| apical stem cells |
show the highest expression of |
PpTAR genes |
Physcomitrium patens |
| (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
play important roles in |
adventitious root generation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| flavin monooxygenase-like enzyme (YUCCA) |
plays critical role in |
root development |
|
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) (YUC10, AT1G48910) (YUC11, AT1G21430) quadruple mutants |
failed to develop |
root meristem |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) |
play important roles in |
adventitious root generation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PpTAR gene expression |
indicates |
biosynthesis of IPyA |
Physcomitrium patens |
| (AtNIT2, NIT2, AT3G44300) and (AtNIT4, NIT4, AT5G22300) |
are involved in |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| simultaneous inactivation of (YUC3, AT1G04610) (SUPER1, YUC5, AT5G43890) (YUC7, AT2G33230) (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) and (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) |
led to |
short roots |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IAA precursors (tryptophan and indole-3-glycerol phosphate) |
are synthesized in |
chloroplast |
|
| dissociation of OsFIP37 caused by loss of function of OsFAP1 |
downregulated |
OsYUCCA3 expression |
Oryza sativa |
| Thallus apex-generated auxin |
is synthesized by |
IPyA pathway |
Marchantia polymorpha |
| YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) auxin biosynthetic enzyme |
was downregulated in |
mutant plants at 38 d |
Setaria viridis |
| narrow and curly leaf (nal7) mutant |
is due to mutation in |
(CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) |
Oryza sativa |
| pAct-OsYUCCA1 antisense plants |
inhibit |
root elongation |
Oryza sativa |
| YUCCA FLAVIN MONOOXYGENASE-LIKE 1 (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
play important roles in |
adventitious root generation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| pAct-OsYUCCA1 antisense plants |
inhibit |
root formation |
Oryza sativa |
| apical stem cell |
does not appear affected in |
auxin biosynthesis mutants |
Physcomitrella patens |
| final IAA production |
is thought to occur in |
cytosol |
|
| overexpression of genes involved in auxin biosynthesis |
led to |
altered number of lateral roots |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtTAR2, TAR2, AT4G24670) |
is significantly up-regulated in |
combination mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC10, AT1G48910) |
was not up-regulated in |
mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) and (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) |
increased in |
MN samples |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PIF7, AT5G61270) |
is responsible for |
shade-induced (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ethylene |
induces |
(TAR1, AT1G23320) |
|
| apical cell and immediate derivatives |
are site of |
auxin biosynthesis |
Physcomitrella patens; Marchantia polymorpha |
| antibody used for auxin detection |
is unlikely to label |
tryptophan |
|
| yuc1D mutant |
has |
elevated free IAA levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IBA and 2,4-DB |
require functional peroxisomes for |
conversion to active auxins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PABA |
may activate |
other components of the auxin biosynthesis pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mutation of genes involved in auxin biosynthesis |
led to |
altered number of lateral roots |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TRP, AT3G56390) AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS (TAA) family of aminotransferases |
is |
key enzyme in Trp-dependent auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genes implicated in de novo auxin (IAA) biosynthesis |
are highly expressed during |
17–21 DAF |
Brassica napus |
| auxin |
is synthesized from |
tryptophan |
|
| (TAR1, AT1G23320) expression |
is decreased in |
mn1 mutant endosperm |
Zea mays |
| YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes |
is affected in |
OsMED14_1 RNAi plants |
Oryza sativa |
| YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes |
catalyze |
conversion of tryptamine to N-hydroxytryptamine |
|
| YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) family of flavin-containing mono-oxygenases |
is |
key enzyme in Trp-dependent auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ethylene |
induces |
WEAK ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (AMT1, ASA1, JDL1, TRP5, WEI2, AT5G05730) ANTHRANILATE SYNTHASE α1 |
|
| PABA |
involves |
(CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| antimycin A (AA) treatment |
did not transcriptionally modulate |
YUCCA (flavin monooxygenases; (AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) ) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FaSAMDC downregulation |
promoted |
IAA accumulation |
Fragaria × ananassa |
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) |
expression is greatly upregulated in |
gi-2 mutants at warm temperatures |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
is upregulated in |
OsMED14_1 RNAi plants |
Oryza sativa |
| auxin biosynthetic genes including TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) YUCCA2 (AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) (SUPER1, YUC5, AT5G43890) and (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) |
are significantly down-regulated in |
(DCC1, AT5G50100) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| L-kynurenine |
can be competitively inhibited by |
activity of (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) and its homologs, TARs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| aminotransferases and decarboxylases |
require |
pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) and (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) expression |
responded preferentially in |
MN samples |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ROS |
repressed |
auxin biosynthesis genes ( (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) and (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) ) |
|
| auxin levels in (ATPDX1.1, PDX1.1, AT2G38230) mutant |
are substantially increased |
(ATPDX1.1, PDX1.1, AT2G38230) mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| de novo biosynthesis |
is more important for |
IAA maintenance in the growing tissue |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC3, AT1G04610) and (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
increased in |
VN and VS samples, respectively |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| low auxin levels |
activates |
a specific set of auxin-biosynthetic genes |
|
| IAA biosynthesis pathway |
may not be differentially regulated in |
HFL transgenic rice |
Oryza sativa |
| FaSAMDC upregulation |
inhibited |
IAA accumulation |
Fragaria × ananassa |
| shade stimulus |
promotes |
expression of (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtROS1, DML1, ROS1, AT2G36490) DEL TFs |
have several targets of regulation including |
genes involved in auxin biosynthesis |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| position within the cotyledon |
might be important for |
(CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) and (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) |
is responsible for |
shade-induced (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PABA and ACC |
regulate |
tissue-specific stimulation of (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) in the TZ-EZ on the concave side of the curving root |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| vitamin B6 deficiency |
affects |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA family of flavin monooxygenases |
catalyze |
rate-limiting step in auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis genome |
