3;1,4)-β-glucan |
Hordeum vulgare |
| cell wall RG-II content |
might affect |
deposition of other pectic components, such as RG-I |
|
| carbohydrates and lignin |
create |
lignocellulose |
|
| LOC_Os07g41320 |
involved in |
cellulose synthesis |
Oryza sativa |
| pectin and soluble polysaccharide content |
was significantly higher in |
Arabidopsis wild-type and GhnsLTPsA10-silenced cotton plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Gossypium hirsutum |
| β-glucans |
are |
integral components of microbial and plant cell walls |
|
| plant cell wall |
contains |
structural proteins |
|
| small amounts of fucose |
were detected in |
xyloglucans produced by suspension-cultured rice (Oryza sativa) cells |
Oryza sativa |
| ccr1g mutant |
contains enhanced |
xylan polysaccharides |
|
| wild-type TmXET6.3 |
lacks |
hetero-transglycosylation activity with xyloglucan/[α(1-4)GalAp]5 substrate pair |
Tropaeolum majus |
| cslf6-2 homozygous grain |
showed weak fluorescence in |
cell walls of sub-aleurone and outer endosperm cells |
Hordeum vulgare |
| reaction for galactose synthesis |
was identified in |
gGly |
Jatropha curcas |
| Mutation of CslF |
results in |
altered cell wall stiffness |
|
| lignin cross-linking |
is means to |
cell wall enforcement |
|
| genetic alteration of head sugar domain |
causes changes in |
cell wall (CW) composition |
|
| microfibrils |
biosynthesis advances force re-examination of assumptions about |
assembly and functions of cell wall components |
|
| spatial distortion of transgenic stem tissue |
could contribute to |
less birefringence |
Populus tremuloides |
| cslf9 mutants |
showed changes in the abundance of |
other cell-wall-related monosaccharides |
Hordeum vulgare L |
| cslf6-2 homozygous mutant grain |
had (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan content of |
0.11% w/w ± 0.04 |
Hordeum vulgare |
| cell wall synthesis and modification |
are expected to be especially sensitive to |
surface to volume (SV) ratio |
plants |
| type III wall peroxidases |
use H2O2 substrates to induce |
protein cross links and lignin formation in cell walls |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cross linking |
is consistent with mechanism for |
boron cross linking |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| studies on metabolic coordination between cell wall synthesis and primary metabolism |
have focused on |
different nucleotide sugars |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATFLA11, FLA11, AT5G03170) (AtFLA12, FLA12, AT5G60490) double mutant |
has reductions in |
arabinans, galactans, and rhamnose |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| exo70H4-1 mutant trichomes |
lack |
callose |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis trichomes |
contain |
lignin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 26 gaut mutants |
demonstrate |
aberrant wall composition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 11 SDV transmembrane silicanin-like genes |
were phasing predominantly at |
ZT18 |
Skeletonema robusta |
| Arabidopsis lines with increased ploidy |
had primary cell walls of similar thickness but |
thinner secondary walls |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (GAUT8, QUA1, AT3G25140) |
transcript expression is associated with |
vascular tissues |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| heavily glycosylated proteins |
is |
component of the plant cell wall |
|
| (COBL6, AT1G09790) |
may constitute candidate to explore |
functions of the COBRAs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PHT4.6 |
is most likely involved in |
cell wall synthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protein (ROL5, AT2G44270) |
is |
suppressor of the LRR-extensin1 (LRX1, AT1G12040) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cslf6-2 homozygous mutant grain |
showed potential difference in |
polysaccharide distribution |
Hordeum vulgare |
| further phenotypic characterisation of additional plant tissues and developmental stages |
will be required to determine |
precise contribution of HvCslF3 and HvCslH1 to cell wall composition |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (GMD2, MUR1, MUR_1, SFR8, AT3G51160) mutant |
has not shown |
evident crack under growth conditions |
|
| understanding of regulatory mechanisms |
may eventually allow |
custom design of plant cell walls |
|
| microtubule patterning |
is possibly linked to |
creation of polylamellate cell walls |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| data from the glycome and phenome level |
was used to establish relationships between |
polysaccharide (glycan) rich cell walls of cotton fibers and their phenotypic characteristics |
Gossypium species |
| (ATRGP2, MUR5, RGP2, AT5G15650) |
