Notice: Database construction is still in progress. Certain features may be incomplete, slower than usual, or temporarily unavailable while we re-ingest the knowledge graph with citation data. Thank you for your patience.
← All pathways

anther development

18665 relationships annotated with this phrase. Showing first 500 of 18665.
Source entity Relationship Target entity Species
knockout of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) caused adverse impact on anther development in Ler-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
OsALKBH5 protein levels in anthers tended to stay high after stage 10 Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica
development of the hvtdf1-2 dPMCs progressed at a similar pace as in WT PMC stage Hordeum vulgare
polymorphism in the regulatory region of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) enabled (ACBP3, AT4G24230) function in anther development in Ler-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
upregulation of (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) failed to rescue acbp3-2 phenotype Arabidopsis thaliana
(AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) tapetum morphology appeared normal and different from known mutants with defective tapetum (e.g. (DYT1, AT4G21330) and (AMS, AT2G16910) ) Arabidopsis thaliana
Tapetal cell number increase in hvtdf1 mutant occurred at Meiosis I to Microspore release stage Hordeum vulgare
differential developmental progress observed between the abaxial and the adaxial lobes in (bZIP21, TGA9, AT1G08320) (bZIP65, TGA10, AT5G06839) anthers indicates that four lobes do not develop simultaneously Arabidopsis thaliana
highly-expressed transcripts and proteins of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) in Ler-0 anthers promote anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
delayed expression in most pathways in hvtdf1 corresponds to phenotype observed from anther sections Hordeum vulgare
differences in the regulatory network governing anther development between Ler-0 and Col-0 exist between Ler-0 and Col-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
hvtdf1-2 plants had smaller anthers compared to WT Hordeum vulgare
meiosis process of PMCs is not independent it requires communication between germline cells and the surrounding tapetal cells Hordeum vulgare
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) mutants in Col-0 is similar to acbp3-2 mutant in Ler-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
genetic polymorphism in the regulatory region of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) enables downstream function of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) to be regulated by (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) Arabidopsis thaliana
meiosis could not be observed in hvtdf1-2 dPMCs Hordeum vulgare
OsALKBH5 mRNA in anthers generally increased until Stage 10 and then decreased OsALKBH5 mRNA abundance Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica
WT tapetum cells and meiotic microspore cells (MMCs) were deeply stained using 0.05% toluidine blue solution indicating active biological processes Hordeum vulgare
anther primordium forms from floral meristem
OsERS1 transcript levels in anther are relatively high during stages 3 to 6 Oryza sativa
OsFBK1 overexpression transgenics showed aberrant appearances of ridged anther cuticle Oryza sativa
Attdf1 mutant showed extensive increased tapetal cell divisions Arabidopsis thaliana
Genes from Cluster B started expression at stage 7 and peaked at 8a2, then decreased at stage 8b indicating stage-specific expression Hordeum vulgare
rescued anther phenotype in acbp3-2 × La-0 supports hypothesis of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) function in Ler-0 and ERECTA signaling pathway relationship Arabidopsis thaliana
Spikes from the hvtdf1-2 mutant were collected from stage 8a2 to 8b with two biological replicates Hordeum vulgare
acbp3-1 × er-1 did not exhibit the same phenotype as acbp3-2 Arabidopsis thaliana
polymorphism within the (ACBP3, AT4G24230) promoter enabled (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) function in anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
no obvious tetrads could be observed in mutant line Hordeum vulgare
tapetum layer shows least ROS accumulation anther development stage 5
observed defect for acbp3-2 in sporocyte formation within adaxial lobes supports regulatory role of (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) on (ACBP3, AT4G24230) expression in Ler-0 anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
knockout mutants of six BZR genes show abnormal sporocyte formation Arabidopsis thaliana
differential impact of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) on abaxial and adaxial lobe development observed in -2 anthers imply that (ACBP3, AT4G24230) likely functions downstream of (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) in Ler-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
WT tapetum cells at tetrad stage stained much darker and started the condensation process with tetrads attached to the inner tapetum surface Hordeum vulgare
primary sporogenous cell layer in staged-3 anthers of (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) failed to form microsporocytes Arabidopsis thaliana
these results may explain the observed delayed endomitosis and irregular meiosis phenotype Hordeum vulgare
(NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) has well-established role in sporocyte formation Arabidopsis thaliana
AtVRLK1 overexpression (OE) plants show severe sterility with anther dehiscence failure Arabidopsis thaliana
GRXs regulate differentiation of microsporocytes Oryza sativa; Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana
OsFBK1 plays role in development of rice anthers Oryza sativa
reported exclusion of (MIR319, MIR319B, AT5G41663) from late anther development explains absence of (MIR319, MIR319B, AT5G41663) from pollen
comparison between hvtdf1-2 stage 8b vs WT stage 8b was performed to control for developmental stage differences Hordeum vulgare
recovery of normal anthers in acbp3-2 × La-0 plants substantiates that (ACBP3, AT4G24230) function is related to the ER-mediated signaling pathway Arabidopsis thaliana
(NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) function differs in Col-0 and Ler-0 ecotypes Arabidopsis thaliana
anther development stage 5 all four somatic cell layers are established anther development
ACBP3pro (Ler)::ACBP3::GFP rescued aberrant adaxial anther lobe formation Arabidopsis thaliana
anthers in COM-L flowers appear normal Arabidopsis thaliana
distinct function of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) in Ler-0 is not solely attributed to er mutation Arabidopsis thaliana
delay in development is supported by both the morphology and transcriptome data Hordeum vulgare
ERECTA modulates (ACBP3, AT4G24230) function differently in Landsberg and Columbia Arabidopsis thaliana
delayed pathways endorses retarded anther morphology Hordeum vulgare L.
