| event in evolutionarily derived bony fishes (Euteleostei) |
is regulated by |
exon skipping |
Euteleostei |
| (MIR400, AT1G32582) and levels |
are mainly regulated by Cd through |
intron retention (IR) processing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (At-RS40, AT-SRP40, ATRSP35, ATRSP40, RS40, RSP35, AT4G25500) (At-RS41, ATRSP41, RS41, AT5G52040) RS45, and (SMU2, AT2G26460) |
are involved in |
regulation of alternative mRNA splicing |
Glycine max |
| severe heat stress |
produces |
HSFA2-III splicing variant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative 3′ splicing site |
is one of |
four main types of alternative splicing |
|
| splicing variation |
potentially allows for |
additional functions or differential regulation of the gene in other organs |
Amaranthus hypochondriacus |
| types of alternative splicing in protein sequences related to the remaining experimentally validated alternative splicing events in plants |
were systematically |
inspected |
|
| plant genes |
show |
high extent of evolutionary plasticity of protein isoforms controlled by alternative splicing (AS) |
|
| mutually exclusive exons (MXE) |
is |
major type of alternative splicing (AS) |
|
| AS2a and AS2b |
are classified as |
(AS2, AT1G65620) |
|
| QuantAS |
includes |
specific primer design for identifying alternative splicing events |
|
| other heavy metals and ferrous and cupric ions |
do not trigger |
intron retention (IR) event |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 2,207 differentially spliced genes (DSGs) |
include |
1,188 SE, 272 A5SS, 605 A3SS, 46 MXE, and 619 IR events |
Glycine max |
| alternative inclusion of the internal protein motif |
is conserved up to |
ancient teleost fishes |
teleost fishes |
| temperature-dependent alternative splicing of TaHSFA6e |
generates |
two types of functional transcripts |
Triticum aestivum |
| TaHSFA6e Type III transcript |
encodes |
TaHSFA6e-III protein |
Triticum aestivum |
| four additional residues in AhMYB2.2 |
stemmed from |
earlier start of exon 3 |
Amaranthus hypochondriacus |
| using QuantAS to accurately identify conserved genes or conserved sequences |
can aid in |
predicting isoform function |
|
| QuantAS |
can be widely used to |
estimate the accuracy of spliced sequences in the present mainstream database |
|
| infected KD-GmBIR1 relative to noninfected KD-GmBIR1 |
identifies |
2,207 differentially spliced genes (DSGs) |
Glycine max |
| TaHSFA6e |
undergoes alternative splicing when subjected to |
heat stress |
Triticum aestivum |
| retaining intron (RI) alternative splicing |
is |
largest alternative splicing classification |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GmBIR1 signaling pathway |
has a role in |
regulating substantial number of alternatively spliced events induced by SCN |
Glycine max |
| RNAi lines with increased proportion of alternative splicing variants with intact R2R3-MYB and no TAD |
might have |
ability to block senescence but not enough to induce transcription |
|
| skipped exons (SEs) |
disrupt |
open reading frame of (AtC3H42, GDS1, AT3G47120) |
Tanacetum cinerariifolium |
| (XBAT35, AT3G23280) |
has |
two splicing variants, XBAT35.1 and XBAT35.2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) |
undergoes alternative splicing in a temperature-dependent manner |
temperature-dependent alternative splicing |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| splice variant of HSFA2-II |
is degraded due to |
introduction of a premature termination codon in the unexpected mini-exon |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (AGL27, FLM, MAF1, AT1G77080) (FLOWERING LOCUS M) |
has |
two major splice variants, FLM-β and FLM-δ |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsFKBP20-1b |
interacts with |
OsSR34 |
Oryza sativa L. |
| OsFKBP20-1b |
regulates stability of |
OsSR34 |
Oryza sativa L. |
| BLAST output lists |
contain |
alternative splicing events of paralogous genes |
|
| alternative splicing plasticity of experimentally validated alternative splicing events from animals |
was analyzed |
|
|
| SRPKIIs |
regulate the alternative splicing of |
approximately 400 genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mutually exclusive exon |
is one of |
seven types of alternative splicing events |
|
| black section |
is |
common area of all the isoforms |
|
| cadmium (Cd) treatment |
triggers |
stress-specific intron retention event in miR400-containing intron |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| TaHSFA6e |
generates |
TaHSFA6e-III |
Triticum aestivum |
| 90 DASGs shared between srpkii-1 and (AtSR45, RNPS1, SR45, AT1G16610) |
represent |
overlap in alternative splicing patterns |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| expression of only one isoform |
does not fully compensate |
mutant phenotype |
|
| homologous genes |
may be spliced in the same AS event in |
relative species |
|
| infected WT-GmBIR1 compared with noninfected WT-GmBIR1 |
identifies |
3,004 differentially spliced genes (DSGs) |
Glycine max |
| 912 SE, 136 A5SS, 372 A3SS, 63 MXE, and 496 IR events |
correspond to |
1,576 unique genes |
Glycine max |
| OsSR34 and OsSR45 |
function together in |
alternative splicing |
Oryza sativa L. |
| alternative splicing patterns |
may be |
evolutionarily conserved |
|
| QuantAS |
offers |
universal method for the detection and quantification of isoforms in plants |
|
| spliceosome-associated immunophilin |
functions in |
alternative RNA splicing in rice |
Oryza sativa L. |
| this phenomenon |
is less seen among |
animals |
|
| CatSnap pipeline |
was tested for versatility by examining |
conservation of prominent characterized alternative splicing events in animals |
|
| 801 alternatively spliced events |
are shared by |
WT-GmBIR1 and KD-GmBIR1 upon SCN infection |
Glycine max |
| 422 alternatively spliced events |
are oppositely regulated in |
WT-GmBIR1 and KD-GmBIR1 |
Glycine max |
| Catsnap algorithm |
used for analyzing |
conservation of emerging experimentally characterized alternative proteins |
|
| shortening of NOSTRIN N-terminus in the stressed liver |
results in |
NOSTRINβ isoform |
Homo sapiens |
| specific primers |
are selected according to |
splicing site locations |
|
| HSFA2-III splicing variant |
encodes |
truncated 129-amino acid isoform |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intron retention |
is one of |
four main types of alternative splicing |
|
| AHp022773 (AhMYB2) |
produced |
two different isoforms (AhMYB2.1 and AhMYB2.2) |
Amaranthus hypochondriacus |
| intron retention events |
are more prevalent than |
alternative 5' splice site (Alt 5'ss) and alternative 3' splice site (Alt 3'ss) |
Oryza sativa |
| peroxisome targeting signal inclusion |
is regulated by |
alternative acceptor site (AltA) in the third intron |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative acceptor site (AltA) in Glycine max and Solanum lycopersicum |
removes |
sole glutamate |
Glycine max; Solanum lycopersicum |
| different alternative splicing types and alternative transcription start sites (AltTSSs) |
lead to |
production of proteins matching the alternative SGR5β isoform |
|
| red section and blue section |
are |
common sections of one or some of the isoforms |
|
| Catsnap algorithm |
can detect |
conserved functional protein isoforms |
|
| same AS event |
usually occurred in |
relative species |
|
| alternative splicing (AS) |
generates |
complex eukaryotic transcriptomes |
|
| evolutionary history of this alternative splicing event |
illustrates |