may be more directly involved in |
callose biosynthesis in cell walls around plasmodesmata |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| whole xyloglucan |
is incorporated into wall xyloglucan by action of |
(XET, XTH33, AT1G10550) |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| (AtSFR6, GLH2, IEN1, MED16, SFR6, YID1, AT4G04920) |
affects |
cellulose |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cslf6-2 mutant grain |
had small but significant increase in |
xylose and arabinose content |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (ATCSLD1, CSLD1, AT2G33100) gene |
encodes |
Cellulose Synthase-Like D protein |
Zea mays |
| peak of cytokinesis at ZT18/ZT22 |
coincided with |
expression of rhythmic genes involved in cell wall formation |
Skeletonema robusta |
| cellulose |
structure tailoring can modulate |
disease resistance |
|
| cellulose synthase localization |
influences |
cell morphology |
|
| pectin polysaccharides |
have roles in |
secondary cell walls |
|
| altering GmPTF1 expression |
significantly impacts the transcription of |
cell wall genes |
Glycine max |
| matrix polysaccharides |
biosynthesis advances force re-examination of assumptions about |
assembly and functions of cell wall components |
|
| pectin acetylesterase |
is involved in |
texture (cell wall biosynthesis) |
Solanum tuberosum |
| Sotiriou and Spyropoulos (2002) |
incorporated radioactivity in regenerated cell wall to study |
galactomannan biosynthesis |
|
| Zinnia cell culture system |
is used to study |
wall biosynthesis |
Zinnia elegans |
| Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLA2, AT4G12730) |
is |
cell wall protein |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| DCMU treatment |
prevents |
cell wall synthesis |
|
| pectins |
are major components of |
primary cell walls of eudicots |
|
| regulated trafficking of membrane proteins |
is a common regulatory mechanism in the control of |
cell wall metabolism |
|
| impairment of proton pumping activity |
results in |
cellulose deficiency |
|
| hemicellulose |
structure tailoring can modulate |
plant growth |
|
| cortical microtubule reorientation |
reorients |
direction of cellulose microfibril synthesis in the wall |
Cardamine hirsuta |
| ccc mutant |
contains higher levels of |
arabinose |
|
| cslf9-3 mutant grain |
had total starch content of |
40.24 ± 0.45% w/w |
Hordeum vulgare |
| (AXS1, AT2G27860) (AXS2, AT1G08200) /+ mutant plants |
showed |
thick cell walls |
|
| β-glucans |
are |
conserved components of cell walls of both microbes and plants |
|
| β-glucans |
contribute to |
polysaccharide content of fungal cell walls |
|
| Mutation of Dw2 |
disrupts |
localization of polysaccharides in cell walls |
Sorghum bicolor |
| proteins within the plasma membrane |
define |
regulation of cell wall composition |
|
| nucleotide-rhamnose synthase (MICRO.444.C1_634) |
may be implicated in |
tuber texture differences |
Solanum tuberosum |
| Type IV ESTs |
representative ESTs were similar to |
S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SMADC), osmotin, and actin |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| 1-butanol treatment |
results in |
round shape without cell wall |
|
| t-butanol treatment at 8 h |
results in |
thick cell wall |
|
| xyloglucan |
plays an important role in defining |
structural properties of plant cell walls |
|
| callose |
is required to build up |
cell wall architecture |
|
| glycine-rich proteins |
are expected to be |
structural components of the plant cell wall |
|
| β-1,3-linked glucans with β-1,6-linked side branches |
are |
predominant form of β-glucans in outer cell wall layer |
|
| HX |
is another component of |
plant cell walls |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 24 diatom-specific SET domain protein methyltransferases (BacSETs) |
were phasing predominantly at |
ZT18 |
Skeletonema robusta |
| pectic polysaccharides crosslinked with borate |
is important for |
physical strength of plant cells |
|
| impaired cytoskeleton dynamics |
alters |
deposition of cell wall components |
|
| knocking out CDAs |
may impair |
fungal cell wall integrity and development |
Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici |
| DDYM (dw2 mutant) |
exhibits |
modified accumulation and localization of HX and MLG in cell walls |
Sorghum bicolor |
| Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZy) database |
contains information about |
enzymes linked to synthesis and modifications of cell wall polysaccharides |
|
| plant cell wall |
contains |
hemicellulosic polysaccharides |
|
| ferulic acid (FA) |
is linked to O-5 of arabinose chain of |
arabinoxylan |
|
| fluorescent whole xyloglucan |
is incorporated into |