encodes |
11 YUCCA genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsYUC1 overexpression |
increased |
IAA levels |
Oryza sativa |
| Bacillus velezensis SQR9 |
can produce |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) |
Bacillus velezensis |
| mn1 mutant endosperm |
shows lowest IAA levels at |
28 DAP |
Zea mays |
| reduced (TAR1, AT1G23320) levels in mn1 endosperm at 20 and 28 DAP |
is concordant with |
reduced IAA levels |
Zea mays |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
encodes |
(CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) (TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1) |
|
| combination mutants |
show particularly increased expression in |
YUCCA / Tryptophan Aminotransferase of Arabidopsis1 pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ethylene |
specifically affects |
de novo auxin biosynthesis pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tryptophan (Trp) |
is precursor of |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) |
higher plants |
| auxin |
is synthesized mainly in |
young leaves |
|
| YUCCA gene |
encodes |
flavin monooxygenase-like protein |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA3 |
is close homolog of |
(CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in developing maize seeds |
appears to be synthesized in situ |
developing seeds |
Zea mays |
| YUCCA5 |
is close homolog of |
(CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtYUC6, YUC6, AT5G25620) |
is upregulated in |
OsMED14_1 RNAi plants |
Oryza sativa |
| PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) |
regulates expression of |
key auxin biosynthetic genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Heatin |
inhibits |
NIT1-subfamily enzymatic activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| in vivo IAN substrate accumulation |
prompted |
NIT1-subfamily in vitro activity assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) overexpression |
confirmed by discovery of |
T-DNA insertion site in atbs4-D |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| large fraction of dek mutants |
do not show |
alterations in auxin levels |
Zea mays |
| (TAR1, AT1G23320) expression |
is highest at |
12 DAP in both genotypes |
Zea mays |
| trp-independent (T-I) pathway |
shows no indication of |
developing kernels of maize |
Zea mays |
| such mutants with altered indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content |
are not described in |
maize |
Zea mays |
| Mn1 endosperm |
reaches highest IAA level at |
28 DAP |
Zea mays |
| IAA levels |
shows negative correlation with |
(TAR1, AT1G23320) RNA in mn1 endosperm at 12 and 16 DAP |
Zea mays |
| auxins, especially IAA |
trigger |
biosynthesis of auxins |
Citrus sinensis; Citrus paradisi |
| Heatin |
acts in additive way to |
supra-optimal HNA concentrations |
|
| (AAO1, AO1, AOalpha, AT-AO1, ATAO, AtAO1, AT5G20960) |
has been implicated in |
IAA biosynthesis |
|
| TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
is involved in production of |
auxin |
|
| YUCCA6 |
is |
HYPERTALL1 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mn1 mutant endosperm |
shows decreasing trend in |
IAA levels |
Zea mays |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) (TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1) |
is |
tryptophan aminotransferase |
|
| glutamine |
implicates in the regulation of |
free IAA in leaves |
Populus sp. |
| (YUC3, AT1G04610) |
encodes |
YUCCA3 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| COMATOSE (ABCD1, ACN2, AtABCD1, CTS, PED3, PXA1, AT4G39850) |
might import |
precursors of auxin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) mutants |
show |
reduced levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in leaves |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) double mutants |
are defective in |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| thermoactivated (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) |
induces |
(CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) transcription |
|
| fsh suppressor mutation |
does not significantly change |
IAA levels |
|
| overexpression of YUCCA3, 4, 5, or 6 |
results in |
similar morphological phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 12 DAP stage in maize endosperm |
is associated with |
first high peak of biphasic IAA accumulation |
Zea mays |
| peroxisomal enzymes |
are required for |
IBA-to-IAA conversion |
|
| auxin biosynthesis gene (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
was substantially inhibited in |
rice and Arabidopsis that overexpressed siR109944 |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Oryza sativa |
| free IAA content |
was slightly increased in |
FBL55 OE rice compared with NPB |
Oryza sativa |
| flavin monooxygenase-like protein |
catalyzes |
hydroxylation of tryptamine |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA genes |
function in |
tryptophan-dependent auxin biosynthesis |
Zea mays |
| IAA synthesis |
occurs in |
two steps |
|
| PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) and (PIF7, AT5G61270) |
bind and activate promoters of |
(CYP79B3, AT2G22330) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Heatin inhibition of NIT1-subfamily enzyme activity |
is not |
substrate specific |
|
| ZmGID2IR |
showed down-regulation of genes involved in |
auxin biosynthesis |
|
| turnover of substrate 3-phenyl-propionitrile (3-PPN) |
was reduced in presence of |
Heatin |
|
| NIT1-subfamily–dependent pathway |
is |
Brassicaceae-specific pathway parallel to the main auxin biosynthesis route |
Brassicaceae |
| NIT1-subfamily enzymes |
have role in |
production of IAA |
|
| genes crucial for biosynthesis of auxin |
have been identified |
auxin biosynthesis |
|
| tryptophan aminotransferase of arabidopsis 1 and YUCCA-type flavin monooxygenases (YUCCA3/5/7/8) |
constitute |
auxin biosynthesis pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin biosynthesis |
has not been fully elucidated |
despite the pivotal role of auxin in plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tryptamine (TAM) pathway |
is |
major but redundant trp-dependent pathway for de novo biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) |
|
| indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway |
is |
major but redundant trp-dependent pathway for de novo biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) |
|
| (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) expression in jaz4-1 root apex samples |
shows |
reduction |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nitrilases |
role in production of IAA is |
not well-understood |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ethylene |
induces |
(CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS1 TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE2 |
|
| (AAO2, AO3, AOgamma, atAO-2, AtAO3, AT3G43600) |
has role implicated in |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Heatin |
inhibits |
nitrilase enzyme activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin |
is synthesized in |
green algae |
|
| auxin biosynthesis similarities and differences among organisms |
raise questions about |
origin of auxin biosynthesis |
|
| (TAR1, AT1G23320) expression in Mn1 endosperm at 20 and 28 DAP |
is approximately 50% less than |
(TAR1, AT1G23320) expression at 12 DAP |
Zea mays |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) and (AtTAR2, TAR2, AT4G24670) ( -RELATED 2) expression in root meristematic region |
enhanced |
local production of IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid) |
|
| auxin |
is synthesized mainly in |
shoot apex |
|
| turnover of 6-heptenenitrile by recombinant (AtNIT2, NIT2, AT3G44300) |
was accordingly reduced by |
Heatin |
|
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) gene |
is overexpressed in |