relevance of determining the conservation of alternative splicing events at the amino acid level |
|
| protein isoforms |
can be functionally conserved and show |
high plasticity of alternative splicing types they arise from |
|
| conserved splice sites sequences or alternative splicing events |
can serve as |
potential predictors of gene function |
|
| TaHSFA6e-III protein |
has variation at C-terminus compared with |
TaHSFA6e-II protein |
Triticum aestivum |
| alternatively spliced genes |
contributes to |
thermotolerance |
Triticum aestivum |
| Catsnap algorithm |
detects conserved functional protein isoforms regardless of |
alternative splicing (AS) type |
|
| alternative first exon |
is one of |
seven types of alternative splicing events |
|
| 30 DASGs shared among srpkii-1, (AtSR45, RNPS1, SR45, AT1G16610) and sc35-scl mutants |
include |
(At-SR30, ATSRP30, SR30, AT1G09140) U2AF65A, (AGL27, FLM, MAF1, AT1G77080) and (AGL31, MAF2, AT5G65050) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| QuantAS |
is |
valuable tool for addressing the complexities of isoform identification arising from various splicing events |
|
| alternative splicing-mediated formation of AHA domain |
underlies |
enhanced transcriptional activation activity of TaHSFA6e-III |
Triticum aestivum |
| (AS1, ATMYB91, ATPHAN, LL2, MYB91, AT2G37630) and AS3 |
have the same ending position in |
coding region |
|
| splice variant of HSFA2-II |
is generated under |
moderate heat conditions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intron-retaining form of (ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) ( -III) |
encodes |
truncated isoform |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative last exon |
is one of |
seven types of alternative splicing events |
|
| PtRBM25 |
has |
multiple isoforms generated by AS |
Populus trichocarpa |
| quantitative analysis of isoforms using intron or exon–exon junction primers |
solves |
difficulty of identifying diverse alternative splicing events |
|
| alternative 5′ or 3′ splicing |
is |
type of alternative splicing event |
|
| natural intronic variation |
leads to increased accumulation of |
type II isoform |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| gene structure assembly |
plays a guiding role in |
analysis of AS event types |
|
| intron retention (IR) |
is |
type of alternative splicing event |
|
| GmBIR1 signaling pathway |
exerts powerful control over |
host spliceome |
Glycine max |
| splicing events of spliceosome-related genes and mRNA catabolism genes |
were less abundant in |
infected samples of Williams 82 and WT-GmBIR1 compared to noninfected samples |
Glycine max |
| TaHSFA6e-III |
is produced by alternative splicing at |
36–45°C |
Triticum aestivum |
| alternative splicing (AS) patterns |
includes |
alternative 5' splice site (Alt 5'ss) |
Oryza sativa |
| CatSnap pipeline |
is designed to assess |
conservation of alternative splicing with the outcome at the protein level |
|
| phylogenetic tree construction using the poplar gene PtHSP70 and its homologs |
reveals |
related species often share the same alternative splicing events |
|
| PIN-FORMED 7 pre-mRNA transcripts |
are spliced into |
several isoforms |
|
| examining the evolutionary conservation on the basis of amino acid sequence |
brings |
remarkable insight into the evolutionary conservation of alternative splicing |
|
| exon skipping (ES) |
is |
major type of alternative splicing (AS) |
|
| exon skipping |
is one of |
seven types of alternative splicing events |
|
| PtLuc7-rl |
is |
gene of woody model plant poplar |
Populus trichocarpa |
| analyzing the effect of isoform expression patterns on overall expression levels based on different isoform copy numbers |
facilitates |
further functional studies |
|
| skipped exons |
result in |
truncated protein GDS2 with premature stop codon (TGA) |
Tanacetum cinerariifolium |
| splicing at alternative splicing sites in 3′ UTR |
would not change |
amino acid sequence of the resulting protein products |
Zea mays |
| shortest transcriptional variant of PtREV (2,568 bp) |
is devoid of |
3′ untranslated region (UTR) sequence |
Populus trichocarpa |
| (PIRL6, AT2G19330) |
has association with |
alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 173 DASGs shared among srpkii-1, (AtSR45, RNPS1, SR45, AT1G16610) and sc35-scl mutants |
represent |
43.6% of srpkii-1 DASGs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transcripts from genes with multiple exons |
undergo |
exon skipping (ES) |
|
| detecting multiple isoforms simultaneously in a single reaction |
decreases |
redundant identification |
|
| (AT-HSFA7B, HSFA7B, AT3G63350) (AT-HSFB1, ATHSF4, HSF4, HSFB1, TBF1, AT4G36990) and (AT-HSFB2A, HSFB2A, AT5G62020) in Arabidopsis |
are subjected to alternative splicing in response to |
heat stress |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| two β-form (RCA, AT2G39730) cDNAs Zmrca1 and Zmrca2 |
appear to arise from |
alternative splicing of the same gene |
Zea mays |
| alternative splicing in the 3′ UTR |
can produce transcripts with |
different sequence lengths and/or structures |
|
| Zmrca1 and Zmrca2 mRNAs |
could arise from |
alternative splicing of ZmRCAβ genomic DNA |
Zea mays |
| alternative splicing |
may facilitate |
pleiotropic gene functions |
Populus trichocarpa |
| barley (Hordeum vulgare) |
contains alternatively spliced RCA gene |
rcaA |
Hordeum vulgare |
| rcaA |
produces |
two (RCA, AT2G39730) isoforms |
Hordeum vulgare |
| 35S-RLPK-LUC transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line |
was generated as |
alternative splicing reporter system |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| alternative splicing |
is observed for |
(ATSPO11-1, SPO11-1, AT3G13170) in Arabidopsis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| unproductive alternative splicing |
may allow |
overlapping adjacent gene to remain widely transcribed |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transcripts C and D |
contained |
intron II in its entirety |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing of stress-related genes |
was different between |
osfkbp20-1b mutant and the WT |
Oryza sativa |
| two different proteins in CLD and βC-plastoglobuli |
seem to be derived from |
gene CL1Contig7649 by alternative splicing |
Dunaliella bardawil |
| vegetative organs |
produce |
polyadenylated, alternatively spliced (PIRL6, AT2G19330) RNAs |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsEMF2a |
is associated with |
cDNA sequences derived by alternative splicing |
Oryza sativa |
| Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) |
produces two RCA isoforms via |
alternative splicing of (RCA, AT2G39730) transcripts |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| retention of first 28 nucleotides of intron |
produces |
Zmrca1 mRNA |
Zea mays |
| detected phenotype-genotype associations in PtREV |
are represented by distinct SNPs localized toward |
3′ end of the gene where alternative splicing and alternative transcript processing occur |
Populus trichocarpa |
| smaller transcript |
shows |
partial loss of exon 2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative (PIRL6, AT2G19330) mRNAs |
contained |
intron sequences |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RLPK.2 transcript |
carries |
premature stop codon |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| associations of methylation with four types of differential AS (alternative splicing) events |
were investigated |
differential AS events |
Phyllostachys edulis |