all regions of walls |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| weak fluorescence in cslf6-2 grain |
may be partially due to |
autofluorescence of phenolic acids |
Hordeum vulgare |
| subepidermis predominant genes |
are primarily involved in |
cell wall biosynthesis and restructuring |
Citrus clementina |
| boron (B) deficiency |
influences |
cell wall organisation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Mutation of Dw2 |
caused altered accumulation of |
cell wall polysaccharides |
Sorghum bicolor |
| tocopherol-deficient mutants |
have severely impaired |
cell wall development of phloem transfer cells |
|
| polysaccharide synthesis |
needs to be carried out in coordinated fashion in |
plasma membrane and Golgi apparatus |
|
| cell wall modifications |
can include deposition of |
cutin |
|
| cellulosic cell walls |
is critical for |
cell shaping and differentiation |
|
| developmental polysaccharides |
is essential to obtain |
high quality fibers |
Gossypium species |
| cellulose |
is implicated in |
bundle sheath wall thickening |
|
| cell wall changes in polyploid plants |
relate to |
changes in cell wall-related gene expression in diploids during endoreplication |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mixed-linked glucans (MLGs) |
contribute to |
cell wall flexibility and growth in grasses |
|
| hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) |
down-regulated with fold change of |
−3.7-fold |
Glycine max |
| blue light |
decreases yielding properties of |
cell walls |
|
| reddish-brown vascular tissue in the leaves and stems |
is a result of |
changes in cell wall composition |
Zea mays |
| cell wall formation |
takes place in |
specialized intracellular compartment termed silica deposition vesicle (SDV) |
Skeletonema robusta |
| analysis in commercially important cotton lines |
provides insights into |
developmental polysaccharides that are essential to obtain high quality fibers |
Gossypium species |
| plasma membrane linker protein |
shifted from root expression in C3 plants to |
leaf expression in C4 plants |
Cleomaceae |
| boron (B) |
crosslinks |
rhamnogalaturonan II |
|
| complex polysaccharides |
is |
component of the plant cell wall |
|
| (ATR4, CYP83B1, RED1, RNT1, SUR2, AT4G31500) mutant |
shows no up-regulated |
cell wall biosynthesis genes |
|
| thickened cell walls in arrested (ATTPS1, TPS1, AT1G78580) mutant embryos |
is caused by |
altered pectin deposition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PoGT43B and PoGT8D RNAi lines |
exhibit |
altered amount of arabinose |
Populus alba x tremula |
| genetic basis of biosynthesis of cell wall polysaccharides |
is advancing |
understanding |
|
| significant epistatic interactions |
were identified with |
cell wall precursor biosynthesis gene (LOC_Os06g44270) |
|
| chemical A treatment |
does not alter distribution of |
cellulose in cell walls |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pit membranes |
are made of |
cellulose microfibrils |
|
| (RGP, RGP3, AT3G08900) (Reversibly Glycosylated Polypeptide) |
may be involved in biosynthesis of |
cellulose, hemicellulose and/or starch |
|
| secondary metabolites (SMs) |
have roles in |
lignification |
|
| BRs |
may affect |
cell wall polymer formation |
|
| myo inositol and its phosphorylated derivatives |
play important roles in |
cell wall biosynthesis |
|
| (HUP39, PRP, AT3G23170) (proline-rich protein) |
only expressed at a high level during |
middle stage of cell wall regeneration |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| C3HC4-type zinc finger family protein |
expressed only during |
the initiation of cell wall biosynthesis |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| hormones |
have been implicated in the regulation of |
cell wall biosynthesis or deposition |
|
| exocyst |
is involved in regulation of |
cell wall biogenesis |
|
| terminally differentiating cells |
elaborate |
cell wall structures |
|
| genes encoding beta-1,3-glucan hydrolases and cell wall precursor biosynthesis gene |
likely exert an effect on |
β-glucan and cellulose biosynthesis |
|
| functional analysis of transporters |
will help understand |
role of transporters in cell wall biosynthesis |
|
| high-speed myosin (ATMYA2, MYA2, XI-2, XI-6, AT5G43900) |
acceleration of cytoplasmic streaming by may contribute positively to |
transport of cell wall precursors |
|
| chemical A treatment |
reduces |
pectin content in cell walls |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| C05140C08 |
is involved in |
deposition of cuticle precursors of the primary cell wall |
Poncirus trifoliata |
| (SGB1, AT1G79820) |
may transport glucose for |
cell wall biosynthesis during cell division |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| callose synthesis gene powdery mildew resistant 4 (ATGSL05, ATGSL5, EED3, GSL05, GSL5, PMR4, AT4G03550) |