atbs4-D mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TAR1, AT1G23320) expression in Mn1 endosperm at 20 and 28 DAP |
is not concordant with |
much higher IAA levels at 28 DAP in Mn1 endosperm |
Zea mays |
| exogenous auxin treatment |
induced |
auxin biosynthesis gene expression |
Oryza sativa |
| IAAH |
encodes enzyme that catalyzes synthesis of |
indole-3-acetic acid (auxin) |
|
| YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) family of flavin-containing monooxygenases |
convert |
indole-3-pyruvate to IAA |
|
| phosphorylation status of threonine residue |
acts as switch for |
TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) enzyme activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Heatin inhibition of NIT1-subfamily enzyme activity |
occurs in dose-response manner with estimated half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of |
20.7 µm for (NIT1, AT4G08790) |
|
| YUCCA5 (SUPER1, YUC5, AT5G43890) |
is involved in production of |
auxin |
|
| YUCCA1 |
increases |
cellular free IAA levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| three members of Brassicaceae-specific (NIT1, AT4G08790) -subfamily ( (AtNIT2, NIT2, AT3G44300) and (AtNIT3, NIT3, AT3G44320) ) |
were recovered as |
potential Heatin targets |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rise in IAA abundance |
probably contributes to |
Heatin-induced hypocotyl elongation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nitrilase (NIT) |
is highly expressed during |
17–21 DAF |
Brassica napus |
| SDG128 knockdown |
showed reduced transcription of |
ZmYUCCA7 |
|
| Cyp79b mutants |
are nearly IAN-depleted |
IAN |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Nitrilases of the NIT1-subfamily |
have role in |
auxin biosynthesis |
|
| PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) and (PIF7, AT5G61270) |
bind and activate promoters of |
TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| chemical genetics |
has been used for studies on |
auxin biosynthesis and functioning |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IAAH |
catalyzes hydrolysis of |
auxin precursor naphthaleneacetamide (NAM) |
|
| in vivo level of bioactive IAA |
significantly increased in presence of |
Heatin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intermediate signaling components |
modulate the strength of |
auxin synthesis |
|
| histone methyltransferase SDG128 |
promotes transcription level and H3K4me3 level of |
ZmYUCCA8 |
|
| ZmGID2 |
induced transcription level of |
ZmYUCCA8 |
|
| (NIT1, AT4G08790) overexpression |
resulted in reduced |
total IAA and IAN levels |
|
| ZmGID2 |
induced transcription level of |
ZmYUCCA7 |
|
| Heatin treatment |
results in significant accumulation of |
bioactive auxin (IAA) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Heatin |
may in part affect elongation growth by interfering with |
aldehyde oxidation capacity |
|
| (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) expression in jaz4-1 root apex |
shows significant repression compared with |
Col-0 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NIT1-subfamily |
produces |
bioactive auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AVB1, IFL, IFL1, REV, AT5G60690) and (KAN, KAN1, AT5G16560) |
jointly regulate |
TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
|
| auxin |
is synthesized in |
land plants |
|
| (ATFTA, FTA, PFT/PGGT-IALPHA, PLP, AT3G59380) binding |
is prevented by |
phosphorylation of active site threonine |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| aluminum (Al) toxicity |
largely enhances expression of |
(CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
|
| auxin |
is synthesized via |
multiple biosynthetic routes |
|
| trp-dependent (T-D) pathway of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis |
has been demonstrated in |
many plants |
|
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) developmental profile |
is qualitatively similar to |
previous report |
Zea mays |
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) temporal profile in Mn1 endosperm |
is not in agreement with |
IAA levels in Mn1 endosperm |
Zea mays |
| OsYUC1 and OsYUC4 |
play important roles in |
IAA biosynthesis via tryptophan-dependent pathway |
Oryza sativa |
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) flavin monooxygenases |
are associated with |
auxin metabolism |
|
| (AtJAZ4, JAZ4, TIFY6A, AT1G48500) positive regulation of auxin signaling in root apex |
likely occurs through |
induction of auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AVB1, IFL, IFL1, REV, AT5G60690) and (KAN, KAN1, AT5G16560) |
affects |
auxin production |
|
| WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX5 (WOX5, WOX5B, AT3G11260) and PLETHORA (PLT) 1 and (PLT2, AT1G51190) |
promote |
endogenous auxin production |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ALF1, HLS3, RTY, RTY1, SUR1, AT2G20610) mutant |
shows |
high-auxin phenotype |
|
| (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
encodes |
flavin mono-oxygenase |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| leaves of GS1a transgenic poplar |
display enhanced expression of |
α-subunit of anthranilate synthase (AMT1, ASA1, JDL1, TRP5, WEI2, AT5G05730) transcript |
Populus sp. |
| histone acetylation |
promotes |
IAA biosynthesis |
|
| (CYP79B2, AT4G39950) (CYP79B3, AT2G22330) double knockout mutant |
shows reduced amount of |
IAN (indole-3-acetonitrile) |
|
| auxin synthesis in the bud |
is under feedback control |
feedback control |
|
| YUCCA1 (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
encodes |
flavin mono-oxygenase |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ANTHRANILATE SYNTHASE ALPHA SUBUNIT 1 (AMT1, ASA1, JDL1, TRP5, WEI2, AT5G05730) |
is directly controlled by |
(AtERF#092, ERF1, ERF1B, AT3G23240) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtERF#092, ERF1, ERF1B, AT3G23240) and (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) |
regulate expression of |
(YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) and (PIF7, AT5G61270) |
bind and activate promoters of |
(CYP79B2, AT4G39950) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ethylene |
stimulates |
auxin biosynthetic pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole-3-acetaldoxime |
is an intermediate in |
auxin biosynthetic pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| in vivo levels of IAN and IAA |
were quantified in presence and absence of |
Heatin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsNF-YB1 |
directly regulates the expression of |
Os YUCCA11 |
Oryza sativa |
| future studies comparing auxin biosynthesis across kingdoms |
will shed light on |
role of auxin outside of the plant lineage |
|
| (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) expression |
mediates |
auxin biosynthesis |
|
| mild nitrogen (N) deficiency |
promotes transcription of |
tryptophan aminotransferase 2 (AtTAR2, TAR2, AT4G24670) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| one-sided water availability |
stimulates |
locally confined auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CLE/ (ATCLV1, CLV1, FAS3, FLO5, AT1G75820) system |
promotes |
auxin biosynthesis |
Physcomitrium |
| CYP79-catalyzed aldoximes |
are precursors for |
phenyl acetic acid (PAA) |
|
| free glutamine |
is correlated with |
IAA production in leaves of GS poplars |
Populus sp.; Nicotiana tabacum |
| auxin |
is synthesized in |
young expanding leaves of the apical bud |
|
| iaaM |
encodes |
tryptophan monoxidase |
|
| YUCCA family genes |
includes |
(AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) (YUC3, AT1G04610) (SUPER1, YUC5, AT5G43890) and (AtYUC6, YUC6, AT5G25620) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin biosynthesis genes |
do not seem affected at |
transcript level by Heatin treatment |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CYP71A1 |
converts |
indole-3-acetaldoxime into IAN |
|