WT during microspore development stage showed vacuoles in the microspores increased in size, resulting in round, mature microspores with off-set nuclei Hordeum vulgare
comparison of the transcriptome changes, particularly downregulated genes (q < 0.05 and Fold change < −1) was performed between the barley and Arabidopsis (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) mutants Hordeum vulgare; Arabidopsis thaliana
proper (ACBP3, AT4G24230) expression is crucial for anther development in Ler-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) and (AMS, AT2G16910) each takes responsibility to regulate key anther developmental processes Hordeum vulgare; Arabidopsis thaliana
COM-C plants harboring ACBP3pro (Col)::ACBP3::GFP were used to complement acbp3-2 mutant Arabidopsis thaliana
abnormal (ACBP3, AT4G24230) expression adversely affects anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
hvtdf1-2 tapetum cells did not show detectable endomitosis Hordeum vulgare
WT tapetum layer during microspore development stage started degeneration and became thinner Hordeum vulgare
homozygous Arabidopsis (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) mutant plants carrying the HvTDF1 gene showed recovered fertility as evidenced by elongated siliques, fully formed dehiscent anthers and viable pollen Arabidopsis thaliana
barley homozygous mutant plants had no seed filling in mutant spikes Hordeum vulgare
tapetal cell numbers on independent transverse sections were counted in hvtdf1-2 mutant and the WT Hordeum vulgare
ACBP3pro (Ler)::ACBP3::GFP showed high expression in anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
double mutant of (bZIP21, TGA9, AT1G08320) and (bZIP65, TGA10, AT5G06839) exhibit normal abaxial anther lobes but variable or disorganized adaxial lobes Arabidopsis thaliana
differential anther morphology observed between acbp3-1 × er-1 and acbp3-2 plants is consistent with differential acyl-CoA content between acbp3-1 × er-1 and acbp3-2 plants Arabidopsis thaliana
HvTDF1 starts to express in spikes from Pollen Mother Cell (PMC) stage until the tetrad stage Hordeum vulgare
development process in the hvtdf1 mutant appears delayed by almost one stage compared with WT Hordeum vulgare
ROS accumulation in tapetum layer starts from anther meiosis initiation
ACBP3pro (Ler)::ACBP3 restored anther development in acbp3-2 Arabidopsis thaliana
ACBP3pro (Col)::ACBP3 did not restore (ACBP3, AT4G24230) expression in -2 Arabidopsis thaliana
(NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) interaction with the AT~TATA Box influences anther development and acyl-CoA homeostasis Arabidopsis thaliana
SPOROCYTELESS/NOZZLE ( (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) ) play pivotal roles in specification of archesporial cell fate and delineation of archesporial and somatic cells Arabidopsis thaliana
GRF-GIF duo is novel positive regulator in specifying archesporial cells Arabidopsis thaliana
loss of function of OsERS1 causes abnormal anther morphogenesis Oryza sativa
OsCCR14 could play important roles in lignification in anthers Oryza sativa
OsROXY2 is detectable in tetrads Oryza sativa
ERECTA-related role of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) is not required in Col-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
osers1 anther at stage 3 has PPCs organized in irregular mosaic pattern Oryza sativa
comparison of transcriptome data between the hvtdf1 mutant and WT was conducted to understand the biological function of HvTDF1 in barley anther development Hordeum vulgare
consistent high expression level of (AMS, AT2G16910) from the anther development stage 7–8b is critical for normal anther development Hordeum vulgare
wild-type barley shows equivalent progression of anther development until stage 7 Hordeum vulgare
somatic and germline cell layers in anther show specific dynamic hypoxia and ROS production in each cell layer
enrichment of highly active metabolic processes in (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) suggests anther status is still under developmental flux when (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) is expressed Arabidopsis thaliana
normal anthers in acbp3-1 × er-1 support that (ACBP3, AT4G24230) did not function through the ER-mediated signaling pathway in Col-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
osers1 anther wall layers in later stages had stronger H2O2 signals compared with wild-type anther wall layers Oryza sativa
high-temperature injury to anther development is correlated with depletion of the phytohormone auxin Hordeum vulgare; Arabidopsis thaliana
cell surface-localized leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) function in determining early anther cell fate Oryza sativa; Arabidopsis thaliana
cool-weather damage in rice causes abnormal abortion of developing pollen Oryza sativa
L2 layer undergoes rapid cell division at stage 2 and generates L2-derived (L2-d) cells
transcription factors have critical functions in specifying cell lineage and the fate of germ and somatic cells Arabidopsis thaliana; Oryza sativa; Zea mays
MIL1 expression shows no significant difference between wild-type and osers1 anthers Oryza sativa
TGA transcription factors function in anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
Ligands of LRR-RLKs function in determining early anther cell fate Oryza sativa; Arabidopsis thaliana
osers1 anthers have adaxial fused lobes Oryza sativa
changes in redox status and cell behavior leads to changes in anther development Oryza sativa
L1 layer forming a rigid enclosure aggravates disarranged cell layers Oryza sativa
ccc anthers failed to dehisce Arabidopsis thaliana
TaNAC69 genes is developmentally regulated in anthers Triticum aestivum
early and excessive autophagy and premature PCD of tapetal cells ultimately leading to metabolic reprogramming and interruption of anther development Zea mays
detailed mechanisms of sugar transport among four layers remain elusive anther development
SlIDA promoter-β-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion construct shows weak GUS activity in stamens at earliest stages of anther development Solanum lycopersicum
OsROXY2 is expressed in anthers Oryza sativa
hormones have critical functions in specifying cell lineage and the fate of germ and somatic cells Arabidopsis thaliana; Oryza sativa; Zea mays
GRXs trigger archesporial fate determination by controlling redox status Oryza sativa; Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana
archesporial cells might silence mitochondria Zea mays
enclosed niche in anther primordium provides hypoxic conditions for archesporial cells Zea mays
OsFBK1 overexpression line anthers did not show apparent size reduction Oryza sativa
hypoxia maintains proper division and cell fate determination Zea mays
untreated osers1 anther had 139.3 L2-d cells and 18.5 sporogenous-like cells Oryza sativa
OsROXY1 is detectable in tetrads Oryza sativa
epidermis protects against external environmental stresses
SlIDA is expressed in septum Solanum lycopersicum
OsMTR1 is essential for degeneration of tapetal cells Oryza sativa
exogenous gibberellin (GA) application promotes normal tapetal cell degeneration Oryza sativa
rice MULTIPLE SPOROCYTE1 (MSP1) and TAPETAL DETERMINANT1-LIKE A (OsTDL1A)/MIL2 are suggested to exert their effects in early anther cell differentiation via modulating redox status Oryza sativa
MIL2 expression shows no significant difference between wild-type and osers1 anthers Oryza sativa
auxin negatively regulates endothecium lignification Arabidopsis thaliana