is defective in |
cell wall formation |
|
| α-fucosyltransferase activity |
involved in |
xyloglucan synthesis |
|
| β-glucans |
are |
building blocks of cell walls |
|
| increased chloroplasts per leaf area |
may be due to |
reduced cell size |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| harlequin (ATTOP6B, BIN3, HLQ, HYP6, RHL3, TOP6B, AT3G20780) mutant epidermal cells |
accumulate |
callose |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cluster of genes with same pattern of expression |
was particularly enriched in |
genes shown to play major role in cell wall formation in other organisms |
|
| genes encoding proteins in cell wall metabolism |
were under-expressed in |
(MIR167A, AT3G22886) flower buds |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| highly expressed MYB TFs in summer |
were similar to |
those related to cell wall biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis |
Picea abies |
| heteroxylans (HXs) and mixed linkage glucans (MLGs) |
are |
potentially affected by differences in endomembrane phosphoproteomics and activity |
Sorghum bicolor |
| absence of xyloglucans (XGs) |
alters |
cellulose biosynthesis |
|
| modulation of cell wall contents |
may affect |
overall plant biomass |
|
| microtubules |
co-align with |
cellulose microfibrils |
|
| genetically encoded sensors |
offer opportunities to study |
cell wall remodelling |
|
| (ATCESA8, CESA8, IRX1, LEW2, AT4G18780) .1 homozygous deletion mutant |
is |
severely dwarfed, sterile, and possesses dark green leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| C05811H06 |
is related to |
pectin component of the cell wall |
Poncirus trifoliata |
| Golgi apparatus |
plays major role in |
biosynthesis of cell wall material |
|
| rice brittle culm1 mutant |
contains |
more lignin |
Oryza sativa |
| xyloglucan (XyG) |
contains |
α-D-xylose substitution on the oxygen-6 position |
|
| EXPANSINS and ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINS |
provide |
correlative evidence for functions in (ATTOP6B, BIN3, HLQ, HYP6, RHL3, TOP6B, AT3G20780) cell wall phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ~10% of plant genomes |
are devoted to |
cell wall biogenesis |
|
| arabinoxylan |
is |
important component of grass primary and secondary cell walls |
Triticale |
| lignins |
are synthesized to |
reinforce cell walls |
|
| dichlobenil |
blocks |
cellulose synthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 187 bona fide APOLO targets |
show enrichment for categories related to |
cell wall composition and organization |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BR-deficient mutants |
contain less |
cellulose |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| chemical A (ID 6240780) |
causes changes in |
cell wall composition |
|
| Altered distribution of MLG and HX |
could be a consequence of |
depletion of these polysaccharides in cell walls (25–50%) |
Sorghum bicolor |
| plants |
must have evolved |
regulatory mechanisms controlling biosynthesis, targeted secretion, and assembly of wall components |
|
| plant cell wall polysaccharides |
are synthesised in |
Golgi apparatus |
|
| BR-perceptional mutants |
contain less |
cellulose |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pectin methylesterase gene |
has differential expression levels in |
cell wall biosynthesis |
Solanum tuberosum |
| overall amount of cell walls and cell wall lignification |
increases with increasing |
MA in Australian species |
|
| protein glycosylation |
is necessary for |
proper cell wall formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| decreased yielding properties of cell walls |
modifies |
cell turgor pressure |
|
| seedling leaf cell walls in Brachypodium |
have distinctive proportions of |
hydroxycinnamic acids constituents |
Brachypodium distachyon |
| Group of 25 genes related to cell walls |
can be divided into |
two subgroups |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| Glycoside hydrolases (GH) |
play roles in |
cell wall metabolism |
|
| C05133B06 and C19009B12 |
are related to |
xyloglucans |
Poncirus trifoliata |
| fatty acid ω-oxygenation in plants |
has mostly been implicated in |
cell wall polyester formation |
|
| cell wall peroxidase |
catalyzes peroxidative cross-linking of |
wall proteins and polysaccharides |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| active regeneration of a new cell wall |
did not result in markedly increased expression of |
genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis or modification |
Solanum tuberosum |
| GoFLA19s |
encode |
fasciclin-like arabinogalactan family protein |
Gossypium spp. |
| polymers of hydrated silica |
is important for |