| over-expression of (ATTSB1, TRP2, TRPB, TSB1, AT5G54810) |
could rescue |
reduced IAA concentrations in cat2-1 mutant |
|
| prolonged auxin exposure |
down-regulates |
auxin biosynthetic gene transcription |
|
| wild-type plants |
show affected |
rate of auxin synthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin biosynthetic pathway |
has remained unclear at |
gene level |
|
| tobacco leaves supplied with glutamine and chorismate |
showed significant differences in |
enhanced ASA α-subunit protein |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| enhanced growth in GS transgenic poplars |
is at least in part correlated with |
the role that glutamine plays in regulating IAA production |
Populus sp. |
| (AMI1, ATAMI1, ATTOC64-I, TOC64-I, AT1G08980) |
directly converts |
IAM to IAA |
|
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
catalyses |
formation of indole pyruvic acid from tryptophan |
|
| isolation of IAM synthesis gene |
will complete |
auxin biosynthetic pathway |
|
| ethylene |
regulates auxin biosynthesis through |
activation of anthranilase synthase subunits |
|
| (AtSTY1, SRS1, STY1, AT3G51060) |
activates expression of |
(AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| aldehyde oxidase (AO) in plants |
catalyse |
synthesis of indole acetic acid |
|
| HDA6-dependent histone deacetylation |
represses |
YUCCA1 (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
|
| indole-3-acetamide (IAM) to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) conversion |
is part of |
auxin biosynthesis pathway |
|
| (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) expression in jaz4-1 differentiated root zone |
shows |
no significant change |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| reduction of (TRP, AT3G56390) levels |
leads to decreased |
auxin production |
|
| SULFUREA (SULF) gene |
is involved in |
auxin biosynthesis |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| tryptophan-dependent pathway |
appears to be |
intact |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (AtNIT3, NIT3, AT3G44320) gene |
shows down-regulation of ~2-fold in |
TM-4 after 6 h exposure to 250 μM As(III) |
Brassica juncea |
| auxin biosynthesis |
starts with |
tryptophan |
|
| shoot meristems |
are believed to synthesize auxin mainly via |
tryptophan-independent pathway |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| HDA6-dependent histone deacetylation |
represses |
(YUC7, AT2G33230) |
|
| auxin biosynthetic genes |
are differentially expressed in response to |
auxin |
|
| ethylene |
up-regulates |
auxin biosynthesis in the root apex |
|
| (SPT, AT4G36930) |
may promote |
auxin biosynthesis in gynoecial apex |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtNIT3, NIT3, AT3G44320) gene |
shows up-regulation of 2-fold in |
TPM-1 after 6 h exposure to 250 μM As(III) |
Brassica juncea |
| SUP |
bridges floral meristem determinacy and organogenesis through |
fine-tuning of auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| aluminum (Al) toxicity |
largely enhances expression of |
YUCCA genes |
|
| plants |
are able to synthesize |
IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) |
|
| Heatin application |
results in in vivo accumulation of |
bioactive IAA and its precursors IAN |
|
| cytochrome P450 (CYP79B2, AT4G39950) |
metabolizes |
l-tryptophan into indole-3-acetaldoxime |
|
| NIT1-subfamily enzymes |
may indirectly affect the response to |
Heatin |
|
| (AVB1, IFL, IFL1, REV, AT5G60690) and (KAN, KAN1, AT5G16560) |
jointly regulate |
YUCCA5 (SUPER1, YUC5, AT5G43890) |
|
| AGAMOUS (AG) |
synergistically activates expression of |
(AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
|
| AGAMOUS (AG) |
regulates expression of |
YUCCA4 (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
|
| Barley RNAi lines and the complementation of cts-1 |
suggest a role for HvABCD proteins in |
IBA metabolism |
Hordeum vulgare; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole-3-acetamide (IAM) |
can be incorporated into |
plant cells |
|
| STYLISH (STY) genes |
may promote |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ethylene |
stimulates |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SPT, AT4G36930) expression |
may be directly responding to |
auxin biosynthesis in developing gynoecia |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| chorismate availability |
may be rate-limiting for |
IAA production in tobacco |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| SOSU1 mutant |
harbours |
suppressor mutation that conditions enhanced accumulation of auxin |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (KAT2, PED1, PKT3, AT2G33150) mutant seedlings |
display |
IBA-resistant phenotype in root elongation assays |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| two auxin biosynthesis pathways |
are non-redundant |
auxin synthesis |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| tryptophan-dependent pathway |
is |
functional |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| sequential hydrolysis of glucosinolates by myrosinases and nitrilases |
forms |
indole acetic acid |
|
| REVOLUTA (AVB1, IFL, IFL1, REV, AT5G60690) |
directly and positively regulates the expression of |
auxin biosynthesis genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) and (AtTAR2, TAR2, AT4G24670) genes of indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway |
activates |
auxin production |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ech2ibr1ibr3ibr10 quadruple mutants |
are defective in |
enzymes of the IBA-to-IAA conversion pathway |
Arabidopsis |
| auxin biosynthetic genes |
had decreased expression in |
(CRN, SOL2, AT5G13290) compared to WT |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| brassinolide (BL) treatment |
increases |
auxin levels in root tip |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) and YUCCA 8 (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) |
increase |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) accumulation in root apex |
|
| yuc6-1D mutant |
has |
elevated free IAA levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tryptophan-independent biosynthesis of IAA in tomato |
first evidence provided by |
Epstein et al. (2002) |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| tryptamine |
applied in feeding experiments does not restore |
growth defect of sulfurea |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| action of 2-NOA and CHPAA |
might stimulate |
synthesis of endogenous auxin |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| β-oxidation |
mediates activation of |
signalling molecules including auxin indole acetic acid |
Zea mays |
| sulfurea mutant |
suffers from |
specific defect in tryptophan-independent auxin biosynthesis |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| cytokinin response regulator ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 1 (ARR1, RR1, AT3G16857) |
activates expression of |
auxin biosynthesis gene (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| low nitrogen deficiency |
activates |
(CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) auxin synthesis module |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IPA route |
is not required for |
R. fascians-triggered (CYCD3, CYCD3;1, AT4G34160) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| young seedlings |
are thought to rely on |
tryptophan-dependent auxin biosynthesis |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| auxin accumulation in root of Mt-RD64 plants |
may inhibit |
IAA synthesis in shoot |
Medicago truncatula |
| auxin deprivation |
stimulates |
synthesis of endogenous auxin |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| auxin synthesis deficiency |
is most probably due to |
block in tryptophan-independent indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| indole |
applied in feeding experiments does not restore |