| alternative (PIRL6, AT2G19330) mRNAs |
contained |
premature termination codons |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| unproductive alternative splicing of (PIRL6, AT2G19330) mRNA |
prevents |
(PIRL6, AT2G19330) expression in sporophyte tissues |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| mRNA transcripts from Arabidopsis and soybean |
undergo |
alternative splicing (AS) |
Arabidopsis thaliana; Glycine max |
| QuantAS |
provides |
new approach to dissecting the alternative splicing mechanism of functional genes |
|
| alternative splicing of one premRNA |
can produce |
α- and β-form (RCA, AT2G39730) transcripts |
|
| convergent overlapping gene pair |
is associated with |
increased likelihood of alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternatively spliced transcripts of OsNAC5 |
showed differences in abundance between |
loss-of-function mutants and WT |
Oryza sativa |
| isoform 2 of OsNAC5 |
was expressed only in |
loss-of-function mutants, regardless of ABA treatment |
Oryza sativa |
| rice |
produce |
Rca-β isoforms from Rca-α genes by alternative splicing |
Oryza sativa |
| splice variants generated by alternative splicing |
can lead to formation of |
intrinsically disordered proteins or intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) |
|
| intronic long interspersed elements (LINEs) |
recruit |
RNA-binding proteins |
Homo sapiens |
| aberrant transcripts that retained introns |
were higher in |
osfkbp20-1b k/o mutant than in the WT |
Oryza sativa |
| transposon insertions within genes |
is often associated with |
simultaneous occurrence of multiple alternative isoforms |
|
| (SPO11-2, AT1G63990) isoforms in Arabidopsis |
are produced by |
intron retention or exon skipping |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 35 plant species with only Rca-α genes |
could generate both isoforms by |
alternative splicing |
|
| 9 of 42 plant species with separate Rca-α and Rca-β genes |
were also capable of expressing |
spliced variants of Rca-α |
|
| isoform 1 of OsNAC5 |
was similarly expressed in |
WT and k/o or k/d mutants |
Oryza sativa |
| Rca-β isoforms |
are not expected to be phosphorylated unless |
Rca-α gene transcripts have been alternatively spliced to generate Rca-β isoforms |
Brassica rapa |
| premature stop codon |
prevents |
luciferase expression |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| abundance of all alternatively spliced variants of stress-responsive genes |
was higher in |
k/o mutants than in the WT |
Oryza sativa |
| alternative isoforms of OsLIP9, OsNAC5, and OsLEA3 |
were expressed regardless of |
ABA treatment in k/o mutants |
Oryza sativa |
| splicing regulatory effectors (SREs) |
interact with |
host targets |
Phytophthora infestans; Solanum lycopersicum |
| alternative splicing |
was not detected in |
pre-mRNAs of OsRAB16 and OsNAC6 |
Oryza sativa |
| alternative splicing (AS) |
can lead to |
different untranslated regions (UTRs) |
|
| JAZ genes |
contain |
Jas intron |
|
| ARABIDOPSIS FUSCA3 COMPLEMENTING GENE 2 (AFC2, AME1, FC2, AT4G24740) kinase |
regulates |
AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 6 (ARF6, AT1G30330) |
|
| old long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) with lost RNA-binding motifs |
provide |
new splice sites |
|
| SRE3 (Pi06094) |
physically interacts with |
splicing factor (U1-70K, U1SNRNP, AT3G50670) |
Phytophthora infestans; Nicotiana benthamiana |
| alternative splicing mechanism |
generally works for |
Rca-α genes regardless of origin |
|
| alternative splicing |
allows plants to exert fine-tuning and tight control over |
gene expression under various environmental conditions |
|
| PsbP gene in grapevine |
has |
two isoforms |
Vitis vinifera |
| ARABIDOPSIS FUSCA3 COMPLEMENTING GENE 2 (AFC2, AME1, FC2, AT4G24740) kinase |
regulates |
(IAA29, AT4G32280) |
|
| alternatively spliced region of RLPK |
is fused with |
luciferase (LUC) gene |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| RLPK.1 transcript |
produces |
functional luciferase |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| splicing regulatory effectors (SREs) |
bind |
splicing factors |
Phytophthora infestans; Nicotiana benthamiana |
| ratio of Rca-α/Rca-β |
is physiologically important and regulated by |
alternative splicing |
|
| JAZ4.2 transcript |
encodes |
truncated Jas domain |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ARABIDOPSIS FUSCA3 COMPLEMENTING GENE 2 (AFC2, AME1, FC2, AT4G24740) kinase |
regulates |
(PILS5, AT2G17500) |
|
| multiple alternative (PIRL6, AT2G19330) mRNAs |
were detected in |
sporocyteless (NZZ, SPL, AT4G27330) mutant flowers |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing in overlapping gene pairs |
may allow for |
differential regulation of the genes at such loci |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alb4-specific primers |
amplify |
two fragments due to alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing |
is observed for |
SPO11 in mammals |
Mammalia |
| TE in introns |
can give rise to new isoforms through |
exonization, truncation, alternative splicing, or combination thereof |
|
| (FUS3, AT3G26790) (AtLEC2, LEC2, AT1G28300) and (FLA, FRI, RSB7, AT4G00650) |
enable production of |
full-length (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) transcript isoforms |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing mechanism |
plays role in |
suppressing Rca-α expression |
|
| alternative splicing |
produces |
proteins with different domain rearrangements |
|
| (MED25, PFT1, AT1G25540) |
interacts with |
PRE-mRNA-PROCESSING PROTEIN 39a (PRP39, PRP39a, AT1G04080) |
|
| YTHDC-type YTH domain in (AtC3H11, ATCPSF30, CPSF30, OXT6, AT1G30460) |
can be |
retained or spliced |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Turkey and Cyprus ecotypes |
show different |
alternative splicing |
Aethionema arabicum |
| (MED25, PFT1, AT1G25540) |
physically recruits |
(ATPRP40A, PRP40A, AT1G44910) |
|
| CsubMADS1 splice variant |
has |
intron retention |
Coccomyxa subellipsoidea |
| (SGC, AT4G18530) |
is predicted to encode |
three splicing variants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing |
plays a role in |
plant adaptation to environmental stresses |
|
| DNA methylation |
plays only a fine-tuning role in |
alternative splicing of a small portion of genes |
|
| annotated ESTs |
might code for |
alternatively spliced protein different from CKX |
Zea mays |
| OsPARP1.2 |
is |
alternative splicing variant of OsPARP1 |
Oryza sativa |
| alternative splicing (AS) |
regulates |
abundance and composition of NLR transcripts |
|
| (MED25, PFT1, AT1G25540) |
physically recruits |
PRE-mRNA-PROCESSING PROTEIN 39a (PRP39, PRP39a, AT1G04080) |
|
| Os03g01420, Os03g01442, Os03g01490 and Os03g01520 |
have |
alternative splice sites |
Oryza sativa ssp. japonica |
| (FCA, AT4G16280) |
co-transcriptionally promotes production of |
truncated versions of (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) transcripts |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing of maize (DREB2, DREB2A, AT5G05410) (ZmDREB2A) |
produces |
two ZmDREB2A transcripts |
Zea mays |
| mis-splicing events |
often result in |
truncated polypeptides |
Triticum aestivum; Oryza sativa |
| comprehensive RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets across diverse tissues, developmental stages, and environmental conditions |
capture |
isoform diversity |
|
| several OsRLCKs |
probably undergo |
alternative splicing |
Oryza sativa |
| OsWRKY62 gene |