physical strength of plant cells |
|
| cell wall modifications |
can include deposition of |
callose |
|
| understanding of synthesis of wall polymers and its regulation |
has enabled |
strategies to alter qualitative composition of wall materials |
|
| MtN transporters |
are implicated in |
bundle sheath wall thickening |
|
| cortical microtubules |
act as tracks for |
polarized deposition of cellulose fibers |
|
| chemical A treatment |
does not significantly alter |
cellulose content in residual pellet |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| importance of RGPs in cell wall deposition during cell division and growth |
is consistent with observation of |
AtRGP2:GFP highly enriched in dividing cells of shoot apical meristem |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| H-derived compounds in bm2-bm4 mutant |
are consistent with increase in |
p-coumarate reduction |
|
| common set of misregulated transcripts in PtMYB14 overexpression |
included sequences related to |
cell wall organization and biogenesis |
|
| Bc6 culms |
exhibits |
31% decrease in cellulose content based on weight |
Oryza sativa |
| Bc6 mutant |
exhibits |
essentially same results as comparison with parental line IR68 |
Oryza sativa |
| low R/FR ratios |
increases |
internode levels of cell wall carbohydrates |
Helianthus annuus |
| sucrose synthase (SUS; EC 2.4.1.13) |
provides UDP-glucose directly to |
cellulose synthase |
|
| lack of storage inclusions in CCRI9106 (ghfla19-1) pollen |
and protein characteristics of FLA19, which may be responsible for |
formation of cell wall (CW) |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| pollen cell wall |
must be sufficiently flexible to allow |
incorporation of wall precursors |
|
| 8 S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase-aminopropyltransferase (AMDC-APT) genes |
were phasing predominantly at |
ZT18 |
Skeletonema robusta |
| brassinosteroids (BR) |
modulate growth by tuning expression of |
wall regulators |
|
| compensatory mechanism |
is activated in response to |
certain changes in lignin composition |
|
| brassinosteroids (BRs) |
regulate |
cellulose synthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| β-1,3-linked glucan callose |
plays |
functionally important role in plant cell walls |
|
| increased hemicellulose content |
is probably |
compensation reaction of rice with reduced cellulose content |
Oryza sativa |
| Thaxtomin A (TXT) |
inhibits |
cellulose synthesis |
|
| EST encoding an IAA-response protein |
showed a similar expression pattern as |
transcription factor NAC |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| possible (ATEXLA2, ATEXPL2, ATHEXP BETA 2.2, EXLA2, EXPL2, AT4G38400) and (AT-EXPR, ATEXLB1, ATEXPR1, ATHEXP BETA 3.1, EXLB1, EXPR, AT4G17030) genes |
might imply possible roles in |
cell wall construction and modification |
|
| sucrose synthase |
controls production of |
UDP-glucose |
|
| isoxaben |
specifically inhibits |
cell wall synthesis |
|
| plant microtubule cytoskeleton |
coordinates |
deposition of cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall |
plants |
| protein encoded by clone PP_LEa0033B07f |
has some features generally found in |
cell wall proteins |
Prunus persica |
| Type II ESTs |
included |
(HUP39, PRP, AT3G23170) GRP, (anac016, NAC016, AT1G34180) (ATB2, AtbZIP11, BZIP11, GBF6, AT4G34590) (PUX4, AT4G04210) (ASK1, ATSKP1, SKP1, SKP1A, UIP1, AT1G75950) calcium-binding EF hand family protein, peroxiredoxin, PDR-like ABC-transporter, and cystatin |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| three-way intercellular junctions (cell corners) |
correspond to |
sites of increased deposition of cell wall material |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| central endosperm cells in Brachypodium |
have |
relatively thicker cell walls |
Brachypodium distachyon |
| xyloglucan (XyG) in cereals or grasses |
has |
low degree of substitution |
|
| cellulose |
is present in significant amount in |
cell wall of coffee endosperm |
Coffea arabica |
| arabinoxylans (AX) |
is |
major component of wheat grain cell walls |
|
| (XEG113, AT2G35610) gene |
is involved in |
plant cell wall biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| At (ATRHM1, RHM1, ROL1, AT1G78570) |
is |
closely related A. thaliana orthogroup member |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| data on meristematic cell wall construction |
suggest |
key role of CSLD gene family glycosyltransferase |
|
| ktn1-2 clasp-1 pavement cells |
have a cell-bursting phenotype |
possibly due to a combination of pavement cells being unable to minimize stress in conjunction with changes in the deposition of cellulose or other cell wall components |
|
| GO-term analysis |
showed enrichment in |
cell wall organization |