OsROXY2 is mainly restricted to tapetum Oryza sativa
(NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) and BAMs act as positive and negative regulators, respectively specification of archesporial cell fate Arabidopsis thaliana
(NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) mutant anther consists of only somatic connective cells, producing no archesporial cells Arabidopsis thaliana
wild-type anthers treated with water showed slight increase in number of sporogenous-like cells from 7.5 to 9.2 Oryza sativa
OsROXY1 is expressed in anthers Oryza sativa
(ROXY1, AT3G02000) is expressed in anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
(AN3, ATGIF1, GIF, GIF1, AT5G28640) /2 35S:MIR396 produces no archesporial cells Arabidopsis thaliana
OsERS1 transcript levels in anther decreased in later stages Oryza sativa
mutations of the GRX MIL1 lead to misidentified anther wall cell layers Oryza sativa
OsFBK1 knockdown line has increased anther length Oryza sativa
auxin perception mutants show precocious anther development
accumulation and stabilization of SLR1/DELLA proteins would result in arrest of sporogenous cell proliferation at early developmental stages Oryza sativa
each lobe of the anther internally develops microsporangium Arabidopsis thaliana
AtVRLK1 overexpression (OE) anthers fail to open anther dehiscence Arabidopsis thaliana
growth-generated hypoxic conditions induce archesporial cells Zea mays
osers1 anther at stage 3 produces ∼10 archesporial-like cells Oryza sativa
BARELY ANY MERISTEM ( (BAM1, AT5G65700) and (BAM2, BMY9, AT4G00490) ) play pivotal roles in specification of archesporial cell fate and delineation of archesporial and somatic cells Arabidopsis thaliana
IAA concentration leads to peak and finally declining when endothecium thickening commences
some of the archesporial cells of the (AN3, ATGIF1, GIF, GIF1, AT5G28640) triple mutant survived to form pollen grains Arabidopsis thaliana
genomic fragment containing wild-type OsERS1 gene rescues male-sterile phenotype in osers1 mutant Oryza sativa
OsERS1 mRNA is detected in SPC and sporogenous cells of stage 4 Oryza sativa
(AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) shows reduced expression in (EMS1, EXS, AT5G07280) mutant anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
early phase of anther development is more susceptible to low temperature (LT) stress Oryza sativa; Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare
changed redox status disturbs early cell division in rice anthers Oryza sativa
OsERS1 maintains cell patterning Oryza sativa
(AtMYB103, ATMYB80, MS188, MYB103, MYB80, AT5G56110) gene is important for late tapetum development Arabidopsis thaliana
disarranged cell layers and rigid L1 enclosure created abaxial fused lobes Oryza sativa
ROS molecule H2O2 is initially accumulated in middle layer at stage 5 Oryza sativa
disruption of redox status in wild-type anthers by injecting low concentrations of H2O2 resulted in mimic of the phenotype of osers1 mutant Oryza sativa
ccc triple mutant displays non-dehiscent anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
phosphorylation of SPOROCYTELESS (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) enhances (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) protein stability Arabidopsis thaliana
CR-slida knockout lines exhibit failure of anther dehiscence Solanum lycopersicum
early stages of anther development (stages 1–5) determine formation of anther cell layers
loss of function of OsERS1 results in disarranged anther wall cell layers Oryza sativa
anther dehiscence has been largely studied in Arabidopsis thaliana Arabidopsis thaliana
OsJAR1 has a role in controlling anther development and dehiscence Oryza sativa
same size spikes were collected from WT and hvtdf1-2 representing equivalent development stages Hordeum vulgare
(ACBP3, AT4G24230) is subject of promoter polymorphism between Col-0 and Ler-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
phenotypic differences in anther development involved regulatory polymorphism in the promoter region of (ACBP3, AT4G24230) between Ler-0 and Col-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
(ACBP3, AT4G24230) has not been reported to influence anther development in Col-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
SlIDA is expressed in tapetum Solanum lycopersicum
microsporangium consists of three outer concentric parietal layers Arabidopsis thaliana
early anther development is characterized by rapid cell division and fate specification
primary parietal cells (PPCs) form via asymmetric cell division at stage 4 endothecium and secondary parietal cells (SPCs)
OsERS1 plays independent role with known regulators in early anther development Oryza sativa
premature endothecium lignification results in precocious anther dehiscence
cleared anthers viewed under UV in confocal microscope showed differences in dispersal of U-shaped wall thickenings in endothecium Oryza sativa
(ROXY1, AT3G02000) has transiently overlapping expression domains with (ROXY2, AT5G14070) Arabidopsis thaliana
anti-159 flowers have anthers reduced in size with shorter filaments and smaller pollen sacs than wild-type flowers Arabidopsis thaliana
Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) is involved in biosynthesis of hydroxylated fatty acids
ZmMs33/ZmGPAT6 was highly expressed in tapetum at early anther developmental stages Zea mays
(NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) protein stability is required for Arabidopsis anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATGPAT6, GPAT6, AT2G38110) mutants display altered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) profiles in the tapetum Arabidopsis thaliana
OsCP1 downregulation caused delayed tapetum PCD Oryza sativa
reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is required for normal anther development
tapetum contributes to pollen coat deposition
OsMED14_1 is expressed in tapetum and developing microspores Oryza sativa
septum PCD is required for anther dehiscence
early and excessive autophagy, premature PCD, and metabolic reprogramming in tapetal cells finally arrests elongation and development of mutant anthers Zea mays
failure to induce a ROS burst before anther dehiscence resulted in defect in secondary wall lignification in the anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
chloroplasts in En cells of plant anthers have been reported in barley Hordeum vulgare
transient peaks in ROS production occur in developing rice, tomato and tobacco anthers Oryza sativa; Solanum lycopersicum; Nicotiana tabacum
tapetum contributes to microspore release
APETALA3 (AP3, ATAP3, AT3G54340) PISTILLATA (PI), and AGAMOUS (AG) regulate subset of genes that promote anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
endothecium cells are vacuolated during anther stages 7 and 8
tapetal cells in er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant possessed large vacuoles Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– mutant play crucial roles in anther lobe formation
proper coordination between cells is important for robust anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis Tapetal Development and Function1 (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) is highly expressed in microspores Arabidopsis thaliana
(FAR2, MS2, AT3G11980) mutant causes shrivelled anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
apical and basal pore lengths shows significant differences among three rice genotypes Oryza sativa L.