encodes |
OsWRKY62.1 and OsWRKY62.2 |
Oryza sativa |
| At-XBAT35 gene |
has alternative splicing not regulated by |
TSA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| non-protein-coding transcripts |
undergo |
alternative splicing |
|
| alternative splicing (AS) |
has functional role in |
regulation of NLR transcripts |
|
| CrCOL1s and CrCOL2s transcripts |
originated by |
alternative splicing |
Chenopodium rubrum |
| dark-light coverage ratios |
are higher than 1 in |
exon 11, intron 11, exon 12, and intron 12 of At-U2AF65 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| various plant species |
produce |
shorter and longer transcripts of (ACS, AT5G36880) isozymes |
|
| intron retention |
is |
major form of alternative splicing |
|
| current AI-based methods |
typically do not model |
alternative splicing |
|
| chimeric transcripts |
upon alternative splicing result in |
novel chimeric protein fusions |
|
| stress-induced incomplete spliced transcripts of (ACS, AT5G36880) isozymes |
are |
non-functional transcripts |
|
| substantial accumulation of (FOC, MIR160, MIR160A, AT2G39175) and miR5175a splicing isoforms |
mostly lack |
introns which contain the miRNA-bearing hairpin structures |
Hordeum vulgare |
| U11/ (U12, AT1G61275) snRNP-specific protein-encoding genes |
more than half undergo |
alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| all types of alternative splicing |
are |
cell type-dependent |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing |
is less complex in |
EXP7-expressing cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| exon skipping |
contributed the least to |
total alternative-splicing events |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PsABI3-1 |
is |
largest isoform |
Pisum sativum |
| clone 1 |
excluded |
three amino acid residues in second exon region |
Zea mays |
| 5' splicing event in PsABI3-5 |
involves |
short direct repeat (TCA)5 |
Pisum sativum |
| melting curve of samples from third leaf stage plants of early DH pools |
is irregular compared with |
melting curve of other stages |
|
| two isoforms of Rubisco activase |
are produced by |
alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PsABI3-7, PsABI3-5, and PsABI3-4 |
include |
additional splicing event |
Pisum sativum |
| seven ABI3-like cDNA isoforms |
are originated by |
alternative splicing |
Pisum sativum |
| two distinct transcripts from (KAT5, PKT1, PKT2, AT5G48880) |
encode |
cytosolic and peroxisomal proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| missing fragment in PsABI3-2 |
affects |
PST region and entire subdomain A2 and part of B1 domain |
Pisum sativum |
| splicing events of (ABI3, AtABI3, SIS10, AT3G24650) VP1 transcripts in monocots |
often result in |
frame-shifts and premature termination of resulting polypeptides |
Oryza sativa; Triticum aestivum |
| M2 domain |
is |
affected by alternative splicing |
Chenopodium rubrum |
| coexistence of two different alternatively splicing patterns in one BrFLC1 accession |
is different from |
co-existence of constitutive splicing and alternative splicing patterns for (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) in Arabidopsis |
Brassica rapa; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| real-time PCR using forward primer over exon 3–4 junction |
detects |
correctly spliced BrFLC2 transcripts |
Brassica rapa |
| PsABI3-3 |
implies removal of fragment with |
same GT 5' border |
Pisum sativum |
| isoforms PsABI3-2, PsABI3-3, PsABI3-6, and PsABI3-7 |
have borders limiting missing fragments with |
GT … AG |
Pisum sativum |
| GT … AG borders |
are characteristic of |
U2-type introns |
Pisum sativum |
| real-time PCR using forward primer in exon 4 with reverse primer over exon 5–6 junction |
amplifies |
transcripts with correctly spliced and retained intron 3 |
Brassica rapa |
| ER stress-induced splicing event |
results in |
frame shift within OsbZIP50 C-terminal region |
Oryza sativa |
| Rubisco activase |
consists of |
two isoforms |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| different isoforms of PsABI3 |
are |
product of alternative splicing |
Pisum sativum |
| processing in PsABI3-4, PsABI3-6, and PsABI3-7 |
generates |
premature stop codons |
Pisum sativum |
| stop codon within retained intron |
would give rise to |
translated polypeptide lacking domain B3 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 5′ splicing event in PsABI3-5 |
involves |
short direct repeat (TCA) 5 |
Pisum sativum |
| three matching EST sequences (EE013728, CO453006, and FL282551) |
preserve |
second intron in the full length of 674 bp |
Zea mays |
| CatSnap search |
revealed |
types of alternative splicing in JAZ10.3 highly vary among other plants |
|
| many plant genes |
show |
high degree of plasticity of the alternative splicing types during evolution |
|
| intron retention (IR) |
is |
major type of alternative splicing (AS) |
|
| GmBIR1 signaling pathway |
regulates |
alternative splicing of spliceosome-related genes |
Glycine max |
| OsFKBP20-1b |
promotes |
splicing of retained introns |
Oryza sativa |
| QuantAS |
allows |
precise alternative splicing identification to determine alternative splicing event types |
|
| abiotic stress |
markedly enhances |
frequency of intron retention (IR) events in plants |
|
| GmBIR1 signaling pathway |
regulates |
soybean spliceome |
Glycine max |
| protein isoforms |
carry |
physiologically relevant functions |
|
| (RPS4, uS4M, ATMG00290) (Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae 4) |
undergoes |
alternative splicing (AS) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| genes with same AS events |
are marked with |
yellow, green, and gray |
|
| cold acclimation |
caused |
number of intron retention (IR) events increased significantly |
Camellia sinensis |
| GmBIR1-mediated differential phosphorylation of splicing factors |
plays a key role in |
establishing host spliceome upon SCN infection |
Glycine max |
| TaHSFA6e |
was alternatively spliced under |
heat stress |
Triticum aestivum |
| heat stress-induced TaHSFA6e-III protein isoform |
exhibited increased transcriptional activation activity compared with |
TaHSFA6e-II |
Triticum aestivum |
| Long terminal repeat retroelements (LTR-REs) |
can induce |
alternative splicing |
|
| EJC protein-encoding genes |
more than half undergo |
alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intron retention |
strongly repressed for |
subset of genes encoding proteins crucial to root-hair morphogenesis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| non-U2 or non-U12-type splicing events |
have been described for |
other plant genes |
|
| alternative splicing |
is obvious in |
early lines |
Brassica rapa |
| alternative splicing (AS) patterns |
includes |
exon skipping (ES) |
Oryza sativa |
| (RCA, AT2G39730) isoforms |
are processed by |
multiple types of alternative splicing (AS) |
|
| (GEMIN2, AT1G54380) |
may regulate nitrate signaling by |
alternative splicing |
|
| increase in 3′end transcript densities in dark |
are also observed in |
(AT-RS2Z33, ATRSZ33, RS2Z33, RSZ33, AT2G37340) ASE |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rare alternatively spliced FTa1 transcript |
is discovered in |
R108 and spring1 |
Medicago |
| argininosuccinate lyase (OsASL1/OsAL1) |
has |
two transcripts |
Oryza sativa |
| TaHSFA6e Type II transcript |
encodes |
TaHSFA6e-II protein |
Triticum aestivum |
| genome annotation |
included annotation of |
multiple isoforms for 3484 genes |
Amaranthus hypochondriacus |
| understanding of alternative splicing in rice |