growth defect of sulfurea |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| external application of IAA |
promoted |
survival of sulfurea seedlings |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| ectopic expression of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis from root-activated promoter |
might produce similar result to |
transient system for local and continuous delivery of IAA |
|
| up-regulation of (TSB2, AT4G27070) (BGLU37, TGG2, AT5G25980) and (AtNIT3, NIT3, AT3G44320) genes in TPM-1 |
was seen in |
TPM-1 after 6 h |
Brassica juncea |
| yuc6-1D activation mutant |
contains elevated levels of |
free IAA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| induction of the tryptophan-dependent pathway |
promoted |
survival of sulfurea seedlings |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| tryptophan conversion to IAA via tryptamine and indole-3-acetaldehyde |
takes place in |
cytosol |
|
| decreased expression of major auxin biosynthesis genes |
probably resulted in |
reduction of auxin in lateral root primordium initiation sites |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| early LRPs without transported auxin |
might not have sufficient |
auxin synthesized by early LRPs for their continued development |
|
| conserved NADPH binding site of FMOs |
is required for |
YUCCA6 function in auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATSCP2, SCP2, AT5G42890) |
would not be involved in binding or transfer of |
auxin precursors |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| vtc2-5 tissues |
may exhibit an increased production of |
endogenous auxin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| sulfurea SAMs |
do not produce |
auxin |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| (CYP79B2, AT4G39950) (CYP79B3, AT2G22330) double knockout mutant |
has phenotype suggestive of |
low cellular auxin concentrations |
|
| auxin biosynthesis |
is highest in |
gametophore |
|
| histone acetylation |
indirectly upregulates |
(YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) gene expression in protoplasts |
|
| presumptive pathways of auxin biosynthesis from tryptophan |
are summarized in |
this review |
|
| ethylene and ACC |
transcriptionally activate |
(ASB1, TRP4, WEI7, AT1G25220) (anthranilate synthase β1) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
is expressed in |
embryonic apical area after globular stages |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PIF-mediated (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) expression |
primarily occurs in |
cotyledons |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| upregulation of CrTAA1 and CrYUC9 in crful-1 |
was abolished in |
crful-1 crind-1 ge double mutant |
Capsella rubella |
| (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) mutant |
is allelic to |
YUCCA4 gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| bin2-1 expression in outer tissues ( (ATMYB66, MYB66, WER, WER1, AT5G14750) pro and (ANAC070, BRN2, NAC070, AT4G10350) pro) |
blocks |
(YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) elevation in response to brassinolide (BL) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| bacterial cytokinins |
specifically target |
indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tryptamine (TAM) pathway |
is |
Trp-dependent pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IPA pathway |
is specifically targeted by |
D188 infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TRP, AT3G56390) |
is a precursor in |
auxin synthesis |
Zea mays |
| tryptophan-independent pathway |
localization is |
still unknown |
|
| YUCCA6 activation mutant yuc6-1D |
contains |
elevated free IAA level |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC10, AT1G48910) gene expression |
is upregulated in roots of |
PtrXB38-OE plants |
Populus tremula × Populus alba |
| shoot meristem |
appears to be site of |
auxin biosynthesis |
Physcomitrella patens; Marchantia polymorpha |
| auxin biosynthetic inhibitors BBo and PPBo |
target |
IAA biosynthetic enzyme YUCCA in Arabidopsis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| excised single-layered LRPs |
should have synthesized |
auxin to maintain their own development |
|
| auxin biosynthesis involving TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS (TAA) enzymes |
has previously been implicated in |
developmental responses including lateral root (LR) formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ERF109, RRTF1, AT4G34410) |
directly binds to GCC-boxes in the promoters of |
(AMT1, ASA1, JDL1, TRP5, WEI2, AT5G05730) and (AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| cytokinin perception |
induces expression of |
(YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
|
| YUC6ox line |
had |
IAA levels up-regulated in the shoot |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin biosynthesis in meristems |
is affected in |
sulfurea mutant |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
catalyse |
final rate-limiting step in primary IAA biosynthetic pathway |
|
| accumulated IAOx in (ATR4, CYP83B1, RED1, RNT1, SUR2, AT4G31500) mutants |
is channeled to |
sub-pathways (1-1) or (1-2) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CYP79B2, AT4G39950) |
is responsible for diverting |
tryptophan into IAA production |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) |
synthesizes |
auxin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) and (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) |
participate in |
induction of auxin synthesis by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BL treatment |
especially in |
hypocotyls, petioles, and cotyledons |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| peroxisomes |
house |
β-oxidation of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) |
plants |
| ethylene treatment with Ethrel |
causes slight increase and expression of |
auxin (indole acetic acid; IAA) biosynthetic genes |
|
| physiological importance of IBA-derived IAA |
has been demonstrated conclusively in |
Arabidopsis by elegant genetic analysis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| barley RNAi lines with suppression of HvABCD1 and HvABCD2 |
indicated roles in |
metabolism of indole butyric acid (IBA) |
Hordeum vulgare |
| root tip cells |
have capacity to synthesize |
auxin locally |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA family members |
show that local auxin synthesis is important and that |
YUCCA family members have unique as well as overlapping functions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| wounding |
induces |
tryptophan-dependent pathway |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| YUCCA flavin monooxygenase |
is |
key enzyme in the auxin synthesis pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA |
is required for |
rapid increase in auxin levels after low R:FR treatment |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TRYPTOPHANE AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
encodes |
auxin-biosynthesis enzyme |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA family |
consists of |
11 genes divided into five clades |
Capsella rubella |
| yuc1D mutants |
show enhanced auxin levels due to |
increased expression of YUCCA1 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| photosynthetic sucrose |
acts as long-distance signal carrier regulating |
local tryptophan-based biosynthesis of auxin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| expression levels of these genes |
did not change in |
DEX- or mock-treated EV7 seedlings |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| disruption of auxin transport by down-regulating (112A-2A, EMB30, GN, GNOM, MIZ2, VAN7, AT1G13980) expression |
shows that auxin transport may sensitively affect |
auxin synthesis by an unknown pathway |
|
| significantly decreased expression of key genes for local auxin biosynthesis |