ZmMs33 / ZmGPAT6 is critical for cell proliferation and expansion at late stages Zea mays
ZmMs33 / ZmGPAT6 is required for normal structure and function of En chloroplasts Zea mays
middle layer transports calcium ions to tapetum
dynamic changes in thickness of En and tapetum in WT and mutant anthers during stages 7–11 described possible coordinated relationship between En and tapetum Zea mays
GUS activity decreases with maturity and vanishes in mature anther and pollen grains Oryza sativa
SlIDA acts to induce tapetum and septum PCD Solanum lycopersicum
functional collaborations among four layers in lipid synthesis and transport are largely unknown anther development
tapetum contributes to pollen wall formation
anther En chloroplasts demonstrate essential roles in anther development Zea mays
Nin88 is expressed in tapetum layer Nicotiana tabacum
Arabidopsis (ATGPAT1, GPAT1, sn-2-GPAT1, AT1G06520) is important for nutrient secretion Arabidopsis thaliana
temporary survival of mutant anther and elongation stops mutant anther Zea mays
knowledge of production, transport, distribution, and utilization of energy and substances in four anther wall layers remains limited anther development
anther En chloroplasts function as sink organs for starch storage at early stages (7–9) and as photosynthetic factories for carbon fixation since stage 10 anther development Zea mays
OsMED14_1 transcripts are present in microspores and tapetum of early developing anthers Oryza sativa
WT tapetum thickness from stages 8b–11 gradually decreased stages 8b–11 Zea mays
defects of lipid metabolism in ER of tapetum can interrupt normal anther growth Zea mays
OsMED14_1 transcripts are not present in mature anther Oryza sativa
proper timing of ROS signaling in the septum and endothecium is required for pollen development and release
GhFLA19-D might be pivotal gene for normal development of anthers Gossypium hirsutum
SlIDA promoter-β-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion construct shows GUS activity that decreases at dehiscence stage Solanum lycopersicum
SlIDA may have a function during anther development Solanum lycopersicum
retarded septum PCD leads to dehiscence defect Solanum lycopersicum
three genes (GH_D12G1039, GH_D12G1042, GH_D12G1051) were found to be preferentially expressed in anthers Gossypium hirsutum
anther wall contains endothecium (En)
WT tapetum thickness from stages 7–8b gradually increased stages 7–8b Zea mays
CR-slida tapetum showed significant expansion at microspore stage Solanum lycopersicum
SlIDA is expressed in pollen Solanum lycopersicum
ectopic application of the SlIDA peptide rescued CR-slida anther dehiscence and PCD phenotypes Solanum lycopersicum
GbFLA19s in G. barbadense Hai 7124, Hai 1, and 3-79 were expressed at relatively equilibrated levels Gossypium barbadense
(ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) (AMS, AT2G16910) and (AtMYB103, ATMYB80, MS188, MYB103, MYB80, AT5G56110) are key upstream transcription factors (TFs) for regulation of tapetal development and exine formation Arabidopsis thaliana
lack of effects on the TFs (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) (AMS, AT2G16910) and (AtMYB103, ATMYB80, MS188, MYB103, MYB80, AT5G56110) indicated that GoFLA19s may be downstream regulators of these TFs or modifiers in other pathways Gossypium hirsutum
CSA (Carbon Starved Anther) is key regulator of anther development
ChIP-Seq technology and bioinformatics identified downstream genes of transcription factors
normal structure and function of endothecium (En) chloroplasts maintained by ZmMs33-mediated lipid biosynthesis in tapetal cells are crucial for maize anther development Zea mays
outgrowths that ultimately form the four locules develop from cells located in between adaxial and abaxial domains Oryza sativa
cell layers could sometimes be recognized in (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– anthers
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– mutant tapetum did not form a thin and darkly stained ring around the microspores, but remained thick and disorganized tapetal cell organization
(AMS, AT2G16910) is important for anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) genes function in promoting longitudinal cell divisions
male sterility in ccc mutant is due to lack of lignification in anther endothecium Arabidopsis thaliana
ZmMs33 / ZmGPAT6 is expressed mainly in tapetum at early anther developmental stages Zea mays
chloroplasts in En cells of plant anthers have been reported in maize Zea mays
CR-slida lines show little effect on secondary wall lignification in the anther endothecium Solanum lycopersicum
SlIDA function in altering ROS levels might be limited to septum cell Solanum lycopersicum
GoFLA19s contribute to tapetal development Gossypium spp.