is |
incomplete |
Oryza sativa |
| SKRP |
regulates pre-mRNA alternative splicing of |
hundreds of genes, including several defense-related genes |
Glycine max |
| QuantAS |
is |
better choice for validating alternative splicing, especially in nonmodel plants where established efficient protoplast transfection systems are lacking |
|
| shorter transcripts derived from the CrCOL1 and CrCOL2 genes |
lacked |
a region encoding a part of the M2 domain |
Chenopodium rubrum |
| At-XBAT35 gene |
has alternative splicing regulated by |
light |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| isogroups |
presumably represent |
one gene locus capable of producing multiple, alternatively spliced transcripts |
Haematococcus pluvialis |
| Potri.006G070000 |
has |
three transcript variants |
Populus trichocarpa |
| changes in alternative splicing |
reduce |
amount of shortest splicing isoform (mRNA1) |
|
| non-canonical dinucleotides |
are used for |
splicing |
Pisum sativum |
| differences in BrFLC2 expression |
may be partly regulated by |
alternative splicing |
Brassica rapa |
| light |
is mediated by |
chloroplast |
|
| protein coding genes |
show |
alternative splicing events |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IRE1-mediated splicing mechanism of OsbZIP50 orthologues |
may be conserved among |
land plants |
Oryza sativa; Physcomitrella patens |
| At-XBAT35 ASE |
is sensitive to |
light |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATHD1, ATHDA19, HD1, HDA1, HDA19, HDAC19, RPD3A, AT4G38130) mutant |
results in increased usage of |
3′ss2 |
|
| 71% of genes |
contained splice junctions in |
non-GFP cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BLAST and CLUSTAL W sequence-analysis tools |
facilitate comparison of |
splicing-related genes and proteins across various species |
|
| processes that require fast regulation and the integration of several internal and external signals |
more affected by |
DAS |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 3′ss1 |
is weaker than |
3′ss2 |
|
| shorter transcript (band B) |
had |
3′ splicing site of third intron 34-bp nucleotides ahead of WT site |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| weaker band slightly larger than 1018 bp |
was more visible in cDNA templates from |
Al-tolerant lines SC566, SC283, SC175 and CMS225 |
Sorghum bicolor |
| hMATE2–K |
was found to be due to |
alternative splicing of hMATE2 |
Homo sapiens |
| NDC1-2 mRNA |
contains |
truncated reading frame |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| PsABI3-4 |
has 3' acceptor site located in |
exon 5 |
Pisum sativum |
| splicing events |
may be |
cultivar-dependent |
Pisum sativum; Triticum aestivum; Oryza sativa |
| coexistence of two different alternatively splicing patterns in one BrFLC1 accession |
is different from |
intron retention pattern for BoGSL-ELONG in B. oleracea |
Brassica rapa; Brassica oleracea |
| alternative splicing |
is detected for |
intron 3 |
Brassica rapa |
| POPTR_0014s08600.2, POPTR_0015s11130.2, and POPTR_0001s47670.2 |
are alternative transcripts of |
POPTR_0014s08600.1, POPTR_0015s11130.1, and POPTR_0001s47670.1 |
Populus trichocarpa |
| alternative splicing |
may influence |
the choice of the genes controlled by CrCOL factors |
Chenopodium rubrum |
| (ATMSRB3, MSRB3, AT4G04800) |
has |
N-terminal and C-terminal extensions from alternative splicing |
Homo sapiens |
| smaller band from (GAUT7, LGT7, AT2G38650) RT–PCR |
may represent |
splice variant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| longest transcript (band A) |
contained |
intron 2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsFKBP20-1b |
exhibits |
955 differential alternative splicing (DAS) events |
Oryza sativa |
| Catsnap algorithm |
revealed |
(RCA, AT2G39730) isoforms are produced by more alternative splicing types in various plants |
|
| CatSnap pipeline |
documented |
stable and long evolutionary history of selected prominent animal alternative splicing events |
|
| GmBIR1 |
contributes to |
alternative splicing during compatible interaction between SCN and soybean |
Glycine max |
| exon skipping |
is one of |
four major classes of AS events |
|
| Col-0 and C24 reciprocal F1 hybrids |
showed no maternal bias in |
alternative splicing divergence |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| lines expressing CDKG1S-GFP |
showed similar result |
rescue of (ATU2AF65A, AT4G36690) splicing phenotype |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative 3' splice site (alternative acceptor) |
is one of |
four main types of alternative splicing in plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 7,807 intron-retention features |
were different between |
(ATEXP7, ATEXPA7, ATHEXP ALPHA 1.26, EXP7, EXPA7, AT1G12560) and non-GFP cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| population of pre-mRNAs subjected to alternative splicing |
varies with |
structure and function of the cell type |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| ARF post-transcriptional regulation |
controls formation of |
MP11ir isoform |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| five of the 10 Arabidopsis U1 snRNP proteins, including the U1-70K-coding genes |
may undergo |
alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing |
was more complex in |
non-GFP cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 11th intron of (ATU2AF65A, AT4G36690) |
can be retained |
in some transcripts |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| subset of 17 DIR and DES events |
were validated by |
qRT-PCR |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| small interfering peptides (siPEPs) |
are produced by |
alternative splicing |
plants |
| increased elongation |
favors usage of |
3′ss2 |
|
| 1,239 genes |
produced transcripts with |
differential alternative donor/acceptor (DADA) events |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| exon skipping |
is |
important post-transcriptional method for controlling expression of splicing factor coding genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing |
is more complex in |
non-root hair cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| stronger band with molecular size of 1033 bp |
was detected and corresponds to |
expected size of fully spliced cDNA fragment |
Sorghum bicolor |
| atPrp39a |
can produce |
a shorter protein isoform with a novel amino-terminal sequence by exon skipping |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| RACKJ software package |
was used to investigate |
four main types of alternative splicing in plants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 139 exon-skipping events |
were defined as significantly different between |
root hairs and non-GFP cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (REN1, AT4G24580) and (ATIRE1-1, AtIRE1b, IRE1, IRE1-1, IRE1B, AT5G24360) |
were among genes that produced transcripts with |
DADA events |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| INDETERMINATE DOMAIN 14 (AtIDD14, IDD14, IDD14alpha, IDD14beta, AT1G68130) gene |
produces |
IDD14α isoform |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| efficiency of splicing intron 11 |
was also reduced |
in comparison to Col-0 at 27°C |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| missing fragment in PsABI3-2 |
shares with Nakako and Mori sequence |
same 5' splicing site |
Pisum sativum |
| DNA sequences missing in isoforms PsABI3-4, PsABI3-6, and PsABI3-7 |
start at |
same 5' border |
Pisum sativum |