implies |
local auxin synthesis is probably decreased |
|
| ibr1ibr3ibr10 mutants |
are defective in |
enzymes of the IBA-to-IAA conversion pathway |
Arabidopsis |
| flavin monooxygenases YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) family |
catalyzes step in |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production from L-tryptophan |
|
| auxin biosynthetic pathway |
is |
not fully understood at the biochemical level |
|
| L-Kynurenine and Yucasin treatment |
led to |
fruits with strongly reduced shoulder indices |
Capsella rubella |
| local auxin biosynthesis |
is recognized as important throughout |
plant development |
|
| iaaM coding sequence |
is fused with |
CrIND promoter |
|
| indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) pathway |
is improbable to be principally |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| multiple pathways for auxin biosynthesis |
is supported by |
genetic evidence |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA1 gene |
is believed to be directly involved in |
tryptophan-dependent IAA biosynthesis via the IPyA pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin concentration in high R/FR |
was normal in |
pif4pif5 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indolacetic acid biosynthesis genes |
were downregulated upon |
ARR1ΔDDK induction |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) |
is |
most abundant endogenous auxin |
|
| plants with reduced BR levels |
are resistant to |
critical loss of auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
catalyzes step in |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production from L-tryptophan |
|
| (BEL1, AT5G41410) transcription factors |
targets |
YUCCA1a |
|
| HD-ZIP III transcription factors |
control the expression of |
auxin biosynthesis genes |
|
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) and (CYP79B2, AT4G39950) |
code for |
auxin biosynthetic enzymes |
|
| repression of (ATMYC2, JAI1, JIN1, MYC2, RD22BP1, ZBF1, AT1G32640) synthesis |
relieves |
inhibition of IAA synthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| suspensor cells |
are known to |
synthesize IAA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| JA |
triggers substrate production for |
subsequent auxin synthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| activated sub-pathways of auxin biosynthesis |
increased |
auxin pool |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (PEX6, AT1G03000) mutants |
display |
response to a peroxisomally metabolized auxin precursor |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) |
has |
(A-PUT2, bHLHb1, PIF5, PIL6, AT3G59060) binding sites in promoter |
|
| relief of inhibition of IAA synthesis |
increases |
cellular IAA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| JA |
induces |
formation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) by direct induction of IAA synthesis-related genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BL-triggered increase of endogenous IAA levels in roots |
is likely due to |
induction in auxin biosynthetic genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| enhanced IAOX pathway in (AtSAM2, MAT2, SAM-2, SAM2, AT4G01850) |
was mainly used in |
biosynthesis of hydroxyl-GS rather than IAA |
Brassica napus |
| auxins |
are synthesized by |
achenes |
Fragaria × ananassa |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) mutant seedlings |
are deficient in |
biosynthetic enzyme (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) required for the rapid increase in free IAA levels after simulated shade perception |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| local auxin synthesis |
maintains stability of |
auxin concentration gradient |
|
| (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) |
increased its expression only under |
low R:FR conditions but not in response to low irradiance |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| vitamin B6 in its form as pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) |
is required as cofactor for |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) mutant |
is deficient for |
shade-induced increase in auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| disruption of auxin transport by down-regulating (112A-2A, EMB30, GN, GNOM, MIZ2, VAN7, AT1G13980) expression |
decreased |
expression level of auxin biosynthesis genes |
|
| MAP kinase signaling |
regulates |
conversion of auxin precursors to active auxin |
|
| (A-PUT2, bHLHb1, PIF5, PIL6, AT3G59060) |
is responsible for |
shade-induced (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) expression |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| shade stimulus |
increases |
level of auxin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MeJA application |
triggers increase in |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BL treatment |
induced |
ASB1pro:GUS expression in hypocotyls and petioles |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| expression of auxin biosynthetic genes |
was induced more obviously in |
hypocotyl |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| levels of IAM in gul1 / sur2-7 |
were reduced in |
mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (SUPER1, YUC5, AT5G43890) |
is |
auxin biosynthesis gene |
Gossypium hirsutum |
| (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
is specifically expressed in |
suspensor |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
is expressed in |
most apical cells of 16-cell stage proembryos |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lower levels of IAA conjugates and catabolites |
indicate that |
IAA biosynthesis is downregulated in wox135 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin signaling pathway under low phosphorus (P) |
requires |
TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) for auxin synthesis |
|
| induction of (AtNIT2, NIT2, AT3G44300) expression |
was strongly reduced upon infection of |
(AHK3, HK3, ROCK3, AT1G27320) (AHK4, ATCRE1, CRE1, WOL, WOL1, AT2G01830) mutant |
|
| IAA biosynthesis |
occurs via |
Trp-independent pathways |
|
| (AMT1, ASA1, JDL1, TRP5, WEI2, AT5G05730) (ASB1, TRP4, WEI7, AT1G25220) (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) (TAR1, AT1G23320) (AtTAR2, TAR2, AT4G24670) (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) and (AtYUC6, YUC6, AT5G25620) |
expression is downregulated in |
tic-2 roots |
|
| spl-D (SPOROCYTELESS dominant) mutant |
suppresses expression of |
auxin synthesis genes (AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) and (AtYUC6, YUC6, AT5G25620) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| stunted root growth of (ATPDX1, ATPDX1.3, PDX1, PDX1.3, RSR4, AT5G01410) mutant |
results from impairment in |
local auxin production |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) |
is one of |
(YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes up-regulated in shade |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) |
is involved in |
auxin biosynthesis |
Oryza sativa |
| 4-phenoxyphenylboronic acid (PPBo) |
specifically inhibits |
YUCCA family (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
|
| 4-phenoxyphenylboronic acid (PPBo) |
specifically inhibits |
(YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) activity |
|
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
catalyzes formation of |
indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) and (AtTAR2, TAR2, AT4G24670) |
function in |
auxin biosynthesis |
|
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) mutants |
display |
auxin-related phenotypes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| root hair transcriptome data |
identified induction of |
Tryptophan Amino-transferase Related (LjTar1) auxin biosynthesis gene |
Lotus japonicus |
| IPyA |
was more abundant in |
'Akatsuki' than in 'Manami' at S2 |
Prunus persica |