expression signal of GhFLA19s obviously decreased and was restricted to callose layers surrounding tetrad Gossypium hirsutum
non-functional GoFLA19s in hybrid leads to male sterility Gossypium hirsutum; Gossypium barbadense
OsMTR1 is predominantly expressed in early developmental stage anthers Oryza sativa
parietal cells differentiate into inner anther walls
diverse expression changes in exine development-related genes imply complex regulatory pathway affected by GoFLA19s during male reproductive development in cotton Gossypium hirsutum
endothecium (EN) is essential for anther dehiscence and pollen release
Rice OsGPAT3 and maize ZmMs33/ZmGPAT6 are different from (ATGPAT3, GPAT3, AT4G01950) and (ATGPAT6, GPAT6, AT2G38110) in Arabidopsis Oryza sativa; Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana
RBSDV P7-1 overexpression caused non-dehiscent anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) cascade has been reported to function in anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
GhFLA19-D showed significantly higher expression levels than GhFLA19-A Gossypium hirsutum
OsMTR1 expression pattern implies diverse roles of FLA19s in dicots
GhFLA19-D showed persistent high expression levels in all stages up to mature stage Gossypium hirsutum
irregular expression of sporopollenin synthesis genes indicates GoFLA19s affect pathways that regulate expression of genes required for tapetal development and pollen exine formation Gossypium hirsutum
GoFLA19s play crucial roles in tapetal differentiation and degeneration Gossypium hirsutum
GhFLA19-D and GhFLA19-A showed significantly higher expression levels in G. hirsutum CCRI040029 and TM-1 Gossypium hirsutum
ms33-6038 mutant lacks exserted anthers at anthesis Zea mays
tapetum involved in subcellular organelle development
mpk6-1 anther produced less pollen and was smaller in size than (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) mutant and wild-type anthers
abnormal anther phenotypes include abnormal anther cell differentiation Arabidopsis thaliana
slightly different growth conditions can impact normal anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– mutant displays reduced expression of (AMS, AT2G16910) Arabidopsis thaliana
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant produced stamens with apparently undifferentiated anthers of variable sizes Arabidopsis thaliana
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant is defective in anther differentiation Arabidopsis thaliana
RNase activities in 30-40 kDa range in petunia anthers are only observed in early stages of anther development Petunia hybrida
(NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) mutant fails to form L2 derived somatic cell types Arabidopsis thaliana
related genes ( (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) (AMS, AT2G16910) (AtMYB103, ATMYB80, MS188, MYB103, MYB80, AT5G56110) (DRL1, TKPR1, AT4G35420) (ATLAP3, LAP3, AT3G59530) ) are still expressed regularly in mutant (ghfla19-1) Gossypium hirsutum
24-nt phasiRNAs accumulate at later anther developmental stages compared to 21-nt phasiRNAs
(ATMYB33, MYB33, AT5G06100) (ATMYB65, MYB65, AT3G11440) mutants tapetum becomes highly vacuolated in at anther stage 5 Arabidopsis thaliana
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 mutant resembles known loss-of-function Arabidopsis tapetum mutants Arabidopsis thaliana
residual function of ER/ERL and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 genes may be near threshold of needed activity for archesporial formation or function Arabidopsis thaliana
adaxial lobes develop slightly later than abaxial lobes Arabidopsis thaliana
Hsp17-CII transcripts are strongly accumulated in anthers at young stages Solanum lycopersicum
lack of lignification in anther endothecium causes failure of anther dehiscence Arabidopsis thaliana
C3'H co-suppressed Arabidopsis lines exhibit male sterility Arabidopsis thaliana
four layers of anther wall are finely regulated throughout anther development
epidermis is located at outermost layer of the anther
autophagy is crucial for anther dehiscence and male fertility in plant anthers
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) /– mutant characterized for anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant exhibits more severe anther phenotypes Arabidopsis thaliana
(EMS1, EXS, AT5G07280) expression not significantly different in (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– mutant flowers Arabidopsis thaliana
erl1-2 single mutant had anthers that were comparable in size to wild-type anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant anthers that produced viable pollen were larger than anthers that did not differentiate Arabidopsis thaliana
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant anthers had phenotypes varying from antherless stamens to anthers with no more than two abaxial lobes with differentiated cell layers Arabidopsis thaliana
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 mutant lack of ER/ERL1/ERL2 function leads to aberrant cell patterning
high temperature at anthesis affects anther protein expression Oryza sativa L.
anther endothecium undergoes expansion expansion
abnormal tapetum behaviour in Allium was characterized by extremely early degeneration and tapetum hypertrophy and autolysation Allium
outgrowths that ultimately form the four locules are associated with boundaries Oryza sativa
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 anthers were not observed to dehisce Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) play important roles in anther lobe formation Arabidopsis thaliana
under-developed anthers of er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant were overall oval or kidney-shaped Arabidopsis thaliana
(EMS1, EXS, AT5G07280) and (TPD1, AT4G24972) expression was not reduced in (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) /– mutant Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) play important roles in anther cell differentiation Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) expression level not significantly different in (EMS1, EXS, AT5G07280) mutant Arabidopsis thaliana
mutant middle-layer cells at stage 6 in er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant were larger than in wild-type, suggesting they persisted longer than normal Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) genes contribute to normal cell patterning
OsPBP1 antisense transgenic line A-38 had shrunken, short, and bended anthers Oryza sativa
ER/ (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) might function in the same pathway to regulate anther cell division and differentiation Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) /– mutant had later defects in differentiation of anther cell layers
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6-dependent signal transduction promote archesporial formation or function Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) transcript levels are more detectable during development at 2 mm anther stage under control conditions Solanum lycopersicum
Solyc08g062780.1.1 (AtAMS-like and OsTDR-like) is probably involved in tapetum degeneration Solanum lycopersicum
Arabidopsis bHLH89/91 are suggested to be involved in tapetal PCD Arabidopsis thaliana