| (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) variant from Bur-0 accession |
displays |
partly retained intron 6 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATGSTT3, GST10C, GSTT3, AT5G41220) |
has |
long splice variant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| splicing |
produces |
different mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA |
|
| intron retention |
is |
most abundant alternative splicing type in splicing-related genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsIRE1 |
is involved in |
unconventional splicing of OsbZIP50 |
Oryza sativa |
| (CDKG1, AT5G63370) |
is required for alternative splicing of ATU2AF65A across |
tested temperature range |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| three of them |
are apparently |
alternatively spliced |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| A two-RRM U2AF65 protein |
can be produced through |
alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| several over-represented GO processes |
associated with differential gene expression, but only to a minor extent with |
DAS |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CDKG1L (Long) mRNA |
is |
alternative mRNA species depending on intron retention |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| splicing of (CDKG1, AT5G63370) |
is necessary to maintain |
correct balance between (ATU2AF65A, AT4G36690) splice forms across temperature range |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ATRCY1, CYCL1, MOS12, RCY1, AT2G26430) |
is part of |
temperature-sensing module |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| exon skipping in splicing-related genes |
is higher than |
exon skipping ratio in all Arabidopsis alternative splicing events |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (ELF3, PYK20, AT2G25930) and (ATCOL2, BBX3, COL2, AT3G02380) |
have |
cDNA of both splice forms, with and without detected cycling intron |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protein kinase (AFC2, AME1, FC2, AT4G24740) |
was included in |
differential exon skipping (DES) group |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (REN1, AT4G24580) |
is one of |
genes with root hair-specific expression and reduced retained introns |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (At-RS40, AT-SRP40, ATRSP35, ATRSP40, RS40, RSP35, AT4G25500) |
transcripts were less abundant in |
(ATEXP7, ATEXPA7, ATHEXP ALPHA 1.26, EXP7, EXPA7, AT1G12560) cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| short transcript at the O1 locus |
conceptually encoded |
headless myosin |
Zea mays |
| alternative splicing |
generated |
shorter transcripts derived from the CrCOL1 and CrCOL2 genes |
Chenopodium rubrum |
| inclusion of second intron in (ELF3, PYK20, AT2G25930) |
could produce |
protein similar to that of elf3-1 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intron retention |
was the major type of event in |
most over-represented GO categories |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing on a global scale |
question as to whether |
physiological significance or due to 'noisy' splicing of pre-mRNA |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| snoRNAs |
is mainly involved in |
alternative splicing |
|
| cDNA lacking introns 2 and 3 |
is easily amplified |
RNAs 2 and 3 are minor variants |
Setaria viridis |
| some Rca-α genes of plants that have separate Rca-α or Rca-β genes |
can still produce |
portion of Rca-β by alternative splicing |
|
| 1,254 exon-skipping events |
were seen in |
non-GFP cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 7,807 intron-retention features (differential intron retention; DIR) |
were found in |
(ATEXP7, ATEXPA7, ATHEXP ALPHA 1.26, EXP7, EXPA7, AT1G12560) and non-GFP cells |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsIRE1 overexpression lines (OsIRE1 OE lines) |
show |
unconventional splicing in absence of ER stress treatment |
Oryza sativa |
| type of alternative splicing determining inclusion or exclusion of protein regions |
varies throughout |
plant phylogenetic lineages |
|
| this alternative splicing event |
is likely |
non-homologous in these species |
Glycine max; Solanum lycopersicum |
| PtU1-70 K |
has |
four transcript sequence variants |
Populus trichocarpa |
| SCN-infected transgenic hairy roots expressing empty vector |
identifies |
912 SE, 136 A5SS, 372 A3SS, 63 MXE, and 496 IR events |
Glycine max |
| differentially alternatively spliced genes (DASGs) in srpkii-1 |
overlap with |
DASGs in sc35-scl and (AtSR45, RNPS1, SR45, AT1G16610) mutants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transcripts from genes with multiple exons |
undergo |
intron retention (IR) |
|
| alternative splicing (AS) event |
has evolutionary depth that is challenging to examine with |
ordinary homology searches |
|
| conserved sequences |
may be used as |
markers in phylogenetic analysis using QuantAS |
|
| existing methods |
can only verify |
known isoforms |
|
| 3,004 differentially spliced genes (DSGs) |
include |
1,677 SE, 409 A5SS, 849 A3SS, 30 MXE, and 932 IR events |
Glycine max |
| heat stress-induced TaHSFA6e-III protein isoform |
exhibits increased transcriptional activation activity due to |
introduction of an AHA motif |
Triticum aestivum |
| alternative splicing |
greatly expands |
coding capacity of eukaryotes through the production of alternative isoforms |
|
| temperature |
affects |
splicing of (ATU2AF65A, AT4G36690) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CDKG1, AT5G63370) alternative introns |
are preferentially spliced |
in Col-0 at higher temperatures |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| osfkbp20-1b knockout mutant |
shows differential alternative splicing (DAS) events compared to |
wild-type (WT) |
Oryza sativa |
| PtU1C |
has |
two isoforms |
Populus trichocarpa |
| heat stress |
affects occurrence of |
splicing events in miR400-containing intron |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Arabidopsis (SMU2, AT2G26460) |
modulates |
alternative splicing of genes required for syncytium formation |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intron-retaining form of (ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) ( -III) |
is produced under |
severe heat conditions |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AhMYB2 gene |
has |
one stronger expressed and functional splice variant |
Amaranthus hypochondriacus |
| AtNSRa and AtNSRb |
differ due to |
new 1′ exon and two transcription start sites in AtNSRb locus |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NSR-HA complex |
binds |
AS mRNA targets |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing event |
is triggered specifically by |
heat stress |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| longer gene product suggested by RACE analysis |
is |
nMAT4L |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| QuantAS |
provides |
convenient tool for advancing research on splice isoform function |
|
| Cd stress |
causes |
intron retention (IR) event of entire 306-bp intron |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (RCA, AT2G39730) isoforms in rice |
result from |
different alternative splicing type than in other species, including Arabidopsis |
Oryza sativa; Arabidopsis thaliana |
| certain isoforms fully overlap with other isoforms |
renders it impossible to |
design specific primers for their identification |
|
| natural intronic variation |
results in |