| IPyA |
was not altered between S3 and S4 in |
'Manami' |
Prunus persica |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) (TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1) |
is involved in |
IAA biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
is expressed in |
discrete and dynamic patterns during development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| purified (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) (P166S) mutant form |
shows no detectable |
aminotransferase activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
is |
whole-gene translational fusion with GFP |
|
| LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (AtLEC2, LEC2, AT1G28300) |
can directly regulate |
TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) auxin biosynthetic genes |
are expressed at |
base of young embryos |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CrIND |
activates expression of |
auxin biosynthesis genes |
Capsella rubella |
| sucrose (Suc) feeding to cotyledon-excised seedlings |
reversed |
effect of excision |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUC6ox line |
had |
IPyA levels not significantly different from wild-type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA4, YUCCA6, YUCCA7, and (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) |
are repressed in |
ren1-D mutant roots |
Oryza sativa |
| (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
responded to shade in |
RNA-seq analysis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) (YUC3, AT1G04610) (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) and (SUPER1, YUC5, AT5G43890) |
had no clear shade response observed by |
RT-qPCR analysis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| redox-sensitive transcription factors TCPs |
regulate |
(YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) expression and auxin biosynthesis |
|
| ethylene |
induces |
(ASB1, TRP4, WEI7, AT1G25220) |
|
| CVP2-driven expression of YUCCA1 |
could not rescue |
bri 3 mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| yuc1D |
is |
auxin biosynthesis mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA family members |
act downstream of |
(CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
|
| onset of (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) expression at proembryo apex |
is reflected by |
new focus of auxin production at proembryo apex |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| UV-B |
inhibited |
accumulation of (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) and (IAA29, AT4G32280) transcript abundance at both temperatures |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtRLP10, CLV2, AT1G65380) (CRN, SOL2, AT5G13290) |
are not critically required for |
TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) -mediated conversion of tryptophan to indole-3-pyruvate (IPA) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA) tryptophan-dependent pathway |
plays important developmental roles in |
embryogenesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
is expressed in |
embryonic apical area after globular stages |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| tryptophan aminotransferases family (e.g., TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) ) |
catalyzes step in |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production from L-tryptophan |
|
| indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) production |
is widely distributed among |
fungi |
|
| TAA1-GFP translational reporter |
shows upregulated protein levels in |
root apices under low nitrogen |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| low nitrogen deficiency |
induces |
(CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) auxin synthesis module in root apical meristem |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| main auxin biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis |
is |
indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CYP79B2, AT4G39950) |
transcription is upregulated upon |
D188 infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| shoot tissues of TAA1ox line |
showed |
an increase in the levels of the IAA precursors TRA and IAAld |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC3, AT1G04610) |
is specifically expressed in |
suspensor |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) |
directly activates expression of |
(CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) |
|
| TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
cooperates with |
indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA)-converting enzyme YUCCA 8 (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) |
|
| bacterial cytokinins |
stimulate |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CYP71A13, AT2G30770) |
transcription is upregulated upon |
D188 infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway |
consists of |
(TRP, AT3G56390) AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED proteins (TAR1, AT1G23320) and (AtTAR2, TAR2, AT4G24670) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes |
code for |
enzymes that control a rate-limiting step in auxin biosynthesis |
|
| transcriptional activation of IAA biosynthetic pathway in (AHB2, ARATH GLB2, ATGLB2, GLB2, HB2, NSHB2, PGB2, AT3G10520) −/− line |
is accompanied by |
increased endogenous levels of IAA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) and (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) gene expression |
demonstrates |
partial functional overlap between the two genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| inhibition of auxin biosynthesis |
affects |
development of wild-type fruits |
Capsella rubella |
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) mutant |
is allelic to |
YUCCA1 gene |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| brassinolide (BL) |
elevates |
auxin biosynthesis in epidermis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole pyruvate (IPA) route biosynthesis genes |
were transcriptionally activated |
in infected tissues |
|
| (PRS, PRS1, WOX3, AT2G28610) |
promotes |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Four Trp-dependent pathways |
may contribute to |
auxin production in Arabidopsis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IAA biosynthesis |
occurs via |
tryptophan (Trp) precursor pathway |
|
| TAA1ox line |
showed increase in |
IPyA and IAA levels in both root and shoot tissues |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MeJA treatment |
promotes |
production of auxin |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| spi1 |
is homolog of |
AtYUC |
Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin biosynthesis gene (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
affects |
auxin accumulation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PpYUC11 |
was highly expressed in |
ripening 'Akatsuki' fruit |
Prunus persica |
| tryptamine pathway |
is |
Trp-dependent auxin biosynthetic pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| L-tryptophan (L-Trp) |
is the preferred physiological substrate of |
TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) |
is involved in |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ALF1, HLS3, RTY, RTY1, SUR1, AT2G20610) rooty mutant |
contains IAA contents five- to 20-fold higher than |
wild type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA genes |
encode |
flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) |
is produced in |
several tissues of the root meristem |
|
| l-kynurenine (Kyn) |
inhibits |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole-3-acidic acid (IAA) biosynthesis and concentration site |
coincides with |
expression site of TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) and YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) enzymes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Rhodococcus fascians |