RNA-seq data should provide good basis for identification and analysis of new genes involved in anther development in tomato Solanum lycopersicum
decrease in (ATMYB33, MYB33, AT5G06100) gene expression correlated with increase in miR159 gene expression would cause anther defects, male sterility, and delayed flowering
strong expression signal of GhFLA19s was detected predominantly in tapetum and microspores during meiosis stage Gossypium hirsutum
anther contains tapetum and microsporocytes
five cell layers within each lobe are, from outer to inner epidermis, endothecium, middle layer, tapetum, and pollen mother cells (PMCs) Arabidopsis thaliana
clusters of cells at the four corners begin to establish cell layers parallel to the epidermis
locule of er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant anther had five cell layers Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) genes function together to regulate anther lobe formation
ER, (ERL1, AT5G62230) and (ERL2, AT5G07180) redundantly promote propagation of cells necessary for normal anther formation
(ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) was expressed early in young anthers Solanum lycopersicum
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) /– mutant exhibits less severe anther phenotypes Arabidopsis thaliana
tapetum and middle-layer cells may be delayed in their development Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– anther formed all four lobes
single, double and er-105 erl1-2 (+/–) erl2-1 mutants show normal anther development
failure to form an anther lobe could be due to absence or abnormal function of archesporial cells Arabidopsis thaliana
microsporogenesis in petal-like organs of Arabidopsis agamous mutant often produces two locules Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis Tapetal Development and Function1 (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) is highly expressed in meiocytes Arabidopsis thaliana
temperature does not affect anther size Oryza sativa
Hsp17.4-CII transcript levels are more detectable during development at 2 mm anther stage under control conditions Solanum lycopersicum
Hsp17.6-CII is expressed particularly in 2 mm anthers Solanum lycopersicum
(TPD1, AT4G24972) is involved in tapetum development Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) genes may communicate signals necessary for normal tapetum cell division
anther wax layer protecting anther from various environmental stresses Oryza sativa
(AMS, AT2G16910) is strongly expressed in tapetum cells specifically after meiosis Arabidopsis thaliana
ms10 35 mutant showed protruded stigma Solanum lycopersicum
growth of tapetal cells was more advanced than control Lilium longiflorum
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant appears to have more severe phenotype than the (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) /– mutant Arabidopsis thaliana
single, double and er-105 erl1-2 (+/–) erl2-1 mutants produced five anther cell layers Arabidopsis thaliana
degradation of some of tapetal cells in er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant possibly due to tapetum did not completely surround meiocytes Arabidopsis thaliana
ER, (ERL1, AT5G62230) and (ERL2, AT5G07180) have overlapping expression during anther development
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 mutant lack of ER/ERL1/ERL2 function leads to increased numbers of tapetum cells
archesporial cells are formed in L2 layer of the anther primordia Arabidopsis thaliana
genes that directly control anther development, such as (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) are vulnerable to factors that disrupt normal activity of these genes in the absence of ER/ERL and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 gene functions Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) and Hsp17-CII are finely regulated during anther development Solanum lycopersicum
heat stress causes failure of adequate dehiscence in tomato anthers Solanum lycopersicum
callose regulates optimal extracellular distance and cell connectivity among central anther locular cells Oryza sativa
erl1-2 erl2-1 double mutant had anthers that were comparable in size to wild-type anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ERL and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 genes may increase robustness of regulatory machinery of early anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– mutant anther was even smaller than either single mutant anther
wild-type anthers are roughly oval-shaped at anther stage 2
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant produced fewer stamens Arabidopsis thaliana
(EMS1, EXS, AT5G07280) (ATSERK1, SERK1, AT1G71830) (ATSERK2, SERK2, AT1G34210) and (TPD1, AT4G24972) genes likely function in the same pathway to specify tapetum formation Arabidopsis thaliana
tapetum neighbors microsporocytes
Btr1-like is exclusively expressed in developing anthers Hordeum vulgare
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) /– mutant anthers sometimes do not dehisce Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) /– mutants have anthers that do not form several normal cell types Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– mutant produced anthers that were smaller than wild-type anthers
(ATMYB33, MYB33, AT5G06100) expression not significantly different in (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– mutant flowers Arabidopsis thaliana
heat stress causes alterations in tomato anthers Solanum lycopersicum
SPATULA (SPT, AT4G36930) is strongly expressed in developing anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATSERK1, SERK1, AT1G71830) and (ATSERK2, SERK2, AT1G34210) are expressed during anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
control anthers at young microspore stage show partial tapetal cell degeneration and tapetum becoming thin Nicotiana tabacum
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) and the ER-family genes are important for cell differentiation during anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
middle-layer cells in er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant appear to overlap with one another triple mutant anther Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) act in the same pathway important for normal anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ERL and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 genes act to modulate intrinsic anther developmental program Arabidopsis thaliana
(EMS1, EXS, AT5G07280) is important for anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
symmetric cell divisions do not typically occur in the same plane as asymmetric cell division events
(NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) and (BAM1, AT5G65700) (BAM2, BMY9, AT4G00490) are important for controlling cell differentiation of archesporial cell progeny Arabidopsis thaliana
hampered response to environmental changes results in developmental defects Arabidopsis thaliana
genes essential for anther development selected for expression analysis by real-time PCR
connective cell walls gradually degenerate during transition from mature to later phase female stage
GoFLA19s have specific expression in anthers Gossypium hirsutum