differential splicing efficiency of (ATHSFA2, HSFA2, AT2G26150) |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| alternative splicing (AS) of precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs) |
increases |
diversity of the transcriptome and proteome |
|
| (GEMIN2, AT1G54380) |
has been found to control |
alternative splicing of some clock genes |
|
| BLAST output lists |
contain |
sequences resulting from unrelated alternative splicing events |
|
| PtPRP40a |
is |
gene whose individual isoforms could not be calculated by MLE |
Populus trichocarpa |
| examining changes in all isoforms |
provides insights into |
common ancestry of species based on conserved alternative splicing event types |
|
| undetected isoforms |
may have |
certain impact on final quantitative results |
|
| QuantAS |
is valuable for |
validation of splicing events identified in large-scale omics data |
|
| exon skipping (ES) |
is |
type of alternative splicing event |
|
| HSFA2-II transcript |
contains |
additional 31-bp mini-exon |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| rMATs (replicate Multivariate Analysis of Transcript Splicing) software |
identified |
524 significantly different alternative splicing events |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| transcripts from genes with multiple exons |
undergo |
use of alternative 5′ or 3′ splice sites (Alt 5′ss or Alt 3′ss) |
|
| alternative splicing sites in WT and osfkbp20-1b |
show GT-AG motif under normal conditions but rare unconventional CT and AC motifs upon ABA treatment in |
WT but not in osfkbp20-1b |
Oryza sativa |
| JAZ10.4 orthologs |
are products of |
same alternative splicing type |
Brassicaceae family |
| alternative splicing (AS) patterns in plants |
broadly vary compared to |
alternative splicing (AS) patterns in animals |
|
| (AS2, AT1G65620) isoform |
has proportion of copy numbers significantly higher than |
(AS1, ATMYB91, ATPHAN, LL2, MYB91, AT2G37630) isoform |
Populus trichocarpa |
| coupling QuantAS with qPCR and dPCR techniques |
will allow |
rapid and precise screening of isoform changes that participate in physiological responses |
|
| 650 DSGs detected in WT-GmBIR1 under SCN-infected conditions |
indicates that |
more than one-third of alternatively spliced events induced by SCN are regulated by GmBIR1 signaling pathway |
Glycine max |
| 227 genes subjected to SE events |
are also alternatively spliced in |
infected WT-GmBIR1 |
Glycine max |
| (PIRL6, AT2G19330) mRNA |
undergoes |
unproductive alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| novel splice site |
accounts for |
variant transcripts detected in line #771 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intron 2 |
is maintained in |
larger transcript |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| line #771 |
shows |
aberrant splicing behavior due to G→A transition in intron 2 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SRPKIIs |
regulate |
alternative splicing via SR proteins |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| IR isoforms |
have functional role in |
biological pathways |
|
| alternative acceptor site (AltA) in Glycine max and Solanum lycopersicum |
does not affect |
predicted peroxisome targeting signal |
Glycine max; Solanum lycopersicum |
| existing methods |
have no effective way to |
verify the undetected isoforms |
|
| heat stress |
specifically induced |
alternative splicing (AS) event in the 306-bp intron where (MIR400, AT1G32582) was located |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative 5′ splicing site |
is one of |
four main types of alternative splicing |
|
| retrograde signal(s) regulation |
functions via |
alternative splicing |
|
| variability of alternative splicing types |
is seen among |
most well-characterized alternative isoforms |
|
| N gene |
undergoes |
alternative splicing (AS) |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| alternative 5' splice site |
is one of |
seven types of alternative splicing events |
|
| QuantAS |
has potential applications in |
early screening of disease by detection of abnormal alternative splicing events |
|
| GmBIR1 signaling pathway |
regulates |
alternative splicing during soybean cyst nematode infection |
Glycine max |
| R genes |
undergo |
alternative splicing (AS) |
|
| intron retention |
is one of |
seven types of alternative splicing events |
|
| KD-GmBIR1 compared to WT-GmBIR1 |
identifies |
2,738 differentially spliced genes (DSGs) |
Glycine max |
| putative branchpoint (BP) |
was identified within |
100 bp excised AS fragments |
|
| intron retention (IR) |
is most prevalent in |
plants |
|
| intron retention of (AGL25, FLC, FLF, RSB6, AT5G10140) introns 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 |
is significantly reduced in |
shoot apex of srpkii-1 mutant |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| protoplast transfection assays |
analyzes whether |
OsFKBP20-1b and splicing factors function together in alternative splicing |
Oryza sativa L. |
| logistic regression machine learning model |
implements |
amino acid similarity specifically within the alternative splicing region |
|
| spliceosome-associated immunophilin |
positively regulates splicing of |
retained introns |
Oryza sativa L. |
| 650 differentially spliced genes (DSGs) |
are common to |
SCN-infected Williams 82 and SCN-infected WT-GmBIR1 |
Glycine max |
| TaHSFA6e |
generates |
TaHSFA6e-II |
Triticum aestivum |
| emerging experimentally characterized alternative proteins from plants and animals |
are conserved among |
other species |
|
| CatSnap |
is able to identify |
instances where the alternative splicing type varies, but the homology of the resulting amino acid sequence persists |
|
| QuantAS |
allows |
isoforms to be reclassified for different functional protein-coding regions |
|
| heat stress |
caused |
intron retention (IR) and exon skipping (ES) accounted for more than half of alternative splicing events |
Zea mays |
| RS45 |
is involved in |
suppressing innate immunity through reregulation of pre-mRNA splicing and control of splice site selection |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Serine/Arginine-rich 45 (AtSR45, RNPS1, SR45, AT1G16610) |
pre-mRNA transcripts are spliced into |
several isoforms |
|
| primary amino acid sequence |
is maintained while |
type of alternative splicing determining inclusion or exclusion of protein regions varies |
|
| logistic regression machine learning model |
implements |
position of (non-)aligned amino acids within the alternative splicing region |
|
| FLM-β : FLM-δ ratio |
is |
approximately 1.2-fold higher in srpkii-1 than in Col-0 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| OsFKBP20-1b |
functions as |
chaperone-like protein in the spliceosome |
Oryza sativa L. |
| usage of alternative 5′ and 3′ splice sites (A5SS and A3SS) |
is |
major type of alternative splicing (AS) |
|
| PtRBM25 |
is complex in structure with |
variety of AS events including IR, alternative 3′ splice site (3′AE) and alternative 5′ splice site (5′AE) |
Populus trichocarpa |
| applying QuantAS to study all isoforms |
facilitates |
comprehensive understanding of isoform expression patterns and regulatory modes under different conditions |
|
| straightforward experimental design and procedures of QuantAS |
makes |
QuantAS a valuable addition to the current tool chest for the study of alternative splicing |
|
| 2,738 differentially spliced genes (DSGs) |
include |
1,557 SE, 369 A5SS, 746 A3SS, 43 MXE, and 810 IR events |
Glycine max |
| Catsnap algorithm |
highlights presence of |