produces auxin via |
indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway |
Rhodococcus fascians |
| indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) |
is derived from |
tryptophan |
Brassica napus |
| STYLISH and NGATHA (NGA) transcription factors |
promote |
expression of YUCCA4 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SNP (nitric oxide donor) |
represses expression of |
TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED 1 (TAR1, AT1G23320) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GO enrichment analysis |
identified |
auxin biosynthesis functions |
Zea mays |
| PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (AtPIF4, PIF4, SRL2, AT2G43010) |
promotes |
auxin biosynthesis |
|
| SNP (nitric oxide donor) |
inhibits |
TAA enzymatic activity |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transposon insertion in 5′-flanking region of PpYUC11 |
is related to |
suppression of PpYUC11 induction at late-ripening stage |
Prunus persica |
| indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) pathway |
is |
Trp-dependent auxin biosynthetic pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| local auxin production |
plays role in |
plant growth and development |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IPA-dependent route |
is parallel to |
IAOx-dependent route |
|
| TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED 2 (AtTAR2, TAR2, AT4G24670) |
has expression pattern in |
root tissues |
|
| WOX genes |
regulate |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) mediated by overexpression of YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes in the shoot |
could not rescue |
auxin deficiency symptoms in the root of YUC-defective mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin concentration changes |
can be achieved by |
modulating the indole-3-pyruvate (IPA) pathway or other auxin sources/sinks in the root tip |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) via indole-3-acetamide (IAM) |
is possibly not |
biologically relevant |
Brassicaceae |
| indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway |
consists of |
(TRP, AT3G56390) AMINOTRANSFERASE 1/WEAK ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 8 ( (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) ) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| impaired development of symptoms |
is caused by |
defective plant IPA pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtYUC2, YUC2, AT4G13260) expression |
gradually increases with |
declining red/far-red ratio |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| high expression of (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes |
results in |
increased auxin levels |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| shoot excision |
caused |
decrease in TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) accumulation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) (YUCCA 8) |
GFP-derived fluorescence increases under |
low nitrogen deficiency |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CYP79B2, AT4G39950) /B3 orthologs |
are not found |
outside Brassicaceae |
|
| (AMI1, ATAMI1, ATTOC64-I, TOC64-I, AT1G08980) |
expression pattern is comparable in |
all samples |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| trp-dependent (T-D) pathway |
is the predominant route in |
developing kernels of maize |
Zea mays |
| fishbone mutant |
showed diverse serious phenotypes due to |
defective auxin biosynthesis |
Oryza sativa |
| TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
was downregulated upon |
ARR1ΔDDK induction |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| bacterial auxin biosynthesis gene iaaM |
expression under CrIND promoter leads to |
shoulders extended further than wild-type |
Capsella rubella |
| indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) |
can be directed to |
biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) via indole-3-acetamide (IAM) |
Brassicaceae |
| YUCCA proteins |
catalyse synthesis of |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) and TAA genes |
showed higher expression in |
lines combining IBA metabolism and IAA-conjugate hydrolase mutations |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| higher expression of (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) and TAA genes |
indicates |
increase in this main biosynthetic pathway |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| YUCCA (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) |
transforms |
indole-3-pyruvic acid into IAA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mesophyll/epidermis |
appeared to be a major site of |
shade-induced auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NMO |
could be converted to |
auxin |
|
| tryptophan-dependent auxin biosynthesis pathway |
is |
major route of auxin biosynthesis |
|
| wild-type (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) |
catalyzes conversion of |
tryptophan to indole-3-pyruvate |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (TRP, AT3G56390) biosynthetic enzyme genes upregulation |
copes with |
heightened demand for auxin precursors |
|
| (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes |
expression in gynoeciums suggests role in |
auxin production in formation of auxin gradient |
|
| PC interdigitation |
is compromised in leaves deficient in |
auxin biosynthesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IAA content |
is higher in |
PtrXB38-OE plants than in control plants |
Populus tremula × Populus alba |
| ethylene |
stimulates |
auxin biosynthesis |
|
| ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 1 (ARR1, RR1, AT3G16857) in the transition zone (TZ) |
regulates |
auxin production |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ERF109, RRTF1, AT4G34410) |
regulates |
lateral root formation |
|
| (CKRC2, YUC8, YUCCA8, AT4G28720) and (YUC9, YUCCA9, AT1G04180) |
are probably not the only components of |
auxin formation downstream of (AMT1, ASA1, JDL1, TRP5, WEI2, AT5G05730) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) |
is biosynthesized from |
tryptophan |
|
| yucasin |
may be specific to |
IAA-producing (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) enzyme(s) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| yucasin |
blocks |
indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production |
Coffea canephora |
| differentially localized auxin synthase isoforms YUCCA4 (AtYUC4, YUC4, AT5G11320) |
are parallelized by |
individual gene products of the (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) family in Arabidopsis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Pseudarthrobacter sp. NIBRBAC000502770 |
was found to produce |
high amount of indole acetic acid |
|
| auxin levels and responses |
are regulated via |
biosynthesis |
|
| four (YUC, YUC1, AT4G32540) genes |
expression is rapidly induced in a PIF-dependent manner |
|
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| members of (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) /TAR family |
only TAA1 showed |
higher expression in shoulders relative to base |
Capsella rubella |
| indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway |
catalyzes |
conversion of L-tryptophan (Trp) into indole-3-acidic acid (IAA) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CYP71A13, AT2G30770) |
transcription is upregulated upon |
D188-5 infection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AtNIT2, NIT2, AT3G44300) |
could be a target of |
both microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and cytokinins |
|
| auxin synthesis genes |
are expressed in |
mature gametangia |
Physcomitrella patens |
| mn1 kernels |
are highly deficient for |
indole-acetic acid (IAA) |
Zea mays |
| (TAR1, AT1G23320) expression |
was altered in |
developing endosperm of mn1 mutant |
Zea mays |