er-105 single mutant had anthers that were comparable in size to wild-type anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant produced filament-like stamens that appeared to completely lack an anther Arabidopsis thaliana
tapetal cells in er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant when PMCs had developed into microspores remained predominately attached to each other and to other somatic cells stage 8 Arabidopsis thaliana
IR64 has longest and widest anthers with cross-sectional area of 2.44 mm² Oryza sativa
anthers from buds less than 1 mm in length contain sporophytic tissues
middle layers have degenerated during development female stage
GhFLA19-D was downregulated in CCRI9106 during anther development Gossypium hirsutum
signaling molecules play crucial roles in determining anther cell types Arabidopsis thaliana
(AtPAO5, PAO5, AT4G29720) is expressed in anther tapetal cells Arabidopsis thaliana
CsGAMYB1 overexpression in Arabidopsis wild-type Columbia results in smaller anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
tapetal cells in er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant were greater in number compared to wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) is not sufficient to consistently direct normal cell differentiation
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) /– anthers can still form tapetum Arabidopsis thaliana
PMCs degenerate in (ATMYB33, MYB33, AT5G06100) (ATMYB65, MYB65, AT3G11440) and (DYT1, AT4G21330) mutants Arabidopsis thaliana
er (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) mutants lack consistent anther morphologies Arabidopsis thaliana
SPATULA (SPT, AT4G36930) is expressed in tapetum Arabidopsis thaliana
mutant anthers produced four lobes
asymmetric cell divisions occur anther locule formation
ER/ERL and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 may modulate (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) expression Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ERL and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 are not required for (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) expression Arabidopsis thaliana
dirigent-like protein could influence anther dehiscence Oryza sativa
Hsp17.4-CII is expressed during anther development Solanum lycopersicum
understanding of anther development processes may provide effective mechanisms for efficient generation of hybrids
control anthers at young pollen to pollen mitosis stage show almost all tapetal cells differentiated and degenerated Nicotiana tabacum
proteases play an important role in tapetum degradation
connective cell wall is well developed at immature stage
multinucleated periplasmodium degenerates and finally disappears during anther development
such layers were not well organized or were otherwise abnormal cell layer organization
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– mutant play crucial roles in anther cell differentiation
ER/ (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) and (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /6 genes define new function in regulation of anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
ER/ERL and MPK genes likely mediate cell–cell communication Arabidopsis thaliana
thickening in the endothecium limits expansion expansion
male sterility is due to defects in anther dehiscence Arabidopsis thaliana
anti-NtCP56 transgenic anthers from young pollen stage show endothecium cells remaining loosely arrayed and lacking clear fibrotic cell walls Nicotiana tabacum
mutations in (EMS1, EXS, AT5G07280) cause formation of extra microsporocytes Arabidopsis thaliana
tapetum of MYB35-SRDX anthers at stage 8 degenerated earlier than wild-type tapetum Arabidopsis thaliana
anther dehiscence involves changes to the water status of the anther
tapetum is visible at immature stage
tapetal cells in Arabidopsis mutant (MS1, AT5G22260) became highly vacuolated in the early stages Arabidopsis thaliana
microspore release occurs before anther endothecium expansion and deposition of ligno-cellulosic secondary thickening
typical mitochondria were not observed in tapetal cells of sterile anthers Brassica napus
extensive anther development occurs during inflorescence development
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /– mpk6-1/+ anthers appeared to develop normal cell layers, similar to wild-type
(ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) expressed at slightly higher level than (ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) Arabidopsis thaliana
er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant is defective in anther formation Arabidopsis thaliana
tapetal cells in er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant did not form single layer Arabidopsis thaliana
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ (ATMAPK6, ATMPK6, MAPK6, MPK6, AT2G43790) /– mutant tapetum had enlarged cells
establishment of endothecium thickenings was normal in knockout and knockdown lines Arabidopsis thaliana
breakdown of connective cell wall is completed and pollen grains are released at male stage
Solyc02g079810 is expressed only in anthers Solanum lycopersicum
Arabidopsis bHLH89/91 interact with (AMS, AT2G16910) Arabidopsis thaliana
secondary thickening of cell walls in endothecium is similar in wild type, AIF-C+SRDX, and AIF-C anthers at stage 11 Arabidopsis thaliana
32kDa protein recognized only at microspore stage during anther development Lilium longiflorum
anther cells initiate specification and differentiation to form bilaterally symmetrical structure with four lobes Arabidopsis thaliana
Ms10 35 is expressed exclusively in meiocyte and tapetal tissues Solanum lycopersicum
sporogenous cell is innermost cell layer Arabidopsis thaliana
Ms10 35 and its homologues have conserved role in tapetum development
(ACO4, EAT1, EFE, AT1G05010) interacts with (GAMMA-TIP2, SITIP, TIP1;2, TIP2, AT3G26520) and (AtERF98, AtTDR1, ERF98, TDR1, AT3G23230) Oryza sativa
function of bHLH89/91 is not clear due to lack of genetic and molecular evidence Arabidopsis thaliana
Solyc03g113530.2.1 (AtTDF-like) was significantly downregulated in ms10 35 mutant Solanum lycopersicum
anther dehiscence is multistage process involving localized cellular differentiation and degeneration
(PXY, TDR, AT5G61480) mutant rice shows middle layer cell persistence Oryza sativa
GFP fluorescence becomes visible just after appearance of locules in anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
rice (GAMMA-TIP2, SITIP, TIP1;2, TIP2, AT3G26520) regulates rice (AtERF98, AtTDR1, ERF98, TDR1, AT3G23230) and (ACO4, EAT1, EFE, AT1G05010) Oryza sativa
OsGAMYB is involved in exine formation Oryza sativa
LLA1271 spatial and temporal expression patterns are well correlated with tapetal development and degeneration Lilium longiflorum
lily genes are co-expressed in tapetum and microspores Lilium longiflorum
Arabidopsis male sterile mutants analysis of enables understanding of gene regulatory networks controlling maternal development of anther Arabidopsis thaliana
archesporial cells divide periclinally to give rise to sporogenous cells
multinucleated periplasmodium cells contain dense cytoplasm with abundant mitochondria and plastids
cells of the triple mutant anthers appeared larger and more disorganized than wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana
archesporial cells divide to form the four anther lobes Arabidopsis thaliana