unexpectedly frequent hotspots where protein isoforms recurrently arise |
|
| (AS2, AT1G65620) isoform copy numbers |
is significantly higher in |
all poplar tissues |
Populus trichocarpa |
| significantly different alternative splicing events in srpkii-1 |
are mainly associated with |
(At-SR30, ATSRP30, SR30, AT1G09140) (At-SCL33, ATSCL33, SCL33, SR33, AT1G55310) (At-RS31a, RS31a, AT2G46610) (At-RS40, AT-SRP40, ATRSP35, ATRSP40, RS40, RSP35, AT4G25500) (At-RS41, ATRSP41, RS41, AT5G52040) and (AtSR45, RNPS1, SR45, AT1G16610) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| intron retention (IR) |
is |
most common form of alternative splicing in plants |
|
| studies of spliceosome structures |
provided understanding of |
how transcript abundance and diversity are generated in the plant lineage |
|
| truncated version of tumor necrosis factor receptor CD40 |
is processed by |
multiple alternative splicing types |
|
| heat stress responsive HSF expression |
is regulated by |
alternative splicing |
|
| human NOSTRIN (eNOS trafficking inducer) |
undergoes |
shortening of its N-terminus in the stressed liver |
Homo sapiens |
| QuantAS |
is able to |
detect multiple isoforms simultaneously in a single reaction |
|
| wheat seedling transcriptome |
revealed that c. 24.6% of genes exhibit |
alternative splicing patterns |
Triticum aestivum |
| 3576 genes |
showed altered alternative splicing in response to |
heat stress |
Triticum aestivum |
| alternative splicing of premRNA at its 3′ UTR |
is |
not a rare phenomenon in plants |
|
| FLM-β |
is encoded by |
splice variant of (AGL27, FLM, MAF1, AT1G77080) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| heat-induced alternative splicing event of (MIR400, AT1G32582) |
still occurred in |
sr mutants |
|
| PKFP.2 transcript |
produces |
truncated protein without protein kinase domain |
Solanum lycopersicum |
| CPSF30-L |
is |
predominant isoform of (AtC3H11, ATCPSF30, CPSF30, OXT6, AT1G30460) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing with exon-2 skipping |
gives |
protein of 359 aa |
Triticum aestivum |
| Isoform β* from Physcomitrella patens |
corresponds to |
skipping of exon-2 |
Physcomitrella patens |
| alternative splicing events in srpkii-1 |
correspond to |
397 genes |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| MiMSP31 and MiMSP32 |
are likely |
splice variants of the same transcript |
Meloidogyne incognita |
| 610 bp fragment amplified from cDNA |
suggests presence of |
alternative transcripts showing complete retention of intron 1 |
Sorghum bicolor |
| other splice variants of OsPCS1 and OsPCS2 |
are |
C-terminally truncated |
Oryza sativa |
| shorter isoform (NM_106095.1) |
is |
nMAT4S |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative splicing in splicing-related genes |
is much higher than |
overall frequency of alternative splicing in Arabidopsis |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| siPEPs |
are produced by |
alternative splicing of transcription factor genes |
|
| splicing regulator genes |
have |
alternative splicing ratio over 33% |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) |
plays a role in elimination of |
alternative splicing products |
plants |
| alternative splicing event |
affects |
expression of (NTRC, AT2G41680) gene |
|
| alternative splicing event |
results in |
transcript with premature stop codon |
|
| PMT3 |
has |
two splice variants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (CDKG1, AT5G63370) intron 1 removal |
erases |
primary start codon (ATG) |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| each sample |
contains an average of |
4,500 alternative splicing events |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| StSID2 |
has |
two variants: StSID2-1 and StSID2-2 |
Solanum tuberosum |
| alternative spliced form of HAP2-1 mRNA |
retains |
long intron (865 bp) in the 5′ leader sequence (LS) that contains three uORFs |
Medicago truncatula |
| 1,114 genes with phytochrome-dependent rapid changes in alternative promoter selection |
showed only 14% with |
phytochrome-regulated alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| auxin-related gene (AtDRM2, DAP2, DRM2, AT2G33830) transcripts |
exhibit changes in |
alternative splicing in response to auxin |
|
| m6A methylation |
indicates role in |
mRNA splicing |
|
| heat stress condition |
causes |
alternative splicing event in intron 1 |
|
| two out of three alternative splice versions of CTPS |
produce |
non-filamentous CTPS proteins |
Drosophila |
| other three accessions |
did not show |
Alt5 event |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| SPLICING FACTOR 1 |
binds to |
FLOWERING LOCUS M (AGL27, FLM, MAF1, AT1G77080) transcripts |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| FLOWERING LOCUS M (AGL27, FLM, MAF1, AT1G77080) |
undergoes |
temperature-dependent alternative splicing |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| longer transcript (band A) |
retained |
whole of intron 3 |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| expression of intron 1 isoform |
was assessed in |
both parents and NILs |
Sorghum bicolor |
| other two transcripts (band B and C) |
are |
mis-spliced products |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| extensive alternative splicing in SbMATE transcripts |
occurs in |
SbMATE transcripts |
Sorghum bicolor |
| animals |
possess |
many MAP splice variants |
|
| cryptic alternative splicing intron region |
results in |
unrecognized 206 bp intron including the (MIR400, AT1G32582) hairpin retained in the 5′UTR of host gene |
|
| QuantAS |
can calculate |
copy number of the complicated isoform according to MLE |
|
| alternative splicing (AS) |
can generate |
functional MP isoform lacking Aux/IAA dimerization domain |
|
| intron retention |
frequently leads to |
inclusion of premature stop codons |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| translational frame shift |
would change |
C-terminal region of OsbZIP50 |
Oryza sativa |
| (AtJAZ4, JAZ4, TIFY6A, AT1G48500) |
has two naturally occurring splice variants |
JAZ4.1 and JAZ4.2 splice variants |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| (MED25, PFT1, AT1G25540) (PRP39, PRP39a, AT1G04080) and (ATPRP40A, PRP40A, AT1G44910) |
recruits to JAZ loci to facilitate |
full splicing of JAZ genes |
|
| (atnudt22, NUDT22, AT2G33980) |
is characterized by |
transcriptional isoforms partly excluding intronic tDNAs Pro |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| hypomethylation at tDNA Met in MSP1 intron |
correlates with production of |
adherent MSP1 transcript |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| alternative transcripts retaining intron 3 |
have molecular size of |
1126 bp |
Sorghum bicolor |
| alternative splicing of RUBISCO ACTIVASE (RCA, AT2G39730) |
produces |
longer RCAα and shorter RCAβ isoforms |
|
| evolutionary plasticity of alternative splicing types |
is also seen in |
animal systems |
|
| comparing conserved sequences at the splice sites for the same alternative splicing events |
suggests |
isoforms produced by genes with the same alternative splicing events in different species may either perform similar functions or undergo similar modulation |
|
| GmBIR1 |
regulates |
alternative splicing of pre-mRNA |
Glycine max |
| GmBIR1 signaling pathway |
plays a role in |
establishing alternative splicing during SCN infection |
Glycine max |
| removal of single 112-nucleotide intron |
produces |
Zmrca2 mRNA |
Zea mays |
| OsPARP1.1 |
is |
alternative splicing variant of OsPARP1 |
Oryza sativa |