Marchantia polymorpha |
| genes for uridinediphosphate (UDP)-galacturonic acid synthesis |
are downregulated in |
triple mutant pollen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| P. hallii transcriptome assembly |
includes |
major genes associated with synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides |
Panicum hallii |
| cellulose synthase transcripts |
number |
17 transcripts |
Panicum hallii |
| GT47 homolog expression pattern |
is in |
cluster 4 |
Panicum hallii |
| glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins (GAPs) |
is important for |
synthesis and secretion of cell wall polymers |
|
| Zmccr1 mutant |
shows down-regulation of |
glycosyltransferase 6 |
Zea mays |
| (PNT1, AT5G22130) mutant |
causes |
general reduction in GAPs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) |
is |
enzyme in cell wall biosynthesis pathway |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| Mp GDP-MANNOSE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE (Mp GMP) |
encodes |
protein predicted to function in synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides |
Marchantia polymorpha |
| tri-1 plants |
exhibit impaired biosynthesis of |
cell wall in root tips |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lower arabinose content |
results in |
shorter sugar chains of arabinogalactanproteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sucrose synthase |
is |
enzyme in cell wall biosynthesis pathway |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| Bc6 culms |
exhibits |
34% increase in proportion of hemicellulose in cell wall polysaccharides |
Oryza sativa |
| U73122 treatment |
prevents |
cell wall synthesis |
|
| tube wall |
is not always thick in the region where |
cell wall components deposit |
|
| low R/FR ratio |
increases |
absolute levels of cell wall carbohydrates |
Helianthus annuus |
| additional cDNA encoding a product with potential roles as a structural cell wall protein |
was identified as down-regulated in |
woolly peach |
Prunus persica |
| defence-related proteins |
are directly involved in |
structural organization of cell walls |
|
| cell wall synthesis |
is examined by observation of |
effects of pharmacological reagents |
Porphyra yezoensis |
| silicic acid |
induces |
cell wall fortification of rice leaves |
Oryza sativa |
| First subgroup of cell wall genes |
comprises |
16 ESTs with homologies to genes encoding cell wall proteins |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| L-galactose |
is reported to be in |
cell walls |
Actinidia deliciosa; Actinidia chinensis; Actinidia eriantha |
| β-1,3 glucan hydrolase |
was significantly up-regulated in |
seedless fruits |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| protoplasts |
are regarded as particularly suitable for studying |
cell wall biosynthesis |
|
| lipid transfer protein |
plays a role in |
cell wall biosynthesis |
|
| sequential deposition of primary and then secondary cell wall compounds |
is orchestrated at |
transcription level |
Coffea arabica |
| cell-wall biosynthesis |
is sensitive to |
functionality of nascent ribosomes |
|
| pectin |
is composed of |
rhamnogalacturonan I |
|
| kinesin |
is involved in |
cellulose microfibril deposition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| epidermal cell morphology defects in (AGY1, AtcpSecA, SECA1, AT4G01800) |
could be due to |
shortage of cell wall materials |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| locally induced genes |
include |
genes linked to cell wall synthesis |
|
| (ATTOP6B, BIN3, HLQ, HYP6, RHL3, TOP6B, AT3G20780) mutant |
has |
generalized perturbation in cell wall composition |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| plant cell walls |
are |
complex carbohydrate polymers |
|
| homogalacturonan (HGA) |
is |
pectin polymer |
|
| proteins related to cell wall synthesis |
are |
down-regulated in OMTN overexpressors |
Oryza sativa |
| chitin |
is |
important structural component of the fungal cell wall |
|
| putative cinnamoyl-CoA reductases |
increased their expression in |
grapes at EL33 |
Vitis vinifera |
| Collén et al. (2006) |
identified |
numerous genes potentially involved in the construction of the cell wall or the extracellular matrix in red algae |
red algae |
| laccase |
is |
enzyme in cell wall biosynthesis pathway |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| expression of cell wall-related proteins |
is well affected by |
altered gravitational fields |
|
| RGPs |
are possibly involved in |
cell wall biosynthesis |
|
| mutations at (ABI8, ELD1, KOB1, AT3G08550) / locus |
disrupt |
cellulose synthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| bc1 mutant |
exhibits |
similar increase in hemicellulose content |
Oryza sativa |