tapetal cells were disorganized with abnormally large vacuoles Arabidopsis thaliana
anther epidermis is covered with layer of wax Oryza sativa
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– mutant anthers are defective in cell differentiation
each of the four lobes has four distinct, concentric layers of cells surrounding the pollen mother cells
(ATMAPK3, ATMPK3, MPK3, AT3G45640) /+ mpk6-1/– anther locules occasionally displayed similar cell patterning and structure to wild-type
(NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) is important for anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
tapetal cells in er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 triple mutant were greatly enlarged and abnormally shaped triple mutant anther Arabidopsis thaliana
er (ERL1, AT5G62230) (ERL2, AT5G07180) triple mutant produced reduced number of locules Arabidopsis thaliana
anther primordial cells generate meiocytes and four-lobed cell layers Oryza sativa
(ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) expression in 2 mm anthers from control plants is higher than in older anthers Solanum lycopersicum
mutations in (TPD1, AT4G24972) cause failure to form tapetal cells Arabidopsis thaliana
tapetum function is tightly coupled with progress of meiosis and pollen maturation
(AMS, AT2G16910) is essential for anther development
Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) shows decrease in tapetal cell stainability Raphanus sativus
tapetum in arum species is known to be amoeboid
enzymatic lysis of the septum occurs before programmed cell death-like breakdown of the septum
Tapetal mitochondrial alterations were also reported in male-sterile anthers of Petunia hybrida cv. Blue Bedder Petunia hybrida
ERECTA is involved in anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
new role for (ACBP3, AT4G24230) in the development of anthers in Arabidopsis Ler-0 is reported anther development in Arabidopsis Ler-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
HvTDF1 expression starts from anther stage 7 Hordeum vulgare
(AtC3H15, CDM1, AT1G68200) mutation did not affect tapetum morphology Arabidopsis thaliana
ACBP3pro (Col)::ACBP3::GFP did not show high expression in anthers Arabidopsis thaliana
knockout mutants of genes affecting (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) expression or those regulated by such as BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT (BZR), TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1 (CKRC1, SAV3, TAA1, TIR2, WEI8, AT1G70560) TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED2 (AtTAR2, TAR2, AT4G24670) and (bZIP21, TGA9, AT1G08320) (bZIP65, TGA10, AT5G06839) exhibit similar phenotypes as (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) mutant Arabidopsis thaliana
(AtPAO5, PAO5, AT4G29720) is expressed in anther-filament junction Arabidopsis thaliana
(AtERF98, AtTDR1, ERF98, TDR1, AT3G23230) mutant exhibits male sterility Oryza sativa
OsTDR1 is regulated by OsUDT1 Oryza sativa
gibberellin (GA) up-regulates LLA1271 gene Lilium longiflorum
five (bHLH, AT5G51780) genes ( (DYT1, AT4G21330) (AMS, AT2G16910) (bHLH089, AT1G06170) (bHLH091, AT2G31210) and (bHLH010, AT2G31220) ) were found to be preferentially expressed in anther Arabidopsis thaliana
restored plants showed more vacuolization of the tapetum Brassica napus
Capsicum annuum L. cytoplasmic male-sterile line CMS 21A showed abnormally swollen tapetum pressed against the uni-nucleate microspores Capsicum annuum
NtCP56 might be involved in anther development Nicotiana tabacum
HvTDF1 has tapetum-specific expression during anther stage 7/8 Hordeum vulgare L.
(ACBP2, AtACBP2, AT4G27780) has precise role in anther development that remains to be elucidated anther development Arabidopsis thaliana
difference in expression alteration of β-1,3-glucanase genes at different anther stages suggested that they potentially function at different anther stages
ERECTA modulates (ACBP3, AT4G24230) function Arabidopsis thaliana
male sterile mutants in maize isolated in male sterility screens Zea mays
Ms32 inhibits further periclinal division in differentiated layers
two amino acids inserted in the ms32-6066 mutant protein may disrupt binding to DNA Zea mays
GFP signal is stronger in tapetal cells at stage 6
(DYT1, AT4G21330) expression occurs at similar tapetal development stages as (ATMYB35, MYB35, TDF1, AT3G28470) expression
post-meiotic haploid male gametophytes have been evaluated by transcriptome analysis Oryza sativa; Zea mays; Arabidopsis thaliana
Male sterile 1035 (Ms1035) regulates genes involved in transport Solanum lycopersicum
(ATMYB26, MS35, MYB26, AT3G13890) have been implicated in secondary thickening of anther endothecium and anther dehiscence
pollen maturation begins when epidermis, endothecium, middle layer and tapetum inside the anther have differentiated, and meiosis has been completed Arabidopsis thaliana
endothecium lignification is controlled by auxin
IAA concentration increases meiotic and pre-meiotic stages Arabidopsis thaliana
presumptive middle layer in ms32-ref is affected by absence of MS32
ms32-6066 allele has two amino acid insertion in the (bHLH, AT5G51780) domain Zea mays
down-regulation of most DNA replication genes may contribute to the delay in cell divisions observed in some cell types Zea mays
msca1 mutant anthers lack differentiation of somatic L2-d anther cell types Zea mays
(AtMYB103, ATMYB80, MS188, MYB103, MYB80, AT5G56110) has important role in callose dissolution Arabidopsis thaliana
anther indehiscence occurs during high-temperature (HT) stress
(AP2, AtAP2, FL1, FLO2, AT4G36920) was suppressed at TS but induced at the TDS in H05 Gossypium hirsutum
wild-type samples were collected from five distinct anther stages, stage 6–8b Hordeum vulgare
hvtdf1 stage 8a2 and 8b had a closer correlation with the WT stage 7 data rather than the later stages Hordeum vulgare
acbp3-2 mutant exhibits defective adaxial anther lobes Arabidopsis thaliana
defects in Landsberg anther development related to ERECTA-mediated pathway Arabidopsis thaliana
Osalkbh5 anthers at Stage 10 show thick tapetal layers Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica
HvTDF1 gene expression was detected in the tapetum from Microspore Mother Cell (MMC) stage and tetrad Hordeum vulgare
dyads formed in the mutant line at early single microspore stage became vacuolated during the subsequent development stages until the anther locule collapsed Hordeum vulgare
For barley, two comparison groups, hvtdf1 stage 8a2 vs WT stage 7, and hvtdf1 stage 8b vs WT stage 8a1 were selected based on the delayed development between WT and mutant plants Hordeum vulgare
Ms10 35 may affect stamen length by regulating Se2.1 Solanum lycopersicum
AIF-C+VP16 plants show promoted anther dehiscence Arabidopsis thaliana
uniconazole and NBD treatment may affect anther gene expression Lilium longiflorum
endothecium is second cell layer from outer Arabidopsis thaliana
weak band of 22kDa protein detected at pre-meiotic phase of anther development Lilium longiflorum
LLA1271 gene is negatively regulated by ethylene Lilium longiflorum
protruded stigma in ms10 35 was due to significantly reduced anther cone size Solanum lycopersicum
(bHLH, AT5G51780) subfamilies containing Ms10 35 and AtAMS have conserved function anther development